Unit+5+Developing+ideas+課件高中英語外研版（2019）選擇性必修第四冊

新外研社高中英語選擇性必修四Unit5IntotheUnknown

DevelopingIdeasReadingPre-readingLookatthepictureandanswerthequestions.Dofurtherresearchifnecessary.Whatdifferentzonesarethereintheocean?Whichpartsoftheoceandoyouthinkhavebeenexplored?Whatdoyouknowaboutthedeepestpartoftheocean?ThedifferentzonesintheoceanareSunlightZone(陽光地帶),TwilightZone(陰影區(qū)),MidnightZone(午夜區(qū))andAbyssalZone(深海層).200m1000m6000m11000m0m≈20℃5-10℃0-4℃<0℃Weareenteringanewageofoceanicdiscovery.WehavelittleknowledgeofEarth’sseabed.Manyarchaeologicalfindsaremadeinshallowwaters.Thereareextraordinarycreaturesinthedeepsea.Theoceansareavaluablesourceofnaturalresources.While-readingReadformainideaSkimthepassageandmatchthemainidea.Para.5Para.1Para.2Para.3Para.4DivingdeepPara.1:Introducethetopic.Para.2-4:Ocean_________Para.2:the_______ofNeapolisPara.3:amazing_____________ discoveriesPara.5:_____________isenteringanewageof oceanicdiscovery.HumankindruinsPara.4:__________ofnatural resourcesbiologicaldiscoveryexplorationWhile-readingReadforstructureWhile-readingReadfordetailsScanthepassageandcompletethediagram.deepseaArchaeologicalshallowwatersvastdepthstheruinsofNe?polisBiologicaltheplanet'sfishthecapacityforlifeonourplanetbone-whitecoralthebarreleyelifetobefoundevenaroundthedeep-seavolcanicopeningstheseabeddeep-seadrilling“fireice”China'sunderwatervesselsWhile-readingReadforwritingskills

Whatwritingskillsareusedinthepassage?Statistics&examplesThediscoursemarkers(語篇標(biāo)記)While-readingstatisticsWhile-readingExamplesExamplesinpara.2wholecityburiedbeneaththewavesRomancityofNeapolislocation:___________________time:______________cause:______________offthecoastofTunisiatsunamithe4thcenturyWhile-readingExamplesExamplesinpara.3200metresdarkzone6000metresdeep8000metresName:_____________Age:_____________Name:_____________Features:_____________barreleyetransparentheadEyescanlookupwardslifetobefoundevenaroundthedeepseavocalnicopenings

bone-whitecoral4000yearsoldWhile-readingExamplesExamplesinpara.4China’sachievements:Newnaturalresource:__________Underwatervessels:___________________________fireiceJiaolong&ShenhaiYongshiTip:Theuseofstatisticsandexamplesmakethepassagemoreconvincing.While-readingdiscoursemarkersTip:

Thesemarkersfunctionlikeroadsigns,helpingyouconnectideasandunderstandthewriter'sattitudeandopinions.(P77)Post-readingThink&ShareWhatcommonmessagedothetworeadingpassagesinthisunitconvey?Howdotheyeachbuilduponthisidea?Bothpassagesconveythemessagethathumanshavethedesireandmeanstoexploretheunknown.Thefirstpassagedoesthisbylookingatourfascinationwithhistory’sgreatestmysteries,whilethesecondpassagelooksatpioneeringexplorationofEarth'soceans.Post-readingGroupworkWatch

thevideoclipof

programTidesofChangeandfinishthefollowingtask.Post-readingGroupwork“Creatingabetterlivelihood”isshowninthevideoclip,whichisalsooneofthepurposesofChina’soceanexploration.Pleaseintroducetheinfluenceofoceanexplorationonpeople’sdailylifefortheaudienceaccordingtothediagrambelow.(P77)Theairwebreathe:Theoceanproducesoverhalfoftheworld’soxygenandabsorbs50timesmorecarbondioxidethanouratmosphere.Climateregulation:Covering70percentoftheEarth’ssurface,theoceantransportsheatfromtheequatortothepoles,regulatingourclimateandweatherpatterns.Food:Theoceanprovidesmorethanjustseafood;ingredientsfromtheseaarefoundinsurprisingfoodssuchaspeanutbutterandsoymilk.Medicine:Manymedicinalproductscomefromtheocean,includingingredientsthathelpfightcancer,arthritis,Alzheimer’sdisease,andheartdisease.Recreation:Fromfishingtoboatingtokayakingandwhalewatching,theoceanprovidesuswithmanyuniqueactivities.LanguagePoints1.Lyingunderwatersacrosstheglobeareanestimated

threemillionshipwrecks.Allofthemrepresent

attemptsoverthecenturiestoexploreEarth'sfurthest

corners.AmongtheseistheEsmeralda,theearliest

wreckfromtheageoftheEuropeanexplorationof

Asia.Today,some500yearsaftertheEsmeraldaset

sail,thereislttle-ifany-landonourplanetleft

unexplored.WehavemoredetailedmapsoftheMoon,

andevenofVenusandMars,thanwedoofEarth's

ownseabed.全球水域下大約沉睡著三百萬艘沉船殘骸，每艘都代表了若干世紀(jì)以來探索地球最遠(yuǎn)端的努力嘗試。其中就包括了“埃斯梅拉達(dá)”號(hào)，它是歐洲國家探索亞洲時(shí)代留下的最早殘骸。如今，距離“埃斯梅拉達(dá)”號(hào)起航已有500多年，我們星球上尚未被人類探索的土地已經(jīng)少之又少了。然而，我們手中關(guān)于地球自身海底的地圖，甚至比不上關(guān)于月球乃至金星、火星的天體圖詳盡。2

Givenourlimitedknowledge,itisperhapsnosurprise

thatexplorationoftheoceanscontinuestoleadto

discoveriesinvariousscientificfields.AswiththediscoveryoftheEsmeralda,manyarchacologicalfinds

aremadeinshallowwatersnearthecoast.Thesemay

sometimesincludewholecitiesburiedbeneaththe

waves.OnesuchfindistheancientRomancityof

Neapolis,discoveredoffthecoastofTunisia.基于我們有限的認(rèn)知，探索海洋可以帶來許多科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的新發(fā)現(xiàn)，這也許就顯得不足為奇了。就像發(fā)現(xiàn)“埃斯梅拉達(dá)”號(hào)的殘骸一樣，很多考古學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)都發(fā)生在近海岸的淺水水域。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)有時(shí)會(huì)包括埋在海浪下的整座城市，其中之一便是在突尼斯近海發(fā)現(xiàn)的古羅馬城市奈阿波利斯。2

Believed

tohavebeenburiedunderwaterbyatsunamiinthe

fourthcenturyAD,theruinsofNaipolisarealmost

2,000yearsold.Theremainingstreetsandbuildings

offerawindowintoafascinatingperiodinourhistory.

However,weareonlybeginningtoovercomethe

challengesofpressure,darknessandextremecoldat

vastdepths.Fragmentsofthepastlyingdeepbeneath

theoceansarestillwaitingtobediscovered.據(jù)悉，在公元4世紀(jì)，奈阿波利斯被-場海嘯淹沒，其廢墟至今已有近2,000年的歷史。存留下來的街道、建筑為我們打開了一扇窗，讓我們得以窺見那段精彩的歷史。然而，我們才剛剛開始克服廣袤的海洋深處的壓強(qiáng)、黑暗和極寒所帶來的挑戰(zhàn)。過去的碎片仍深藏在大洋底部，等待被發(fā)現(xiàn)。3.Amazingbiologicaldiscoveriesarealsobeingmade.Thedarkzonesoftheoceansmaycontainupto

90percentoftheplanet'sfish.Inthesewaters,more

than200metresdeep,wherelightcannotreach,areextraordinarycreaturesthat

appearasiftheyarestraightoutofsciencefiction.Imaginebonewhitecoral6,000

metresbelowtheocean'ssurface,growingattherateofonlyoneortwomillimetres

peryear.Someofthesecouldbe4,000yearsold.生物學(xué)領(lǐng)域也有驚人的發(fā)現(xiàn)。海洋的黑暗區(qū)域里或許生存著多達(dá)地球上90%的魚類。在200多米以下、陽光照不到的深水水域里，住著一些看起來就像是剛從科幻小說中走出來的奇異的生物。想象一下，在海平面下6,000米深處，骨白色的珊瑚以每年僅一到兩毫米的速度緩慢生長著，它們中有些已經(jīng)存活了4,000年。3.

Swimmingthroughtheseblack

depthsisthebarreleye,astrangefishwitheyesthatcanlookupwardsthroughits

transparentforehead.Intheverydeepestoceantrenchesthataremorethan8,000

metresbelowthesurface,thepressureisequivalentto50aeroplanesstackedone

ontopofanother.Yetthereisstilllifetobefound,evenaroundthedeep-sea

volanicopenings.Thesediscoveriesallhelpusunderstandthecapacityforlifeonourplanet,eveninthemostextremecircumstances.漆黑的深海里管眼魚游來游去，這是種奇特的魚,其眼睛可以透過透明的前額向.上看。在海平面以下8,000多米處最深的海溝里，壓強(qiáng)相當(dāng)于50架飛機(jī)堆蠱在--起，然而這里仍有生命的存在，甚至在深海海底的火山口周圍也有生命。這些深海發(fā)現(xiàn)幫助我們理解地球上生命的承受力，甚至是在最極端的環(huán)境下的承受力。4

Furthermore,theoceansareavaluablesourceofnaturalresources,someof

whicharecompletelynewtous.MostnotableoftheseisChina'sdiscovery

ofanice-likesubstance,knownas“fireice",undertheSouthChinaSea.

Inaddition,China'sunderwatervessels,suchastheJiaolongandSbenhai

Yonrgsbi,havebeenexploringwatersatdepthsofthousandsofmetres.

此外，海洋還包含著珍貴的自然資源，其中一些對(duì)我們來說完全是新的資源。最值得一提的便是中國在南海發(fā)現(xiàn)的冰狀物質(zhì)一一可燃冰。此外，中國的水下艦艇如“蛟龍”號(hào)和“深海勇士”號(hào)，一直在數(shù)千米深的水域探索。4

TheJiaolongevenholdstherecordforthedeepestdivebyamanned

submarine,at7,062metres,givingChinaitsplacealongsidetheworld'stopoceanexplorers.Theresearchconductedbythese

vesselsisgivingscientistsagreaterunderstandingofhowthe

seabedwasformed,aswellashelpingidentifyareasfor

deep-seadrilling,takingdeepseaexplorationintoa

wholenewera.“蛟龍”號(hào)甚至創(chuàng)造了載人潛艦的最深下潛紀(jì)錄7,062米，使中國躋身于世界頂級(jí)海洋探索國之列。借助這些潛水器所完成的研究有利于科學(xué)家進(jìn)一步了解海床的形成過程，幫助確定深海鉆探區(qū)域，將深海勘探帶入一個(gè)嶄新的時(shí)代。5

Beingatoughenvironmentofcomplete

darkness,enormouspressureandintense

cold,theoceandepthshavelong

beenbeyondthereachofhuman

exploration.However,through

dloserinternationalscientific,

economicandcultural

cooperation,weareall

becomingpartofaglobal

missiontoopenupour

planet'sfinalfronter.

Humankindisentering

anewageofoceanic

discovery,andtheworld

beneaththewavesmay

onedaybealmostas

familiartousasthe

landwewalk

upontoday.深海區(qū)域環(huán)境惡劣，完全黑暗、壓強(qiáng)極大、極度寒冷，長期以來都是人類探索無法企及的區(qū)域。然而，通過更緊密的國際科學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)以及文化合作，我們都在成為開拓地球最后疆域這一全球使命的參與者。人類正走向海洋發(fā)現(xiàn)的新時(shí)代，或許有朝一日，我們會(huì)像熟悉腳下的土地一樣熟悉那海浪下的世界。

Today,some500yearsaftertheEsmeraldasetsail,thereislittle—ifany—landonourplanetleftunexplored.句意：今天，在“埃斯梅拉達(dá)”號(hào)起航約500年后，我們的星球上幾乎沒有未被探索過的陸地。1Doyoulikecollectingthings?Ifso,what?

你喜歡收集東西嗎？如果喜歡的話，你喜歡收集什

么？Ifpossiblekeepasparepairofglassesaccessibleincaseyourmainpairisbrokenorlost.

如果有可能的話，最好準(zhǔn)備一副備用眼鏡，以防常

用的那副眼鏡被打碎或丟失。Thescholarseldom,ifever,goestotheopera.

這個(gè)學(xué)者很少去看歌劇。________(如果這樣的話),youhavetosufferfromgreatpressure.____________(如果有必要),hewilldesignanothernewadvertisement.本句中ifany為一種省略形式，補(bǔ)充完整是ifthereisany表示“如果有的話”。某些句式經(jīng)過長期發(fā)展已成為固定搭配：ifpossible如果可能的話ifonly要是……就好了ifever如果有過的話ifnot如果不的話Whatif...?如果……怎么辦？Whynot?為什么不呢？Whatfor?為什么？when/wherenecessary

必要的時(shí)候/地方IfsoIfnecessary

Givenourlimitedknowledge,itisperhapsnosurprisethatexplorationoftheoceanscontinuestoleadtodiscoveriesinvariousscientificfields.句意：考慮到我們有限的知識(shí)，對(duì)海洋的探索繼續(xù)導(dǎo)致各種科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的發(fā)現(xiàn)也許并不奇怪。2Judgingfromhisaccent,heisfromHongKong.

從口音判斷，他來自香港。Consideringyourhealth,you’dbetterhavearest.

考慮到你的健康，你最好休息一下。Totellyouthetruth,I’mnotsointerestedinthereligiousmatter.

跟你說實(shí)話，我對(duì)這件宗教事情的興趣不大。本句為given引導(dǎo)的介詞短語作狀語，given還可作連詞后面跟句子。英語中常見的獨(dú)立成分還有：supposing/assuming/providing/provided(that...)

假如/如果

judgingfrom...根據(jù)……判斷

Generallyspeaking...一般說來Franklyspeaking...坦白地說【語法填空】________(give)thatthey’reinexperienced,they’vedoneagoodjob.___________(assume)thatyouarechosentobeavolunteerattheOlympicGames,whatwillyoudo?________(see)thatyouhavenotime,IhavePeterreplaceyou.Frankly_______,I’mnottookeenonthismeal,either.GivenAssumingSeeingspeaking3.Swimmingthroughtheseblackdepthsisthebarreleye,astrangefishwitheyesthatcanlookupwardsthroughitstransparentforehead.

3句意：在這些黑色的深處游動(dòng)的是管眼魚，這是一種奇怪的魚，它的眼睛可以通過透明的前額向上看。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析that引導(dǎo)定語從句分詞短語引導(dǎo)完全倒裝句4.Intheverydeepestoceantrenchesthataremorethan8,000metresbelowthesurface,thepressureisequivalentto50aeroplanesstackedoneontopofanother.

3句意：在海面以下8000多米的最深海溝中，其壓力相當(dāng)于50架飛機(jī)疊在一起的壓力。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語that引導(dǎo)的定語從句

Beingatoughenvironmentofcompletedarkness,enormouspressureandintensecold,theoceandepthshavelongbeenbeyondthereachofhumanexploration.

句意：海洋深處環(huán)境惡劣，一片漆黑，壓力巨大，溫度極低，長期以來都是人類無法探索的。5TheWestLakewasbeautifulbeyonddescription.

西湖美得難以描述。Ihonourhimbeyondexpression.

我對(duì)他佩服得無法表達(dá)。Ourqualityisfarbeyondcomparison.

我們的質(zhì)量是無與倫比的。beyondone’sreach夠不著

beyondrecognition認(rèn)不出來，無法辨認(rèn)beyondquestion毫無疑問的（地），確實(shí)的（地）Ifindhisbehaviour_______________.

我發(fā)覺他的作為令人難以置信。Thechildrenwere_________________.

這些孩子不聽管教。Theplaywasdull__________________.

這出戲沉悶得無法相容。Ifeelasenseofsatisfactionandgratitude_______________________.我感到說不出的滿足和感激?！具x詞填空】beyondcontrol無法控制，失去控制beyondone’spower力所不及

beyondexpectation出乎意料

beyondexpression難以表達(dá)

beyondone’scapacity超出某人能力

beyondbeliefbeyondcontrolbeyonddescriptionbeyondexpressionWritingPre-writingAlongaspeciallineoflatitude,knownasthe30thparallelnorth,lienumeroussitesofancientcivilisationsandimpressivenaturalfeatures.n.緯度

Readthemagazinearticleandanswerthequestions.Pre-writingAncientcivilisationsappearedontheparallel,includingBabylon,withitsfamoustower;Egypt,withitspyramids;China,withitsSanxingduiculture,etc.Thesecivilisationsappearedatasimilartime,andalldevelopedadvancedbronze-makingtechniques.Weretheypartofasinglesuper-civilisation,assomethink?青銅制造技術(shù)Readthemagazinearticleandanswerthequestions.Pre-writingIt’sarguedthatthe30thparallelnorthisalineofgreatnaturalenergy,withfrequentearthquakesandvolcaniceruptions.Thiscreatesamazingnaturalfeatures,includingMountQomolangma,theDeadSea,andrivers,suchastheNile,theMississippiandtheYangtze.Lackinganyconcreteevidence.someevenclaimitwassupernaturalpowers!具體的證據(jù)Readthemagazinearticleandanswerthequestions.Pre-writingScientists,however,disputethesetheories.It’smorelikely,theyargue,thatcivilisationsaroseonthe30thparallelnorthbecausetheclimatethereisgenerallywarmandwet.Majortectonicplatesmeetatthislatitude,causingearthquakes,whichhelpedformtheHimalayas.Therest,theysay,iseithercoincidenceorfantasy.v.對(duì)……表示質(zhì)疑（地球表面的）構(gòu)造板塊Readthemagazinearticleandanswerthequestions.1.Whyisthe30thparallelnorthmysterious?The30thparallelnorthismysteriousbecauseitiswherenumeroussitesofancientcivilisationsandimpressivenaturalfeatureslie.Pre-writingReadthemagazinearticleandanswerthequestions.2.Whataresomeunusualexplanationsforit?Somebelievethatthe30thparallelnorthisalineofgreatnaturalenergy,withfrequentearthquakesandvolcaniceruptions,andothersevenclaimthatitsamazingnaturalfeatureswerecausedbysupernaturalpowers.Pre-writingReadthemagazinearticleandanswerthequestions.3.Whataresomepossiblescientificexplanations?Pre-writingReadthemagazinearticleandanswerthequestions.Possiblescientificexplanationsforthe30thparallelnorthincludethegenerallywarmandwetclimatethatmadeitagoodplaceforcivilisationstodevelop,andthefactthatitiswheremajortectonicplatesmeet.Whatdoesanarticleaboutanunexplainedphenomenonusuallyinclude?Pre-writinganarticleaboutanunexplainedphenomenonwhattheunexplainedphenomenonis.thereasonswhyitismysterious.non-scientificexplanationsaboutit.scientificexplanationsaboutit.Haveyouheardof

theBermudaTriangle?Tellsomethingaboutit.While-writingPlananarticleaboutanunexplainedphenomenon.Dofurtherresearchifnecessary.While-writingWhatistheunexplainedphenomenon?Whyisitmysterious?Whatnon-scientificexplanationsarethere?Howdoscientistsexplainit?Plananarticleaboutanunexplainedphenomenon.Dofurtherresearchifnecessary.While-writingWhatistheunexplainedphenomenon?FarbelowthesurfaceoftheNorthAtlanticOcean,inaroughlytriangularareaknownastheBermudaTriangle,liemorethan50shipwrecksand20planewrecks.While-writingWhyisitmysterious?Whatmakesthesewreckssomysteriousisthatthecauseoftheirfateremainslargelyunknown–shipswereabandonedwithoutapparentreason,distresssignalswereneversentandaircraftwerelostwithouttrace.Plananarticleaboutanunexplainedphenomenon.Dofurtherresearchifnecessary.While-writingWhatnon-scientificexplanationsarethere?Somebelievethatsupernaturalforcesareresponsible,whileothersputtheaccidentsanddisappearancesdowntocoincidence.Plananarticleaboutanunexplainedphenomenon.Dofurtherresearchifnecessary.While-writingHowdoscientistsexplainit?Scientifictheories,meanwhile,includepiloterrorwhentryingto