【2022年】湖南省懷化市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)預(yù)測(cè)試題(含答案)

【2022年】湖南省懷化市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)預(yù)測(cè)試題(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、1.Writing(10題)1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicMobilePhoneUsesshouldBeLimitedinLibrary.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.圖書館的閱覽區(qū)內(nèi)濫用手機(jī)的現(xiàn)象很普遍

2.分析此現(xiàn)象造成影響

3.你的建議

MobilePhoneUsesshouldBeLimitedinLibrary

2.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledSchoolbags:TooHeavyforSchoolbags.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.學(xué)生的書包越來越重

2.造成這情況的原因

3.如何減輕學(xué)生的負(fù)擔(dān)

3.1.現(xiàn)代生活充滿壓力

2.壓力的種種跡象

3.如何減輕壓力

HowtoReduceStressandTension

4.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledMyViewon"Moon-lite".Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.如今的年輕人中流行“月光族”，就是每個(gè)月都反自己賺的錢花光，沒有任何積蓄的人群

2.有人認(rèn)為這是時(shí)尚的體現(xiàn)，但這樣做存在著種種問題

3.我的看法

MyViewon"Moonlite"

5.Direction:Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicOnStress.Youshouldwritenolessthan150wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheonlinebelow.

1.有的人害怕壓力。

2．有的人認(rèn)為壓力并不是一件壞事。

3．我的看法。

6.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTheMarvelsofMedicineintheTwentiethCentury.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.Introduction:Advancesinmedicalscience—themostimportantachievementsmadeinthetwentiethcentury

1.Developmentofvaccinesandantibiotics

2.Discoveriesofnewdiagnosismethods

3.Adventofgeneticengineering,anewbranchofbiology

Concludingremarks:Evengreaterwonderstobewroughtinthe21stcentury

7.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicHowtoKeepPsychologicallyHealthy?Youshouldwriteatleast150words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1．心理健康問題往往是導(dǎo)致疾病的原因

2．分析人們產(chǎn)生心理健康問題的原因(可從失業(yè)、壓力過重、缺少支持、缺乏人際交往能力等方面加以分析)

3．你認(rèn)為人們應(yīng)如何保持心理健康

HowtoKeepPsychologicallyHealthy?

8.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledMyViewonChangesofNationalPublicHoliday.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.在中國實(shí)行已久的五一黃金周在2008年被縮短，但是新添了幾個(gè)較短的法定假日

2.這種變化帶來的影響

3.你如何看待這種變化

MyViewonChangesofNationalPublicHoliday

9.Directions:Forthispart.youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledHowtoCultivateTeamSpirit?Youshouldwriteatleast150words.followingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.閉隊(duì)精神對(duì)人的成長至又重要

2．但現(xiàn)在許多人缺乏閉隊(duì)精神

3．在我看來……

HowtoCultivateTeamSpirit?

10.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteapassageofatleast150wordsinthetitleofWhoShouldbeResponsibleforOurOldPeople.Pleasefollowtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.列舉我國老年人生活存在的問題。

2.你認(rèn)為應(yīng)如何解決這些問題。

二、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(10題)11.Madagascar

Thereareatleast8millionuniquespeciesoflifeontheplanet,ifnetfarmore,andyoucouldbeforgivenforbelievingthatallofthemcanbefoundinAndasibe.WalkingthroughthisrainforestinMadagascarislikesteppingintothelibraryoflife.SunlightseepsthroughthesilkyfringesoftheRavenealouvelii,anendangeredpalm(棕櫚樹)found,likesomuchelseonthisAfricanisland,nowhereelse.

MadagascarwhichseparatedfromIndia80millionto100millionyearsagobeforeeventuallysettlingoffthesoutheasterncoastofAfrica,isinmanywaysanEarthapart.AllthattimeingeographicisolationmadeMadagascaraDarwinianplayground,itsanimalsandplantsevolvingintoformsutterlyoriginal.Some90%oftheisland'splantsandabout70%ofitsanimalsarcendemic,meaningthattheyarcfoundonlyinMadagascar.Butwhatmakeslifeontheislanduniquealsomakesituniquelyvuhnerable,whichmeansifwelosetheseanimalsonMadagascar,they'regoneforever.

Thatlossseemslikelierthaneverbecausetheanimalsareunderthreatasneverbefore.Oncelushlyforested,Madagascarhasseenmorethan80%ofitsoriginalvegetationcutdownorburnedsincehumansarrivedatleast1500yearsago,fragmentinghabitatsandleavinganimalseffectivelyhomeless.Uncheckedhuntingwipedoutanumberoflargespecies,andtodaymining,loggingandenergyexplorationthreatenthosethatremain.IthasanareathesizeofNewJerseyinMadagascarthatisstillunderforest,andallthisincrediblediversityiscrammedintoit.

Madagascarisaconservationhotspotatermforaregionthatisverybiodiverseandparticularlythreatened--andwhilethatmakestheislandspecial,itishardlyalone.Conservationistsestimatethatextinctionsworldwideareoccurringatapacethatisupto1000timesasgreatashistory'sbackgroundratebeforehumanbeingsbeganscattering.Worse,thatdie-offcouldbeaccelerating.

PriceofExtinction

Therehavebeenfiveextinctionwavesintheplanet'shistory—includingthePermian(二疊紀(jì)的)extinction250millionyearsago,whenanestimated70%ofallterrestrialanimalsand96%ofallmarinecreaturesvanished,and,mostrecently,theCretaceous(白堊紀(jì)的)event65million),earsago,whichendedthereignofthedinosaurs.Thoughscientistshavedirectlyassessedtheviabilityoffewerthan3%oftheworld'sdescribedspecies,thesamplepollingofanimalpopulationssofarsuggeststhatwemayhaveenteredwhatwillbetheplanet'ssixthgreatextinctionwave.Andthistimethecauseisn'tanunsteadyplanetorvolcanoes.It'sus.

Throughourgrowingnumbers,ourthirstfornaturalresourcesand,mostofall,climatechange--which,byonereckoning,couldhelpcarryoff20%to30%ofallspeciesbeforetheendofthecentury--we'reshapinganEarththatwillbebiologicallyexhausted.A2008assessmentbythe:InternationalUnionforConservationofNaturefoundthatnearly1in4mammalsworldwidewereatriskforextinction,includingendangeredspecies.Overfishingandacidificationoftheoceansarethreateningmarinespeciesasdiverseasthecorals.

Scaryforconservationists,yes.butthequestionarises:Whyshoulditmattertotherestofus?Afterall,nearlyallthespeciesthatwereeveraliveinthepastaregonetoday.Evolutiondemandsextinction.Whenwe'reusingthetermextinctiontotalkaboutthefateoftheUSautoindustry,doesitreallymatterifwelosespeciesliketheYangtzeRiverdolphinandthegoldentoad,allofwhichhaveeffectivelydisappearedinrecentyears?Whatdocsthelossofafewspeciesamongmillionsmatter?

Foronething,we'reanimalstoo,dependentonthisplanetlikeeveryotherform.oflife.Themorespecieslivinginanecosystem,thehealthierandmoreproductiveitis,whichmattersforus--arecentstudybytheWorldWildlifeFund(WWF)e

A.Atleast8millionuniquespeciesoflife.

B.Morethan8millionuniquespeciesoflife.

C.Alibraryoflifeontheplanet.

D.Akindofpalmwhichcanbefoundnowhere.

12.

AsinthestoryofMickey,AmyandJoey,agossipmaycause______tothegossiped.

13.

Ifonehasthedesiretoimprovehisreadingspeed,themotivationtopracticeand,hemayimprovehisreadingspeed.

14.

OneofthepurposesthatIndiansswingthehammockisto______.

15.

Thereare7,000glaciersthatcover______.

16.

Whatdolocalresidentsclaimfor?

A.Theyaresickbecauseofyearsofpollution.

B.Theyaresickbecauseofindustriesontheirdoorsteps.

C.Theyaresickbecauseofpesticidesfromagriculture.

D.Theyaresickbecauseofairpollution.

17.ContrarytotheopeningupofFacebook,theThunderbirdcanmakeusersminimize______.

18.

Collegeinstructorsdon'tlikethosestudentswhoonlyrepeat______.

19.

Waterclocksweremostlyusedtodetermine______.

20.

antisocialbehavior.

三、3.ListeningComprehension(10題)21.【B1】

22.(22)

A.Exchangethecomputerforthewoman.

B.Refundthewoman'smoney.

C.Givethewomananythingshelikesinthestore.

D.Givethewomanastorecreditwithwhichshecanbuyanythinginthestore.

23.(34)

A.TheywereimportedfromEuropeancountries.

B.Theymigratedfromdistantcolonies.

C.Theyweredomesticatedfromlocalwildbreeds.

D.Theyweretheresultofacarefulbreedingprogram.

24.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

(12)

A.She'snotsureshe'llbeseeingJulia.

B.She'llphoneJuliaseveraldaystater.

C.Shedoesn'tthinkJuliaknowsaboutregistration.

D.She'ssureJuliawillhelptheprofessorwithcourseregistration.

25.(18)

A.Themanalsowantstogetaticketforthestateballet.

B.Themanissellingtheticketforthestateballet.

C.Theman'ssisterwillgotoseethestateballet.

D.Theman'ssisterwillgivethetickettothewoman.

26.(36)

A.Becausethemountainisover12,000feethigh.

B.Becausehehadnoexperiencesinceheleftcollege.

C.Becausehiswifewasn'tgoodatmountainclimbing.

D.Becausehischildrenweretooyoung.

27.(35)

A.FromtheASPCA.

B.Fromthelibrary.

C.Bybuyingadogfromastore.

D.Byreadingbooksaboutclogsincludingpuppytraining.

28.

【B8】

29.

【B3】

30.【B2】

四、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(3題)31.

By2030thegovernmentsindevelopedcountriesmayputanendtofixedretirementages______.

A.tosavethecurrentpensionsystem

B.toensurethebenefitsforhealthypensioners

C.torealizefullretirementbenefitssubstantially

D.torelievethepensionsburdenontheworkingpopulation

32.

Whyarenutritionistsconcernedaboutaddingvitaminstoolestra?

A.Itmayleadtotheover-consumptionofvitamins.

B.Peoplemaybeinducedtoeatmorethanisnecessary.

C.Thefunctionoftheintestinesmaybeweakened.

D.Itmaytriggeranewwaveoffakefoodproduction.

33.

WhichofthefollowingstatementstheauthordoesNOTbelievetobetrue?

A.Thepersonwhowearsauniform.hasnoserf-worth.

B.Wearingauniform.givesapersonasenseofidentificationwithalargeconcept.

C.Uniformswillhurtoneentireinformationandentertainmentindustry.

D.Envyandcompetitionarcincentivetoimproveone'slife.

五、5.ErrorCorrection(3題)34.

【S2】

35.【S5】

36.

【S9】

六、6.ErrorCorrection(3題)37.

【S7】

38.

【S2】

39.

【S9】

參考答案

1.MobilePhoneUsesshouldBeLimitedinLibrary(1)Inthelibrarytheimproperuseofmobilephonesisbecomingincreasinglyserious.Manystudentsarefoundtalkingloudlyonphonesortakingaphoneinaudibleringingmodeintothelibrary.(2)Thereisnodoubtthatthoseimpolitebehaviors(3)hoveanegativeinfluenceonlibraryreaders.(4)Foronethingmobilephonesareadistractionforthosewhousemobilephonesfortheycanhardly(5)concentrateonreading.(4)Foranothersuchabehaviorcausesdisturbancetootherleaders.It'sveryimportantforthereaderstokeepaquietatmospheresincethelibraryisaplaceforstudyandresearch.Allstudentsshouldobeylibraryregulationsandkeepquietinthelibrary.(6)iftheydoneedtousemobilephonestheycansettheirmobilephonesinthesilencemodeandmakephonecallsindesignatedareas(7)suchasrestroomsandtheelevatorarea.(8)Inthiswayallthereadersinthelibrarycanhelptocreateagoodatmosphereand(9)benefitfromreading.MobilePhoneUsesshouldBeLimitedinLibrary(1)Inthelibrary,theimproperuseofmobilephonesisbecomingincreasinglyserious.Manystudentsarefoundtalkingloudlyonphonesortakingaphoneinaudibleringingmodeintothelibrary.(2)Thereisnodoubtthatthoseimpolitebehaviors(3)hoveanegativeinfluenceonlibraryreaders.(4)Foronething,mobilephonesareadistractionforthosewhousemobilephones,fortheycanhardly(5)concentrateonreading.(4)Foranother,suchabehavior.causesdisturbancetootherleaders.It'sveryimportantforthereaderstokeepaquietatmospheresincethelibraryisaplaceforstudyandresearch.Allstudentsshouldobeylibraryregulationsandkeepquietinthelibrary.(6)iftheydoneedtousemobilephones,theycansettheirmobilephonesinthesilencemodeandmakephonecallsindesignatedareas,(7)suchasrestroomsandtheelevatorarea.(8)Inthisway,allthereadersinthelibrarycanhelptocreateagoodatmosphereand(9)benefitfromreading.解析：[審題]本題要求寫一篇議論文?！跋拗圃趫D書館里使用手機(jī)”是大學(xué)生相當(dāng)熟悉的話題，很容易拓展內(nèi)容。同時(shí)注意所給的建議要合理、具有說服力。

[思路]

第一段點(diǎn)明在圖書館內(nèi)手機(jī)使用泛濫；

第二段說明此現(xiàn)象對(duì)讀者所造成的影響；

第三段提出自己的建議。

2.SCHOOLBAGS:TOOHEAVYFORSCHOOLKIDSThesedaysweoftenhearschoolkidsgrumblingabouttheirheavyhomeworkload.Thisisnotsurprisingwhenweseetheirschoolbagsbulgingwithallsortsoftextbooksandworkbooks.Theyarerequiredtotakesomanycoursesthattheyhavetosituplatestrugglingwiththeirassignments.Inspiteoftheclamorofthepublicforanendtothissituationtheexcessivepressureimposedonthepupilshasnotbeenrelieved.Thereasonsforthisarenotdifficulttofigureout.Firstagreatpartofthepressurecomesfromtheparentswhohavegonealllengthstohelptheirchildrenimproveacademicperformanceandurgethemforearlyintellectualachievements:callinginprivatetutorsorsendingthemouttovarioustutoringcenters.Pupilsatlargeseemtobedrivenbyonemessage:Excelinacademicperformance.Ithasinfactbeenechoingintheirheadseversincetheystartedschool.Theyhavebeenpushedtoscorehightestwellandfinishfirst.Ontheotherhandteachersshouldbeheldresponsibletoo.Tothemscoresarenotonlythemarkofsuccessorfailureforaparticularstudentbutalsoameasureofprofessionalperformanceoftheirown.Manyofthemdonot-trywithgreateffortstoenhanceefficiencybyimprovingtheirteachingmethods.Insteadtheyjustassignmoredrillsandexercisesthrustmorebooksintothepupils'backpacksandstufftheirheadswithasmanyrulesorfactsaspossible.Moreandmorepeoplearecryingoutfor"lighteningkids'schoolbags."Tomyminditappearscomparativelyeasytorelievepupilsofsomepressure—toassignlesshomeworkandtocutoffafewcourses—althoughitcallsformuchcareandeffortsonthepartofbothteachersandparents.Butwhatismoreimportantisto"humanize"thecurrenteducationalsystem—tomakeeducationreadyforthefuture.Justasmanyeducatorshavepointedoutwhenitcomestoachild'swell-beingweshouldbeasconcernedwithcharacteraswithsuccess.Ifwehaverearedawell-manneredgooddecentpersonweshouldtakepleasureandprideinthatfact.Morelikelythannotifwehaveachievedthesegoalsthechild'ssuccesswilltakecareofitself.SCHOOLBAGS:TOOHEAVYFORSCHOOLKIDSThesedaysweoftenhearschoolkidsgrumblingabouttheirheavyhomeworkload.Thisisnotsurprisingwhenweseetheirschoolbagsbulgingwithallsortsoftextbooksandworkbooks.Theyarerequiredtotakesomanycoursesthattheyhavetosituplatestrugglingwiththeirassignments.Inspiteoftheclamorofthepublicforanendtothissituation,theexcessivepressureimposedonthepupilshasnotbeenrelieved.Thereasonsforthisarenotdifficulttofigureout.First,agreatpartofthepressurecomesfromtheparents,whohavegonealllengthstohelptheirchildrenimproveacademicperformanceandurgethemforearlyintellectualachievements:callinginprivatetutorsorsendingthemouttovarioustutoringcenters.Pupilsatlargeseemtobedrivenbyonemessage:Excelinacademicperformance.Ithas,infact,beenechoingintheirheadseversincetheystartedschool.Theyhavebeenpushedtoscorehigh,testwell,andfinishfirst.Ontheotherhand,teachersshouldbeheldresponsible,too.Tothem,scoresarenotonlythemarkofsuccessorfailureforaparticularstudentbutalsoameasureofprofessionalperformanceoftheirown.Manyofthemdonot-trywithgreateffortstoenhanceefficiencybyimprovingtheirteachingmethods.Instead,theyjustassignmoredrillsandexercises,thrustmorebooksintothepupils'backpacks,andstufftheirheadswithasmanyrulesorfactsaspossible.Moreandmorepeoplearecryingoutfor"lighteningkids'schoolbags."Tomymind,itappearscomparativelyeasytorelievepupilsofsomepressure—toassignlesshomeworkandtocutoffafewcourses—althoughitcallsformuchcareandeffortsonthepartofbothteachersandparents.Butwhatismoreimportantisto"humanize"thecurrenteducationalsystem—tomakeeducationreadyforthefuture.Justasmanyeducatorshavepointedout,whenitcomestoachild'swell-being,weshouldbeasconcernedwithcharacteraswithsuccess.Ifwehaverearedawell-mannered,good,decentperson,weshouldtakepleasureandprideinthatfact.Morelikelythannot,ifwehaveachievedthesegoals,thechild'ssuccesswilltakecareofitself.

3.HowtoReduceStressandTensionModernlifeisstressful.Wecompeteinstudyatworkandinsportsactivities.Wetrytosavetimeandtrytoearnasmuchmoneyaspossibleinordertopossesscarsbetterhousesorgoonholidayssothatwecanrelaxafterbecomingsotenseandtired.Weoftenfindweareoverwhelmedwiththefollowingsignsinourselvesorinotherpeople:irritabilityfussinessgloominesssuspicionindecisionexcitabilityrestlessnesslackofconcentrationunsociabilitylossofappetiteovereatingsleeplessnessdrinkingsmokingworryingtensionetc.Manyofustrytogetfidofthesignsofstressinsteadofthecause.Someofusmaytakesleepingpillsortrytocontrolthevarioussignsonotherways.Butthesatisfactorywayofstoppingstressistofindthecauseofit.Wemaynotbeabletochangethecauseofthestressbutunderstandingitwillprobablyhelp.Forexampleitmaybethedeathofillnessofafriendthefearforthelossofourjobormoneyworriesandwecanprobablydonothingtochangethese.Itmaybeconflictinsideourselves.Perhapswefeelweoughttodosomethingbutwedon'twantto.Wemayhavemixedfeelingsaboutsomeoneorsomethinganddon'tknowwhattodo.Allwecandoistoexamineourselvesanddowhatwefeelisfight.Itmayalsobehelpfultotalktosomeoneaboutit.HowtoReduceStressandTensionModernlifeisstressful.Wecompeteinstudy,atworkandinsportsactivities.Wetrytosavetimeandtrytoearnasmuchmoneyaspossibleinordertopossesscars,betterhouses,orgoonholidayssothatwecanrelaxafterbecomingsotenseandtired.Weoftenfindweareoverwhelmedwiththefollowingsignsinourselvesorinotherpeople:irritability,fussiness,gloominess,suspicion,indecision,excitability,restlessness,lackofconcentration,unsociability,lossofappetite,overeating,sleeplessness,drinking,smoking,worrying,tension,etc.Manyofustrytogetfidofthesignsofstressinsteadofthecause.Someofusmaytakesleepingpillsortrytocontrolthevarioussignsonotherways.Butthesatisfactorywayofstoppingstressistofindthecauseofit.Wemaynotbeabletochangethecauseofthestress,butunderstandingitwillprobablyhelp.Forexample,itmaybethedeathofillnessofafriend,thefearforthelossofourjobormoneyworriesandwecanprobablydonothingtochangethese.Itmaybeconflictinsideourselves.Perhapswefeelweoughttodosomethingbutwedon'twantto.Wemayhavemixedfeelingsaboutsomeoneorsomethinganddon'tknowwhattodo.Allwecandoistoexamineourselvesanddowhatwefeelisfight.Itmayalsobehelpfultotalktosomeoneaboutit.

4.MyViewon"Moonlite"Moonliteisatermreferringtothosepeoplewhoexhausttheirearningseverymonthwithoutanysavings.WiththeaccelerationofglobalizationitseemsthattheavailabilityofvariouscoMyViewon"Moonlite"Moonliteisatermreferringtothosepeoplewhoexhausttheirearningseverymonthwithoutanysavings.Withtheaccelerationofglobalization,itseemsthattheavailabilityofvariousco

5.OnStressOneofthefactorsthatleadtothedropofhappinessindexinmodernsocietyisthatpeoplearelivingundergreatpressure.Somepeopleareafraidofpressure.Theythinkthatstresswilldeprivethemofjoyandhappinessandthencausebothphysicalandmentalproblem.Thatiswhytheyprefersomethinglesscompetitivetosomethingmoredemandingandchallenging.Othersarguethatstressisn'tasbadasitisoftensupposedtobe.Actuallyacertainamountofstressisnecessarytoprovidemotivationandstimulation.Withoutstressyoumayslackoffanddreamawayyourtime.Withoutstressyourlifewillbecomemeaninglessanddull.Peopleneedacertainstresstobringtheirpotentialintofullplay.Inmyopinionweshouldn'tescapefromstressbutfaceitbravely.Whatwecandoistoadapttothestressandtoprofitfromitratherthantoavoidit.Ofcourseitshouldn'tbeoverwhelming.OnStressOneofthefactorsthatleadtothedropofhappinessindexinmodernsocietyisthatpeoplearelivingundergreatpressure.Somepeopleareafraidofpressure.Theythinkthatstresswilldeprivethemofjoyandhappinessandthencausebothphysicalandmentalproblem.Thatiswhytheyprefersomethinglesscompetitivetosomethingmoredemandingandchallenging.Othersarguethatstressisn'tasbadasitisoftensupposedtobe.Actually,acertainamountofstressisnecessarytoprovidemotivationandstimulation.Withoutstress,youmayslackoffanddreamawayyourtime.Withoutstress,yourlifewillbecomemeaninglessanddull.Peopleneedacertainstresstobringtheirpotentialintofullplay.Inmyopinion,weshouldn'tescapefromstressbutfaceitbravely.Whatwecandoistoadapttothestressandtoprofitfromitratherthantoavoidit.Ofcourseitshouldn'tbeoverwhelming.解析：按照指令所給出的3點(diǎn)，我們可以看出這是一篇正反觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比的議論文?？蓪⑦@篇作文寫成3段。第1段說明人們害怕壓力的兩個(gè)原因。第2段對(duì)比第一段提出相反的觀點(diǎn)：壓力不像人們想象的那樣糟糕，適度的壓力有利于人的身心。第3段亮明自己的觀點(diǎn)：我們應(yīng)適應(yīng)壓力，從壓力中獲益。

6.THEMARVELSOFMEDICINEINTHETWENTIETHCENTURYLookingbackthetwentiethcenturyhasseennumerousscientificandtechnologicachievementsandwhatstandouthighaboveothersareadvancesinmedicalscience.Theirresultshaveclearlybeenshowninthreeareasdevelopmentofvaccinesandantibioticsdiscoveriesofnewdiagnosismethodsandtheadventofgeneticengineeringasanewbranchoflearning.Eversincemedicalresearchersstartedtodevisewaysofpreventinggermsinvadingthebodyandoffightingthemoncetheydidthequalityoflifeforpeopleintheworldhasremarkablyimproved.Todaysmallpoxisaforgottendiseaseandvaccinationsarenolongerrequired.Polioisundercontrolandthevaccineiswidelyavailable.Thedevelopmentofsuchantibioticsaspenicillinhashelpedmanypeoplerecoverfromseriousillness.Overthepastdecadesmoreandmoredoctorshavecometorealizetheimportanceofdetectingchangesinthebodyatanearlystage.Moderndiagnosisbeganintheearly1900swiththediscoveryofX-rays.Withthepassageoftimenewmethodsforviewingtheinteriorofthebodywerebroughtoutoneafteranother.Inrecentyearsultrasonicwavesmagneticresonanceandothertechniqueshavemadeitpossibletodetectanythinginthebodythatisbeginningtobeabnormal.Medicaladvanceshavebeenmovinginevenmorefundamentaldirections.Scientistshavefoundthatthebodymachineryisdirectedbythegenes.Researchesinthisfieldhaveevolvedintoanewbranchoflearning—geneticengineering.Itwasonlyinthe1950sthatscientistsdiscoveredthekindofstructuresthegeneshave.Andattheendofthetwentiethcenturythefirst"roughmap"ofthehumangeneticcodewascompleted.Thiswasreferredtoasa"majorscientificmilestone"whichmightleadtoamorefullyunderstandingofthegenesthatmakepeoplesusceptibletocancerAIDSParkinson'sorAlzheimer's.Witheachimportantdiscoverythepracticeofmedicinehasundergonearevolution.Themedicaladvancesmadeinthetwentiethcenturyhavenotonlyimprovedthelivesofmanypeoplebutalsolaidasolidfoundationforfurtherdevelopmentinmedicine.AndIdobelievethatinthe21stcenturyscientistswillworkevengreaterwondersintheareaofmedicalscienceandeventuallyfindcurestowhatarenowcalled"incurable"diseases.THEMARVELSOFMEDICINEINTHETWENTIETHCENTURYLookingback,thetwentiethcenturyhasseennumerousscientificandtechnologicachievements,andwhatstandouthighaboveothersareadvancesinmedicalscience.Theirresultshaveclearlybeenshowninthreeareas,developmentofvaccinesandantibiotics,discoveriesofnewdiagnosismethods,andtheadventofgeneticengineeringasanewbranchoflearning.Eversincemedicalresearchersstartedtodevisewaysofpreventinggermsinvadingthebody,andoffightingthemoncetheydid,thequalityoflifeforpeopleintheworldhasremarkablyimproved.Todaysmallpoxisaforgottendisease,andvaccinationsarenolongerrequired.Polioisundercontrolandthevaccineiswidelyavailable.Thedevelopmentofsuchantibioticsaspenicillinhashelpedmanypeoplerecoverfromseriousillness.Overthepastdecadesmoreandmoredoctorshavecometorealizetheimportanceofdetectingchangesinthebodyatanearlystage.Moderndiagnosisbeganintheearly1900swiththediscoveryofX-rays.Withthepassageoftime,newmethodsforviewingtheinteriorofthebodywerebroughtoutoneafteranother.Inrecentyears,ultrasonicwaves,magneticresonanceandothertechniqueshavemadeitpossibletodetectanythinginthebodythatisbeginningtobeabnormal.Medicaladvanceshavebeenmovinginevenmorefundamentaldirections.Scientistshavefoundthatthebodymachineryisdirectedbythegenes.Researchesinthisfieldhaveevolvedintoanewbranchoflearning—geneticengineering.Itwasonlyinthe1950sthatscientistsdiscoveredthekindofstructuresthegeneshave.Andattheendofthetwentiethcenturythefirst"roughmap"ofthehumangeneticcodewascompleted.Thiswasreferredtoasa"majorscientificmilestone,"whichmightleadtoamorefullyunderstandingofthegenesthatmakepeoplesusceptibletocancer,AIDS,Parkinson'sorAlzheimer's.Witheachimportantdiscovery,thepracticeofmedicinehasundergonearevolution.Themedicaladvancesmadeinthetwentiethcenturyhavenotonlyimprovedthelivesofmanypeoplebutalsol