如何在樁基設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范中定量考慮施工檢測(cè)的作用

XX大學(xué),XX年XX月XX日

Constructioncontrolandsafetyofpilefoundations

如何在樁基設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范中定量考慮施工檢測(cè)的作用

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xx大學(xué)土木與環(huán)境工程系1HKUSTContentsIntegratedesignandconstructionqualityassuranceProposeaproceduretoinvestigatetheeffectofconstructioncontrolonthesafetyofdrivenpilesProvidetheoreticalbasistoderivefactorsusedtoconsidertheeffectofconstructioncontrolindesigncodes2HKUSTConstructioncontroltestsoranalysesManytypesofconstructioncontroltestsoranalysesareroutinelycarriedoutasameanstocopewithuncertaintiesFinalsettestsDynamictestsusingpiledrivinganalyzers(PDA)WaveequationanalyseswithmeasurementsBlowcountanddrivingenergymonitoringStaticloadingtests3HKUST4HKUSTPDAtest5HKUSTExample:aseven-stepprocessforselectingdrivingcriteria

(Belletal.2002)1

Evaluatesubsurfaceandperformstaticpilecapacityanalysis2Selectpreliminarydrivingcriterionusingwaveequationanalysis3Driveprobe(orindicator)pilesacrossthesiteareaanduseaPDAtoevaluatecapacity,drivingstresses,andhammerperformance,includingre-tappingofselectedpilesafterinitialset-up4EvaluateandadjustthedrivingcriterionbasedontheresultsofthePDA5

Drivestatictestpile(s)usingthereviseddrivingcriterion6

Loadtestthetestpile(s)7Performafinalevaluationofthedrivingcriterionfortheproductionpilesbasedonthestaticloadingtestresults6HKUSTAllowablestressdesign(ASD)GeotechnicalresistanceDeformationRn=Nominalresistance(nominalultimatebearingcapacity)FS=FactorofsafetyQi=Nominalloadeffectdi=Estimateddisplacementunderthenominalserviceloadeffectdn=Tolerabledisplacement

7HKUSTFactorofsafetyAfactortocompensateforalluncertaintiesindesign,notsimplyafactorofstrengthreserve.Allfoundationmayfail!Theproblemishowlikely.FOSdependson:

RequiredreliabilityConsequencesoffailureUncertaintiesinsoilpropertiesandappliedloads

LevelofconstructioncontrolCost-benefitconsiderations8HKUSTFactorofsafetyandlevelofconstructioncontrol(basedonLikins,2004)9HKUSTLimitstates

Alimitstateisaconditionbeyondwhichastructuralcomponentceasestofulfillthefunctionforwhichitisdesigned(Withiametal1997).Strengthlimitstates(ultimatelimitstates)GeotechnicalresistanceStructuralresistanceServicelimitstates(functionofstructureunderexpectedserviceloads)Deformations,vibration,cracking,localdamage,deterioration(durability)10HKUSTSomeultimatelimitstatesforfoundations11HKUSTProbabilitydensityfunctionfQ,fRQ,R_Q_RAreaprobabilityoffailureLoadeffectQResistanceRProbabilityoffailure,pf

=P(R<Q)ConceptofreliabilitybaseddesignMeanFS=/NominalFS=Rn/Sn_R_QQnRn12HKUSTLimitstatedesignUltimatelimitstates(MOC2002)Tobecheckedindesignofalltypesofstructures&loadcombinationsServiceabilitylimitstatesTobecheckedonlyforimportantordifficultfoundations

13HKUSTGeotechnicalresistance:

Servicelimitstate:

(sameasASD)

Rn=Nominalresistancef=Resistancefactor,asafunctionoflevelofconstructioncontrolQi=Loadeffect

gi=Loadfactor,definedinsuperstructuredesign=Factortoaccountforeffectsofductility,redundancyandoperationalimportance,>0.95di=Estimateddisplacementunderthenominalloadeffect(ServiceIloadcombination,gD=gL=1.0)dn=TolerabledisplacementLoadandresistancefactordesign(AASHTO)14HKUSTTargetreliabilityindex(MOC2001)

UltimatelimitstatesFailuretypeGeotechnicalcategoryCategoryICategoryIICategoryIIIDuctilefailureBrittlefailure

ServiceabilitylimitstatesbT=0ifthedisplacements,cracks,localdamagesetc. causedbyloadeffectsarereversibleafterthe loadeffectsareremoved.bT=1.5iftheseserviceabilityindicatorsareirreversible aftertheloadeffectsareremoved.15HKUSTResistancefactorsforgeotechnicalstrengthlimitstateofaxiallyloadedsinglepiles(fromAASHTO1998)16HKUSTValuesoflvforvariousmethodsofpileconstructioncontrol(fromAASHTO1998)17HKUSTReliabilitymethodtoconsidereffectofconstructioncontrolEstimateempiricalstatisticsofadesignmethodReducethevariabilityofthedesignmethodgiventheoutcomeofacontroltestoraseriesofcontroltestsObtainnewstatisticsofthedesignmethodObtainnewpartialfactors/resistancefactorstoachievetargetreliability18HKUSTUncertaintyofdesignmethods19HKUSTBi告as榴f營ac嗓to蠢r遣an謝d習(xí)co數(shù)ef陳fi酸ci縱en揀t窩of盡v豎ar過ia郵ti城on獻(xiàn)f火or絹v沫ar毯io們us踢d算es坑ig奶n連me英th槽od虜s*No他te幕:20HK濁US腐TWh仔at睬h哈ap牧pe悅ns吩i趙f偏te賠st周p揮il呢es蜘p岔as隸s刻co舟nt忽ro星l膊te瞇st其s?筋–禿B訪ay固es賴ia貿(mào)n甚re男g(shù)r扁es裙si豬on字a刃na染ly腰si繞sx=虹me朗as肢ur驕ed費(fèi)p猜il備e爺ca輛pa吉ci訓(xùn)ty補(bǔ)/p枝re梯di炊ct崇ed描p技il柔e紀(jì)ca仿pa惑ci營tyxfo夠ll浸ow覺s諷a犧lo欣gn盾or喪ma沒l繞di適st崖ri坑bu子ti架onEm劈燕pi洪ri鐵ca熊l挽st悉at賽is宰ti擇ca并l嶺va盼lu著es識(shí)o烘fxme恨anmst倡an美da脂rd拒d韻ev盯ia粗ti列onsTa吹ke己t傾he薯m幟ea秋nmas革a蠻v孩ar昨ia誓bl凱eA謊pi次le概p憑as饞se汁snco劍ns情ec氏ut眾iv京e叔co魂ns暫tr慕uc燒ti灰on佛t菠es燒ts培a市tx=xT,址th匆en目t珍he率p帖ro享ba愁bi首li洋ty梨t鏡ha鹽t揉al姓l孩of噸t禿hente伙st丸p功il槍es牲d套o(hù)徹no找t帳fa河il女a(chǎn)脊txTis沒(菊Zh惑an漁g,野2襖00鐮4)撞i遇sTh味e火di光st付ri泄bu嘗ti飯on物o未fxis紫t墾he勸n品up錢da因te疾dUp嫂da則te癥d惡st顯at留is獎(jiǎng)ti鏈cs粉f轉(zhuǎn)orx:脊la明rg緊erman艇d霧sm房誠al幣le累rs21HK疫US停TEx購am麗pl勾e:鑰D讓es廚ig碼n艱ba辭se誓d醋o(hù)n放a宵S汁PT厲m強(qiáng)et今ho址d予(M博ey驗(yàn)er掩ho違f悄19弄76扔)哨an鄰d性ve僚ri碗fi罩ed地b延y助pr傻oo思f女te男st抬s擁at疲t漿wi鍋ce黨t月he興d打es季ig存n才lo裝adlR=改1.拆30CO茅VR=氏0.重5022HK現(xiàn)US面TEx句am臣pl煉e:Up龜da歸te及d隔bi藝as潤(rùn)f曠ac震to睛r史an衣d鐵co被ef載fi瘦ci搞en襖t太of叛v葬ar飄ia于ti飾on勇a妻s結(jié)fu說nc遼ti艙on肆o捉f矮pi值le忙c銹ap淘ac秒it寧y23HK稱US累TCa半lc百ul堂at旦in需g等re桑si塔st患an膛ce開f勉ac妙to攏r趙ba側(cè)se聲d樸on披u慌pd翻at字ed芹p在il炊e料ca馬pa補(bǔ)ci攏ty億s治ta暢ti特st臺(tái)ic跨sCO擴(kuò)VR,曾CO椅VQD,單an效d差CO嶼VQL=貴co餃ef軌fi辨ci擴(kuò)en展ts供o泳f兄va災(zāi)ri轟at清io壇n緞of師r龜es擋is蟲ta進(jìn)nc育e育R,松d生ea兆d材lo孟ad些QD,齡an偷d甜li謊ve厘l夏oa佳d馬QL,擴(kuò)re膊sp陶ec堡ti洪ve插ly盒;lR,lQD,費(fèi)an潔dlQL=除bi邀as書f烏ac江to誤rs品o幼f呼re握si碰st工an惑ce屬,悲de鍵ad間l飯oa窮d,腹a顏nd攏l答iv脂e于lo修ad秋,禍re各sp籍ec貿(mào)ti星ve碰ly環(huán);Dan際d歇L=文lo趙ad房誠f亡ac塞to嗚rs爭(zhēng)f漫or相d柱ea聲d漁lo夜ad第a今nd免l劉iv左e寬lo炎ad道,黨re界sp師ec枕ti僑ve麻ly受;bT=覽ta產(chǎn)rg刮et候r歷el棗ia叛bi信li筐ty軋i適nd和ex24HK仇US拾TEf黎fe療ct扛o霸f招co秀ns孕tr冊(cè)u(píng)c斯ti槳on丙c得on貫tr任ol論o萬n訓(xùn)sa終fe朗ty謠f湊ac輕to柏rRe竿qu御ir否ed纏f時(shí)ac烏to牛r起of撫s宣af哈et誦y趙af批te陣r逆ve茶ri奶fi豬ca遵ti津on媽b烘y格di棄ff溪er賤en端t涂le羽ve決ls肅o說f傷co蕩ns名tr盯uc淘ti目on鍵c愧on艦tr認(rèn)ol鄰a策tbT=違2.堤025HK良US炸TRe鉛qu狗ir鳴ed哪f川ac戒to啦r狹of繪s猜af脆et閃y其af鍛te陶r歲ve從ri吊fi滔ca咐ti倍on貴b刊y劃di亦ff為er擁en想t隔le雖ve咐ls幣o昌f效co偵ns探tr惕uc裹ti烈on筑c蹦on帥tr湊ol跌a續(xù)tbT=憲2.潔5Ef私fe樂ct崖o閑f胖co紡ns爹tr碎uc鈔ti摔on件c搶on權(quán)tr乎ol溫o羽n符sa戒fe森ty份f云ac間to渠r26HK熊US刺TTh過e跪re胳qu思ir壘ed示F仇S罪ca狹n香be宰s栗ub屆st懶an既ti獵al擇ly塊r廢ed自u(píng)c德ed劇t耽hr暮ou燒gh緊c夠ar福ef睡ul釋c把on湊st斜ru淘ct殼io手n梨co綠nt源ro免l.師T技he春r隙eq象ui既re飲d瘡FS守c墻an駁b蛾e止re餃du位ce查d即fr銀om童3靠.5林0達(dá)fo乞r掠th岔e膊st榆at能ic績(jī)a貿(mào)na子ly耕si勢(shì)s亞me元th窯od勵(lì)b獵as興ed主o勢(shì)n技th敏e稿SP餃T歐to聾1技.4峽2斑atbT=笑2.占0,呀a鄉(xiāng)豐nd筐t寄o枕1.騰80兔a早tbT=巖2.勒5孫fo脊r嫂th觀e剃sa著me村a均na坑ly族si嘴s蘿th沉at耳i舍s溉ve謠ri題fi施ed麻w媽it樹h鐮tw普o元CA躺PW敞AP向a醒na金ly該se工s提pl沾us爆t陵wo茶s邁ta后ti爐c民lo猾ad事in由g撞te徐st離s.Th園e千re蜂qu丈ir圣ed值F痕S列de朝cr助ea都se俊s劇wi注th副t糊he蔥l艘ev零el繡o醉f液co農(nóng)ns犧tr荷uc輝ti傾on吃c群on梅tr班ol辨.劇Fo絨r忙in秧st耳an軌ce喂,剖us評(píng)in診g交th明e膏SP覺T縫me瓜th正od川,裳th輝e哄re壩qu予ir修ed筋F岔Ss承t擁o霸re哥ac桿hbT=位2.拿5印ar頸e答2.佛24茂,僅2.爺03好a癢nd落1斯.8財(cái)0,松r問es或pe菊ct次iv虎el撐y寬af先te稅r南ve然ri禿fi火ca肯ti集on河b曉y焦tw騎o臘PD淘A疫te喜st眨s,銜t黨wo效s宗ta蝦ti搖c械lo徑ad叼in蹲g福te抹st泊s,娃a尖nd盡t哨wo映P閑DA勁t贏es川ts畝p菊lu些s賞tw夸o稼st門at始ic翅l容oa撈di抖ng棟t寇es純ts圍.Th蹤蝶e送re亦qu鎖ir仔ed疤F咸Ss勢(shì)f泰or氏d用if擦fe劃re躁nt綢d棗es褲ig餃n池me噴th概od擇s宰to僵r寧ea鴨ch恭t價(jià)he擊r蠶eq受ui尼re幟d烈ta苦rg乒et探r袖el奧ia廢bi嘩li姥ty恰a燭re圾d滾if便fe茶re休nt永b呆ec阻au柱se酒e牲ac膠h禁me走th堂od牲i慢s尿as伸so籍ci襪at戴ed臭w襖it祥h鐵di海ff劉er菠en硬t規(guī)bi紋as硬a義nd寒C觀OV穴.機(jī)Th大us瞞i拘t旦is澇n患o(jì)t汁r票ea證so冒na篇bl若e相to閉s補(bǔ)pe覺ci避fy劃t序he蕉s森am既e枯FS撲f特or冤d槍if衣fe竄re嫂nt侄d泉es脹ig稅n識(shí)me附th通od索s茄if嘉t括he潛se責(zé)d決es壩ig販n茄me匠th也od員s巨ar雀e需no竹t態(tài)su標(biāo)ff俗ic每ie臨nt懶l(wèi)y憑v蜻er搞if指ie立d厘by譜c旁on籌tr糠ol樓t底es鋪ti刮ng胞.Af紐奉te勇r赤ve炸ri搖fi融ed尺b綿y鼓su畜ff從ic俊ie畢nt支c厲on狼st抄ru富ct描io喝n億co異nt扇ro研l(wèi)兔te年st糾in汗g,椒t們he站r蜜eq其ui碧re降d蠟FS蓬s謀fo乞r復(fù)di迎ff井er禍en描t勝de菊si霜gn席m辯et白ho談ds馳a漿re訴n方ot母s腥en密si劃ti晨ve搖t齡o磨th琴e土ac汁cu多ra勞cy曉o嗎f插th欄e港in池di總vi繁du城al戴m震et桶ho全ds咽.馳Fo菠r詳ex毒am驅(qū)pl瓦e,塘t紗he瓦r讓eq筍ui阻re病d炒FS幣s臂fo驗(yàn)r淺th瘡e敢fi見ve道d拐es擾ig例n革me趨th打od桑s辟af蛙te趙r恒ve的ri袍fi沙ca態(tài)ti素on暑b尖y使tw究o對(duì)PD諸A窗te爛st墾s共pl趣us薦t努wo既s交ta瀉ti挑c偵lo憑ad運(yùn)in打g勤te近st悲s腦fa共ll努i色nt款o住na庸rr謎ow拳r召an氧ge質(zhì)s肢1.渠44符-1浮.5刮5窩an源d競(jìng)1.刑80嚴(yán)-1暈.8別8.27HK盛US起TEf訪fe厲ct燭o巴f說co犯ns利tr矛uc染ti驚on母c粥on頑tr膠ol油o房誠n糾re甲si瓦st炮an僵ce育f土ac礎(chǔ)to序rRe扯qu掘ir吊ed勸r秘es貝is雖ta秋nc管e稅fa煉ct掏or過a牌ft訊er癢v振er求if米ic覽at刮io滿n骨by域d晉if灰fe姿re照nt名l征ev藝el短s弱of撫c欠on兩st煩ru莖ct眉io森n競(jìng)co誕nt勝ro司l煤atbT=柄2.跪528HK犧US厭TTh哥e垮re拆qu事ir策edfin右cr坐ea果se器s鉛wi鐘th喜t旦he懇l但ev割el熄o報(bào)f槳co鹿ns昌tr鐵uc葡ti拋on皺c閘on投tr惱ol豆.臣Fo奮r賣th丑e孝de創(chuàng)si揚(yáng)gn題b盾as疊ed優(yōu)o頂n叫th轟e猛SP擇T玻me弦th科od筐,計(jì)th售e間re柱qu你ir車edfaf機(jī)te土r漫ve掛ri紅fi你ca模ti屑o(jì)n趕b隔y懷tw還o殃P(guān)D雜A艇te妨st頸s惡on距l(xiāng)y星,怕tw減o分st久at執(zhí)ic用l滔oa蕉di線ng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