英語人教版必修4學(xué)案UNIT4單元小結(jié)

Theotherday,LiHuaturnedhisbacktomewhenIwantedtogreethim,whichmademeangry.IdashedintotheclassroomandmadeastatementthatIwouldtreathiminthesameway.ButsoonIgottoknowthatIhadmisunderstoodhim.Withthemid-termexamapproaching,LiHuaworkedevenhardersoasnottolosefacebeforethewholeclass.Hewasalwayscuriousabouttheunknownworld.Itwaslikelythatheignoredmebecausehewaslostinthought.Ithoughthewouldburstintoangeratmywords,butonthecontrary,hedidn'tdefendhimselfagainstmystatement.Ingeneral,itwasmyfaulttomisunderstandhim.Iapologizedtohimandthenwebothfeltatease.NowwearestudyinginassociationwitheachotherandoftenexchangeapproachestolearningEnglish.Wearelikelytopasstheexamwithease.前幾天，當(dāng)我想要跟李華打招呼時，他卻轉(zhuǎn)過身背對著我，讓我很生氣。我猛沖進(jìn)教室，發(fā)表了一個聲明，我要以同樣的方式對待他。但是很快我就知道我誤會了他。隨著期中考試的接近，為了不在全班同學(xué)面前丟臉，李華學(xué)習(xí)更加努力了。他總是對未知的領(lǐng)域感到奇怪???。很可能是由于他陷入了深思，他才無視了我的。我以為聽到我的聲明他會發(fā)火的，可是恰恰相反，他并沒有為自己辯護(hù)?？偟膩碚f，誤會他是我的過錯。我向他道了歉，我們都感到心情放松了?，F(xiàn)在，我們彼此之間正合作學(xué)習(xí)，常常溝通學(xué)習(xí)英語的方法。我們會輕松地通過這次考試。加餐練(一)完形閱讀組合練Ⅰ.完形填空Itmaybedifficulttounderstandnon-verbalmessagesbecausedifferentcultureshavedifferentexpectationsabouteyecontact,physical__1__，etc.Let'sconsidereyecontact.ChildrenfrommanyLatinAmericanandAsian__2__showrespectbyavoidingtheglanceofimportantpersons.Ateacherwho's__3__withthis,however,mightconsiderthelackofeyecontactasasignof__4__.FormanyAmericanIndianchildren,__5__ateacherintheeyeandansweringherquestioninfrontoftheclassis“showingoff〞．Culturegreatly__6__attitudestowardsphysicalcontact,whetherit'sahandshake,hug,orpatontheback.InAsia,femalefriends__7__holdhandsandmencasually(任憑地)hugoneanotherastheywalkdownthestreet.Americans,however,mayfeel__8__withsuchpublicbehavior.InsomeAsiancultures,affectionatelypattinga(n)__9__headisstrictlytaboo(禁忌的),__10__itcanbeacceptablebehaviorbetweenadultsandyoungchildren.How__11__shouldpeoplestandtoeachotherwhenthey'rehavingaconversation?InareasoftheMiddleEastandSouthAmerica,peoplestandveryclosewhen__12__.Europeansliketohave__13__distancebetweenthem,whilesomeAfricans__14__evenmorespace.Youcan__15__greatdisfortbystandingtooclosetoanotherperson.Notbeing__16__ofthiscanevenpreventsomeonefromunderstandingor__17__theideasyou'retryingtogetacross.Tocreateapositiveenvironmentformunication,yournon-verbalmessagemustclosely__18__yourverbalmessage.Onewaytodothisistocarefullyobservehowchildrenandfamiliesspeakand__19__aroundeachotherandwithpeopletheyrespect.Thiscan__20__cluesaboutthetruemeaningoftheirnon-verbalinteractions.語篇解讀：本文為一篇說明文，敘述了不同的文化對眼神接觸、身體接觸等有不同的理解。另外，不同的文化對人與人之間站立距離遠(yuǎn)近的理解也有所不同。所以，要想真正了解一種文化，肯定不要無視無聲語言所傳達(dá)的信息。1．A.exercise B．touchC．education D．strength解析：選Bphysicaltouch意為“身體接觸〞。第6空后的“physicalcontact〞亦是提示。2．A.schools B．villagesC．homelands D．cultures解析：選D第一段已提到不同文化(differentcultures)中人們對視線接觸、身體接觸等有不同的理解。此處舉例說明，故此空填“文化〞一詞。3．A.uncertain B．a(chǎn)ngryC．unfamiliar D．popular解析：選C在拉美和亞洲文化中，小孩回避他人的視線是對其敬重的表現(xiàn)。而對此不了解的老師會誤以為這是缺乏敬重。beunfamiliarwith意為“對……不熟識〞。4．A.disrespect B．ideaC．danger D．disappointment解析：選A此空前的however說明此句與前一句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。既然前一句說是“showrespect〞，此處應(yīng)當(dāng)是“asignofdisrespect〞。5．A.seeing B．staringatC．looking D．glancingat解析：選Cheeye意為“直視某人〞。6．A.influences B．supportsC．observes D．reduces解析：選A在文章首段中說“不同的文化對視線接觸、身體接觸等有不同的期盼〞，然后在其次段講視線接觸在不同文化中的不同理解，故此段那么是講physicalcontact在不同文化中的影響，即“文化極大地影響到人們對身體接觸的態(tài)度〞。7．A.never B．oftenC．seldom D．sometimes解析：選B由于男性之間可以隨便地?fù)肀б幌?，故可推想女性伴侶之間手拉手是常事。8．A.pleased B．fortableC．mad D．unfortable解析：選D由該句的however可知，在亞洲文化中很自然的行為，在文化中卻令人感到不舒適。9．A.child's B．baby'sC．a(chǎn)dult's D．man's解析：選C在一些亞洲文化中，摸成人的頭是嚴(yán)格禁止的，但是成人和小孩之間摸頭是可以接受的。10．A.because B．a(chǎn)lthoughC．unless D．if解析：選B前后之間是讓步關(guān)系，故用although。11．A.far B．closelyC．properly D．close解析：選D從本段的“peoplestandveryclose，distance,standingtooclose〞等可知，本段是談人與人之間站立時相隔的距離。12．A.talking B．eatingC．waiting D．listening解析：選A此處“whentalking〞與前一句的“whenthey'rehavingaconversation〞意思一樣。13．A.more B．lessC．no D．little解析：選A來自中東和南美的人談話時站得很近，而歐洲人需要的心理距離要更大一些。14．A.hate B．preferC．wish D．dream解析：選B該句中的while表示比照。非洲人需要的心理距離更遠(yuǎn)。15．A.change B．expectC．create D．a(chǎn)ccept解析：選C雙方談話時，站得太近，超過可接受的心理距離，人就會感到極不舒適。create“引起；造成〞。16．A.afraid B．a(chǎn)shamedC．proud D．a(chǎn)ware解析：選D對談話時的心理距離要清晰，否那么會造成麻煩。beawareof意為“意識到，知道〞，符合語境。beafraidof“可怕〞；beashamedof“以……為慚愧〞；beproudof“以……為豪〞，均不符合語境。17．A.suggesting B．consideringC．refusing D．a(chǎn)ccepting解析：選D此空前的or表示選擇關(guān)系，說明此空的內(nèi)容與前面的understanding意思相近。意識不到人們溝通時默認(rèn)的心理距離甚至?xí)璧K他人理解或接受你試圖傳達(dá)的意思。18．A.pass B．explainC．match D．prepare解析：選C非語言信息與語言信息要相配(match)、要全都。19．A.talk B．behaveC．use D．look解析：選B這些文化差異可通過觀看小孩和家人間的談話及舉止方式(behave)來了解。20．A.provide B．supportC．prove D．search解析：選A這樣就可為你真正理解他們的非語言溝通供應(yīng)(provide)線索。Ⅱ.閱讀理解InMarch2008,Itoldmyfriends:Iwasgoingtoshutdownmylawpracticeandtravelaroundtheworldinayear.What'smore,I'ddoitwithouttakinganyflightsormakingasingleadvance(預(yù)先的)reservation.Somefriendsofferedsupportandencouragement,whileothersweredoubtful.OnceI'dsaidthewords,therewasnoturningback.Ittookmonthstoshutdownmylawpracticeandgetthingsinorder.Therereallywasn'tanygreatreasonwhyIwantedtocircletheworld.Isimplywantedtodosomethingfunanddifferent.WhenIhadthisplan,Ididn'tplanforittoleadtoalifeontheroadforever.Iwasplanningtoeback,openanewlawpracticeandwriteahugelysuccessfulbookaboutmytravels.BeforeIleft,Istartedatravelblog,whichservedasawaytotakenotesforthebook.OnceIsetoffonmytripinDecember2008,Ifoundthattravellingwithoutusingplaneswasnoteasy.IttooksevendaysandnightsontrainstogetfromMoscowtoBeijing.Sometimes,Iwouldn'tseeavillageorahumanbeingfor10hours.Ihadawholecabintomyselffromtheseconddayofthatjourney.ItturnedoutthattravellingwithnoreservationswasfarlessdifficultthanIhadimagined.Pullingintoacityonabuswithabag,lookinginaguidebookforafewsuggestionsofacmodations(住宿),andthenfindinganemptyroomwasneveraproblem.SoonafterIstartedthisadventure,IrealisedthatmyreturntotheUSwouldbetemporary(臨時的).Aboutthreemonthsintomyjourney,IrealisedthatIdidn'twanttogobacktomyoldlife.TheworldissowonderfulandIwantedtoseeasmuchofitasIcould.語篇解讀：本文是記敘文。作者關(guān)掉律師事務(wù)所開頭全球旅行，從今被世界上的漂亮風(fēng)景所吸引。1．What'stheauthor'sfriends'attitudetohisnewplan?A．Dissatisfied. B．Supportive.C．Uncaring. D．Divided.解析：選D推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Somefriendsofferedsupportandencouragement,whileothersweredoubtful.〞可知，作者的伴侶對他環(huán)球旅行的打算持不同意見。2．Whydidtheauthorwanttocircletheworld?A．Helostinterestinlaw.B．Hefollowedafriend'sexample.C．Hewantedtofindsomeenjoyment.D．Hefailedtorunthebusinesssuccessfully.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Isimplywantedtodosomethingfunanddifferent.〞可知，作者旅行是為了體驗一些樂趣。3．Whatwastheauthor'splanforhisglobaltrip?A．Avoidingtravellingbyair.B．Finishingabookwhiletravelling.C．Makingcarefulplansinadvance.D．Findingaplaceforhislawpractice.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“What'smore,I'ddoitwithouttakinganyflights及第三段中的OnceIsetoffon...Ifoundthattravellingwithoutusingplaneswasnoteasy.〞可知，作者旅行中不會乘坐飛機(jī)。4．WhatwouldtheauthorprobablydoafterreturningtotheUS?A．Startatravelblog.B．Gobacktohisoldlife.C．Prepareforanothertrip.D．Beatemporaryworker.解析：選C推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“IrealisedthatIdidn'twanttogobacktomyoldlife.TheworldissowonderfulandIwantedtoseeasmuchofitasIcould.〞可知，作者回到短暫停留后還要連續(xù)旅行。加餐練(二)主觀題標(biāo)準(zhǔn)增分練Ⅰ.語法填空AMisunderstandingIngeneral,spoken__1__(statement)arethemajorwayofmunication,butbodylanguageand__2__(face)expressionsalsohavesuchkindsoffunction.Forexample,__3__(yawn)meansbeingnotinterestedandturningone'sbacktosomeoneorswingingyourfistshowsyour__4__(angry).Butwhatthosegesturesreallymeanissubjectiveindifferentcultures.Thus,misunderstandingshappennowandthenintoday'sworldofculturalcrossroads.Once,__5__(represent)theAdults'EducationAssociation,IwenttotheairporttomeetanofficialofhighrankfromColumbiaandtakehimtohisdormitoryandthentothecanteen.Aftertheflightarrived,Isawamanlookingaround__6__(curious).SoIapproachedtogreethim.Hesuddenlydashedtohugmeandkissedme__7__bothcheeks.Asayounggirl,Ifelttruly__8__(embarrass)andputupmyhandstodefendmyself.Hisfalsesmiletoldmethathehadlostface.Later,Ireceivedacassettefromhim,in__9__herecordedhisapology.OnhearingthatColumbiansweremorelikelytokissothers,Isoonfelt__10__ease.答案：Ⅱ.短文改錯Inordertorealizehisdream,BillGates,richestmanintheworld,gaveupstudyinginHarvardUniversity,thatisthemostfamousintheworld.Hesetupapanyandresearchingtheputersoftware.Justasanoldsayinggo,“Interestisthebestteacher.〞Iquiteagreewiththisidea.IbegantobecrazyaboutEnglishwhenIwasalittlegirl.Igotextremeinterestedinforeignculturesorcustoms.Tomeetmecuriosity,IreadEnglishstorieseveryday.Itseemedtobethebest“meal〞ofaday.Asaresult,IalwaysdidverywellinEnglishexam.Interestisthekeyofsuccess.答案：第一句：richest前加the;that→which其次句：researching→researched或去掉and第三句：go→goes第四句：with→to第六句：extreme→extremely;or→and第七句：me→my第九句：exam→exams第十句：of→toⅢ.書面表達(dá)假設(shè)你叫李明，你的外國伴侶Andrew來上海旅游，回國后因天氣和旅途勞累等緣由病倒了，請你給他寫一封慰問信。詞數(shù)100左右。參考范文：DearAndrew，IwasverysorrytohearthatyouhavebeenillsinceyoureturnedtoyourhomefromChina,andthatyourillnesswascausedbythebadweatherinShanghailastweek.Wehadawonderfultimewhileyouwerehere,forgettingthattheweatherinShanghaiisverydifferentfromthatinNewYork.Youmustalsohavebeenverytiredaftertravellingsuchalongdistanceinsuchashorttime.SoIsuggestyougetsomerest,andifnecessary,gotoseeadoctor.Don'tworrytoomuchaboutyourstudies.You'llcatchupwithotherssoononceyourecover.Iamlookingforwardtoyourearlyrecovery.Sincerelyyours，LiMing第一局部聽力(總分值30分，限時20分鐘)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每題1.5分，總分值7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來答復(fù)有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whatdoesthemanliketodoifpossible?A．Visitmuseums.B．Makeagoodplan.C．Visitartgallery.2．What'sthemaninterestedinduringhisfreetime?A．Playingchess.B．Collectingstamps.C．Playingfootball.3．WhatkindofTVprogramsdoesthemanlikebest?A．ScienceandDiscovery.B．Entertainment.C．TVplays.4．Whydoesthemanhaveaheadache?A．Hehadacold.B．HewatchedTVlastnight.C．Hedidn'tsleeplastnight.5．Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A．Paintings.B．Riversandmountains.C．Hobbies.其次節(jié)(共15小題；每題1.5分，總分值22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，答復(fù)第6、7題。6．Whydoesn'ttheboy'shomehaveaTVset?A．ATVsetistooexpensive.B．Hisparentsdon'tlikesports.C．Hisparentsthinkit'sawasteoftime.7．Whatdothebrothersdothen?A．Watchtheirfavoriteprograms.B．Gooutforsports.C．Watchbasketballmatches.聽第7段材料，答復(fù)第8至10題。8．Whatisthesweatermadeof?A．Wool. B．Cotton.C．Nylon.9．Whatsizedoesthewomanwant?A．Size29. B．Size89.C．Size39.10．Howdoesthewomanpay?A．Bypersonalcheck.B．Bycash.C．Bycharge.聽第8段材料，答復(fù)第11至13題。11．Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A．Herclothes. B．Thecarkey.C．Somemedicine.12．Whyisthewomangoingtothedoctor?A．Shehasafever.B．Shehasapainintheback.C．Shedoesn'tfeelwellinthechest.13．Whenisthewomanexpectedatthedoctor's?A．At10：00. B．At10：30.C．At10：40.聽第9段材料，答復(fù)第14至16題。14．Whatisthemandoingnow?A．Fishing.B．Makingpreparationsforfishing.C．Takingphotos.15．What'sthewoman'shobby?A．Makinghomemovies.B．Fishing.C．Takingphotos.16．Whatwillthewomanprobablydoinfuture?A．Buyamoviecamera.B．Learnhowtofish.C．Changeherhobby.聽第10段材料，答復(fù)第17至20題。17．Whatdidthegirldointhehospital?A．Anurse.B．Adoctor.C．Anassistantofthepresident.18．WhowasSmith?A．Anexcellentdoctor.B．Anoldpatient.C．Thegirl'sfather.19．WhatkindofpersonwasSmith?A．Hewasoftenlateforworking.B．Hedidn'tgotoworkoften.C．Heworkedveryhard.20．WhichofthefollowingaboutthememoryofSmithwaswrong?A．Hismemoryasadoctorwasverypoor.B．Heoftenforgotwhetherhehadhadlunch.C．HeoftenforgotitwasMondayorweekend.答案：1～5AAACC6～10CBACB11～15ACBBA16～20AAACA聽力材料(Text1)M：Idon'toftenvisitmuseums,butIdowheneverpossible.W：I'venevervisitedtheModernMuseum,butIplantotomorrow.(Text2)M：Whatareyourhobbies?W：Oh,Icollectstamps.Whataboutyou?M：Idon'treallyhaveanyhobbies.Ijustliketoplaychessinmysparetime.(Text3)W：WhatkindofTVprogramsdoyoulike?M：ScienceandDiscoveryrankstopandthenentertainment.W：IlikeTVplaysespeciallyKoreanplays.(Text4)M：Myheadaches.W：Youstayeduplastnight?M：Yes,Imusthandinmydesigntoday.(Text5)W：Doyouhaveanyhobbies?M：Iliketopaint.W：Whatkindofthingsdoyoupaint?M：Mainlyriversandmountains.(Text6)W：Haveyoueverhadatelevisioninyourhome?M：Believeitornot,wehaven't.Myparentsdon'tlikeustospendourtimewatchingit.Sowehaveneverhadone.W：Thenwhatdoyoudowhenotherchildrenarewatchingtheirfavoriteprograms?M：Lotsofthings.Ioftendosomesportswithmybrother.W：Whatsortofsport?M：Mybrother,whoistwoyearsolderthanme,lovesbasketball,soweoftenplaythat.There'sacourtjustoutsideourbuilding.AndatweekendsweoftengosailingintheWaterBay.W：Soundsinteresting.(Text7)M：Goodmorning,madam.MayIhelpyou?W：Goodmorning,I'mlookingforasweaterinsize39.M：Here'syoursize.Thisoneisonsalefor$89.W：Willitbewarmenoughwhenit'scold?M：It'sverywarm.It'smadeofwool.W：Isitwashable?M：Yes,it'smachinewashable.It'sveryconvenient.W：OK,I'lltakeit.M：Cashorcharge?W：Doyouacceptpersonalchecks?M：I'msorry.Wedon'tacceptpersonalchecksatthisstore.W：ThenI'llpaycash.(Text8)M：Whatareyoulookingfor,Mary?W：Myjacket.I'mgoingtothedoctor.M：Why?What'stheproblem?W：I'mnotsure,butIdon'tfeelwell.M：Doyouhaveafever?W：No,Idon'tthinkso,butIhaveapaininmychest.M：Whattimewillthedoctorseeyou?W：Ten-thirty.I'mafraidIhavetoleavenow.It'stenalready.Bye.M：Good-bye.Ihopeit'snothingserious.W：Thanks.Seeyoulater.(Text9)W：Whatareyoudoinghere?M：I'mpreparingmyfishingtools.W：Whatfor?M：I'mgoingtofishwithsomeofmyfriends.W：Areyoufondoffishing?M：Yes.IlikefishingafterschoolandonSundays.W：Whendidyougetsuchahobby?M：Longago.Youknow,myfatherisfondofandverygoodatfishing.WhenIwasachild,hetookmetotheriversidetoseehimfishing.Ifoundfishingveryinterestingthen.Well,what'syourhobby?W：I'mveryfondofmakinghomemovies.ButIhaven'tgotamoviecamera.M：IalsoliketakingphotosandIhaveaJapanese-madecamera.W：Itakealotofphotos,too.ButI'mmoreinterestedinthehistoryoffilm,soIreallyenjoyusingafilmcamera.I'llbuyoneofmyownsomeday.(Text10)W：MyjobasanurseatBrownHospitalwaslookingafteragedpatientsandactingasanassistanttoDrSmith.Thiswasmymostimportantduty,becauseDrSmith,thoughanexcellentdoctor,wasoftenabsent-minded.Hismemoryasadoctorwasexcellent.Heneverforgotacase.Butontheotherhand,hecouldn'trememberthedayoftheweek,whetherhehadeinhisovercoat,whathewassupposedtobedoingintheafternoon,orifhehadalreadyhadlunch.其次局部閱讀理解(總分值40分，限時35分鐘)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每題2分，總分值30分)閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最正確選項。AALessonPlanfromLifePlanningEducation:AYouthDevelopmentProgramPurpose:TolearnaboutbodylanguageandhowtousebodylanguageMaterials(材料):Cards;containerTime:25－35minutesPlanningNotes：·Writethewordsbelowoncards：angry·disappointed·shy·afraid·sad·happy·nervous·excited·bored·Placethecardsinthecontainersovolunteerscandrawthemoutoneatatime.Steps：Firstmakesurethatallvolunteersknowwhatbodylanguagemeans(expressingfeelingsthroughbodymovementandfacialexpressions).Gooverthefollowinginstructions：·I'llneedatleast9volunteerstoplayagamesimilartocharades(猜詞嬉戲)．·Thefirstvolunteerwilldrawacardwithafeelingwrittenonitandactoutthefeelingwithoutusingwords.·Therestofthegroupwillguesswhatfeelingisbeingmunicated.Oncesomeonecorrectlyguessesthefeeling,thenextpersoninlinewilldrawacardandactoutwhatiswrittenonit,againwithoutwords.·Thegamewillcontinueuntiltherearenomorecardsoruntiltimeisup.Atlast,endtheactivityusingthediscussionpointsbelow：·Canyougiveexamplesofwhensomeone'sbodylanguagemunicatedadifferentmessagefromwhathe/sheactuallysaid?·Sometimesonepersonisoffended(冒犯)byanother'sbodylanguage.Howcanyouworktokeepthatfromhappening?Answersmayinclude:behonestanddirect;matchyournon-verbalmessagestoyourverbalones;beawareofculturalattitudestowarddifferentkindsofbodylanguage.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是應(yīng)用文。文章是有關(guān)肢體語言運用的課程設(shè)計。)21．Towhomisthetextmostlikelywritten?A．Teachers. B．Students.C．Volunteers. D．Youngparents.解析：選A推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“ALessonPlanfromLifePlanningEducation:AYouthDevelopmentProgram〞及文章內(nèi)容介紹可知，本文是一堂課的課程設(shè)計內(nèi)容，由此可知，文章的受眾是老師。22．Whatdoweknowaboutthegame?A．Onevolunteerdrawsallcards.B．Volunteersguessfeelingsonebyone.C．Eachvolunteerisgiven25－35minutes.D．Feelingsoncardsareshownnonverbally.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“Steps〞局部中的“Thefirstvolunteer...withoutusingwords及thenextpersoninline...againwithoutwords〞可知，志愿者們在做猜詞嬉戲時，防止使用話語，只能用表演的方式呈現(xiàn)卡片上表示感覺的單詞。23．Whatareyouadvisedtodotoavoidoffensivebodylanguage?A．Learnaboutdifferentcultures.B．Behavehumorously.C．Actindirectly.D．Justletitbe.解析：選A推理推斷題。依據(jù)“Steps〞局部中的“beawareofculturalattitudestowarddifferentkindsofbodylanguage〞可知，為防止肢體語言冒犯他人，應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)習(xí)了解不同的文化。BAprilisNationalDistracted(分心的)DrivingAwarenessMonth,andweatNAPAAUTOPARTSdecidetohelpdriversimprovesafetyontheroadsandhighways.That'swhywe'vecreatedthefreeSafeTextingApp.Textingshowsabigriskfordriversthattextbehindsteeringwheels(方向盤)and,asaresult,forotherdriversontheroad,too.Distracteddrivingisoftenconsideredaproblemthatmostlyaffectsyoungerdriversbetweentheagesof16-19whorelyheavilyontextingtomunicatewithfriendsandfamily.Becausethesedriversaretypicallylessexperiencedthanolderdrivers,distractionsliketextingpresentgreatrisks.AccordingtoSafeTextingCampaign,teensarefourtimesaslikelytohaveanaccidentwhentextingorevenwhentalkingonahandheldmobilephone.Olderdriversdon'tgetridoftherisksofdistracteddriving,andthestatisticsareserious.AUniversityofUtahreportsuggeststhatdistractionfromusingahandheldorhands-freephonewhiledrivingincreasesreactiontimeasmuchashavingabloodalcoholcontent(血液酒精含量)of0.08%,thelegallimitfordrunkdriving.Distracteddrivingisafactorinaquarterofallpolice-reportedtrafficaccidents,and16%ofdeadlyaccidentsinvolvedrivers'distraction.DriversthatusethefreeSafeTextingAppnotonlyimprovesafetyforthemselvesandtheirpassengers,butalsoforothersontheroad.Theappsimplydetectswhenthemobilephoneuserisdrivingorridinginacarat15mphormore,anddisplaysthemessage“PleaseDon'tTextandDrive.〞Theappautomaticallyrepliestoiningtextmessages,lettingthesenderknowthatyou'redrivingandunabletorespondimmediately.Passengerscansimplyusethe“snooze(小睡)〞functiontoreactivatetexting.TheSafeTextingAppisavailableforiPhonesandAndroidmobilephones.VisitNAPAvisibilitynowtosignthepledge(保證),gettheappandtakeadvantageofourspecialoffers.Letusknowyou'vesignedthepledgeinthementsbelow.語篇解讀：本文介紹了汽車配件協(xié)會為了提高交通平安推出的一款免費軟件，以此來削減司機(jī)在駕駛時使用造成的事故。24．Whydoesdistracteddrivingmostlyaffectteendrivers?A．Becausetheycanonlyrelyontextingformunication.B．Becausetheylackenoughdrivingexperience.C．Becausetheyoftentalkonthemobilephones.D．Becausetheyaremostlyaffectedbyotherdrivers.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“Distracteddrivingisoftenconsideredaproblemthatmostlyaffectsyoungerdrivers...Becausethesedriversaretypicallylessexperiencedthanolderdrivers,distractionsliketextingpresentgreatrisks.〞可知，分心駕駛主要影響的是年輕司機(jī)，由于他們?nèi)狈︸{駛閱歷。25．Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A．Distracteddrivinghasbeenaserioussafetyproblem.B．Olderdriversliketextingbetterthanyoungeroneswhiledriving.C．SafeTextingCampaignhasdonemuchresearchintodistracteddriving.D．Distracteddrivingoftenaffectsyoungerdriversgreatly.解析：選A段落大意題。依據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，猶他州的一個高校的報告顯示，開車時用會降低人體反響速度，程度等同于血液內(nèi)酒精含量0.08%。警方報告的交通事故中，有四分之一是由分心駕駛引起的，而致死的交通事故中有16%是由于司機(jī)分心。由此可知第三段主要說明分心駕駛始終以來都是一個嚴(yán)峻的平安問題。26．HowdoesthefreeSafeTextingAppwork?A．Itcanstopdriversfromtextingmessages.B．Itwillturnoffyourphonesifyoutextwhiledriving.C．Itwillremindyoutodrivecarefully.D．Itcandetectyourdistractionandstopthecar.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段“Theappsimplydetectswhenthemobilephoneuserisdrivingorridinginacarat15mphormore,anddisplaysthemessage‘PleaseDon'tTextandDrive.’〞可知，這款軟件會在司機(jī)的駕駛速度在每小時15英里或更高的狀況下顯示“請不要發(fā)短信，仔細(xì)開車。〞由此可知，這款軟件會提示司機(jī)用心開車。27．WhichofthefollowingiscorrectaboutthefreeTextingApp?A．Youcandownloaditafterpayingsomemoney.B．TheappcanbeonlyusedoniPhones.C．Beforeyougetityouneedtomakeaformalpledge.D．Afterusingityouneedtowritesomements.解析：選C推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段“VisitNAPAvisibilitynowtosignthepledge(保證),gettheapp...〞可知，訪問NAPAvisibility然后簽署一個保證書，就可以得到這款軟件。由此可知，要得到這款軟件，要先做出一個正式的保證。CAsimplegesturecanbeformedintoachild'smemorysoquicklythatitwillcausethechildtogiveafalseanswertoaquestionacpaniedbythatgesture.Anewfindingsuggeststhatparents,socialworkers,psychologistsandlawyersshouldbecarefulwiththeirhandsaswellastheirwords.Gesturescanbeasinformativeasspeech,buthandgesturesaresomonthatwerarelynoticewhenwe'reusingthem.Whiletherecollection(回憶)ofbothadultsandchildreniseasytoreacttosuggestion,thememoriesofchildrenareknowntobeparticularlyinfluenced,saidleadresearcherSaraBroadersofNorthwesternUniversity.Kidsareusedtolookingtoadultstotelleventsforthemandcanbemisledevenifnotintentionally.Previousresearch,forexample,hasshownthatdetailedquestionsoftencausefalseanswers;whenasked,say,“Didyoudrinkjuiceatthepicnic？〞thechildislikelytosay“yes〞evenifnojuicehadbeenavailable.It'snotthatthechildislyingonpurpose.Rather,thedetailisquicklyformedintohisorhermemory.Toavoidthisproblem,socialworkershavelongbeenadvisedtoaskchildrenonlyopen-endedquestions,suchas“Whatdidyouhaveatthepicnic？〞Butanopen-endedquestionpairedwithagesture,brieflymeaningajuicebox,istreatedlikeadetailedquestion.Thatis,childrenbeelikelytoanswerfalsely.Anditisn'tjustafewkids:77%ofchildrengaveatleastonepieceoffalseinformationwhenadetailwassuggestedbyanordinarygesture.Gesturesmayalsobeemorepopularwhentalkingwithnon-fluentlanguageusers,suchaslittlekids,Broaderssaid,ashandmovementscanimpartmeaningofunfamiliarwordsandphrases.“Itcertainlyseemsreasonablethatadultswouldgesturemorewithchildren.〞Ingeneral,Broadersadvisesparentsandotheradultsto“trytobeawareofyourhandswhenquestioningachildaboutanevent.Otherwise,youmightbegettinganswersthatdon'treflectwhatactuallyhappened.〞語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。手勢語在肯定程度上會增加相互間的理解。然而，它也有消極作用，即誤導(dǎo)對方，尤其是會誤導(dǎo)孩子。本文探究了其中的緣由。28．Accordingtothetext,gestures________.A．havenotanyfunctionatallB．a(chǎn)rerarelyusedbypeopleC．havecertaineffectonchildrenD．a(chǎn)reoftenusedbysocialworkers解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段就已經(jīng)指出手勢語對孩子有影響，而全文都在說明這一觀點，應(yīng)選C。29．WhyarekidseasytobemisledbygesturesaccordingtoSaraBroaders?A．Thesegesturesareveryattractive.B．Theirmemoriesareaffectedeasily.C．Childrenareeasytotelllies.D．Thesegesturesareusedfrequently.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段的第一句和第三段可知，主要緣由是孩子的記憶很簡潔受到外界，例如詳細(xì)問題或者示意性手勢等的影響，應(yīng)選B。30．Theunderlinedword“impart〞inParagraph6means“________〞．A．separate B．tellapartC．confuse D．passon解析：選D詞義猜想題。本段最終一句話說大人對孩子使用更多的手勢語是特別有理由的。其緣由就是前一句話，即手勢語能夠傳達(dá)那些不熟識的單詞和短語的含義。31．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Gestures—aUsefulWayofEducationB．GesturesCanMisleadChildrenC．GesturesMeanAdults'DirectionsD．GesturesAffectChildrenMuch解析：選B標(biāo)題歸納題。整篇文章主要介紹了一項爭論結(jié)果，手勢語會對孩子產(chǎn)生誤導(dǎo)作用。選項D表達(dá)太寬泛。應(yīng)選B。DOneofthenewestwordsonthecoffeestageis“shadegrowncoffee〞.Shadegrowncoffeeisn'tnew.Infact,untilonlyafewyearsago,shadegrowncoffeerepresentedthemajorcoffeebeanssoldontheworldcoffeemarket.Thecoffeeplantisanaturalshadelover,growingbestintheshadeaffordedbyanovergrowingcanopy(樹冠)ofrainforestplants.Thatcanopyprotectsthecoffeeplantfromsunlightthatreducesitsproductionandkillsit.Shadegrowncoffeeis,howevermoreexpensivetogrow,atleastintheshortrun.Growingcoffeeintheshademeansthatcoffeegrowersalsohavetospendtimeworkingonthe_protectors.Itmeansthatlesslandislefttoproducecoffeebeans.Thearrivaloftechnicallyengineeredcoffeeplantsthatgrowwellinthesunrepresentedamajordevelopmentincoffeeindustry.Becausetherewasnoneedtogrowshadetreestoprotectthecoffeetrees,farmerscouldusemoreandmorelandtogrowcoffeetrees,increasingtheirproductivityandpossiblyleadingtomoremoneyforthecoffeeplantationsandfarmers.However,itwasnotagoodideatomoveawayfromshadegrowncoffee.Theshelteringcanopyprovidedmorethanjustshadeforthecoffeetrees.Thoseplantsprovidedshelterforbirdsandotheranimalswhofeedonpests.Theyhelptofixnitrogeninthesoil,andnitrogenisanaturalfertilizer,whichmakesplantsgrowmoresuccessfully.Theincreaseinlandusedtogrowsunlovingcoffeetreesalsohadanunexpectedeffectonthelawofsupplyanddemand(供需).Theincreasedproductionresultedinahugeamountofcoffeebeansingtothemarket,whichbroughtdownprices.Moreover,mostexpertsagreethatshadegrowncoffeeisbetterintastethancoffeegrowninfullsun.P