英語六級閱讀理解真題卷1

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英語六級閱讀理解真題卷及答案-1

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SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.You

arerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiven

inawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefully

beforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbya

letter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet

2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewords

inthebankmorethanonce.

Inthepast12months,Nigeriahassufferedfromashrinkingeconomy,

aslidingcurrency,andaprolongedfuelshortage.Now,Africa’slargest

infacingafoodcrisisasmajortomatofieldshavebeendestroyedbyan

insect,leadingtoanationwideshortageandescalatingprices.

Theinsect,Tutaabsoluta,hasdestroyed80%offarmsinKaduna,

Nigeria'slargesttomatoproducingstate,leadingthegovernmentthere

todeclareastateof

26.Theinsect,alsoknownasthetomatoleafminer,devastatescrops

by27onfruitsanddiggingintoandmovingthroughstalks.It28incredibly

quickly,

breedingupto12generationsperyearifconditionsarefavorable.itisbelievedtohave29inSouthAmericaintheearly1900s,andlaterspreadtoEuropebeforecrossingovertosub-SaharanAfrica.

InNigeria,wheretomatoesareastapleoflocaldiets,theinsect'seffectsaredevastating.Retailpricesfora30oftomatoesatlocal

1——文章本源網(wǎng)，僅供分享學習參照marketshaverisenfrom$0.50to$2.50.Farmersarereportingsteeplossesandanew$20milliontomato-pastefactoryhas31productionduetotheshortages.Giventhemoth'sabilityalsotoattackcropslikepepperandpotatoes,AuduOgbeh,Nigeria'sministerofagriculture,haswarnedthatthepestmay"createseriousproblemsforfood32"inthecountry.Ogbehsaysexpertsareinvestigatinghowtocontrolthepest’sdamageandpreventitsspread,whichhasgonelargely33untilnow.Despitebeingthecontinent'ssecond-largestproduceroftomatoes,Nigeriais34on$1billionworthoftomato-pasteimportseveryyear.asaround75%ofthelocalharvestgoestowastethankstoalackofproperstoragefacilities.Afurther35inlocalsuppliesisyetanotherunwelcomesetbacktotheindustry.

dependentI)originated

EmbarkingJ)reduction

emergencK)reproduces

feedingL)security

grazesM)terror

haltedN)unchecked

handfulO)unchecked

multitude

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithten

statementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgivenin

oneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformation

isderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphis

markedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

who'sreallyaddictingyoutoTechnology?

2——文章本源網(wǎng)，僅供分享學習參照A."Nearlyeveryoneiknowisaddictedinsomemeasuretotheinternet,

"wrotetonySchwartzinTheNewYorkTimes.it'sacommoncomplaintthese

days.Asteadystreamofsimilarheadlinesaccusethenetanditsoffspring

apps,socialmediasitesandonlinegamesofaddictingustodistraction

B.There'slittledoubtthatnearlyeveryonewhocomesincontactwith

thenethasdifficultyconcentrationthanittakestopostastatusupdate.

asonepersonironicallyputitinthecommentssectionofSchwartz's

onlinearticle,"AsIwasreadingthisveryexcellentarticle.Istopped

atleasthalfadozentimestocheekmyemail.

C.There'ssomethingdifferentaboutthistechnology:itisboth

invasiveandpersuasive.butwho'satfaultforitsoveruse?Tofind

solutions,it'simportanttounderstandwhatwe’redealingwith.There

arefourpartiesconspiringtokeepyouconnectedthetech,yourboss,

yourfriendsandyou.

D.Thetechnologiesthemselvesandtheirmakers,aretheeasiest

suspectstoblameforourdiminishingattentionspans.Nicholas

Carr,authorofTheShallows：whattheinternetisdoingOurbrains,wrote,

Thenetisdesignedtobeaninterruptionsystem,amachinegearedto

dividingattention.

E.OnlineserviceslikeFacebook,twitterandthelike,arecalledout

ofmanipula-tion--making，productssogoodthatpeoplecan'tstopusing

them.afterstudyingtheseproductsforseveralyears,Iwroteabookabout

howtheydoit.Ilearneditallstartswiththebusinessmodel.since

theseservicesrelyonadvertisingrevenue,Themorefrequentlyyouuse

moneytheymake.It’snowinderthesecompaniesemployteamsofpeople

focusedonengineeringtheirservicestobeasengagingaspossible.these

productsaren'thabit-formingbychance;it'sbydesign.theyhavean

incentivetokeepushooked.

F.However,asgoodastheseservicesare,therearesimplestepswe

3——文章本源網(wǎng)，僅供分享學習參照cantaketokeepthematbay.Forexample,wecanchangehowoftenwereceivethedistractingnotificationsthattriggeroururgetocheck.Accordingtoadammarchick,ceoofmobilemarketingcompanykahuna,lessthan15percentofsmartphoneuserseverbothertoadjusttheirnotificationsetlings--meaningtheremaining85percentofusdefaulttotheappmakers'everypresettrigger.GoogleandApplehavemadeitfartoodifficulttoadjustthesesettingssoit'suptoustotakestepsensurewesetthesetriggerstosuitourownneeds,nottheneedsoftheappmakers.G.WhilecompanieslikeFacebookharvestattentiontogeneraterevenuefromadvertisers,othertechnologieshavenosuchagenda.takeemail,forexample.thissystemcouldn'tcarelesshowoftenyouuseit.Yettomany,emailisthemosthabit-formingmediumofall.Wecheckemailatallhoursoftheday--we'reobsessed,butwhy?Becausethat'swhatthebosswants.Foralmostallwhite-collarjobs,AslowResponsetoamessagecouldhurtnotonlyyourreputationbutalsoyourlivelihood.H.Yourfriendsarealsoresponsible.Thinkaboutthisfamiliarscene.Peoplegatheredaroundatable,enjoyingfoodandeachotherscompany.there'slaughterandabitofkidding.Then,duringanintervalintheconversation,someonetakesouttheirphonetocheckwhoknowswhat.Barelyanyonenoticesandnoonesaysathing.I.Nowimaginethesamedinner,butinsteadofcheckingtheirphone,thepersonbelches(打嗝)-loudly.Everyonenotices.unlessthemealtakesplaceinabeerhouse,thisisconsideredbadmanners.Theimpoliteactviolatesthebasicrulesofetiquette.onehastowonderwhydon’tweapplythesamesocialnormstocheckingphonesduringmeals,meetingsandconversationsaswedotootherantisocialbehaviorssomehow,weacceptitandsaynothingwhensomeoneoffends.

J.Therealityistakingone'sphoneoutatthewrongtimeisworse

4——文章本源網(wǎng)，僅供分享學習參照thanbelchingbecause,unlikeotherminoroffense,checkingtechiscontagious.onceonepersonlooksattheirphone,otherpeoplefeelcompelledtodothesame,startingachainreaction.themorepeopleareontheirphones,thefewerpeoplearetalkinguntilfinallyyouaretheonlyoneleftnotreadingemailorcheckingtwitter.fromasocietalperspective,phonecheckingislesslikebelchinginpublicandmorelikeanotherbadhabit.ourphonesarelikecigarettes-somethingtodowhenwereboredorwhenourfingersneedsomethingtotoywithseeingothersenjoyasmoke,orsneakaquickglance,istootemptingtoresistandsooneveryoneisdoingit.K.Thetechnology,yourboss,andyourfriends,allinfluencehowoftenyoufindyourselfusing(oroverusing)thesegadgets.butthere'sstillsomeonewhodeservesscrutiny--thepersonholdingthephone.L.Ihaveaconfession.eventhoughistudyhabit-formingtechnologyforaliving,disconnectingisnoteasyforme.I'monlinefarmorethanI'dlikelikeSchwartzandsomanyothers,Ioftenfindmyselfdistractedandofftack.Iwantedtoknowwhysoibeganself-monitoringtotrytounderstandmybehavior.that'swhenidiscoveredanuncomfortabletruth.iusetechnologyasanescape.whenI'mdoingsomethingI'drathernotdo,orwhenI'msomeplaceI'drathernotattentionwasoftenagoodthing,likewhenpassingtimeonpublictransportation,butfrequentlymytechusewasnotsobenign.whenifaceddifficultwork,likethinkingthroughanarticleideaoreditingthesamedraftforthehundredthtime,forexample,amoresinisterscreenwoulddrawmein.icouldeasilyescapediscomfort.temporarlly.byansweringemailorbrowsingingthewebunderthepretenseofso-called"research."thoughIdesperatelywantedtolayblameelsewhere,ifinallyhadtoadmitthatmybadhabitshadlesstodowithnew-age.technologyandmoretodowithold-fashionedprocrastination(延遲)5——文章本源網(wǎng)，僅供分享學習參照M.it'seasytoblametechnologyforbeingsodistracting,but

distractionisnothingnew.AristotleandSocratesdehatednatureof

“akrasia”--ourtendencytodothingsagninstourinterests.Ifwe'rehonestwithourselves,techisjustanotherwaytooccupyourtimeand

minds,ifweweren’tonourdevices.We’dlikelydosimilarlyunproductive.

N.personaltechnologyisindeedmoreengagingthanever,andthere's

nodoubtcompaniesareengineeringtheirproductsandservicestobemore

compellingandattractivebutwouldwantitanyotherwaytheintended

resultofmakingsomethingbetteristhatpeopleuseitmore.that'snot

necessarilyaproblem,that'sprogress.

O.Theseimprovementsdon'tmeanweshouldn'tattempttocontrolour

useoftechnology.Inordertomakesureitdoesn'tcontrolus,weshould

cometotermswiththefactthatit'smorethanthetechnologyitselfthat’

sresponsibleforourhabits.ourworkplaceculture,socialnornsand

individualbehaviorsallplayaparttoput