研究生英語復(fù)習(xí)資料

1-研究生英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料Inarecentsurveyofhigh-schoolseniorsconductedbytheNationCenterforEducationStatistics,85percentoftherespondentssaidtheyplannedtogetabachelor’sdegree.And,although20yearsagoonly45percentofhigh-schooltofour-yearinstitutions.Accordingtoconventionalwisdom,therapidriseinthenumberofstudentsattendingcollegeiscausefornationalcelebration.Butourresearchsuggeststhat,lethe“onewaytowin”paradigm(例子)isnotrealistic,giventheiracademictalentshelabormarketprojectionsStudentsrankingbelowthetopthirdoftheirarnasbachelorsdegreeiftheyenrolloldToynbeehassaidthatallprogressalldevelopmentcomefromachallengeandaconsequentresponse.Withoutchallengethereisnoresponse,nodevelopment,nofreedom.Sofirstweowetoourchildrenthemostdemanding,challengingcurriculumthatiswithintheircapabilities.A，一切進(jìn)步，一切發(fā)展均來自挑戰(zhàn)及由此引起的反應(yīng)。沒有挑戰(zhàn)就首先應(yīng)該在我們孩子的能力允許B:Thesecondopportunitywecangiveourboysandgirlsistherighttofailure.“Freedomisnotonlyaprivilege,itisatest,”writesDeNouy.Whatkindofatestisit,whatkindoffreedomwherenoonecanfail?ThedayispastwhentheUnitedStatescanaffordtogivehighschooldiplomastoallwhositthroughfouryearsofinstruction,regardlessofwhetheranyvisibleresultscanbediscerned.Weliveinarrowedworldwherewemustbealert,awaketorealism:andrealismdemandsastandardwhicheithermustbemetorresultinfailure.Thesearehardwords,buttheyarebrutallytrue.Ifwedepriveourchildrenoftherighttofailwedeprivethemoftheirknowledgeoftheworldasitis.B伊寫有在高中讀者完四年課程而不管其是否取得任何的日子已經(jīng)一去不復(fù)返了。我們現(xiàn)在生活在一個(gè)須同對現(xiàn)實(shí)保持警覺，有所認(rèn)識；而現(xiàn)實(shí)主義要的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。這些話聽起來很刺耳，但都是殘酷的事敗權(quán)力，實(shí)際上我們就剝奪了他們?nèi)鐚?shí)地認(rèn)識世2-研究生英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料(establishoneself)以，理Amancannotfindhimselfwithoutfindingacenterbeyondhimself.Sotheidealismoftheundergraduateexperiencemusthelpthestudenttranscendhimself.Weeagerlyhopethatthelessonsleanedintheuniversitywillrevealthemselvesinourperformanceintheworkplaceandfurthereducation.Itcannotgounchallengedtosaythatthe4-yearundergraduateexperienceistheonlypathtosuccessinlife.Weruntheriskofmakingcriticaldecisions,notonthebasisofwhatweknow,thefindingsofinvestigations,andthedataofexperiments,butonthebasisofblindfaithinprofessedexperts.Ourtaskneedsalargegroupofwell-informed,caringyoungpeoplewhocanbandtogether,learnfromeachother,andactivelyparticipateinthefourmodernizations.Ifitistoendure,thenewschoolshouldhelpthestudentsnotonlyacquireasoldbasiceducationandbecomecompetentinaspecificfield,butalsobereadytocommitthemselvestoothers.要地位，這樣說一點(diǎn)也不過分。(pushtothefringes)Itisnottoomuchtosaythatifundergraduatesexcessivelydevotethemselvestoexaminations,thewillpushcompetenceandcommitmenttothefringes.(muchless)muchlessdiscussthereconstructionofyourschoolwithhim.一個(gè)我能解決的問題——考試對教育有什么影響？(openquestion)3-研究生英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料Somepeoplethinkexaminationsaresecondtonone,butsomethinkexaminationshavealotofdisadvantages.Examinationsleaveusanopenessentialquestion---whatinfluencedoexaminationsexertoneducation?onAsmallfamily-ownedcompany,Eisai,wasoneoftheoriginalmanufacturersofvitaminE,anditmaintainedastrongresearchcommitmenttonaturalpharmaceuticals.Overtheyears,itdevelopeddrugsforthetreatmentofsteady.Modestgrowth,andin1992salesreached197billionyenandprofitscalplayerinanindustryinwhichglobalcompetitionwasincreasingwhilegrowthinthedomesticmarketwasslowingdown.InHaruoNaitotookoveraspresidentfromhisfatherBeforethat,hehadiredEisaisfiveyearstrategicplanningcommitteeDuringthattimehehadbecomeconvincedthatthecompany’sfocusonthediscoveryandmanufactureofrlongtermgrowthagainstlargeglobalcompetitors.Twoyearsafterbecomingpresident,Naitoformulatedaradicalnewoverallencouragedinnovativeactivityandcreatedanenvironmentinwhichemployees’rewardedSoontherewereproposalsforadditionalHHCprojectsandbytheendof1996,intheJapanesedomesticaleaderinhealthcare.rsfoundersareextremelydrivenanddynamicOftentheyexcelatmorethanoneskillIn,manycases,productionexpertsarealsomarketinggeniusesorskilledfinanciersReplacingthemmayrequiremorethanonepersonThereforefamilybusinessownersshoulddetermineexactlyhowthesuccessionprocessshouldcreatehisorherownchart.ThesechartsshouldthenbecomparedThedifferenceswillpointtogapsinthemanagementstructureandhighlightareasofmisunderstandinganddifferencesinperception.產(chǎn)專家又是營銷天才或經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的金融家。要接。因此家庭企業(yè)主應(yīng)當(dāng)通過制定組織機(jī)構(gòu)圖來明交接過程的每個(gè)主要成員也應(yīng)當(dāng)制定他們自己的4-研究生英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料ybusinessesgrowwithoutthehelpofloyalemployeesMoreoftenthannottheyholdkeypositionsinmanagement.Thereforeyoumustkeepyouremployeesinformedaboutlong-rangsuccessionplansKeymanagementmusthaveaclearpictureofwheretheystandandwhattheirresponsibilitieswillbeinasuccessionmanagementstructureDevelopacompensationandbenefitstructurethatissufficienttoattractandretainkeymanagersaswellastomotivatethemtoperforminthebestinterestsofthebusinessandthefamily.務(wù)。因此，應(yīng)當(dāng)將關(guān)于產(chǎn)業(yè)繼承的長遠(yuǎn)計(jì)劃理人員必須清楚知道他們在產(chǎn)業(yè)交接管理機(jī)構(gòu)中的職責(zé)。改進(jìn)企業(yè)的勞保福利制度以吸引和留住主要部門經(jīng)理,激發(fā)他們的企業(yè)和業(yè)主的最大利益而工作管。(nottomention)Heisanexperiencedbankerandanacknowledgedtradeexpert,nottomentionanexcellentmanagingdirector.體盾牌”，以阻止美國轟炸該地。(regardlessof)Regardlessofdanger,volunteersfromanItalianorganizationforpeacehavegonetoBaghdad,thecapitalofIraq,toforma"bodyshield"forthepurposeofpreventingtheUSfrombombingtheplace.3.在這個(gè)家庭里，沒有人比朱蒂更能致力于經(jīng)營房地產(chǎn)生意。(bededicatedto)NobodyinthefamilyismorededicatedtooperatingtherealestatebusinessthanJudy.(dilemma)Becauseoftheeconomicdepression,realestateagentsareinthedilemmaofwhethertolowerpricesorletsalesfalloff.5.史密斯先生往往靠慎重投資而獲取巨額利潤。(moreoftenthannot)Moreoftenthannot,Mr.Smithearnsgreatprofitsbycarefulinvestmentofhiscapital.at)Johndidnotmakemuchofamarkinhisstudiesatschool,butheexcelledatsports.5-研究生英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料7.有條不紊的職責(zé)交接是家庭企業(yè)長期繁榮的一個(gè)條件。(transition;long-range)Ordrlytransitionofresponsibilitiesisaconditionforthelong-rangeprosperityofafamilybusiness.tureofYouhadbetterhaveaclearpictureofprospectsbeforeformulatingaplanforinvestment.9.盡管雕塑費(fèi)時(shí)，但是仍有一些人以雕塑為職業(yè)。(timeconsuming)Althoughsculptureisatime-consumingart,therearestillsomepeoplefollowingitasaprofession.10.這家電腦軟件公司正處于從獨(dú)資經(jīng)營到合資經(jīng)營的轉(zhuǎn)化過程中。(inthemidstof)Thesoftwarecompanyisinthemidstofbeingtransformedfromanindividualproprietorshiptoajointventure.UnitthreeAnAmericanloveAffairTodayitcanbesaidthatwheelsrunAmerica.ThefourrubbertiresofthetotheirjobsTiresturnandpeopleshopfortheweek’sfoodatthebigsupermarket. Eachyearmorewheelscrowdthehighwaysas10millionnewcarsrolloutofthefactories.OneoutofeverysixAmericasworksatassemblingcars,drivingtrucks,wouldbelikewithoutacar,somehavebeguntoresizethattheautomobileisabytrafficcongestion.Worstofall,perhaps,istheairpollutioncausedbythealthespeciallyforsomeonewithaweakheartorarespiratorydisease.Oneanswertotheproblemofairpollutionistobuildacarthatdoesnotpollute.wellasoncarspoweredbysteamandelectricity.Butmostofuswon’tbedrivingteriesorboilingwaterforawhileyetManyautomakersbelievethattricityor6-研究生英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料steam.ehicledatesbacktotheSecondWarwhentheoriginaltheJeepsuppliedbytheWillyscompanycarriedAlliedforcesthroughthePacificandEurope.TheMacquariedictionaryofMotoringsaysthenameJeepstemmedfromthevehicleGPforGeneralPurposevehicleThenamewaseventuallycorruptedto“jeep,”fromthepronunciationofthelettersGP,andbecameatrademarkownedbytheWillyscompany.JeepbecamepartofChryslerin1998andthecompanyhassincespentalotofmoneytorevitalizetheJeepproductionfacilities,andtoincreasethenumberandstyleofmodelsavailable.Chryslersaysthejeep’swar-timereputationandruggedundoubtedlyhelpedittocarveoutanewroleinpeacetimeasarecreationaleItsaystheJeepcreatedtheoriginalmarketforrecreationaloffroadvehicleswheeldrivetractionknowncommerciallyasWDforwhichthearmyjeepwasfamous.各種路況的出眾性能而著稱于世。這種美名可以司提供的最初型號的吉普車載著盟軍部隊(duì)馳量并開發(fā)各種新車型應(yīng)市?？巳R斯勒公司稱吉普其堅(jiān)固耐用的形象無疑會(huì)有助于它在和平時(shí)期樹1.汽車誕生后發(fā)展很快，不久就代替了馬。(displace)Theautomobilewasimprovedveryrapidlyafteritwasinventedandsoondisplacedhorses.可能不得不消減私人擁有汽車的數(shù)量而更多地依賴公共交通系統(tǒng)。(masstransitsystems)Wemayhavetocutdownonthenumberofprivatelyownedcarsanddependmoreonpublicmasstransitsystemsbecausecarspolluteandmaimorevenkillpeople.3.汽車輪子給我們帶來了更好、更為便利的交通時(shí)，它也應(yīng)對諸如空氣污染、交通事故、交通擁擠之類的許多問題負(fù)責(zé)。(beguiltyof)7-研究生英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料Whilewheels(automobiles)havebroughtwiththembetterormoreconvenienttransportation,theyareguiltyofmanysins,suchasairpollution,trafficaccidentsandtrafficcongestion.Americansarenotedfortheirloveforcarsandgreatjobmobility.啊。(ifonly)Ifonlyadvancesinfuelqualityandefficiencyandintechnologywouldradicallyreducetheemissionsfromautomobiles.AhighlydevelopedhighwaynetworkhasmadepossibletheeasymovementfromcoasttocoastintheUnitedStates.度，參觀者都感到很吃驚：這條路不久前還在開挖及鋪設(shè)排水管。(theverythoughtof;tearup)Theverythoughtofthespeedatwhichthebeautifulavenuewasconstructedelectrifiedeveryvisitor;theroadhadonlyrecentlybeentornuptolaydrain-pipesnotlongago.(denounce)Environmentalistshavedenouncedautomobiles,believingtheyareamajorfactorintheproductionofdirtyair.up)Manynewresidentialcomplexeshaverisenupinthesuburbsofmetropolitancitiesbecauseoftheavailabilityofconvenientpublictransportation.擠。(lendcredenceto)Despitetheirloveforcars,manypeoplelendcredencetotheextensiveuseofthepublictransportsystem,whichcancutdownontrafficcongestion.leavinghomeinlateadolescenceanearlieragethaninthepastInfact,theirmajoreconomicimpactedisasconsumers.Therefore,thefamilyhaslittlereasontokeepthechildhomeasaneconomiccontribution.Itisbecomingincreasinglycommonforyoungpeopletoleavehomeforcollegeortolivewith8-研究生英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料milieshavefewerildrenbuttheyhavetheminschoolandoutofthehomeatyoungeragesthaninthepast.Themostsurprisingfindingswithregardtochildrenshowanegativeimpactongreaterconflictanduncertaintyinamarriage.StudiesshowthatgeneralifeessOtherstudiesshowthatAmericancoupleswithchildrenathomelendtohavelowerisfactionthanthosewithoutchildrenForbothmenandwomenreportsandabouttoleavethenest.omeobserverssuggestthatperhapswhatweareseeingisnotarealchangeatallthat,likethesexualrevolution,itisnotreallyarevolutioninbehaviorbutinexpression.“itmaybe,”saysoneConnecticutpsychoanalyst,“thatanidentifiablegroupthathasexistedallalongissimplycomingoutoftheclosetlikehomosexuals.Thespiritofthetimeistodoyourownthingandnothideitandthesepeoplemayreflectanincreasedfranknessandopennessratherthananyrealchange.是表達(dá)方式上的一種劇變。一位住在康涅事而不是加以掩飾。這些人身上所反映的B:InrecentdecadesithasbecomeclearthatforadistinctminorityofAmericanwomenthetraditionalmotherroleintheseclusionofthehomeisnolongeracceptable.Formanythefamilyisofdiminishingimportance.ThedevelopmentofucationforwomenhasbeenacrucialfactorinthischangeTodayoverofallwomencompletefouryearsofhighschoolascomparedtoonlyinThisisdtothefactthatmarriagenowoccursayearlaterfortheaveragewomenTheproportionofwomenagedtowhoaresingleincreasedfromin1996tobythemidsChildearingisbeingpostponedsothatcomparedtothe960s,10%fewerwomenbeartheirfirstchildinthetwoyearsimmediatelyfollowingmarriage.Furthermore,morewomentodayremainchildless.Work,olderageatmarriageandchildlessnessarethebasicchangesthathavetakenplaceinwomen’srolesinrecentyears.統(tǒng)母親角色。許多人認(rèn)為家庭的重要性造成這一文化的重要因素。如今，百分平均晚一年結(jié)婚有關(guān)。二十歲至二十四孩子是近年來婦女作用發(fā)生變化的主要9-研究生英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料關(guān)注與他們自身關(guān)系更為密切的問題。(preocccupiedwith)Someprofessionalobserversbelievethatyoungpeopletodayarenolongerinterestedinpoliticsandcauses,butrather,havebecomeincreasinglypreoccupiedwithissuesclosertothemselves.育程度越高，就越有可能走出小家庭這個(gè)環(huán)境，到社會(huì)上去實(shí)現(xiàn)自我。(belikelyto;realizeoneself)gooutoftheprivatesettingofthenuclearfamilyandtorealizeherselfinthecommunity.3.就我而言，一些已婚夫婦作出選擇不要小孩的真正原因是他們非常自戀，以致于他們沒有多余的愛給別人。(startafamily;liebehind;havenomarginof;AsfarasIamconcerned,whatreallyliesbehindthedecisionofsomemarriedcouplesnottostartafamilyisthattheyaresonarcissisticandhavenomarginoflovetospareothers.市場。這一行為違反了專利法。(goagainst)Thecompanyputonthemarketaregisteredinventionevenwithout5.在一些國家的敦促下，聯(lián)合國對該國施加壓力，迫使其放棄研制和使用核武器。(pressuresbtodo)Urgedbysomeothercountries,theUnitedNationshaspressuredthecountrytogiveupdevelopingandusingnuclearweapons.6.按照每個(gè)會(huì)員必須是無子女的這一規(guī)定，懷特先生及其太太只好推出Non-Parent協(xié)會(huì)，因?yàn)樗麄兒芸炀鸵?dāng)父母了。(alternative;parenthood)Accordingtotherulethateverymembershouldremainchildless,Mr.AndMswhitehavenoalternativebuttowithdrawfromtheNon-ParentAssociation,fortheywillattainparenthoodsoon.7.他期望通過上演一部肥皂劇來揭示現(xiàn)實(shí)生活所固有的復(fù)雜性。(implicit)Heexpectstoreveal,bypresentingasoapopera,thecomplexityimplicitinreallife.深思的社會(huì)問題的趨勢。(loomas)10-研究生英語考試復(fù)習(xí)資料Invirtuallyeverycountry,drugabuse,alcoholabuseandchildabuseloonasmostchallengingsocialproblems.9.在接受采訪時(shí)，這些老年人合理地解釋了為什么會(huì)對當(dāng)今青年人產(chǎn)生矛盾心理的原因。(beambivalentabout;rationalize)Wheninterviewed,theseelderlypeoplerationalizedwhytheywereambivalentabouttoday’syoungpeople.競爭的社會(huì)里迅速得到提升。(beconcernedwith)Manycollegestudentsarefarmoreconcernedwithhowtogetahighly-paidjobongraduationandhowtoreceiveaquickpromotioninthecompetitivesociety.enerati