Unit+4+Fun+with+Science+Extended+reading+課件【核心知識(shí)精講精研】高中英語牛津譯林版（2020）選修第一冊

Unit4ExtendedreadingWhatdoyouknowaboutbionics?ReadforstructureReadthearticleandcompletethefollowingmindmap.Section1(Para.1)The__________tothetopicSection2(Para.2)TheprocessofcombiningnatureandinnovationThe___________ofbionics

The____________oftheprocess:observing,identifying,roductionoriginfourstagesSection3(Paras.3-5)The_____________ofbionicsSection4(Para.6)The____________ofbionicsTheapplicationofbionics_________________Acallforustolearnfrom_____________Theapplicationofbionics_________________applicationimportanceatpresentinthefuturenatureReadthearticleandcompletethefollowingmindmap.Readfordetails3.Whydoscientistsoftenneedtogotogreatlengthstoeffectivelycombinenatureandinnovation?

Readparagraph1and2andanswerthefollowingquestions.

1.Whatisthedefinitionofbionics?2.Whendoestheterm“bionics”datefrom?Bionicsisascienceoftakinginspirationfromnature,whicheffectivelycombinesnatureandinnovationtoimproveourlives.Itofficiallydatesbackto1958,butthepracticeiscenturiesold,datingbackasfaras2,500years.

Becausetheprocessofthestudyinvolvesfourstages,whichmayhavetobeperformedseveraltimesanditmaytakescientistsyearsoftrialanderrortoperfecttheproduct.◆

PresentapplicationsTakinginspirationfromplantsOneideagrewfromobserving(1)_____________________________.Theseedsgrowatthe“goldenangle”of137.5°,ensuringallofthemreceivesunlight.(2)__________________________,thesunflower’sfacealsofollowsthesun’spath.Solarmirrorsarearrangedto(3)________________________andpositionedatthesame“goldenangle”.Themirrorsarealsoprogrammedtofollowthesun.Applicationsofbionicsthesunflower’sspiralseedpatternTocapturemaximumsunlightcopythespiralseedpattern

Para.3

sunflowerssolarmirrorsimitateeco-friendly,requiringlesslandtobuildandlessenergytooperateExamples(Paragraph3)Takinginspirationfromanimals

●Thebrilliantbluewingsofabutterflyspeciesarecoveredwithtinydiamond-shapedstructuresthatinteractwithlight,______________________________tobecancelledoutwhileintensifyingandreflectingothers.●Scientistshaverecreatedthesemicrostructuresthatcan_________________________________________andproduceauniquevisualeffectalmostimpossibletocopy.●Scientistshavedevelopedpaintswithoutusingharmfulsubstances,which_______________________.Para4causingsomecolourwavelengthsbeinsetintolegaldocumentsandbanknotes

notonlylastlongerbutarealsomoreeco-friendly

butterflyimitatemicrostructuresAuniquevisualeffectimpossibletocopyExamples(Paragraph4)

butterflyimitatepaintswithoutharmfulsubstancelastlongermoreeco-friendlyExamples(Paragraph4)Futureapplications●Inspiredbytheincrediblystrongexoskeletonofinsects,scientistsandengineersarenow___________________.●Theseexoskeletonscan____________________________________andload-bearingcapabilitiesofthewearer.●Areal-lifeIronMancould__________________usinthefuture.Para5buildingroboticsuitsgreatlyimprovethemobility,strengthbewaitingforproves____________________provides___________________________

ReadParagraph6andcompletethemindmap.HumanNaturelearnfromlookforanswersfrom

ourliveswithascenicbackdroptobeourgreatestteacherWhatistherelationbetweenhumanandnature?Para6Readingcomprehension1．Whichorderisrightabouttheprocessofbionics?①decidewhetherthesolutionisrecreated②determinehowthenaturalsolutionfitsinwithhumanneeds

③identifynature'sownsolutions

④observealivingorganismA．①②③④

B．①②④③C．④③②①D．④③①②2.Whatwritingtechniqueisadoptedtointroducetheapplicationofbionics?Bylistingnumbers B.Bygivingexamples C.Bymakingcomparisons D.Bymakingquotes3．Whichofthefollowingisabionicprincipleofsunflower?A．Spacecraft.B．Thesolarpowerplant.C．Bees'collectinghoney.D．Aircrafttake-offandlanding.4．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Natureisunconquerable.B．Manwillalwaysbeaslavetonature.C．Onlybylivinginharmonywithnaturecanhumanbeingssurvive.D．Humanbeingsshouldconstantlylearnfromnature.6.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsbionics?OptimisticPessimisticIndifferentUnsure5.Whydoesthearticlebeginwiththesentence“Humansarecuriousbynature,andaboutnature”?tellinguswhatbionicsis.tellinguswhybionicscomesintobeing.tellinguswhatarehumanscuriousabout.tellinguswhyhumansarecuriousaboutnatureGiveevidencetosupportyouropinion.(1)Equallyexcitingarethediversepossibilitiesprovidedbytheanimalkingdom.(line29)(2)Aswecontinuetostudyandappreciatethewonderofnature,itiscertainthatourfuturewillseemanymorefascinatingtechnologicalinnovations.(lines39–40)(3)Naturenotonlyprovidesourliveswithascenicbackdrop,itcouldalsoprovetobeourgreatestteacher!(lines52–53)OptimisticSummaryAsearlyas2，500yearsago,LuBanwasengagedinbionics,1.whichindicatesthatbionicshasalonghistory.Totakeinspirationfromnature,scientistmustobservealivingorganism,andthentrytoidentifynature'sown2.solutions(solution).Afterthat,furtherexplorationisrequired3.todetermine(determine)whetherthesolutionwillfit4.inwithhumanneedsandscientistsneedtodecidewhetherthesolutioncanberecreatedtodevelopanewproduct.Oncescientisbridgethegapbetweennatureandinnovation,apathopensuptomanynovelideas.Forexample,solarpowerplants5.arebuilt(build)ontheprincipleofsunflower.6.Inspired(inspire)byaspeciesofbutterfly,scientists7.haverecreated(recreate)thesemicrostructuresthatcanbeinsetintolegaldocumentsandbanknotesandproduceauniquevisualeffect.Aswecontinuetostudyandappreciatethewonderofnature,8.itiscertainthatourfuturewillseemanymore9.fascinating(fascinate)technologicalinnovations.Besides,wehavecometorealize10.howclevernatureisandhowmuchitcanshowus.Naturenotonlyprovidesourliveswithascenicbackdrop,butitcouldprovetobeourgreatestteacheraswell!LanguagepointsExpressions:Words-Transfercuriousadj.好奇的,求知欲強(qiáng)的;稀奇的,不尋常的;愛挑剔的(P1)→___________adv.好奇地→___________n.好奇心,求知欲;珍品,奇事imitatevt.模仿;仿效;模仿→___________n.仿制品;贗品;模仿;效仿→___________adj.模仿的,仿效的;(單詞)擬聲的combinev.(使)結(jié)合,組合;(使)化合;合并,協(xié)力;兼有,兼?zhèn)?兼做,兼辦→__________adj.聯(lián)合的,共同的;總和的,總計(jì)的→______________n.結(jié)合體,聯(lián)合體;結(jié)合,聯(lián)合;組合stimulatevt.激發(fā);激勵(lì);刺激;使興奮→_____________n.刺激,激勵(lì),興奮作用→__________n.刺激;刺激物;激勵(lì)因素→______________adj.刺激的,激勵(lì)的creativityn.創(chuàng)造力;創(chuàng)造性→________vt.創(chuàng)造;創(chuàng)作;造成→__________adj.創(chuàng)造性的,創(chuàng)作的;有想象力的curiouslycuriosityimitationimitativecombinedcombinationstimulationstimulusstimulativecreatecreativeExpressions:Words-Transferobservationn.觀察;觀測;監(jiān)視;評論(P2)→_________vt.注意到;觀察;注視;評論analysisn.分析;分析報(bào)告→__________(pl.)→__________v.分析,細(xì)察;分解,化驗(yàn);對……進(jìn)行心理分析intensifyv.(使)加強(qiáng),增強(qiáng)→________adj.十分強(qiáng)烈的;激烈的;熱切的→__________adj.加強(qiáng)的,集中的;精耕細(xì)作的→___________n.強(qiáng)烈;(光、聲音等的)強(qiáng)度intelligentadj.聰明的;有智力的;智能的(P3)→_______________adv.聰明地,明智地→______________

n.智力,才智;智能;情報(bào),諜報(bào);情報(bào)機(jī)構(gòu)maximumadj.最大限度的n.最大量,最大限度→______

adj.最大的;最高的,最重要的→__________v.使增加到最大限度;最大限度地利用;使窗口最大化,全屏;求出……的最大值observeanalysesanalyzeintenseintensiveintensityintelligentlyintelligencemaxmaximizeExpressions:Words-Transferarrangev.安排,籌備;整理,布置,排列;改編;商定→______________

n.安排,籌備;商定,約定;整理,排列,布置;改編cancelv.取消(計(jì)劃好的事情);終止,廢除;(因素,情況)抵消,對消(P4)→______________

n.取消,撤銷;作廢,廢除→_____________

adj.可刪除的legaladj.法律允許的,合法的;與法律有關(guān)的,法律的→__________

adv.按照法律,法律上;合法地→___________

v.使合法化,使得到法律認(rèn)可→__________

adj.非法的,違法的;違規(guī)的appreciatev.欣賞;賞識(shí);感激;理解;增值(P5)→______________n.欣賞;感激;感謝;理解;增值→____________adj.可感知的;可評估的;相當(dāng)可觀的strengthn.力量;強(qiáng)度;力氣;優(yōu)勢,毅力→____________v.加強(qiáng);增強(qiáng);鞏固→_________adj.強(qiáng)壯的;堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的;強(qiáng)大的arrangementcancellationcancellablelegallylegalizeillegalappreciationappreciablestrengthenstrongExpressions:Phrases天生充滿好奇心(P1) ___________________對自然充滿好奇 ___________________激勵(lì)某人做某事 ___________________追溯到 ___________________參與；從事于；忙于 ___________________從……中獲得靈感(P2) ___________________竭盡全力 ___________________有……的潛力 ___________________……的解決方法 ___________________適應(yīng)人類的需求 ___________________反復(fù)試驗(yàn)；試錯(cuò) ___________________becuriousbynaturebecuriousaboutnatureinspiresbtodosthdatebacktobeengagedintakeinspirationfromgotogreatlengthswiththepotentialfor/ofsolutiontofitinwithhumanneedstrialanderrorExpressions:Phrases彌合了A和B之間的鴻溝(P3) ___________________對……開放；對……打開心扉；接受 ___________________……的目的；……的宗旨 ___________________……并不奇怪 ___________________被安排做某事 ___________________與光相互作用(P4) ___________________抵消,對消 ___________________被嵌入 ___________________大自然的奇跡 ___________________冰山一角 ___________________……的答案 ___________________結(jié)果是，證明為 ___________________bridgethegapbetweenAandBopenuptothe

purposeofitisnotsurprisingthatbearrangedtodointeractwithlightcanceloutbeinsetintothe

wonder

of

naturethetipoftheicebergtheanswertoprovetobeExpressions:SentencesEquallyexcitingarethediversepossibilitiesprovidedbytheanimalkingdom.(P.54，L.29)Inspired,scientistshaverecreatedthesemicrostructuresthatcanbeinsetintolegaldocumentsandbanknotesandproduceauniquevisualeffectalmostimpossibletocopy.(P.54，L.34-36)

同樣令人興奮的是，動(dòng)物王國有著各種可能性。過去分詞作后置定語過去分詞作狀語that引導(dǎo)定語從句受到啟發(fā)，科學(xué)家們重新創(chuàng)造了這些微觀結(jié)構(gòu)，使其可以嵌入法律文件和鈔票中，產(chǎn)生一種幾乎不可能復(fù)制的獨(dú)特視覺效果。Expressions:SentencesWhenworn,theseexoskeletonscangreatlyimprovethemobility,strengthandload-bearingcapabilitiesofthewearer.(P.54，L.43-45)Withsuchrapidadvancementsbeingmadeinbionics,wehavecometorealizehowclevernatureisandhowmuchitcanshowus.(P.54，L.49-50)當(dāng)人們穿戴這些外骨骼時(shí)，他們的移動(dòng)性、力量和承載能力都將極大提高。狀語從句的省略with+n+doing,作伴隨狀語隨著仿生學(xué)的飛速發(fā)展，我們開始意識(shí)到大自然有多么聰明，以及它能向我們展示很多東西。theyarePracticeInstant

Feedback1.Asnail’sshelliss_______inform.2.Hisskillisreallyexcellent.He’sanotherLuBan—amasterc_________.3.Youcanhearthes_____asitcutsthroughthewood.4.Theimportanteventprovidedthe___________(背景)

forhisnovel.5.Ibelieveyouwillbeh________oncollectingstamps.6.Thetopdrawerheldalotofforeigncoinsand_____________(紙幣).7.Thegoalwastogeteachsideofthe_______(立方體)

adifferentcolor.8.Weneedtofindaplaceinthecitywhereallfiveofthesethings__________(交叉).9.Conflictbetweenemployersandworkers_____________(加強(qiáng))andthenumberofstrikesrose.10.Alltheyhaveincommonwithinsectsisatough____________(外骨骼).piralarpenterawbackdropookedbanknotescubeintersectintensifiedexoskeletonInstant

Feedback1.Thelocalpeopleare___________honestandkind.2.Theoldvase_________________theHanDynastydoesn’tneedtoberepaired.3.It’struethathecoulddothejob,butwouldhe___________therestoftheteam?4.They__________________talkswiththeIrishgovernment,whichhelpsstabilizetheregion.5.Theadvantagesanddisadvantageswouldappearto________eachother______.6.Onedrawbackisthatthesensorshaveto______________thebrain.bynaturedatingbacktofitinwithareengagedincanceloutbeinsetintocancel...out;fitinwith;beinsetinto;bynature;beengagedin;datebacktoInstant

Feedback1.在我們崇尚美麗的文化里，人們會(huì)竭盡全力改善自己的外表。Inourbeautyconsciousculture,peoplewill_______________________