2022年湖北省荊州市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級真題(含答案)

2022年湖北省荊州市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級真題(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.Natural-gasVehicles

KermittheFrogoncesaid,"It'snotthateasybeingreen."Althoughhewasn'treferringtocars,hisobservationseemsparticularlyappropriatefortheautoindustrytoday:Designing,developingandmarketing"green"carshasnotbeenaneasytask,whichiswhygasoline-poweredvehiclesstillruletheroadandfossilfuelsstillaccountforalmost75percentoftheworld'senergyconsumption.Asgasolinepricessoarandconcernoverharmfulemissionmounts,however,carsthatrunonalternatefuelsourceswillbecomeincreasinglyimportant.Anatural-gasvehicle,orNGV,istheperfectexampleofsuchacar--it'sfuel-efficient,environmentallyfriendlyandoffersarelativelylowcostofownership.

NaturalGasBasics

Theword"gas"isaconfusingtermbecauseitisusedtodescribemanydifferentsubstancesthataresimilarbutnotexactlythesame.Forexample,the"gas"youputinyourcarisgasoline,onecomponentofcrudeoil,orpetroleum.Petroleumisadark,stickyliquidmixtureofcompoundsformedundergroundbythedecayofancientmarineanimals.

Naturalgasalsocomesfromthedecayofancientorganisms,butitnaturallytakesagaseousform.insteadofaliquidform.Naturalgascommonlyoccursinassociationwithcrudeoil.Itisderivedfrombothlandplantsandaquatic(水生的)organicmatterandformsaboveorbelowoildeposits.Itisoftendissolvedincrudeoilatthehighpressuresexistinginareservoir.Therearealsoreservoirsofnaturalgas,knownasnon-associatedgas,thatcontainonlygasandnooil.

Naturalgasconsistsprimarilyofmethane(沼氣)andotherhydrocarbongases.Hydrocarbonsareorganiccompoundscomposedonlyoftheelementscarbonandhydrogen.Thehydrocarbonsinnaturalgasarecalledsaturatedhydrocarbonsbecausetheycontainhydrogenandcarbonboundtogetherbysinglebonds.

Likegasoline,naturalgasiscombustible(易燃的),whichmeansitcanbeusedinacombustionenginelikegasoline.Butcarsthatcouldburnnaturalgasdidn'tappearonthesceneuntilthe1930s.

FromFieldtoFord

Weextractnaturalgastrappedinundergroundreservoirsbydrillingwellsintotheearth.Amodernwell.equippedwithdiamond-studdeddrillbits,candrilltodepthsapproaching25.000feet.

Throughoutthe19thcentury,theuseofnaturalgasremainedlocalizedbecausetherewasnowaytotransportlargequantitiesofgasoverlongdistances,in1890,theinventionofaleakproofpipelinecouplingmadeitpossibletotransportgasmilesfromthesource.Improvementsinpipelinetechnologycontinuedoverthenexttwodecadesuntillong-distancegastransmissionbecamepractical.From1927to1931,,laborersconstructedmorethant0majornaturalgastransmissionsystemsintheUnitedStates,makingnaturalgasaviableenergysourceformanyapplications.Theoilshortagesofthelate1960sandearly1970sbroughtrenewedinterestinnaturalgasasafuelsource,especiallyforautomobiles.

Today,ownersofnatural-gasvehiclescanfilluptheircarsatoneof1,300fuelingstationslocatedintheUnitedStates.Hondaalsooffersapersonalnaturalgaspumptopeoplewhopurchaseitsnatural-gas-poweredCivic.Thepumpusesahome'sexistingnaturalgaslinesandcanbeinstalledfor$500to$1500.

Natural-gasVehicleDesign

Natural-gasvehiclesusethesamebasicprinciplesasgasoline-poweredvehicles.Inotherwords,thefuel(naturalgasinthiscase)ismixedwithairinthecylinderofafour-strokeengineandthenignitedbyasparkplugtomoveapiston(活塞)upanddown.Althoughtherearesomedifferencesbetweennaturalgasandgasolineintermsofflamabilityandignitiontemperatures,NGVsthemselvesoperateonthesamefundamentalconceptsasgasoline-poweredvehicles.

Still,some

A.YB.NC.NG

2.IsCollegeReallyWorththeMoney?

TheRealWorld

EsteGriffithhaditallfiguredout.WhenshegraduatedfromtheUniversityofPittsburghinApril2001,shehadhersightssetononething:workingforalaborunion.

Therealworldhadotherideas.Griffithleftschoolwithnotonlyadegreebutaboatloadofdebt.Sheowed$15,000instudentloansandhadrackedup$4.000increditcarddebtforbooks,groceriesandotherexpenses.Nolaborunionjobcouldpayenoughtobailherout.

SoGriffithwenttoworkinsteadforaWashington.D.C.firmthatspecializesineconomicdevelopment.Problemsolved?Nope.Atage24.shetakeshomeabout$1.800amonth.$1.200ofwhich-disappearstopayhertent.Addanother$t80amonthtoretireherstudentloansand$300amonthtowhittledownhercreditcardbalance."Youdothemath."shesays.

Griffithhaspracticallynomoneytoliveon.Shebrown-bags(自帶午餐)herlunchandbikestowork.Aboveall,shefearsshe'llneverownahouseorbeabletoretire.It'snotthatsheregretsgettingherdegree."Buttheydon'ttellyouthatthetrade-offisthenexttenyearsofyourincome."shesays

That'spreciselythedealbeingmadebymoreandmorecollegestudents.They'remortgagingtheirfuturestomeetsoaringtuitioncostsandothercollegeexpenses.LikeGriffith.they'refacingaone-twopunchatgraduation:hefty(沉重的)studentloansandsmotheringcreditcarddebtnottomentionajobmarketthat,fornowanyway,isdismal.

"Weareforcingourchildrentomakeachoicebetweentwoevils."saysElizabethWarren.aHarvardLawprofessorandexpertonbankruptcy."Skipcollegeandfacealifeofdiminishedopportunity,orgotocollegeendfacealifeshackled(束縛)bydebt."

TuitionHikes

Forsometime.collegeshaveinsistedtheirsteeptuitionhikesareneededtopayforcutting-edgetechnologies,facultyandadministrationsalaries,endrisinghealthcarecosts.Nowthere'sanewculprit(犯人):shrinkingstatesupport.Caughtinaseverebudgetcrunch,manystateshavesharplyscaledbacktheirfundingforhighereducation.

Someonehadtomakeupforthoselostdollars.Andyoucanguesswho---especiallyifyouliveinMassachusetts,whichlastyearhikeditstuitionandfeesby24percent,afterfundingdroppedby3percent,orinMissouri,whereappropriations(撥款)fellbyt0percent,buttuitionroseatdoublethatrate.Aboutone-thirdofthestates,infact,haveincreasedtuitionandfeesbymorethen10percent.

OneofthosestatesisCalifornia,andJanetBurrell'sfamilyisfeelingthepalmAbookkeepermTorrance,BurrellhasadaughterattheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavis.Meanwhile,hersonsattendtwo-yearcollegesbecauseBurrellcan'taffordtohavealloftheminfour-yearschoolsatonce.

Meanwhile,evenwithtuitionhikes,California'scommunitycollegesaresostrappedforcashtheydroppedthousandsofclasseslastspring.Theresult:54,000fewerstudents.

CollapsingInvestments

Manyfamiliesthoughttheyhadasurefireplan:eveniftuitionkeptskyrocketing,theyhadinvestedenoughmoneyalongthewaytomeetthecosts.ThenafunnythinghappenedonthewaytoWallStreet.Thoseinvestmentscollapsedwiththestockmarket.Amongtheloserslastyear:thewildlypopular"529"plans--federaltax-exemptcollegesavingsplansofferedbyindividualstates,whichhaveattractedbillionsfromfamiliesaroundthecountry."Wehearfr0mmanyparentsthatwhattheyhadsetasidedeclinedinvaluesomuchthattheynowdon'thaveenoughtoseetheirstudentsthrough,"saysPennStatefinancialaiddirectorAnnaGriswold,whowitnesseda10percentincreaseinloanapplicationslastyear.Evenwithamarketthatmaybeslowlyrecovering,itwilltaketime,perhap

A.YB.NC.NG

3.TheScienceofLastingHappiness

ThedayImeetSonjaLyubomirsky,shekeepsgettingcallsfromherToyota,Priusdealer.Whenshefinallypicksup,sheisexcitedbythenews：shecanbuythecarshewantsintwodays.Lyubomirskywondersifherenthusiasmmightcomeacrossasmaterialism,butIunderstandthatsheisbuyinganexperienceasmuchasapossession.Twoweekslater,inlateJanuary,the40-year-oldLyubomirsky,whosmilesoftenandseemstoapproachlifewithzestandgoodhumor,reportsthatsheis"totallylovingthePrius".Butwillthefeelingwearoffsoonafterthenew-carsmell,orwillitlast,makinganaturallyhappypersonevenmoreso?

ThePossibilityofLastingHappiness

Anexperimentalpsychologistinvestigatingthepossibilityoflastinghappiness,Lyubomirskyunderstandsfarbetterthanmostofusthefollyofpinningourhopesonanewcar--oronanygoodfortunethatcomesourway.Wetendtoadapt,quicklyreturningtoourusuallevelofhappiness.Theclassicexampleofsuch"hedonicadaptatiou"(享樂適應(yīng))comesfroma1970sstudyoflotterywinners,whoendedupnohappierthannonwinnersayear.aftertheirwindfall(意外橫財).Hedonicadaptationhelpstoexplainwhyevenchangesinmajorlifecircumstances--suchasincome,marriage,physicalhealthandwherewelive--dosolittletoboostouroverallhappiness.Notonlythat,butstudiesoftwinsandadopteeshaveshownthatabout50percentofeachperson'shappinessisdeterminedfrombirth.This"geneticsetpoint"alonemakesthehappinessglasslookhalfempty,becauseanyupwardswinginhappinessseemsdoomedtofallbacktonearyourbaseline."There'sbeenatensioninthefield,"explainsLyubomirsky'smaincollaborator,psychologistKennonM.SheldonoftheUniversityofMissouri-Columbia."Somepeoplewereassumingyoucanaffecthappinessif,forexample,youpickedtherightgoals,buttherewasallthisliteraturethatsuggesteditwasimpossible,thatwhatgoesupmustcomedown."

TheHappinessPie

Lyubomirsky,Sheldonandanotherpsychologist,DavidA.SchkadeoftheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,puttheexistingfindingstogetherintoasimplepiechartshowingwhatdetermineshappiness.Halfthepieisthegeneticsetpoint.Thesmallestsliceiscircumstances,whichexplainonlyabout10percentofpeople'sdifferencesinhappiness.Sowhatistheremaining40percent?"Becausenobodyhadputittogetherbefore,that'sunexplained,"Lyubomirskysays.Butshebelievesthatwhenyoutakeawaygenesandcircumstances,whatisleftbesideserrormustbe"intentionalactivity",mentalandbehavioralstrategiestocounteractadaptation'sdownwardpull.

Lyubomirskyhasbeenstudyingtheseactivitiesinhopesoffindingoutwhetherandhowpeoplecanstayabovetheirsetpoint.Intheory,thatispossibleinmuchthesamewayregulardietandexercisecankeepathletes'weightbelowtheirgeneticsetpoints.ButbeforeLyubomirskybegan,therewas"ahugevacuumofresearchonhowtoincreasehappiness",shesays.Thelotterystudyinparticular"madepeopleshyawayfrominterventions",explainseminentUniversityofPennsylvaniapsychologistMartinE.P.Seligman,thefatherofpositivepsychologyandamentortoLyubomirsky.Whensciencehadscrutinized(細(xì)察)happinessatall,itwasmainlythroughcorrelationalstudies,whichcannottellwhatcamefirst--thehappinessorwhatitislinkedto--letalonedeterminethecauseandeffect.Findingoutthatindividualswithstrongsocialtiesaremoresatisfiedwiththeirlivesthanloners,forexample,begsthequestionofwhetherfriendsmakeushappierorwhetherhappypeoplearesimplylikeliertoseekandattractfriends.

Lyubemirsky'sResearch

Lyubomirskybeganstudyinghappinessasagraduatestudentin1989afteranintriguingconversationwithheradviser,StanfordUniversitypsychologistLeeD.Ro

A.YB.NC.NG

4.

NGVsaren'tasroomyasgasolinecarsbecausetheyhavetogiveupcargoandtrunkspacetoaccommodatethe__________________.

5.

Warner,wantstousetheInternettoreachviewersinsteadofdependingoncablenetworksandlocalTVstations.

A.YB.NC.NG

6.

Mostpeople,includingthosewhoareagainstcloningresearch,owetheirlivesto______.

7.

Takingenoughcaffeinecanhelptorelievethepainwhenyouaresufferingamigraineheadache.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

Womenaremorethantwiceaslikelyasmentosufferfromdepression.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.

Depressionmightbethecauseof______.

10.Thevolunteersweresurprisedatthefactthatineverydaydecision-making,people'sbeliefsareoften______.

11.

Thewater(orsnow)canbecomeacidifiedwhenapollutantcombineswith______intheair.

12.

Manyfishesareabletoaltertheircolorationonlytocamouflagethemselves.

A.YB.NC.NG

13.

Wecancutdownglobalwarmingpollutionbyincreasingourrelianceonrenewableenergysourcesuchas______.

14.

AccordingtoMaryClaireAllvine,acertifiedfinancialplannerinChicagoandAtlanta,coupleswhocaremuchaboutday-to-daybudgetingdetailsareusuallythemostsuccessfulwiththeirmoney.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.

TheDreamertypeneverspendslonghoursinfrontofadesk.

A.YB.NC.NG

16.

Buildingawater-conservingsocietyisindispensableinguaranteeingChina'ssustainabledevelopment.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

Toomanygrammarandspellingmistakesarelikelytoleadtoa______.

18.TeresaFishmanbelievesthat______.

A.itisacceptableforunsignedinformationhangingincyberspace

B.itisnecessaryforunsignedinformationsignedincyberspace

C.itisreasonableforstudentstotakeinformationunsigned

D.itisadvisableforanyonetotakeinformationunsignedfreely

19.

Foranexam,thecrammeralwayschoosetowaituntil______.

20.

IfGoogleassuresprivacybydestroyinguserdata,thiswouldnegativelyinfluenceits______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.

【B5】

22.(30)

A.Husbandshavetosharepowerwiththeirwivesandhelpwiththehousework.

B.Olderwomenarenotimportantandlivealoneaftertheirhusbands'deaths.

C.Familystructureismorecomplicatedinthenuclearfamily.

D.Womenhavetohelpsisters,grandparentswithhouseworkandchildren.

23.

【B4】

24.

【B7】

25.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：M:Sorry,Ican'tgojoggingwithyoutoday.Thereseemstobesomethingwrongwithmyknee.

W:You'dbettergetitcheckedoutrightaway;itmightdevelopintosomethingserious.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

(12)

A.Runlaterthatday.

B.Consultadoctor.

C.Letherexaminehisknee.

D.Givehiskneearest.

26.(21)

A.Shedidn'tyieldtochildrencrossingtheroad.

B.Sheparkedillegallyneartheschool.

C.Sheexceededthespeedlimit.

D.Shewasdrunk-driving.

27.聽力原文：W:Ineedtofindababysittertotakecareofmyson．DoyouknowMrs．Peterson?Iheardsheisusuallyavailableatweekdays．

M:Well，Iknowthatbabysitter．ButthebestIcansayforherisshehasagreatfantasytotheTVinherlivingroom．

Q:WhatdoesthemanimplyaboutMrs．Peterson?

(16)

A.Hedoesn'tknowheratall.

B.Hewon'trecommendhertothewoman.

C.Heneedstohireherforhisson.

D.Hehasaskedhertoworkforhimatweekdays.

28.聽力原文：W:Ican'tbeartheairpollutioninthiscityanymore.It'sgettingworseandworse.Theskylooksgreymostofthetime.

M:Yousaidit!We'veneverhadsomanyfactoriesbefore.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(19)

A.Hemightmovetoanothercityverysoon.

B.Thewoman'sexaggeratingtheseriousnessofthepollution.

C.Theairpollutioniscausedbythedevelopmentofindustry.

D.Thecitywaspoorbecausetherewasn'tmuchindustrythen.Questions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

29.(35)

A.Farmers.B.Politicians.C.Accountants.D.Clerks.

30.(16)

A.Hedoesn'tthinktheyareallowedtospeak.

B.Hedoesn'tknowwhat'shappeningoutside.

C.Hewasonlytalkingtohimself.

D.Hethinksit'stoonoisytotalknow.

31.(22)

A.Hecan'tfindenoughinformationforhisresearchpaper.

B.Hecan'tsleepatnight.

C.Hecan'tfindaquietplacetostudy.

D.Hecan'tnarrowdownhisresearchtopic.

32.

【B11】

33.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Takingyourdogonvacationmayhavebeen【B1】______adecadeago,buttodayit'sfree.

【B2】______thepet-friendlyhotel,wheredogsarejustpartofthefamily,theLoewsMiamiBeachhashadmorethan1,200【B3】______guestssofarthisyear.Dogs,likekids,stayfreethere.

Alotofpeoplejustwanttotravelwiththeiranimals,sothehotel【B4】______.gueststocomewiththeirpets.Thehotelhasaspecial【B5】______forthemfromthetimetheyenterthedoortillthetimetheyleave.

Therearefreshgrapesbythepoolforthediscerningdogandacupoficecubesforthehotdog.Anddon'tforgetthespecialdoggiedinnermenu.Thehotelkitchen【B6】______tocaninesaswellastheirmasters.Themostpopulardogdishisa【B7】______ofbeef,vegetablesandflee.It'sreallygreat.【B8】______,thepeoplefoodisevenbetter.

【B9】______.Someofthemdon'thavechildren,andthedogsmayfillthatgapforthem.【B10】______.Butwhatpetwouldn'twanttobewelcomedbacktoawelcomemealthatincludesanall-beefhamburgerbone?

【B11】______.

【B1】

34.(31)

A.Theyfoundwaystospeedupthereproductionofbaldeagles.

B.Theydevelopednewtypesoffeedforbabybaldeagles.

C.Theyexplorednewwaystohatchbabybaldeagles.

D.TheybroughtinbaldeaglesfromCanada.

35.(38)

36.

【B2】

37.聽力原文：W:Howdoyoufindyournewapartment?

M:Well,it'squitenicereally,althoughI'mhavingahardtimegettingusedtosuchabigbuilding.

Q:Whatistheman'sproblem?

(13)

A.Hecan'tfindhisnewbuilding.

B.He'snotsatisfiedwiththebigapartment.

C.He'snotaccustomedtothelargebuilding.

D.He'shavingahardtimefindinganapartment.

38.(46)

39.聽力原文：W:Oh,thisisabeautifulcity.I'mreallygladI'vebroughtmycamera.

M:Yes,therearelotsofthingstotakepicturesofhere.ButIhopeyouwillnotplantospendallyourtimesnapping.Ihavesomefriendswhowouldliketomeetyou.

Q:Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?

(15)

A.Tovisitmoreplacesinthecity.

B.Tosnapasmanypicturesaspossible.

C.Totakegoodcareofhercamera.

D.Tosparesometimetomeethisfriends.

40.聽力原文：W:Alexander,youspeakquitegoodEnglish.Howdidyoulearnaforeignlanguagesowell?YouknowEnglishisreallyaheadacheforme.Ijustdon'tknowhowtolearnitwell.

M:Well,whenlearningaforeignlanguage,Iwouldsurroundmyselfinthelanguage,thetargetlanguage,thatIwantedtolearn.

W:Surroundoneselfinthelanguage?Ithinkitisdifficulttodothat.Canyouexplainhowyoudoit?

M:Uh,forexample,Iwouldwatchamovieinthatlanguage,uh,whichwouldhelpmekeepmotivatedtolearnvocabularyandphrases.

W:Thatsoundsinteresting.

M:Yeah,you'llhavealotoffunbydoingso.

W:Isee.Alittlehitofpracticeeverydayisveryimportanttolanguagelearning.

M:Yes.Regularpracticeisalsobetterthanpracticingalotinoneday.Learningalanguagewellneedspatienceandperseverance.

W:Thenwhatelsedidyoudotolearnaforeignlanguage?

M:Well,Iwouldkeepasituationalnotebook.

W:Whatisthatusedfor?

M:Ur,forexample,inarestaurant,youuseacertainphraseoverandoveragain,andsoifyoucanrememberjustoneparticularphraseineachsetting,thenyoucanimmediatelyspeakthatlanguageandhavemoreconfidenceandyougetmoreoutoflearningthelanguage,Ithink.

W:Really?I'lltrythat.Thankyouforyouradvice.

M:You'rewelcome.

(23)

A.He'sofferingsomesuggestionsaboutlearningforeignlanguages.

B.He'saskingthewomanforhelptoimprovehisEnglish.

C.He'sdiscussingwiththewomanhowtolistentoalanguageregularly.

D.He'stalkingabouttheimportanceoftakingnotesinforeignlanguageslearning.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Whydoestheauthorthinkthatinterdisciplinarystudiesareimportant?

42.Wecanbeginourdiscussionof"populationasglobalissue"withwhatmostpersonsmeanwhentheydiscuss"thepopulationproblem":toomanypeopleonearthandatoorapidincreaseinthenumberaddedeachyear.Thefactsarenotindispute;itwasquiterighttoemploytheanalogythatlikeneddemographicgrowthto"along,thinpowderfusethatburnssteadilyandhaltinglyuntilitfinallyreachesthechargeandexplodes".

Tounderstandthecurrentsituation,whichischaracterizedbyrapidincreasesinpopulation,itisnecessarytounderstandthehistoryofpopulationtrends.Rapidgrowthisacomparativelyrecentphenomenon.Lookingbackatthe8,000yearsofdemographichistory,wefindthatpopulationshavebeenvirtuallystableorgrowingveryslightlyformostofhumanhistory.Formostofourancestors,lifewashard,oftennasty,andveryshort.Therewashighfertilityinmostplaces,butthiswasusuallybalancedbyhighmortality.Formostofhumanhistory,itwasseldomthecasethatoneintenpersonswouldlivepastforty,whileinfancyandchildhoodWereespeciallyriskyperiods.Often,societieswereincleardangerofextinctionbecausedeathratescouldexceedtheirbirthrates.Thus,thepopulationproblemthroughoutmostofhistorywashowtopreventextinctionofthehumanrace.

Thispatternisimportanttonotice.Notonlydoesitputthecurrentproblemsofdemographicgrowthintoahistoricalperspective,butitsuggeststhatthecauseofrapidincreaseinpopulationinrecentyearsisnotasuddenenthusiasmformorechildren,butanimprovementintheconditionsthattraditionallyhavecausedhighmortality.

Demographichistorycanbedividedintotwomajorperiods:atimeoflong,slowgrowthwhichextendedfromabout8000B.C.tillapproximately1650A.D.Inthefirstperiodofsome9,600years,thepopulationincreasedfromsome8millionto500millionin1650.Between1650and1975,thepopulationhasincreasedfrom500milliontomorethan4billion.Andthepopulationreached6.2billionthroughouttheworldbytheyear2000.Onewaytoappreciatethisdramaticdifferenceinsuchabstractnumbersistoreducethetimeframe.tosomethingthatismoremanageable.Between8000B.C.and1650,anaverageofonly50,000parsonswasbeingaddedannuallytotheworld'spopulation.Atpresent,thisnumberisaddedeverysixhours.Theincreaseisabout80,000,000personsannually.

Theword"demographic"(Line4,Para.1)means______.

A.statisticsofhuman

B.surroundingsstudy

C.accumulationofhuman

D.developmentofhuman

43.

Themainproblempeoplemayencountertodayarisesfromthefactthatthey______.

A.havetolearnnewthingsconsciously

B.lacktheconfidenceofsecuringreliableandtrustworthyinformation

C.havedifficultyobtainingtheneededinformationreadily

D.canhardlycarryoutcasualcommunicationswithanextendedfamily

44.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Negotiating—acomplexprocessevenbetweenpartiesfromthesamenation—isevenmorecomplicatedininternationaltransactionsbecauseoftheaddedchanceofmisunderstandingsstemmingfromculturaldifferences.Itisessentialtounderstandtheimportanceofrankintheothercountry;toknowwhothedecisionmakersare;tobefamiliarwiththebusinessstyle.oftheforeigncompany;andtounderstandthenatureofagreementsinthecountry,thesignificanceofgestures,andnegotiatingetiquette.Theseculturaldifferencesleadtoverydifferentstyle.ofcontractnegotiation.

ThereareenormousculturaldifferencesbetweenAsiaandtheUnitedStates.TheclassicdifferenceisthatinAsia,thegoodfaithhumanrelationshipbetweenthepartiesiscentral.IntheUnitedStates,onthewhole,thereisagreaterefforttohavepreciselegaldescriptionsofeverythingthatmighthappen,resolvingeveryparticulartypeofdisputethatcanbepredictedinadvance.Thus,duringnegotiations,theUnitedStatespartyfrequentlylikestohavealawyerpresentandtendstobelessreadytouseasituationofsimplenegotiationbetweentheprincipals.

ThisdocsnotmeanthatconceptsofgoodfaithandgoodfaithrelationshipbetweenthepartiestoacontractarenottakenseriouslyintheWest,butitdoesmeanthatinthelegaltraditionwearelookedforwardtospellingoutalltheprecisedetailsandyoushouldnotbesurprisedifyourWesternpartnerasksyoutodothat.ThereisagoodfaithobligationaspartofnormalcontractlawundertheUnitedStatesandEuropeanlaw.

Acontractisalegallybindingagreementwhichthecourtswillenforce.Thisdefinition,likesalldefinitions,,isnotperfect,butitdoesemphasizethemostimportantelementinallcontracts—agreement,Allcontractsareagreements,althoughnotallagreementsarecontracts.

Sowithoutagreementtherecanbenocontract.ButhowdoyouprovetheexistenceofagreementwhichisreallynomorethanastateofmindofEnglishjudges,whoaremoreinterestedinpracticalsolutionsthaninabstracttheories?Theyhavefound,fromexperience,thatifonepersonmakesaclearanddefiniteofferandanotherpersonunconditionallyacceptstheoffer,thenitisreasonabletosaythatthetwoofthemareinagreement.Thereisnoattempttolookinsidetheirmindstofindoutwhattheyarereallythinking:itiswhattheysayanddothatcounts.

Whyisnegotiationmorecomplicatedininternationaltransaction?

45.

Whatwillbethepossibleresultifbaby-boomersuseupalltheirsavings?

A.Noresourceforthemtofundtheirretirement.

B.Realinterestrates'increaseaccompanyingthefallofsupplyofsavings.

C.Nothingisexpectedtohappen.

D.Thevaluationofbondswillbesavedfromthehook.

46.

Whatisveryimportantinstrengtheningyourcloserelationshipswithothers?

47.

Theauthorusesthemetaphor"afishoutofwater"tomean______.

48.

Howhastheauthorbeeninfluencedbyhisownexperience