科技英語(yǔ)(1)學(xué)習(xí)

總復(fù)習(xí)題（3~7章）第三章1.Otherfactorsaffecttheconfigurationofthetotalsystem其他因素影響整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)2.Innormalflightthehatchdoorsfairintothefuselage正常飛行時(shí)，艙門(mén)與機(jī)身平整貼合3.Energycanneitherbecreated,nordestroyedbyanymeansknowntoman用人們已知的方法，既不能創(chuàng)造能量也不能消滅能量4.Itiscustomarytorefertodesignlevelsashighorlowoncomponentcomplexity習(xí)慣上根據(jù)部件的復(fù)雜程度把設(shè)計(jì)級(jí)稱(chēng)作高設(shè)計(jì)級(jí)或低設(shè)計(jì)級(jí)5.Themaineconomyofthesystemstemsfromtheabilitytomovecarsinacontinuestrainwithoutuncoupling此系統(tǒng)的主要經(jīng)濟(jì)之處在于它能夠移動(dòng)列車(chē)的車(chē)廂而不必將他們脫鉤分開(kāi)6.Heisastrangertotheoperationoftheelectroniccomputer他對(duì)于電子計(jì)算機(jī)的操作是陌生的7.Akeyelementinsystemcapacityplanningisthefinancialcostofperformance系統(tǒng)能力計(jì)劃中的關(guān)鍵因素是性能的經(jīng)濟(jì)成本8Theassemblercanexpandthekeywordsintheassemblycodeintotheirfullinstructionset這種匯編程序能把匯編代碼中的關(guān)鍵字?jǐn)U展成完整的指令集9Theflamedoesnottouchtheflaskdirectly燒瓶沒(méi)有直接接觸火焰10.Thestudyofthestrengthofsolidsinvolvesthestudyofthedefectsinthecrystallinestructure研究固體強(qiáng)度，就必須研究晶體結(jié)構(gòu)中的缺陷11.Theproblemwassolvedbytheprovisionofacompensationjet通過(guò)安裝一個(gè)補(bǔ)償噴頭，解決了這個(gè)問(wèn)題12Therustingofironistheslowchemicalcombinationoftheelementsironandoxygeninmoistatmosphere鐵元素生銹是鐵元素和氧元素在濕空氣中緩慢化合的現(xiàn)象13.Thedecayororganicmatterisaslowoxidationbyoxygenintheair有機(jī)物的腐爛是空氣中氧引起的一種緩慢氧化過(guò)程14.Inordertoimproveacertainkindofbattery,Edisonspentalmosttenyearsandmadenearly50000experiments為了改善一種電池的性能，愛(ài)迪生花了差不多十年時(shí)間，做了近50000次試驗(yàn)第四章1.Theriseintemperaturecouldnothavehappenedofitself溫度上升不可能是出于自身的原因2.Betheshapeofababycomplicated,itispossibletofindoutitsvolume不論物體的形狀如何復(fù)雜，人們均可求出它的體積3.Themoreenergywedesiretosend,thehigherwemakethevoltage要求輸送的電能越多，就得使電壓升的越高4.Themosttypicalhumanlikecharacteristicofarobotisitsarm機(jī)器人最具人性化的特點(diǎn)是它的機(jī)械臂5.InourstudiesoftheimplicationsfortheFirstLaw,wewereabletoseetheimportance我們研究第一定律時(shí)，可以明白區(qū)分狀態(tài)函數(shù)和路徑函數(shù)的重要性。6.Thefirstjobofanelectrontubeistogettheelectronsapartfromtheirnuclei電子管的第一項(xiàng)工作就是使電子與其原子核分開(kāi)。7.Thetypeofturbineusuallyrotatesataverylowspeed這種汽輪機(jī)通常以非常高的速度運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。8.Smallobjectssuchasdustparticlesandwaterdropletsfallonlysmalldistancesbeforelosingmostoftheiracceleration小對(duì)象例如微塵和水滴在丟失大多數(shù)之前落僅小距離他們的加速度

//ps:無(wú)答案9.Thesamehashappenedtothecentralcontrolsystem中心控制系統(tǒng)也發(fā)生過(guò)同樣的事故10.There’shardlyanyroomforanyimpuritiesinsuchamicrofiber在這種微纖維中，雜質(zhì)幾乎沒(méi)有存在的可能。11.HisinstanceswereLennardandStark,bothofthemwereNobellaureatesbutlaterbecauseferventfollowersofHitler他舉出勒納德及史塔克為例子。這兩個(gè)人都得過(guò)諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，但后來(lái)卻成了狂熱的希特勒信徒。12.Theprimaryfunctionofaregulatoristosupplyconstantpressuretoeachdevice調(diào)節(jié)器的基本功能是給每個(gè)裝置提供穩(wěn)定的壓力。13.Thebestuseoftheseequationsisincheckingthetheoreticalanalysesusingtheotherapproaches這些方程最大的用途是用來(lái)檢驗(yàn)采用其他方法的理論分析。14.Itisdesirabletocharacterizeelectricalnoiseasaccuratelyaspossible需要盡可能準(zhǔn)確地表征電噪聲。15.Itisknownthatlocalweathercanbeaffectedwithinafewdaysbymeteorologicalconditionsthousandsofmilesawayfromhere大家知道當(dāng)?shù)靥鞖饪赡軙?huì)影響在幾天內(nèi)幾千英里以外的氣象條件的來(lái)自于這里

//ps:無(wú)答案第五章1Thisseemstoindicatethatfurtherresearchwouldbenecessary..這似乎表明進(jìn)一步研究的必要性。2Ana.c.Motorissimilarinconstructiontoad.c.Motor.交流電動(dòng)機(jī)與直流電動(dòng)機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)相似。3Naturalenvironmentcanbeeasilyruinedbyinappropriateexploration.開(kāi)發(fā)不當(dāng)容易毀壞自然資源。4Negativechargesaremovingcounterclockwise.負(fù)電荷按逆時(shí)針?lè)较蛄鲃?dòng)。5Theaveragevalueofthevoltagecanbemeasuredpointbypoint.電壓的平均值可以逐點(diǎn)測(cè)量。6Theproblemofthematerialsiseasedbythelowerboilingpoint.由于沸點(diǎn)較低，材料問(wèn)題易于解決。7Asaresult,althoughthereisminimalfrictionpresent,alubricantisstillabsolutelyessential.因此，雖然有很小的摩擦，但潤(rùn)滑劑仍舊是必要的。8Removalprocedureforleft-handandright-handcyclicisessentiallythesame.左右兩邊循環(huán)氣缸的拆卸步驟基本上相同。9Substantially,anthecyanin,thepigmentthatturnsleaves—andapples—red,isproducedbysugarsthatremainsafterthenutrientsarechockedoff.本質(zhì)上，使樹(shù)葉和蘋(píng)果變紅的色素——花色素苷——是營(yíng)養(yǎng)去除后剩余的糖分產(chǎn)生的。10Massagewillaffectmusclesthroughoutthebody.推拿將會(huì)對(duì)全身的肌肉組織產(chǎn)生影響。11Inthistestthemajorpartisbackedoffelectrically.在此項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，主要部分被電補(bǔ)償。12Itisalsogoodforshockandimpactloads.它還適用于振動(dòng)和沖擊載荷。13Thetermminimumlifeisalsousedtomeanratinglife.最小壽命這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)也指額定壽命。14Usually,a2cmadjustmentofthemachineinenoughtobringthepressurebacktonormal.通常，把機(jī)器調(diào)整2cm就足以使壓力恢復(fù)。15Statisticsisarathermodernbranchofmathematics.統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)是一門(mén)相當(dāng)新的數(shù)學(xué)分支。16Computersprovidethemeansforgreaterspeedandaccuracyinworkingwithideasthanhadpreviouslybeenpossible.計(jì)算機(jī)提供了處理意念的手段，其速度和精確性都超過(guò)了以往所能達(dá)到的水平。17Lessthanaquarteroftheenergyofahumanengineisconvertedintomechanicalenergy.人體發(fā)出的不到四分之一的能量轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闄C(jī)械能。18Hydrogenisthelightestgas,itsdensitybeing0.0894g/l.氫是最輕的氣體，其密度為0.0894克/升。第六章1.Theconductivityofpolyacetylenedropsrapidlyincontactwithair.聚乙炔一接觸空氣，其導(dǎo)電性就迅速下降。2.Thereisabrighterfutureforintelligentdevicesinthehome.家庭智能裝置扔有著更加光明的前景。3.Thescientistsfoundthatthebloodvesselsinthelegcannotswell.科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)腿內(nèi)的血管不會(huì)腫脹。4.Onceuponatime,boldclaimsweremadeaboutcomputers,thefutureandthe“paperlessoffice”.曾幾何時(shí)，有人就有關(guān)計(jì)算機(jī)、未來(lái)和“無(wú)紙化辦公”做過(guò)大膽的預(yù)測(cè)。5.Thedoctoradvisedagainsttheuseofthenewtreatment.醫(yī)生建議不要使用新的治療方法。6.Ifagoodbasecannotbefoundatareasonabledepth,thenaso-calleddeepfoundationmustbeprovided.若在合理的深度內(nèi)找不到堅(jiān)實(shí)的地基層，那就要采用所謂的深基礎(chǔ)。7.Magneticlinesofforcecannotbeseen,butweknowtheyexistbywhattheydo.磁力線是看不見(jiàn)的，但是我們按照它們的作用即知它們的存在。8.WemayprocessdirectlywithKirchoff’svoltagelawforthecircuit.對(duì)于電路，我們可直接從克希荷夫電壓定律講起。9.Thepropervaluesofaandbaredeterminedformtwoconditions.a和b的值由兩個(gè)條件決定。10.Opticalcommunicationsarefreefromelectromagneticinterference光電通信不受電磁的干擾。11.Thistypeofdiscrepancy，couldhaveresultedfromdifferencesinkinetics.這種差異可能是由動(dòng)力的不同而造成的。12.Thevisualimageofthelettersmakingupthewordisconvertedintoitsspokenequivalent.首先將組成詞的各字母的視覺(jué)形象轉(zhuǎn)換成該詞的對(duì)應(yīng)的發(fā)音。13.Primitivemanmadeweapons,tools,andutensilsofcopper,brass,andbronze.原始人類(lèi)用銅、黃銅和青銅制作各種武器、工具和器皿。14.thelongerwavelengthsofradiosignalspassthroughtheatmosphererelativelyundisturbed.相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)，波長(zhǎng)較長(zhǎng)的射電訊號(hào)通過(guò)大氣時(shí)沒(méi)有受到干擾。15.mosthardness-testingsystemsemployastandardloadwhichisappliedtoaballorpyramidincontactwiththematerialtobetested.多數(shù)的硬度實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)使用一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)載荷加在與實(shí)驗(yàn)金屬相接觸的小球或棱錐上。16.allmetalsarecorrodibleunderthepropercircumstances.所有金屬在一定情況下都是可腐蝕的。17.thedesignoftherocketnozzlealsohasmuchtodowiththebehavioroftheexhaustandtheresultingvelocityofthevehicleitself.火箭噴管的設(shè)計(jì)與排氣的性能及飛行器本身的有效速度有很大關(guān)系。18.peripheralmillingoperationsareusuallyperformedonmillingmachineswiththespindlepositionedhorizontally;however,theycanalsobeperformedwithendmillsonvertical-spindlemachines.周銑作業(yè)通常在帶有水平定位主軸的銑床上進(jìn)行，但也可以在帶有端面銑刀的主軸銑床上進(jìn)行。19.copperandaluminumarethebestconductorsofelectriccurrentonlyaftersilver.銅和鋁是僅次于銀的最好的導(dǎo)體。20.fromvariousexperimentswecannotbutthinkthetheorytillholdsgood.根據(jù)各種實(shí)驗(yàn)，我們不得不承認(rèn)這個(gè)理論依然是性之有效的。21.hydrogenisgeneratedfromzincandsulfuricacid.氫由鋅和硫酸所產(chǎn)生。22.thesortoffishcannotliveinthetemperatezone,letaloneinthefrigidzone.這種魚(yú)不適合在溫帶生活，更不必說(shuō)寒帶了。23.thelocomotivedevelopedsomenewproblemsonitsline-test.這臺(tái)機(jī)車(chē)在試運(yùn)行時(shí)出現(xiàn)了一些新問(wèn)題。24.gasescanbechemisorbedorphysicallyabsorbedonsolids.氣體能化學(xué)吸附或物理吸附在固體上。25.underidealconditionsthefatiguefailurewillconsistofaspottingoftheload-carryingsurfaces.在理想條件下，疲勞失效將是承載表面的點(diǎn)蝕。26.Oxidationimpliesthecombinationofotherelementswithoxygentoformcompounds.氧化意味著其他元素與氧形成化合物。第七章Peripheralmillingshouldgenerallynotbedoneifthepartcanbeacemilled.如果部件可以端銑，一般不應(yīng)進(jìn)行周銑。Facemillingisdoneonbothhorizontalandverticalmillingmachines.端銑在臥式和立式銑床上進(jìn)行。Afterfullyrelievinginternalpressure,removethenutsandboltsaroundflangejointofcontainer.內(nèi)壓完全消除后，拆下容器法蘭盤(pán)四周螺母及螺栓。Allgasesat0℃arefoundtogain1partin273oftheirvolumewhenheatedto1℃,solongasthepressureremainsconstant.只要壓力保持不變，將0℃的任何氣體加熱到1℃，其體積就增加1/273.Ifacatalystwasused,thereactionwouldoccurmorequickly.如果我們使用了催化劑，反應(yīng)可以進(jìn)行得更快。Lossofwatercausesthewoodtoshrinkandbecomemuckstifferandharder.失去水分使木材收縮，從而變得更堅(jiān)硬。Agraphshowstherelationshipbetweentwoormorevariables..曲線圖表示兩個(gè)或更多變量之間的關(guān)系。Electricityisworkingeverywhere,soeveryoneshouldknowsomethingabouthowitisgeneratedandhowitbehaves.到處都用電在工作，所以每個(gè)人必須了解一些有關(guān)電是如何產(chǎn)生的以及電的性能。Applicationsvendorsandusersaswellastheoperatingsystemdeveloperswillstandtobenefit.應(yīng)用軟件供應(yīng)商、用戶以及操作系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)者均可受益。Thescientistslookuponthecellasboththestructuralandfunctionalunitofalllife..科學(xué)家們把細(xì)胞看作是整個(gè)生命的結(jié)構(gòu)單位和功能單位。Theheatthatwarmsabodydoesnotchangeeithertheweightofthebodyoritsinertia.使一物體變暖的熱，既不改變?cè)撐矬w的重量，也不改變其慣性。Thedieselenginerequiresneitheranignitionsystemnoracarburetor.柴油機(jī)既不需要點(diǎn)火系統(tǒng)，也不需要汽化器。Astheatomsapproach,thesplittingbetweentheenergylevelswillbeincreased.隨著原子的接近，能極之間的分裂將增加。Anelasticmaterialreturnstoitsoriginalshapeafterbeingforcedoutofthatshape.彈性材料在受壓而改變其形狀之后會(huì)恢復(fù)原形。Strangeasitmaysound,theheatofthesuncanbeutillzedtoproducecold.聽(tīng)起來(lái)雖然很奇怪，但太陽(yáng)的熱可用來(lái)制冷。Thusthedecisiontouseafixedwingwasonethathadtomadebeforeanairplanecouldflysatisfactorily.因此，首先必須決定使用固定機(jī)翼，然后才能造出令人滿意地進(jìn)行飛行的飛機(jī)。Thefilamentcannotoxidizeinthesegases,astheydon'tcontainoxygen.燈絲在這些氣體中不會(huì)氧化，因?yàn)檫@些氣體不含氧氣。Sinceradarwavesdifferinsizefromlightwaves,theyactinadifferentway.由于雷達(dá)波的尺寸和光波不同，所以作用也不同。Suchenginesarealsocalledinternalcombustionengines,becausethefuelisburnedinthecylinder.這種發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)也稱(chēng)為內(nèi)燃機(jī)，因?yàn)槿剂显谄變?nèi)燃燒。Atransformerisveryusefuldevice,eventhoughtitcanbeusedonlywithalternatingcurrent.變壓器是很有用的裝置，雖然它只能用于交流電。21.Outerringshallbe30mmindiameterunlessotherwisespecified除非另有規(guī)定，外圈的直徑應(yīng)為30毫米。22.Don’ttrimwindshieldtofinalsizeuntilallm