2021屆南昌縣廣福二中高三英語月考試題及參考答案

2021屆南昌縣廣福二中高三英語月考試題及參考答案第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項AMymotherandherbestfriendMarthawereintheirmid-80swhentheysaweachotherforthelasttime.Theyhadbeenfriendssincetheywere18,bothofthemstudentsatWesleyanCollegeinMacon,Georgia.Mymotherwasthedreamyone,wholovedtoreadanddreamherselfasanactress.Martha,however,wasmorepractical.I’mnotsurewhattheyhadincommonexceptthattheytrustedeachother,helpedeachother,andstayedintouchevenwhenlifeseparatedthem.MarthaspentmostofheradulthoodinAtlanta,wheresheraisedthreekids.Mymother,meanwhile,raisedeightchildren,andmovedmanytimesduringherfinanciallyandemotionallytroubledmarriage,whichincludedseveralmonthslivingwithherfamilyinseedvmotels.Isensedmymotherhidhertroublesfrommostpeople,butnotfromMartha,andIknewfrommymotherthatMarthacarriedherownsorrows.Theirwillingnesstosharesorrowwithoutjudgmentwaspartofwhatbondthem.Thebestfriendshipscanalsowithstand（抵擋）periodswithoutcommunication.Theydidn’tcommunicatealot—thiswasbeforetheeaseofemailsandtextsandyetIknewtheywerealwaysineachother’sminds.Onedayin2008,1drovemymothertoMartha’shousefortheirfinalvisit.Themomentmymotherhobbled（蹣跚）intoMartha’shouse,theythrewtheirarmsaroundeachotherandwenttositoutinthegarden,laughinguntiltheyweredizzy.Isnappedaphoto,andspottedsomethingjoyous,youngandfreeonmymom,whichexistedonlyinthepresenceofherbestfriend.Twoyearslater,mymotherdied.OfallthepeopleIhadtotell,MarthawasthehardestbecauseIfeltiterasedherpast.Afterthat,welosttouch.ButIstillthinkofherandhowthatfriendshipstrengthenedmymother.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“seedy”inParagraph3probablymean?A.large B.dirty C.urban D.brightTheauthor’smotherandMarthahadalastingfriendshippartlybecausethey .A.werewillingtoshare B.wereconstantlyintouchC.hadmuchincommon D.hadalikenessinpersonalityWhatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?Totelltheimportanceoffriendship.Toexpresshisgratitudetohismother.Tosharehisstandardofchoosingafriend.TopraisethefriendshipbetweenMarthaandhismother.BAseverymobile-phoneownerknows,afterayearorsothebatterystartstofadeandthebeastneedsrechargingmorefrequently.Thatistroublesome,butaphone’sbatteriescanbereplacedfairlycheaply—orthewholedevicetradedinforthelatestmodel.Anelectriccar,though,isamuchbiggerinvestment.Andbatteriesareitspriciestcomponent,representingaround30%ofanaveragemid-sizevehicle.Toprovidebuyerswithsomepeaceofmind,carmakersguaranteetheirbatteries,typicallyforeightyearsoraround200,000km.Producers,planningtogomuchfurtherthanthat,though,areracingtolaunch“millionmile”（1.6mkilometers）batteries.ContemporaryAmperexTechnology,agiantChinesefirmwhichproducesbatteriesforanumberofcarmakers,wassaidtobereadytostartproducingbatterieswhichwouldlastfor16yearsor2mkilometres.ElonMuskhassuggestedthatTesla,aCalifornianmakerofelectricvehicles,hasamillion-milebatteryintheworks.AndoverinDetroit,GeneralMotorsisinthefinalstagesofdevelopinganadvancedbatterywhichitsayshassimilarlongevity（壽命）。Regularfast-chargingreducesbatterylife,asdoovercharginganddeepdischarging.Drivinginextremelyhotorcoldweatherdoesnothelpeither.Andbatterylifewilldiminishevenifyoujustleavethecarinthegarage.Therealpointofamillion-milebatteryisthatthetechnologicaladvancesrequiredtomakeitpossiblewilldealwiththesethingsaswell.Batterytechnologyisimprovingallthetime,andbynomeansaremillion-milebatteriesthelimitofengineersambition.ThenextobjectiveistoreplaceLi-ions’liquidelectrolytes（電解質(zhì)）withsolidones.Thatwouldallowevenlongerdrivingranges,whichcouldmakeatwo-million-milebatteryanachievableobjective.Ifthatdaycomes,thetableswouldhavebeenturned.Frombeingthefirstpartofacartofail,itsbatterywillhavebecomethelast.Thebatteryproblemofmobilephonesismentionedto .showelectricaldevicesmayhavedrawbacksstressthedisturbingbatteryproblemofcarscallforinvestmentinbatterydevelopmentcomparethefunctionofbatteryindevicesWhatdoweknowaboutthemillion-milebatteryplan?Itiseagerlyanticipatedbycarconsumers.Itisaimedtosaverepaircostforcustomers.Ittargetsthelongevityof8yearsandabove.Ithasdrawntheinterestofmanyenterprises.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthefocusofdevelopingthemillion-milebattery?Exploringnewmaterialstoconstructbatteries.Guidingusersonhowtomaintainthebattery.Addressingfactorsthatdecreasebatterylife.Researchingtheprincipleofbatteringaging.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthefutureofcarbatteries?A.Promising.Unpredictable.Concerning.Unlimited.CAteamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofColoradoBoulderhavecreatedarevolutionarytypeofroboticmuscles.Theyarestrongandflexibleatthesametime,canfeelthemovementstheyperformand,whenevertheysufferdamage,theycanself-heal.However,whatisbestaboutthemisprobablythefactthattheyareextremelycheaptomanufacture.Theroboticmuscleshavebeencalledactuators,andhavedrawninspirationfromreal-lifemuscles.Bycreatingrobotsequippedwiththiskindofactuators,researcherswouldallowthemtoperformmovementsjustlikehumanmuscles.Tomaketheroboticmuscleswork,theyfilledsomeflexiblematerialwithelectrodes(電極)andwithliquidandoil.Then,theyappliedsomeelectricity,andtheliquidandoilstartedmovingaroundtheelectrodesandpoweredthem.Thisway,theroboticmusclesstartedcontractingandrelaxingjustlikerealmuscles,butalotquicker.Researchersalsotookinspirationfromthevarietyofhumanmuscles,andcreatedmoretypesofactuators,eachofthemperformingadifferentmovement.TheycalledtheseroboticmusclesHASEL(Hydraulically-AmplifiedSelf-healingElectrostatic).However,theyaresuperiortobiologicalmusclesastheyarestronger,faster,andmoreflexible.Eventheresearcherswereamazedtheycoulddevelopsuchtechnology.EricAcome,theauthorofoneofthestudies,explainedwhatisuniqueabouttheroboticmuscles.“Theabilitytocreateelectricallypoweredsoftactuatorsthatliftagallonofwateratseveraltimespersecondissomethingwehaven'tseenbefore.”Thesemusclesarespecialbecausetheyarealsoself-healing.Thispropertyisgivenbytheliquidplacedinsideofthem,whichalsogivesthemalotmoreadvantagesthanthosemechanisms（機械）usingsolids.Intheend,thematerialwhichkeepstheliquid,theoilandtheelectrodesisextremelycheap.Itisatypeofpolymer（聚合物為融國totheoneusedforpotatochipsbags,andcanbemanufacturesforonly10cents.Whatcanwelearnaboutactuators?A.Theycanhealontheirown. B.Theyarebiologicalmuscles.C.Theycannotmovelikehumanmuscles. D.Theyareslowertoreactthanrealmuscles.Whatdoactuatorsusetodirectlypowerelectrodes?A.Solids. B.Liquidandoil.C.Atypeofpolymer. D.Potatochipsbags.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theoriginofactuators. B.Theopinionsonactuators.C.Theadvantagesofactuators. D.Thesignificanceofactuators.Inwhichpartofanewspaperwillthetextmostprobablyappear?A.Health. B.Culture. C.Education. D.Technology.DA25-year-oldAmericanwithauniversitydegreecanexpecttoliveadecadelongerthanapeerwhodroppedoutofhighschool.Althoughresearchershavelongknownthattherichlivelongerthanthepoor,thiseducationgapislesswelldocumented.AndalthoughtheaverageAmerican’sexpectedspan（預期壽命）hasbeensmoothinrecentyear—and,shockingly,evenfellbetween2015and2017—thatoftheone-thirdwithabachelor’sdegreehascontinuedtolengthen.Thisgapinlifeexpectancyisgrowing,accordingtonewresearchpublishedinthereportoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.AnneCaseandAngusDeationofPrincetonUniversityfoundthatthelifespansofthosewithandwithoutabachelor’sdegreestartedtobecomedifferentinthe1990sand2000s.Thisgapgrewevenwiderinthe2010s.Whatisthelinkbetweenschoolingandlongevity（長壽）？Somearguethatbetter-educatedpeopledevelophealthierlifestyles:eachadditionalyearofstudyreducesthechancesofbeingasmokerandofbeingoverweight.Thebetter-educatedearnmore,whichinturnisassociatedwithgreaterhealth.MsCaseandMrDeatonarguethatchangesinlabormarkets,includingtheriseofautomationandincreaseddemandforhighly-educatedworkers,coupledwiththerisingcostsofemployer-providedhealthcare,havedecreasedthesupplyofwell-paidjobsforthosewithoutadegree.Thismaybecontributingtohigherratesofalcoholanddruguse,suicideandother“deathsofdespair”.Theauthorsarguedthattheeducationalgapinmortality（致死率）willwideninthewakeofthecovid-19pandemic.ForAmerica’soveralllifeexpectancytostartclimbingagain,improvementswillbeneededacrossallsocialgroups,notjustamongtheprivilegedfew.Whendidthelifespansofpeoplewithandwithoutadegreevarygreatly?A.Inthe1990s. B.Inthe2020sC.Inthe2000s D.Inthe2010sAccordingtothearticle,changesinlabormarketsreducejobsforthosewithoutadegree.WhichchangeisNOTincluded?Therisingspendingofemployer-providedhealthcare.Thegapinlifeexpectancy.Raisedrequestforbetter-educatedworkers.Thedevelopmentofautomation.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“inthewakeof”probablymean?A.after B.until C.before D.whileWhatisthebesttitleforthetext?Changesinlabormarket.QuitbadhabitsbyFurtherstudyEducatedAmericanslivelonger.Highly-educatedpeopledevelophealthierlifestyles.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項Earthquakesstrikewithoutwarningandareamongthemostdestructivenaturaldisasters.Keepingcalmandproperreactioncansometimessaveyourlife.Torideoutanearthquake,rememberthephrase“drop,cover,andholdon.”___16___Moveawayfrombuildings,streetlights,powerlines,andbridges.___18___Assoonasthegroundbeginsshaking,trytogetasfarawayaspossiblefromanynearbystructures.Donotseekshelterunderabridgeoroverpass.Crouchdownlowinawideopenareauntiltheshakingstops.Onceyou'vemadeyourwayawayfromnearbystructures,getonyourhandsandkneesandcoveryourhead.Seeifthereareanyobjectsnearbytouseasashield（遮蔽物）,suchasatrashcanlid.___20___21.___22___Asyougooutaftertheearthquake,becarefulofbrokenglass,rubble,downedpowerlines,fallentrees,andanyotherpotentialdanger.Checkyourselfandanyonenearbyforinjuries.Ifnecessary,performfirstaidandcallemergencyservices.23.Gettohighergroundifyou'reontheshoreornearadam.Earthquakescancausetsunamis,soputdistancebetweenyourselfandthecoast.Ifashakinglastsmorethan20seconds,___24___Gettogroundthat'satleast100ft（30m）abovesealevelor2miles（3.2km）fromtheshore.Droptoyourhandsandkneesunderatableordesk.Watchoutfordangerasyouobserveyoursurroundings.Ifpossible,grabapillow,sofacushion,oranotherobjecttocoveryourfaceandhead.Herearefourtipshelpingyousurviveanearthquakeifyouareoutdoors.Don'twaitforanalarmorwarningtoescape.Themostdangerouslocationsduringanearthquakeareareasimmediatelyaroundbuildings.Ifnoneareavailable,coveryourheadandneckwithyourhandsandarms.第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項UndertheChristmastree,Isawit—ablueteacupsetthathadbeenonmy 21 forSanta.Theredgiftnote 22 :“ToSusanfromSanta.”Itwasn’tchina,simplya 23 toy,butIloveditasifitweretherealthing.ThatChristmasmorningIthoughtIwouldsurpriseDadby 24 himacupofcoffeewithmynewgift.Withteacupsinhand,I 25 tothekitchen.Asa5-year-oldkid,Iwasn’tallowedtotouchanythinghotonthestove.Ibrokethe___26___andgotthecoffeepot.Icarefully 27 thecoffee,thenaddedabitofmilkandsugar.Ialsopouredmyselfadropofcoffeewithalotofmilk,sowecouldhavea“teaparty”.Carefullycarryingthetraywithourteacupstothelivingroom,IfoundDad 28 inhisfavoritechairreadinganewspaper.I 29 servedhimhiscoffee.“Daddy,yourcoffeeisOK,”Iannounced.Dad 30 upathislittlegirl.“Hownice,younglady,”hethankedmeand 31 histeacup.Inoticedtheteacupseemedtoo 32 forhim,thoughitwasjusttherightsizeforme.IdrankmymilkwithcoffeeasDadsipped（抿）hiscoffee.Icould 33 theplasticteacuphada 34 plastictasteasIsipped.ButDaddidn’tseemtomind—hejustcontinueddrinkinghiscoffee,downtothelast 35 .Hesmiledasheplacedthe 36 cuponthetraysaying,“That’sgood.”I 37 hewasjustbeingnice,drinkingthebitter-tastingcoffeebecausehedidn’twanttohurtmy 38 .ThatmorningIlearneda 39 fromDad:Sometimesweneedtobeniceandactingood 40 eveniflife,inthemoment,doesn’treallytastegood.21.A.wishB.listC.willD.plan22.A.readB.wroteC.printedD.drew23.A.fancyB.realC.fakeD.plastic24.A.makingB.buyingC.servingD.exchanging25.A.wentbackB.gaveawayC.heldon D.rushedoff26.A.rulesB.doorC.cupsD.cupboard27.A.boiledB.pouredC.drankD.ordered28.A.workingB.sleepingC.singingD.relaxing29.A.shylyB.proudlyC.patientlyD.happily30.A.stoodB.tookC.lookedD.put31.A.heldoutB.droppedoffC.turneddown D.reachedfor32.A.hotB.smallC.coldD.light33.A.smellB.seeC.tellD.hear34.A.bitterB.pleasantC.saltyD.sweet35.A.dropB.chanceC.hopeD.time36.A.usedB.dirtyC.emptyD.new37.A.worriedB.guessedC.hopedD.realized38.A.mindB.feelingsC.faceD.behaviorA.trick B.skill C.lesson D.tradeA.taste B.faith C.interest D.attitude第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式HenanProvince 41. (strike)byterriblerainstormsinJuly,2021.Heavyrainfallraisedtheemergency 42. (respond)formeteorologicaldisasterstolevelI, 43. (high)levelinafour—tiersystem,inZhengzhou.TheNationalMeteorologicalCentersaidhourlyprecipitation(降水量)inZhengzhoureached201.9millimetersonceinanhour.Nearly11.45millionresidentsin139countiesacrosstheprovincewereaffecteddue 44. therecord—breakingheavyrainfall 45. startedonJuly16saidLiChangxun,deputyheadoftheprovince’sDepartmentofEmergencyManagementon26th,July.Hundredsofthousandsofhousescollapsed,andmorethan1.31millionresidentswererelocatedtosafeplaces. 46. totalof63peoplehadbeenkilledwithfivepeople 47. (miss),reportedby26th,July,Lisaid, 48. (add)thatrepaircrewswerehurryingtofixbridges,electricalsubstationsandgaspipelinestohelpreturnpeople’slivestonormal.Thoughfloodingduringthesu