英語四六級(jí)考試技能

1/6長(zhǎng)對(duì)話由于篇幅較長(zhǎng),想要聽一遍就將主要內(nèi)容都記清楚,幾乎是不可能的?？忌挥新犚槐榈臋C(jī)會(huì),邊聽邊記是聽力中一項(xiàng)非常重要的技能,但是做筆記并不是要把聽到的每一個(gè)單詞都記下來,筆記無非是幫助記憶的手段,只要能把重要的信息用可識(shí)別的符號(hào)記錄下來,就算達(dá)到了目的。因此為了提高聽與記的效率,應(yīng)注意把握一定的技巧和原則。一、抓住首尾句主題句常常是在對(duì)話的開頭,它對(duì)整個(gè)對(duì)話的內(nèi)容起一個(gè)概括和提示的作用,實(shí)際上是說話人所談?wù)摰闹行脑掝}。長(zhǎng)對(duì)話中的第一題很可能是針對(duì)對(duì)話的開頭提問,考查考生對(duì)整個(gè)對(duì)話的主題或所談話題的把握。結(jié)尾處往往涉及到建議、決定或某種行為等,它對(duì)整個(gè)對(duì)話起到一個(gè)總結(jié)的作用。長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的最后一題經(jīng)常是針對(duì)對(duì)話的結(jié)尾設(shè)題,故留意其中的關(guān)鍵動(dòng)詞就成了解題的關(guān)鍵。[例1]<07-6-19>[A]Togosightseeing.[B]Tohavemeetings.[C]Topromoteanewchampagne.[D]Tojoininatrainingprogram.M:Hi,Ann,welcomeback.How’syourtriptothestates?W:Verybusy,[19]Ihadalotofmeetings.…19.WhydidthewomangotoNewYork?2/6alotofmeetings<要參加很多會(huì)議>,由此可知女士去紐約是去參加會(huì)議。二、留意對(duì)話中的一問一答長(zhǎng)對(duì)話中,對(duì)話雙方往往出現(xiàn)多個(gè)一問一答,而這一恰恰是長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的一個(gè)出題重點(diǎn),對(duì)話后面問題往往就是對(duì)話原文中問題的照搬或是同義轉(zhuǎn)述,因此其答案就是對(duì)話中緊接問題之后的答語,而且一般不會(huì)有同音或近音詞的干擾,因此對(duì)于這類題目答案的基本原則就是"聽到什么選什么"。[例2]<07-6-25>[A]Datacollection.[B]Trainingconsultancy.[C]Corporatemanagement.[D]Informationprocessing.W:What’syourlineofbusiness,Mr.Johnson?M:Weareatrainingconsultancy.25.Whatistheman’slineofbusiness?選[B]。細(xì)節(jié)題。女士的提問即為本題的提問,答案就在男士接下來的回答中。女士問男consultancy<我們是培訓(xùn)咨詢公司>,由此可知答案為[B]。三、留意重復(fù)率較高的詞或短語對(duì)話的主要內(nèi)容理所當(dāng)然會(huì)得到說話人的強(qiáng)調(diào),而一個(gè)非常重要,也是非常明顯的強(qiáng)調(diào)方式就是重復(fù),而且重復(fù)的詞語往往能夠揭示對(duì)話的主題。因此對(duì)那些對(duì)話雙方多次提到的詞3/6語或內(nèi)容應(yīng)進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)記憶。[例3]<710分樣卷-22>[A]ThelatestdevelopmentsofanarmedrebellioninKarnak.[B]ThefallofKarnak’scapitalcityintothehandsoftherebelforces.[C]TheepidemicthathasjustbrokenoutinthecountryofKarnak.[D]ThepeacetalksbetweentherebelsandthegovernmentinKarnak.[邊聽邊W:Wenowinterruptourregularschedulednewsprogramtobringyouliveup-to-datecoverageonthecivilunrestinthenewlyformedcountryofKarnak,whereourmanStanFieldingisstationed.Stan...M:…,rebelforceslaunchedthebiggestoffensiveagainsttherulinggovernmentinthe18-monthconflicthereinthiscountry.M:…,rebelforcesarealsousingheavyartillerytopoundthepositionsofgovernmentforcesaroundthecitycenter.Rebelforcesareclosingin,…M:…thiswar-torncountry…,butthatisalwaysaconcernifthiswarlingerson.22.Whatisthenewscoveragemainlyabout?選[A]。主旨題。主旨題的答案往往在開頭或結(jié)尾,而本題的答案即出自開頭的第一句。ptodatearmedrebellion裝叛亂>對(duì)應(yīng)unrest<動(dòng)亂>。另外,對(duì)話的主題往往會(huì)得到多次重復(fù),因此根據(jù)后面多次出現(xiàn)的rebelforces,conflict,war等與"叛亂"相關(guān)的詞語,也可判斷本題答案為[A]。四、留意選項(xiàng)中的要點(diǎn)內(nèi)容4/6正確選項(xiàng)往往與原文相似,或是原文的同義表達(dá),因此應(yīng)注意提取選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn),在聽音時(shí)留意其是否在文中出現(xiàn)并加以記錄。[例4]<710分樣卷-25>[A]Inadequatemedicalcare.[B]Continuingsocialunrest.[C]Lackoffood,waterandshelter.[D]RapidspreadingoftheepidemicW:…whatotherpressingconcernsarethereforthecitizensofthecity?M:Well,sincethebeginningoftheconflict,starvation,andlackofcleanwaterandadequateshelterhavebeenthebiggestdailyobstaclesfacingthecitizensofthiswar-torncountry.25.WhatisthepressingconcernofthecitizensofKarnack?選[C]。細(xì)節(jié)題。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有[C]項(xiàng)內(nèi)容在對(duì)話中出現(xiàn),其他三項(xiàng)均未涉及到,故只要抓住對(duì)話中starvation,andlackofcleanwaterandadequateshelter或其部分內(nèi)容,即starvation五、留意數(shù)字、人名、地名、時(shí)間、年代等相關(guān)信息遇到數(shù)字、人名、地名、時(shí)間、年代時(shí)要對(duì)相關(guān)信息做簡(jiǎn)要記錄,尤其是選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)類似的概念時(shí),在聽音時(shí)更應(yīng)重點(diǎn)留意。[例5]<710分樣卷-24>[A]Lateinthemorning.[B]Earlyintheafternoon.[C]Sometimebeforedawn.[D]Shortlyaftersunrise.[邊聽邊記]M:…Rebelforcesareclosingin,andit’sfearedthatheywillbeabletotakethecapitalbuildingbeforedaybreakwhere,itisbelieved,manygovernmentofficialsareholdingout.24.Atwhattimeofdaydoyouthinkthisnewsreportisbeingmade?選[C]。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文中…it’sfearedthattheywill…beforedaybreak.可知,六、注意使用縮略語記筆記一定要迅速,而要想在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)盡可能比較全面的記錄重點(diǎn)信息,使用一定的縮略語和熟悉的符號(hào)是十分必要的,主要有以下幾種方法：ultdecreasedropdipfallabout/almost;>表示morethan;2.利用數(shù)字和其他固定符號(hào)。能用數(shù)字或其他固定符號(hào)代表的詞全部用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字或符號(hào),這樣既能節(jié)約時(shí)間,又