全英文西方文明史知到章節(jié)答案智慧樹2023年國際關(guān)系學(xué)院

全英文西方文明史知到章節(jié)測試答案智慧樹2023年最新國際關(guān)系學(xué)院緒論單元測試

OneofthefoundersofWesternphilosophyoncesaid,“IknowonethingthatIknownothing.”Whoistheman?（）

參考答案:

Socrates

Whohasputforwardedthetheorythatculturalandreligiousidentitieswillbetheprimarysourcesofconflictinthepost-ColdWarworld,andtherewouldbetwomajorClashes?（）

參考答案:

SamuelHuntington

第一章測試

WalkingStickDependencySyndromemeansyourelytoomuchonChinesetounderstandEnglish,likewalkingwithastick.（）

參考答案:

對

OneofthepillarsofChineseforeignpolicytodayisPresidentXi’sinitiativeofBuildingaCommunitywithaSharedFutureforMankind.（）

參考答案:

對

DionysusisthesonofZeus,Godofwine,festivity,ecstasyandmadness,patrongodoftheartoftheatre.（）

參考答案:

對

In510bc,“thefatherofAtheniandemocracy”SocratesreformedtheAthenianconstitutionandmadeAthensademocraticstate.（）

參考答案:

錯

In490BC,PersiansinvadedGreecebuttheAtheniansdefeatedthePersiansattheBattleofThermopylae.（）

參考答案:

錯

Thereweremanycity-statesintheArchaicGreece.Thethreefamouscity-statesareCorinth,___

,andAthens.

參考答案:

null

GreeceislocatedatthecrossroadsofEurope,AfricaandAsia.ItisonthesoutherntipoftheBalkanPeninsula.Whatisthenameoftheseatotheeast?（）

參考答案:

TheAegeanSea

InDelphi,allGreeksgotoatempleofagodfororaclesandtheyaskedthegodforadviceorprophecy.Apriestesswouldgiveanansweronbehalfofthegod,whichcalledanoracle.Whoisthegod?（）

參考答案:

Apollo

Withpopulationincreaseandurbanization,Greekpolis(city-states)emerged.Forpurposeofdefense,manycity-statesconstructakindofbuildingtoprotectthecity.Whatisthebuilding?（）

參考答案:

Acropolis

In594bc,amerchant_____wasgiventherighttocreateanewconstitutionandhisreformslaidthefoundationsforAtheniandemocracy.（）

參考答案:

Solon

第二章測試

Thucydideswrote,“WhatmadewarinevitablewasthegrowthofAthenianpowerandthefearwhichthiscausedinSparta.”Basedonthiscomment,aHarvardprofessorGrahamAllisoncoinedthephrase“”torefertowhenarisingpowercausedfearinanestablishedpower,confrontationorwarwouldeventuallyhappen.___

參考答案:

null

The5thcenturybcofAthenscalledtheGoldenAgeofAthenswhenAthensbecamethesuperpowerwithpoliticalandeconomichegemony,andonereasonofthiswasthatAthenshadagreatleader______.（）

參考答案:

Pericles

WhoisthefounderoftheAcademyinAthens,thefirstschoolofhigherlearningintheWesternworld?（）

參考答案:

Plato

Sophocleswroteaplaynamed_______,whichtoldusasadstoryofthekingofThebeskilledhisfatherandmarriedhismother.（）

參考答案:

OedipustheKing

AlexandertheGreatdiedin_____bc,whichmarkedtheendofClassicalGreeceandthebeginningoftheHellenisticGreece.（）

參考答案:

323

RomanpoliticianCicerocalledHerodotus“TheFatherofHistory,”andhisbookTheHistorywasthefoundingworkofhistoryintheWest.（）

參考答案:

對

InancientGreece,hegemonymeansthepoliticalandmilitarydominanceofacity-stateoverothercity-statesratherthanaderogatorytermintheChinesetranslation,whichmeanstobullyortobeatyrant,butinEnglish,ithasnonegativemeaning.（）

參考答案:

對

IntheHellenisticworld,GreekculturedominatedonlyinGreeceandMacedonianotinEgyptandwestAsia.（）

參考答案:

錯

AlexandertheGreatwastaughtbyPlatoandheiswidelyconsideredasoneofthemostsuccessfulmilitarycommandersinthehistoryandneverlostinbattle.（）

參考答案:

錯

In371bc,SpartainvadedThebesbutlostthewar.NextyearThebesinvadedthePeloponnesus.TheyfirsttookMessenia,thesourceofSpartanwealth,andthenconqueredSparta,destroyeditsmilitarypower.SpartaneverrecoveredandThebesfilledthepowervacuumleftbySparta.（）

參考答案:

對

第三章測試

In60bc,PompeyjoinedCrassusandJulius

___inthemilitary-politicalallianceknownastheFirstTriumvirate,TriumvirateinLatinmeans“threemen.”

參考答案:

null

RomanepicTheAeneidwaswrittenby

.（）

參考答案:

Virgil

ThePunicWarswereaseriesof

warsfoughtbetweentheRomanRepublicandCarthage.（）

參考答案:

three

WhowasdeclaredanenemyofthestatebytheSecondTriumvirateandwasexecutedin43bc?（）

參考答案:

Cicero

InthelateRepublic,thereweretwofactionsinthepoliticalarena.Onefactionwasagroupofpoliticianscalledthe

,meaning“thebestones.”（）

參考答案:

Optimates

ThehistoricaleventofRapeofLucretiamarkedtheendoftheRomanKingdomandthestartoftheRomanRepublic.（）

參考答案:

對

TheSocietyoftheRomanRepublicishighlyhierarchical,therulingclassisPlebeians.（）

參考答案:

錯

MariusalliedwiththePlebeianTribuneSulpiciusRufus,forcedtheSenatepassingabilltransferringthecommandfromSullatoMarius.Sullarefusedandmarchedhissixlegionsof35,000menonRome,andthenMariusfledtoAfirca.（）

參考答案:

對

TheRomanTriumphwasaceremonytocelebratethesuccessofamilitarycommanderwhohadledRomanarmytogreatvictory.（）

參考答案:

對

OptimateswantedtostrengthenthepowerofthePlebeianAssemblyandPlebeianTribune.（）

參考答案:

錯

第四章測試

Whileonmilitarycampaignsbetween170and180,Marcuswrotehisbook

inGreekasasourceforhisownguidanceandself-improvement.___

參考答案:

null

Octaviandiedin14adattheageof75.Theperiodheruledcalledthe____________age.（）

參考答案:

Augustan

Whichemperor’sdeathin180admarkedtheendofthe200-yearPaxRomana?（）

參考答案:

MarcusAurelius

WhowastraditionallycountedasthefirstBishopofRome?orPope?.（）

參考答案:

SaintPeter

TheByzantineEmpirewastheHellenisticworld,fromtheearly6thcentury

becametheofficiallanguage.（）

參考答案:

Greek

ThePaxRomanainLatinmeans“_____________.”（）

參考答案:

RomanPeace

TheItalianRenaissancepoliticalphilosopherMachiavellicalledthefirstfiveemperorsoftheNerva–AntonineDynastyNerva,Trajan,Hadrian,AntoninusPiusandMarcusAurelius“FiveGoodEmperors.”（）

參考答案:

對

OnthethirddayafterthedeathofJesusChristcametheCrucifixion,hecamebacktolife.（）

參考答案:

錯

TheBibleistheholybookofChristianity.ThesecondpartofitistheNewTestament,writteninthecommonRomanlanguage,dealswiththelifeandteachingsofJesusChristaswellaseventsinthefirst-centuryChristianity.（）

參考答案:

錯

TheOttomanEmpireconqueredConstantinoplein1553.（）

參考答案:

錯

第五章測試

Alighieri

wasanItalianpoet,hisepicpoemTheDivineComedyisthemostimportantpoemoftheMiddleAgesandthegreatestliteraryworkintheItalianlanguage.___

參考答案:

null

WhowasthefirstkingoftheHouseofValois?（）

參考答案:

PhilipVI

WhichkinglaunchedtheHundredYears’War(1346-1453)?HewasfromtheHouseofPlantagenetandhetransformedEnglandintooneofthemostformidablemilitarypowersinEurope.（）

參考答案:

EdwardIII

Mosthistoriansregardthecoronationof

in987asthebeginningsofmodernFrance,andhewasthefirstKingofmodernFrance.（）

參考答案:

HughCapet

WhowasthefirstNormanKingofEngland?（）

參考答案:

WilliamtheConqueror

BritainwasconqueredbyRomansin43adanditbecametheRomanprovinceofBritanniauntiltheearly5thcentury.（）

參考答案:

對

Charlemagnewasknownasthe“FatherofEurope.”（）

參考答案:

對

In1356,CharlesIVissuedtheGoldenBull,explicitlynamedthesevenPrince-electorswhoweretochoosetheGermanKingandthefutureHolyRomanEmperor.（）

參考答案:

對

TheEnglishvictorymarkedtheendoftheHundredYears’War.（）

參考答案:

錯

CharlesIVwasfromtheHouseofHabsburg.（）

參考答案:

錯

第六章測試

Leonardoda

isregardedthe“UniversalGenius”andthe“RenaissanceMan.”___

參考答案:

null

Whowasknownasthe“FatherofHumanism”andthe“FatheroftheRenaissance”?（）

參考答案:

Petrarch

ThemotiveofthewesternexplorersduringtheAgeofDiscoverycanbesummarizedinthreewords:

,God,andGlory.（）

參考答案:

Gold

HenryIVissuedanedictthatupheld

'spositionastheestablishedreligionofFrance,whichendedthewarandbroughtpeacetothecountry.（）

參考答案:

Catholicism

WhichcitywasthecenterofRenaissanceculture,oneofthewealthiestcitiesinEurope?（）

參考答案:

Florence

Renaissancemeans“rebirth”foranItalianculturalmovementfrom14to17thcentury.（）

參考答案:

錯

ItalianWarswereaseriesofconflictsthatinvolvedmostofthecity-statesofItaly,France,Spain,theHolyRomanEmpireaswellastheOttomanEmpire.（）

參考答案:

對

TheEnglishReformationledHenryVIIIbecamethesupremeheadoftheChurchofEnglandandownerofitsvastwealth.（）

參考答案:

對

“BloodyMary”wasthelastmonarchoftheHouseofTudorruledfrom1558to1603.（）

參考答案:

錯

In1576,themutinousSpanishtroopssackedAntwerp,7,000peoplewereslaughtered,andonethirdofthecitywasburned.Thiswascalled“theSpanishFury.”（）

參考答案:

對

第七章測試

In1653,Oliver

dissolvedtheRumpParliamentandservedaspresidentoftheCommonwealthofEngland,Scotland,andIrelandfrom1653untilhisdeathin1658.___

參考答案:

null

ThePeaceofAugsburg,atreatythatofficiallygrantedstateswithintheHolyRomanEmpiretherighttochoosetheirofficialreligion,wassignedin.（）

參考答案:

1555

ThePeaceofWestphalia,aseriesofpeacetreatiesthatendedtheThirtyYears’War,grantedeachprincetherighttodeterminewhat

ofhisownstate.（）

參考答案:

religion

In1721,

becamethefirstEmperoroftheRussianEmpire.（）

參考答案:

PetertheGreat

Whoisoftencreditedwithbeingthe“FatherofModernPhilosophy?”（）

參考答案:

RenéDescartes

TheThirtyYears’WarendedbythePeaceofWestphalia,whichrecognizedthecoexistenceofthetworeligionsinEurope,Protestantinthesouth,andCatholicinthenorth.（）

參考答案:

錯

TheEnglishCivilWar,aseriesofarmedconflictsbetweenParliamentariansandRoyalists,startedin1642.（）

參考答案:

對

GalileoGalileiformulatedamodeloftheuniversethatplacedtheSunratherthantheEarthatthecenteroftheuniverse.（）

參考答案:

錯

TheDutchGoldenAgewasaperiodinthehistoryoftheNetherlands;theNetherlandsbecametheforemostmaritimeandeconomicpowerintheworld.（）

參考答案:

對

In1632,attheBattleofLützeninSaxony,theDanishKingGustavusAdolphuswasseriouslywoundedanddied.（）

參考答案:

錯

第八章測試

Jean-Jacques

said,“Manisbornfreeandeverywhereheisinchains.”___

參考答案:

null

DuringthereignofVictory,QueenofEngland,ScotlandandIreland,theparliamentsofEnglandandScotlandpassedtheActsofUnionin1706.ThekingdomsofEnglandandScotlandunitedasasinglesovereignstateknownas

theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritain.（）

參考答案:

錯

AfterthedefeatofFranceintheRevolutionaryandNapoleonicWars(1792–1815),Britainemergedastheprincipalnavalandimperialpowe