2023學(xué)年完整公開課版主謂一致 -

agreement主謂一致Theboy_____diving.They_____diving.BothJackandTim_____diving.Allofthem_____diving.NeitherJacknorTim_____walking.isareareisareFinishthefollowingexercises:BobBob_____aworker.isMike

MikeandBob_____workers.areBothMikeandBob_______workers.areNeitherMikenorBob_______ateacher.isBillNeither

ofthem_______(know)howtoteachEnglish.knows/knowAllofthem______workers.Noneofthem___________(know)howtoteachEnglish.areknows/knowSubjectVerbAgreement主謂一致的三個原則:

語法一致、就近一致、意義一致Summarizetherulesofsubject-verbagreement:(一）謂語動詞為單數(shù)的情況

1.由and連接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出現(xiàn)。Theworkerandwriter

isfromWuhan.那個工人兼作家

cf:theworkerandthewriterarefromBeijing.那位工人和那位作家

BreadandbutterisadailyfoodintheWest.

.2．every…and(every)…,each…and(each…,no…and(no)…,manya…and(manya)…連接兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語。

Everydeskandeverychairismadeofwood.

Manyaboyandgirlhasmadethesamemistake.

3．one/everyone/each/either/thenumber+of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語

Eachofthestudentshasabook.

Thenumberofstudentsinourclassis50．我們班學(xué)生的數(shù)量是50人。Thenumberofpagesinthisbookis60．這本書有60頁。4．clothing,furniture,traffic,jewellery,baggage,equipment,luggage等無生命的集合名詞作主語。

Clothingisbadlyneededinthisfloodedarea.

5．以s結(jié)尾的詞，但表示學(xué)科、國家、機構(gòu)、書籍、報刊等名稱作主語。

MathsphysicsSwissUnitedstates

6．表示時間、距離、金錢等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，表達一個整體概念時

Twentyyearshaspassedsincehelefthishometown.

7．由any-,some-,no-和-one,-thing,-body等所構(gòu)成的不定代詞作主語。Somethingiswrongwithyourbike.Nobodyknowstheanswer.

8．非謂語動詞、名詞性從句作主語

Collectingstampsiswhathelikes.

Whateverwasleftwastakenaway.

9.單數(shù)名詞、抽象名詞、物質(zhì)名詞作主語。

（二）謂語動詞為復(fù)數(shù)的情況

1．由and連接的兩個并列成分表示兩個不同的概念。

Bothbreadandbutteraresoldout.

2．people,police,cattle等有生命的集體名詞作主語。

Thepolicearelookingforthemissingchild.

3．由山脈、群島、瀑布、運動會等s結(jié)尾的專有名詞作主語。

TheOlympicGames

are

heldonceeveryfouryears.

4.anumberof/quantitiesof/agroupof+名詞作主語

Anumberofstudentsareplantingtreesonthehill．許多學(xué)生在小山上植樹。Anumberofsheepareeatinggrassonthehill．Thegroup____madeofninestudents.Thegroup____dancinghappily.isare(三)謂語動詞單、復(fù)數(shù)視情況而定Theteam____somegoodplayers.(have)Theteam____handsome.(be)hasare

Groupdiscussion:Canyoufindoutthegrammarrules?由集體名詞，如group,family,class,government,team,public,enemy,crowd,company,audience,club,party,crew，army,majority等作主語時,如果看成一個整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式,如果看成其中各成員，則用復(fù)數(shù)形式注意：集體名詞為

people,police,cattle，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式e.g.Thepolicearesearchingforthethief.

2．kind,sort,pair，type+名詞作主語，以這些名詞本身的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。

3.all,none,some,any等不定代詞作主語，根據(jù)其指代的內(nèi)容而定。

Allsthdents

arepresent.

Allthefoodtastesgood.

4.half/most/enough/part/therest/thelast/lots/plenty/分數(shù)、百分數(shù)+of+名詞作主語

Tenpercentofthestudentsareabsenttoday.今天有10%的學(xué)生缺席。Fiftypercentoftheworkhasbeenfinished...50%的工作已經(jīng)完成。就近一致原則

由or,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso等連接的并列主語，謂語動詞常和靠近的作主語的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致。

NotonlyhebutalsoIam

invited.

Neithermyglovesnormyhatgoeswiththedress.

Aor

B

NotAbut

B

EitherAor

B

NeitherAnor

B

Not

onlyAbutalso

B

Verb

HereThere+Verb

AandB

A,BandCe.g.Tomisoneofthestudentswhogoodatplayingfootball.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswho

goodatplayingfootball.

areis[注意]在“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語從句中謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；但是若前有theonly,將其限定為只有一個時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式therestof的后面可以接可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，做主語時，后面動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定。1.Therestofthemoney______(be)giventohisson.2.Therestofthesailors______(be)missing.3.Therestoftheapple______(be)thrownaway.4.Therestoftheapples_______(be)senttothenursinghome.waswaswerewereThegiftisusedtohavewesternmeals.Whatisit?aknifeandforkAknifeandfork

___usedtohavemeals.is2.[考例]:Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks___tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveofferedE-mail,aswellastelephones,___animportantpartindailycommunication.(上海’90)

A.isplayingB.haveplayedC.areplayingD.playNobodybutJane___thesecret.(MET’86)A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown

當主語后有aswellas,asmuchas,nolessthan,alongwith,with,like,ratherthan,togetherwith,besides,inadditionto,but,except,including,among,nomorethan等引起的短語作后置定語時,謂語動詞的形式視前面主語的單復(fù)數(shù)而定.就遠一致原則Theteacherwithanumberofstudents

is

intheclassroom.

Choosethebestone1.ClassFour

eightystudents.(has\have)2.ClassFour

listeningtome.(is\are)3.NotonlyIbutalsoshe

studyingatthistimeyesterday.(was\were)4.BothIandshe

lookingattheblackboard.(is\are)5.Physics

hardtolearn.(is\are)6.

tenminutesenoughforyoutodotheexercises?(Is\Are)7.Allofyou

studyinghardatEnglish.(is\are)8.Myglasses

onmynose.(is\are)9.There

apenandmanybooksonthedesk.(is\are)hasarewasareisIsareareis高考鏈接1.Asaresultofdestroyingtheforests,alarge_____ofdesert_____coveredtheland.(上海2001）number;hasB.quantity;hasC.number;haveD.quantity;have

精析：alargenumberof后面要接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，所以A不能作為答案．因為desert是單數(shù)，所以要填has．這句話的意思是“毀壞森林的結(jié)果是，大片沙漠覆蓋了陸地”.答案B2.____ofthelandinthatdistrict____coveredwithtreesandgrass.(上海2000)Twofifth,isB.Twofifth,areC.Twofifths,isD.Twofifths,are精析:

分數(shù)的分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞表示.如果分子大于1,序數(shù)詞后加-s.分數(shù)和百分比作主語時,謂語動詞的形式取決于分數(shù)和百分數(shù)后面的名詞.句子中的主語land是單數(shù),所以謂語動詞要用iscovered.答案C.3Eachofthestudents,workinghardathisorherlessons,____togotouniversity.SodoI.（全國1998）hopesB.hopeC.hopingD.dohope精析：這句話的主語是Eachofthestudents，是單數(shù)，所以要hopes選作謂語?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語workinghardathisorherlessons作狀語，表示伴隨的情況。有的考生盲目地把lessons當成了主語，填寫了hope，發(fā)生了錯誤。本題的譯文：每一個努力學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生都想上大學(xué)。我也是。答案A。4.____peopleintheworldaresendinginformationbye-maileveryday.（上海2001）A.SeveralmillionB.ManymillionsC.SeveralmillionsD.Manymillion精析：在Million前如果有具體的數(shù)字或several等詞時，要用單數(shù)形式。Many一般不與million等詞連用，表示“數(shù)百萬”，英語為millionsof。這句話的意思是“每天，世界上有幾十萬人通過e-mail傳遞信息?！贝鸢窤。1．Oneortwodays____enoughtoseethecity．A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．be2．NeithermywifenorImyself____abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind．A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．beExercises:3．NotonlyIbutalsoJanea