河南省洛陽市2022-2023學(xué)年高二英語寫作競(jìng)賽試題 【含答案 解析】

第1頁/共1頁洛陽市2022——2023學(xué)年高中生英語寫作比賽高二英語試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考號(hào)、學(xué)校等填寫在試卷指定位置上。2.將答案寫在本試卷上。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷交回。I.Completethepassagebyfillingonewordineachblank.(20blanks,20points)語法填空。Livinginaforeigncountryisfunbutitisn’talwayseasy.Therearemanydifferencesbetweenculturesalthoughsomeofthesedifferencesareunimportant.Somecan____1____alotofembarrassment.In____2____totheobviouslanguageproblemsoflivingina____3____country,IcertainlyexperiencedcultureshockwhenIwaslivinginParis.IknowI’mnotthe____4____one,soIspoketoafewforeignfriendsabouthowtheyexperiencedcultureshockinChina.AubinarrivedtwomonthsagofromEuropetotakepartina____5____programmeinShanghai.Beforeheleft,hewasactually____6____thedifferencesbetweenEuropeanandChinesecultures,____7____everythingfromtablemannerstoclassroombehaviour.However,somethingshavestilltakenhimby____8____.Forexample,hecouldn’tunderstandwhywaitersdidnotwanttoacceptthe____9____hegavethemaftermealsinrestaurants.____10____friend,Julia,cametoGuangzhoufromLondontoteachatalanguageschool.Afteramonth,shetoldmethatshewasreallyletdownbyher____11____.Iaskedherwhyandshetoldmethattheywereso____12____,thatshewastheonlypersontalkinginclassanditfeltlikethechildrenwere____13____herbymakinghertalktothewalls!AnditisnotonlytheWestandtheEastthathaveculturaldifferences.EvenKoreaandChinatwocountriesthatarevery____14____toeachotherhavedifferencestoo.“IthoughtChineseandKoreanpeoplewerethesame,”saidmyfriendJi-Hyuninperfect____15____,“butIwaswrong.InancienttimestheChinese____16____totaketheirshoesoff.Theydon’tdothatanymore,butKoreanpeoplestilldo!”Luckily,____17____wetakeourshoesoffornot,orleaveunnecessarytips,theworldstillrunsperfectly.Inmyopinion,culturaldifferencesshouldsimplybeseen____18____awayofmakinglifeinteresting.Imaginehowboringitwouldbeifwealldideverythingexactlythe____19____way!Learningtounderstandandrespectdifferencesis,afterall,____20____lifeisallabout.【答案】1.cause2.exposure3.foreign4.only5.language6.taught7.including8.surprise9.tips10.Another11.students12.quiet13.punishing14.close15.Chinese16.used17.whether18.as19.same20.what【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章列舉了作者的幾個(gè)朋友的經(jīng)歷來說明文化沖擊?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：一些會(huì)引起很多尷尬?？仗帒?yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形和can構(gòu)成謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)上文“althoughsomeofthesedifferencesareunimportant”可知，此處指一些文化方面的不同可能會(huì)造成很多尷尬，動(dòng)詞cause“造成，引起”符合題意。故填cause?！?題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：在異國他鄉(xiāng)生活的明顯語言問題中，我在巴黎生活時(shí)確實(shí)經(jīng)歷了文化沖擊。根據(jù)“obviouslanguageproblemsoflivingina3country”可知，此處指在國外時(shí)面臨語言問題，“面臨，遭受”用短語inexposureto。故填response。【3題詳解】考查形容詞。句意同上?？仗帒?yīng)填形容詞作定語修飾名詞country，根據(jù)“Icertainlyexperiencedcultureshock”可知，此處指在國外生活，形容詞foreign“國外的”符合題意。故填foreign?！?題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我知道我不是唯一一個(gè)，所以我和一些外國朋友聊了聊他們是如何在中國經(jīng)歷文化沖擊的。根據(jù)下文“soIspoketoafewforeignfriendsabouthowtheyexperiencedcultureshockinChina.”可知，作者不是唯一一個(gè)經(jīng)歷文化沖擊的人，形容詞only“唯一的”符合題意。故填only?！?題詳解】考查名詞。句意：Aubin兩個(gè)月前從歐洲來到上海參加一個(gè)語言項(xiàng)目。結(jié)合句意表示“語言項(xiàng)目”應(yīng)用languageprogramme，名詞language作定語。故填language?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：在他離開之前，他實(shí)際上被教導(dǎo)了歐洲和中國文化之間的差異，包括從餐桌禮儀到課堂行為的一切。結(jié)合句意表示“教”用動(dòng)詞teach，主語he和teach之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，空處填過去分詞taught和was構(gòu)成一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填taught。【7題詳解】考查介詞。句意同上。下文“everythingfromtablemannerstoclassroombehaviour.”表示列舉，結(jié)合句意介詞including“包括”符合題意。故填including?！?題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：然而，有些事情仍然讓他感到驚訝。根據(jù)下文“Forexample,hecouldn’tunderstandwhywaitersdidnotwanttoacceptthe9hegavethemaftermealsinrestaurants.”可知，有些事情讓Aubin感到驚訝，因此名詞surprise符合題意，抽象概念不可數(shù)。故填surprise?！?題詳解】考查名詞。句意：例如，他不明白為什么服務(wù)員不愿意接受他在餐館用餐后給他們的小費(fèi)。空處應(yīng)填名詞作賓語，根據(jù)“hegavethemaftermealsinrestaurants.”可知是指小費(fèi)，名詞tip符合句意，此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式表泛指。故填tips。【10題詳解】考查代詞。句意：另一個(gè)朋友Julia從倫敦來到廣州，在一所語言學(xué)校任教。上段介紹了作者的朋友之一Aubin，本段介紹另一個(gè)朋友Julia，因此another符合題意。故填A(yù)nother?！?1題詳解】考查名詞。句意：一個(gè)月后，她告訴我，她的學(xué)生真的讓她失望了。空處應(yīng)填名詞作賓語，結(jié)合Julia老師的身份推知，讓她失望的是她的學(xué)生，student“學(xué)生”符合題意，學(xué)生不止一個(gè)，用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填students。【12題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我問她為什么，她告訴我，他們太安靜了，她是課堂上唯一說話人，感覺孩子們讓她對(duì)著墻說話是在懲罰她！空處應(yīng)填形容詞作表語，根據(jù)下文“shewastheonlypersontalkinginclass”可知，學(xué)生們都太安靜了，形容詞quiet符合題意。故填quiet?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞和語態(tài)。句意同上。根據(jù)“bymakinghertalktothewalls!”推知，Julia認(rèn)為學(xué)生通過不講話的方式來懲罰她，動(dòng)詞punish“懲罰”符合題意，此處用其現(xiàn)在分詞和were構(gòu)成過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示過去一段時(shí)間一直發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。故填punishing?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：即使是韓國和中國這兩個(gè)非常近國家也存在分歧?？仗帒?yīng)填形容詞作表語，結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，中國和韓國離得近，形容詞close“近的”符合題意，becloseto“靠近”。故填close?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。句意：“我以為中國人和韓國人在某些方面很相似，”我的朋友JiHyun用完美的中文說，“但我錯(cuò)了。在古代，中國人在進(jìn)屋前都會(huì)脫鞋。他們現(xiàn)在不再這樣做了，但韓國人仍然這樣做！”空處應(yīng)填名詞作賓語，因?yàn)镴iHyun在中國，由此推知她的中文很好，因此空處填Chinese“中文”，inperfectChinese“用完美的中文”。故填Chinese?！?6題詳解】考查固定短語。句意同上。根據(jù)“Theydon’tdothatanymore”可知，此處指中國人過去進(jìn)屋前會(huì)脫鞋，但現(xiàn)在不這樣了，短語usedtodo“過去常常做某事（現(xiàn)在不做了）”符合題意。故填used?！?7題詳解】考查連詞。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，無論我們是否脫下鞋子，或者留下不必要的小費(fèi)，世界仍然運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)得很完美。空處應(yīng)填連接詞引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示“無論……還是……”用whether...or...。故填whether?！?8題詳解】考查介詞。句意：在我看來，文化差異應(yīng)該被簡(jiǎn)單地看作是讓生活變得有趣的一種方式。結(jié)合句意可知，此處考查短語beseenas“被看作”。故填as?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：想象一下，如果我們都以完全相同的方式做每件事，那將是多么無聊！根據(jù)“howboringitwouldbe”可知，此處指如果大家的行事方式完全一樣，就會(huì)非常無聊，因此形容詞same“一樣的”符合題意，thesameway“用相同的方式”。故填same?！?0題詳解】考查連詞。句意：畢竟，學(xué)會(huì)理解和尊重差異才是人生的真諦。空處引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句缺少賓語，指代事物，用連接代詞what。故填what。II.TranslatethefollowingexpressionsintoEnglish.(10expressions,10points)漢譯英21.龍門石窟_(dá)_______22.牡丹花________23.十三朝古都________24.賓語補(bǔ)足語________25.六度分割________26.腦細(xì)胞________27.快遞員________28.勞動(dòng)節(jié)________29.說明文________30.社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀________【答案】21.LongmenGrottoes22.peony23.theancientcapitalof13dynasties

24.objectcomplement25.sixdegreesofseparation26.braincell27.deliveryman28.LabourDay

29.expositorywriting

30.coresocialistvalues

【解析】【21題詳解】“龍門石窟”翻譯為L(zhǎng)ongmenGrottoes。故填LongmenGrottoes?！?2題詳解】“牡丹花”翻譯為peony。故填peony?！?3題詳解】“古都”是theancientcapital，“十三個(gè)朝代”是13dynasties，“十三朝古都”理解為“十三個(gè)朝代的首都”翻譯為theancientcapitalof13dynasties。故填theancientcapitalof13dynasties?！?4題詳解】“賓語”是object，“補(bǔ)語”是complement，“賓語補(bǔ)足語”翻譯為objectcomplement。故填objectcomplement?！?5題詳解】“度”是degree，“分割”是separation，“六度分割”翻譯為sixdegreesofseparation。故填sixdegreesofseparation?！?6題詳解】“腦細(xì)胞”翻譯為braincell。故填braincell?！?7題詳解】“快遞員”翻譯為deliveryman。故填deliveryman?！?8題詳解】“勞動(dòng)節(jié)”翻譯為L(zhǎng)abourDay。故填LabourDay?！?9題詳解】“說明文”翻譯為expositorywriting。故填expositorywriting?！?0題詳解】“社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀”翻譯為coresocialistvalues。故填coresocialistvalues。III.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.(5sentences,10points)31.聽而易忘，見而易記，做而易懂。（漢譯英）【答案】IhearandIforget.IseeandIremember.IdoandIunderstand.【解析】【詳解】考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。句意：聽而易忘，見而易記，做而易懂。該句翻譯為現(xiàn)代漢語為：如果只是聽就容易忘記，如果親眼見到就容易記住，如果親自動(dòng)手就容易理解?！奥犚姟笨墒褂脛?dòng)詞hear，“忘記”可使用動(dòng)詞forget，“看見”可使用動(dòng)詞hear，“記住”可使用動(dòng)詞remember，“理解”可使用動(dòng)詞understand。句子描述一般性事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在是，故翻譯為IhearandIforget.IseeandIremember.IdoandIunderstand.。32.鞠躬盡瘁死而后已。（漢譯英）【答案】Giveone'salltillone'sheartstopsbeating.【解析】【詳解】考查時(shí)間狀語從句和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：鞠躬盡瘁死而后已。該句翻譯為現(xiàn)代漢語為：不辭辛勞，貢獻(xiàn)自己的一切，到死為止?！柏暙I(xiàn)自己的一切”可翻譯為giveone'sall，“直到才”可使用連詞till，“到死為止”可翻譯為one'sheartstopsbeating。主句為祈使句，從句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故翻譯為Giveone'salltillone'sheartstopsbeating.。33.千里之行始于足下。(漢譯英）【答案】Athousand-milejourneybeginswiththefirststep.【解析】【詳解】考查固定短語和時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)漢語意思表示“始于”可知短語為beginwith；表示“千里之行”可知短語為athousand-milejourney；此處陳述客觀事實(shí)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語為journey，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)。故翻譯為Athousand-milejourneybeginswiththefirststep.34.我要把有限的生命投入到無限的為人民服務(wù)當(dāng)中去。（漢譯英）【答案】Iwilldevotemylimitedlifetolimitlesslyservingthepeople.【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和固定搭配。表示個(gè)人意愿用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will，后接動(dòng)詞原形形式；“把……投入……，致力于……”表達(dá)為devote...to...；“有限的生命”表達(dá)為limitedlife，作賓語；“服務(wù)人民”表達(dá)為servethepeople，此處用serve的動(dòng)名詞形式作介詞to的賓語；“無限地”表達(dá)為limitlessly作狀語。綜上，故翻譯為Iwilldevotemylimitedlifetolimitlesslyservingthepeople.35.海內(nèi)存知己，天涯若比鄰。（漢譯英）【答案】Longdistanceseparatesnobosomfriends.【解析】【詳解】考查固定短語?！昂?nèi)存知己，天涯若比鄰。”該句翻譯為現(xiàn)代漢語為：海內(nèi)有知心的朋友，即使遠(yuǎn)隔天涯，也像是近鄰一樣，即再遠(yuǎn)的距離也無法將知心的朋友分開。“遠(yuǎn)距離”可翻譯為longdistance，作主語，“知心朋友”可翻譯為bosomfriends，“使……分離”可使用動(dòng)詞separate，句子描述一般性事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用三單形式。故翻譯為L(zhǎng)ongdistanceseparatesnobosomfriends.。IV.WritesentencesThefourpicturesareaboutancientChineseinventions.Pleasewritethenameoftheinventionthatmatchesthepictureandwriteoneortwosentencesbelowtodescribetheinventionbriefly.36.________________________________________37.________________________________________38.________________________________________39.________________________________________【答案】36.Gunpowder:GunpowderwasinventedinChinainthe9thcenturyandwasusedforwarfareandfireworksandlaterrevolutionizedthewayarmiesfoughtbattlesandhowpeopleenjoyedentertainment.37.Compass:ThecompasswasinventedinChinaaroundthe3rdcenturyBCandwasusedfornavigationandexploration,allowingpeopletoventureoutandmapunknownterritories.38.Paper:PaperwasinventedinChinaaround105ADandrevolutionizedthewaypeoplecommunicatedbyallowingthemtostoreandtransmitinformationquicklyandefficiently.39.Printing:PrintingwasinventedinChinainthe11thcenturyandwasusedtoquicklyreproducebooksandotherdocuments,makingiteasiertospreadknowledgeandinformationtoawideraudience.【解析】【分析】看圖寫句子【36題詳解】第一幅圖是四大發(fā)明之一的“火藥”?；鹚幱?世紀(jì)在中國發(fā)明，用于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和煙花，后來徹底改變了軍隊(duì)作戰(zhàn)的方式和人們享受娛樂的方式。對(duì)其描述為：Gunpowder:GunpowderwasinventedinChinainthe9thcenturyandwasusedforwarfareandfireworks,andlaterrevolutionizedthewayarmiesfoughtbattlesandhowpeopleenjoyedentertainment.(運(yùn)用了省略關(guān)系詞的定語從句和連接副詞how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句)【37題詳解】第二幅圖是四大發(fā)明之一的“指南針”。大約在公元前3世紀(jì)，中國發(fā)明了指南針，用于航海和探險(xiǎn)，使人們能夠冒險(xiǎn)外出，繪制未知地區(qū)的地圖。對(duì)其描述為：Compass:ThecompasswasinventedinChinaaroundthe3rdcenturyBCandwasusedfornavigationandexploration,allowingpeopletoventureoutandmapunknownterritories.(運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語)【38題詳解】第三幅圖是四大發(fā)明之一的“紙”。紙是公元105年左右在中國發(fā)明的，它使人們能夠快速有效地存儲(chǔ)和傳遞信息，從而徹底改變了人們的交流方式。對(duì)其描述為：Paper:PaperwasinventedinChinaaround105ADandrevolutionizedthewaypeoplecommunicatedbyallowingthemtostoreandtransmitinformationquicklyandefficiently.(運(yùn)用了省略關(guān)系詞的定語從句和介詞短語作方式狀語)39題詳解】第四幅圖是四大發(fā)明之一的“印刷術(shù)”。印刷術(shù)于11世紀(jì)在中國發(fā)明，用于快速復(fù)制書籍和其他文件，使知識(shí)和信息更容易傳播給更廣泛的受眾。對(duì)其描述為：Printing:PrintingwasinventedinChinainthe11thcenturyandwasusedtoquicklyreproducebooksandotherdocuments,makingiteasiertospreadknowledgeandinformationtoawideraudience.(運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語)V.Writeapassageaccordingtherequirement.(words:100-150)(25points)40.Writeapassageaccordingtherequirement.(words:100-150)Pleasewriteapassagetotellyourexperiencesandviewsonsharinglearningskillswithyourclassmates.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Ibelievethatsharinglearningskillswithclassmatesisagreatwaytobenefiteveryoneinthegroup.Ihavepersonallyexperiencedthebenefitsofthiskindofcollaboration.Lastsemester,ItookacourseinCalculusandwashavingsomedifficultyunderstandingsomeoftheconcepts.Idecidedtoreachouttomyclassmatestogetsomehelp.Severalofmyclassmateswereeagertohelpandweformedastudygroup.Wealltookturnsexplainingmaterialtoeachotherandthishelpedusallgainabetterunderstandingofthesubject.Bytheendofthesemester,weallfeltmoreconfidentaboutthematerial.Sharinglearningskillswithclassmatesisanexcellentwaytoexpandourknowledgeandimproveourunderstandingofatopic.Itisagreatwaytobuildrelationshipswithothersandmakelearningmoreenjoyable.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于開放性作文。要求考生寫一篇文章，講述與同學(xué)分享學(xué)習(xí)技巧的經(jīng)歷和觀點(diǎn)?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累方法：way→method/means合作：collaboration→cooperation決定：decide→resolve/determine極好的：excellent→wonderful/fantastic2.句式拓展合并簡(jiǎn)單句為復(fù)合句原句：Lastsemester,ItookacourseinCalculusandwashavingsomedifficultyunderstandingsomeoftheconcepts.Idecidedtoreachouttomyclassmatestogetsomehelp.拓展句：Lastsemester,becauseItookacourseinCalculusandwashavingsomedifficultyunderstandingsomeoftheconcepts,Idecidedtoreachouttomyclassmatestogetsomehelp.【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Ibelievethatsharinglearningskillswithclassmatesisagreatwaytobenefiteveryoneinthegroup.(運(yùn)用了連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句和動(dòng)名詞短語作主語)[高分句型2]Sharinglearningskillswithclassmatesisanexcellentwaytoexpandourknowledgeandimproveourunderstandingofatopic.(運(yùn)用了動(dòng)名詞作主語和不定式作后置定語)VI.讀后續(xù)寫41.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。Itwas

ChristmasDay.Pappywasworkingalonefixinganoldlanterninthebackroomwhenheheardtheringingofhisbellontheshopdoor.The

bell,whichproducedauniquelypleasantsound,hadbeeninPappy’sfamilyforoverahundredyears.Hevalueditdearlyandenjoyedsharingitssongwithallwhocametohisshop.Althoughthebellhungontheinsideofthemaindoor,

Pappy

hadtiedawiretothescreendoorsothatitwouldringwhethertheinnerdoorwasopenornot.Hearingthebell,heleftthebackroomtogreethiscustomer.“AndhowcanIhelpyou,littlelady?”Pappy’svoicewasjoyful.“Hello,sir.”

Thelittlegirl

spokealmostinawhisper.ShelookedatPappywithherbigbrowneyes,andthenslowlyscannedtheroominsearchofsomething

special.Shylyshetoldhim,“I’dliketobuyapresent,sir.”“Well,let’ssee,”Pappysaid,“whoisthis

present

for?”“My

grandpa.It’sformygrandpa.ButIdon’tknowwhattoget.”Pappybegantomakesuggestions.“Howaboutapocketwatch?It’singoodcondition.”Thelittlegirldidn’tanswer.Shehadwalkedtothedoorwayandputhersmallhandonthedoor.Sheshookthedoorgentlytoringthebell.Pappy’sfaceseemedtoglowashesawhersmilingwithexcitement.“Thisisjustright,”thelittlegirlsaid.“Momma

saysgrandpalovesmusic.”Justthen,Pappy’sexpressionchanged.Fearfulofbreakingthelittlegirl’sheart,hetoldher,“I’msorry,Missy.That’snotforsale.Maybeyourgrandpawouldlikethislittleradio.”Thegirllookedattheradio,bowedherhead,andsadly

sighed,“No,Idon’tthinkso.”InanefforttohelpherunderstandPappytoldherthatthebellhadbeenhisonlycompanion,fortherestofhisfamilywereallgonenow,exceptforhisestrangeddaughter

whomhehadnotseenfornearlyadecade.注意：所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段開頭語已為你寫好；Paragraph1:Withagianttearinhereye,thelittlegirllookedupathim.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:LaterthateveningwhenPappywasclosinguptheshop,heheardafamiliarringing.___________________________________________________________________________