2023學(xué)年完整公開課版【教學(xué)】Unit 4 Grammar and usage

Unit4Lookinggood,feelinggoodGrammarandusageExploringtherulesReadthearticlebelowandcompletethefollowingmindmap.ExploringtherulesSleep

problemsdangertoteenagersSymptomsbeingabletofallasleep________inthemiddleofthenightgettingnot__________Consequencesfeelingtiredandhavingtrouble_________havingpoormemory,being________andsufferingaheartattackCauses

________fromschoolorworknoisepollutionand__________Bodydevelopment________Health________wakingupenoughsleeppressurelightpollutionconcentratingoverweightslowsdownsuffersExploringtherulesFindthesentenceswithrestrictiverelativeclausesinthearticleandfillintheboxbelow.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.Doyourememberatimewhenyouhadnoworriesstoppingyoufromgettingagoodnight’srest?Oneofthereasonswhypeoplefailtogetagoodnight’ssleepispressurefromschoolorwork.Theyarestillgrowing,andnightisthetimewhentheirbodiesgrowfaster.Teenagerswhodonotsleepwellmayexperiencesituationswherebodydevelopmentslowsdown,andtheirhealthsuffers.GrammarsummaryTrytofinish“Workingouttherules”onpage48withyourpartners.Wehaverelativeadverbs:where,whenandwhy.Therelativeadverbwhererefersto________,therelativeadverbwhenrefersto________,andtherelativeadverbwhyrefersto________.Restrictiverelativeclausescanberewrittenastwosentences.aplaceatimeareasonGrammarsummaryInmoreformalEnglish,therelativeadverbswhere,whenandwhycanbereplacedby“preposition+__________”.Theantecedentsareusuallythewordsrelatedtoplace,timeandreason.whichGrammarsummary關(guān)系副詞是聯(lián)系先行詞和定語從句的詞。定語從句中的關(guān)系副詞有三個(gè)：when,where和why，它們?cè)诙ㄕZ從句中分別作時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因狀語。其句法結(jié)構(gòu)如下：whenisfortime:DoyouknowthedateThecamerarecordsthetime

whenwehavetohandintheessay?whenthephotoistaken.whereisforplace:IrecentlywentbacktothetownIwouldliketoliveinaplacewhereIgrewup.wherethereisplentyofsunshine.

when指時(shí)間，在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語。

where指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。Grammarsummarywhyisforreason:ThatisthereasonIdidn’tgetapayrise,butthiswasn’tthereasonwhyIdidthejob.whyIleft.Preposition+which:DoyouknowthedateIwouldliketoliveinaplaceThatisthereasononwhichwehavetohandintheessay?inwhichthereisplentyofsunshine.forwhichIleft.

why只用于reason之后的限制性定語從句中，在定語從句中作原因狀語。when、where和why都可以替換成“介詞+which”，介詞的選用取就于先行詞和定語從句中的動(dòng)詞。GrammarsummarySomekeypoints:

有時(shí)定語從句中介詞短語和動(dòng)詞有意義緊密的修飾關(guān)系，尤其在非限制性定語從句中，常使用“介詞

+

which”結(jié)構(gòu)，而不使用關(guān)系副詞。例如：

My

mother

works

in

a

factory,

in

front

of

which

there

is

a

small

river.

At

night

the

soldiers

got

to

a

small

hill,

at

the

foot

of

which

stood

a

farmhouse.

?以下名詞之后也通常用where/inwhich引導(dǎo)的定語從句：situation(形勢(shì))，case（情況，病例，案例），position（位置，境地），occasion（場(chǎng)合）等等。Theyareinsuchasituationwhereeverythingisoutoforder.ThepolicearelookingintothecasewheretwoVIPswerekilled.Theyweresomeoccasionswherewehavetotellsomewhitelies.Grammarsummary?that可活用為關(guān)系副詞，相當(dāng)于when,

where、why和“介詞

+

which”結(jié)構(gòu)，尤其在the

time

when等結(jié)構(gòu)中的when常被that代替，而且that往往省略。

I

may

leave

here

any

time

I

want

to.

During

the

time

I

was

there

I

visited

him

twice.

This

is

my

second

time

I

have

come

to

your

country.

?which有時(shí)可用作關(guān)系形容詞，這是which在非限制性定語從句中的特殊使用，如：

The

doctor

advised

him

to

give

up

smoking,

which

advice

he

did

not

follow.

PracticethemomentwhentheareawherethereasonwhyaconditionwherePracticeRewritethefollowingsentencesusingrelativeadverbsor“prepositions+which”.1.Ididnotperformwellatschoollastweek.Thereasonwasmypoor-qualitysleep.Thereasonforwhich/whyIdidnotperformwellatschoollastweekwasmypoor-qualitysleep.2.Imissthosedays.Iusedtosleepreallywellinthosedays.Imissthosedayswhen/inwhichIusedtosleepreallywell.Practice3.Thehospitalisnearmyhome.Ivisitedadoctorforadviceonsleepproblemsinthathospital.Thehospitalwhere/inwhichIvisitedadoctorforadviceonsleepproblemsisnearmyhome.4.Istillrememberthatafternoon.ThatafternoonIfellasleeponthebusandwentpastmystop.Istillrememberthatafternoonwhen/onwhichIfellasleeponthebusandwentpastmystop.PracticeCompletethepassagewithcorrectrelativepronouns,relativeadverbsor“preposition+which”wherenecessary.which/thatwhen/atwhichPracticewhere/inwhichwhich/thatwhy/forwhichPracticeWriteashortparagraphusingrestrictiverelativeclauseswherenecessary.PracticeSampleInasocietywherepeopleareunderalotofpressure,sleepproblemshavebecomeverycommon.ThatisthereasonwhyWorldSleepDayiscelebratedeveryyearontheFridayofthesecondfullweekofMarch.Itsaimsaretomakepeopleunderstandtheimportanceofg