第14章專題之二體育旅游開發(fā)

27五月2023第14章專題之二體育旅游開發(fā)SportTourism體育旅游Content內(nèi)容Definitions定義History發(fā)展過程Types類型Issues/Trends問題、發(fā)展趨勢WHATISSPORTTOURISM?SportTourism體育旅游“Travelfornon-commercialreasonstoparticipateorobservesportingactivitiesawayfromthehomerange”(Hall,1992)“Allformsofactiveandpassiveinvolvementinsportingactivity,participatedincasuallyorinanorganizedwayfornon-commercialorbusiness/commercialreasons,thatnecessitatetravelawayfromhomeandworklocality”(Standeven&Deknop,1999)“Holidaysinvolvingsportingactivityeitherasaspectatororaparticipant”(Weed&Bull,1997)體育旅游是以參與或觀賞體育活動(dòng)為目的,或以體育為內(nèi)容而產(chǎn)生的一種短暫性的生活方式,是旅游者在旅游和暫時(shí)性停留中所引起的一切與體育有關(guān)的現(xiàn)象和關(guān)系的總和。Sporttourist體育旅游者“Atemporaryvisitorstayingatleast24hoursintheeventareaandwhoseprimarypurposeistoparticipateinasportseventwiththeareabeingasecondaryattractions”(Nowagaetal,1996)“Individualsand/orgroupsofpeoplewhoactivelyorpassivelyparticipateincompetitiveorrecreationalsport,whiletravellingtoand/orstayinginplacesoutsidetheirusualenvironment”(Gammon&Robinson,1997)Definitions定義SportTourismSportTouristISSPORTTOURISMANEWFIELD?HistoryofSport+Tourism

發(fā)展過程Ancient(776B.C.—480A.D.)GreeceOlympicGames(776B.C)Rome(200B.C—480A.D.)Gladiators角斗士

MiddleAgesandRenaissance(500—1400A.D)Jousting馬上槍術(shù)比賽HistoryofSport+Tourism16th–19thCenturiesTheEuropeanGrandTourInitiallyinvolvedculturaltourism,butspreadtooutdoorscenery(skiingintheSwissAlps)andspectatorandparticipantevents(fencing,horseracing,hunting)19th–20thCenturiesDevelopmentofteamsportprovidedspectatoropportunitiesforthemassesDevelopmentofmasstransportationprovidedaccessHistoryofModernSportDevelopedinlate19thandearly20thCenturiesBaseball,AmericanFootball,Soccer,Basketball(Team);Skiing,Mountaineering(Individual)Explosionduring1970sand1980sCableTV,LiveBroadcasting,EmergenceofSportsMediaIcons(MichaelJordan)ExtremeSports/Adventuresports“inthings”suchasbackpacking,hiking,trekking,bridgejumping,bungeejumpingWHATARESOMEEXAMPLESOFSPORTTOURISM?TypesofSportTourism

類型Participant(Active)參與型Spectator/Observer(Event)觀賞型Nostalgia懷舊型Participants(Active)

參與型TopperformanceAthletesOlympics,ProfessionalLeagues,SeriousLeisureAthletesGolf,Snowboarding,RoadRacersHealthandFitnessAthletesRunners,Bikers,ResortsRecreationalorSocialAthletesBowling,Golf,Tennis,Cruises乘船游覽

IndirectParticipantsInstructors,Trainers,GuidesSpectator/Observer(Event)

觀賞型PayingorNon-payingVisitorsFans“Official”SupportPersonnelOfficial,Coaches,Trainers,EventPersonnel“unofficial”SupportPersonnelFamily,FriendsMediaReporters,Photographers,BroadcastersNostalgia懷舊型SportsMuseumsChinaSportsMuseumThemedBarsandRestaurantsESPNClub,YaoRestaurant&BarHeritageEvents,SportsReunions25thReunionofthe1980sHoustonAstrosChinasportMuseum

中國體育博物館

YaoRestaurant

&BarWHATARESOMEISSUESANDTRENDSOFSPORTTOURISM?Issues存在問題SeasonalityAlltourismventuresmustdealwithperiodicupsanddownsassociatedwithtouristsupply/demandSomesportshavenaturalseasonsDownhillskiing,ProfessionalSportsLeaguesSustainableDevelopmentHowcansportstourismbepromotedinwaysthatcanbemaintainedandwillnotbeoverly-destructiveofnaturalresourcesorenvironment?

Trends發(fā)展趨勢DevelopingMarkets市場開發(fā)NostalgiaTourismSportsMuseumHistoricorFamousSites(OlympicSites)Fantasysportsweekends,CruisesExtremeSportTourismHiking,trekking,bridgejumping,bungeejumpingVisualSportsTourismHomevideogames,virtualreality,FantasySportsTrends發(fā)展趨勢ParticipationPatterns參與方式Individual,ratherthanteamsportsDiversification(cross-participation)Sportshybridscontinuetodevelop(snowboarding)Sportsadapttourbanlife(indoorclimbingfacilities)Naturalenvironments(providerisk,uncertainty)willincreaseinpopularityassportstourismdestinations分析：北京奧運(yùn)遺產(chǎn)旅游開發(fā)Visibleheritages

有形奧運(yùn)遺產(chǎn)Invisibleheritages

無形奧運(yùn)遺產(chǎn)Olympicvenues奧運(yùn)場館：“Bird‘sNest”鳥巢the“WaterCube”水立方OlympicPark奧體公園andsoon.Measuresofdevelopment

北京奧運(yùn)遺產(chǎn)旅游開發(fā)措施Hostingsportevents積極承辦體育賽事Developingtheexhibitionindustry著力發(fā)展會(huì)展業(yè)Greateffortstodevelopsportsleisure,travel,fitnessexercise大力發(fā)展體育休閑、旅游、健身運(yùn)動(dòng)Developingculturalentertainmentandculturalfestivals繁榮發(fā)展文化娛樂業(yè)，精心培育文化節(jié)事

Review

總結(jié)與回顧Definitions定義History發(fā)展過程Types類型Issues/Trends問題、發(fā)展趨勢Practice練習(xí)SupposeyouaretheheadofthenewlyfoundedSportTourismDepartmentunderChinaSportsBureau.AtaworkingconferenceoftheBureau,youandyourcolleaguesproposetoinc