輪機英語閱讀理解108題

第四章關(guān)聯(lián)題108題

Passage1

Valvedrivemechanism

Thevalvedrivemechanismcommandstheinletandexhaustvalvesattherequiredtiming.

Thevalvedrivemechanismconsistsofaninletandexhaustcamfollower(8)eachsuspendedina

plungerofthetappetassembly(7),twotubularpushrods(4)withballjoints,twonodularcastironrocker

arms(2)suspendedinarockerarmbearingbracket,twoyokes(5)andayokeguidepins.SeeFig.4-1.

Thetappetrollersfollowthecamprofilesandtransferthemovementsthroughpushrodstotherocker

arms.Therockerarmsoperatetheinletandexhaustvalvesthroughyokes(5).Lubricationfortherocker

armscomesfromtheengine'ssecondaryoilsupplymanifoldthroughdrillingsinthecylinderheadand

rockerarmbracket.

Thetappetassemblyreceiveslubricatingoilviachannelsintheengineblockfromthemainsupply

manifold.Fortherollerandshaft,theoilissuppliedthroughtheguidingplunger.

Tocompensateforheatexpansionaclearancemustexistbetweentherockerarmandyoke.All

adjustmentshavetobedoneonacoldengineonly.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thebesttimetoadjustthevalveclearanceis.

A.beforetheengineisstartedB.whentheengineisrunning

C.aftertheenginehasjustbeenstoppedD.whensomethinghasgonewrongwiththeengine

2.Therollerandthetappetassemblyarelubricatedbymeansof.

A.themainlubesystemB.thesecondaryoilsystem

C.thespecialpumpingsystemD.theturbineoilsystem

3.Accordingtothepassage,thevalvedrivemechanismdoesnotinclude*

A.tappetrollersB.pushrodsC.nodularcastironD.yokesandguidepins

4.Toclosevalvestightly,whichclearanceshouldbeinspectedaccordingtothemaintenance

schedule?

A.Theonebetweenthecamandthetappetroller.

B.Tiieonebetweenthepushrodsandtheballjoints.

C.Theonebetweentherockeraimsandtheyoke

D.Theonebetweentwotubularpushrods.

5.Whichstatementaboutthepassageisnottrue?

A.AlladjustmentshavetobemadeonahotengineAonly.

B.Fortherollerandshaft,theoilissuppliedthroughtheguidingplunger.

C.Thevalvedrivemechanismcommandstheinletandexhaustvalvesattherequiredtiming.

D.Therockerarmsoperatetheinletandexhaustvalvesthroughyokes.

Passage3

Chargeaircooler

Theengineisequippedwithachargeaircooler.Theinserttypechargeaircoolerismountedina

weldedcasing(airtrunk).Tlietrunkisboltedtotheengineblock.

Standardisatwo-stagecoolermounted.Thefirststage,throughwhichthechargeairflows,iscooled

withwaterfromtheHTcoolingsystemandcoolsthechargeairtillapprox.90-\00瘢.Tiesecondstageis

suppliedwithwatercomingfromtheETwatersystemandcoolsthechargeairmrthertilltherequired

temperatureofapprox.50X..BycontrollingthewaterflowthroughtheLTcoolerthechargeair

temperaturecanbekeptconstantattherequiredtemperature.

Thecirculatingcoolantwatershouldalwaysbeunderpositivepressureandshouldbeascleanas

possible.Theoperatingairtemperatureshouldbemaintainedbycontrollingthecoolantinlettemperature.

Whilsttheengineisrunningtheairandcoolanttemperaturesandpressuresatinletandoutletshould

becheckedandloggedperiodically.Variationsfromnormalindicatefaultsdevelopingsuchasfoulingof

thefilmplatesorobstructionofthewatertubes.

Checkdaily,duringoperationoftheengine,theworkingofthetelltaleholeatthefreeendofthe

chargeairreceiver.Thefunctionofthisholeistoinformtheoperatorthepresenceofwaterinthechargeair

receiver.Undernormalconditiononlycompressedairshouldescapefromthishole.

1.Accordingtothepassage,theexpression"HT"probablymeans.

A.HIGHTANKB.HIGHTEMPERATURE

C.HEATTRANSMISSIOND.HEATTRANSFER

2.Inordertomaintainthechargeairtemperatureweshouldcontrol.

A.thecoolantinlettemperaturecomingfromthefirststagecooler

B.thecoolantflowcomingfromthesecondstagecooler

C.thecoolantoutlettemperaturecomingfromthesecondstagecooler

D.thecoolantflowcomingfromthefirststagecooler

3.Thechargeairtemperaturedepartingfromnormalmayindicatethat

A.condensatecanbeformed

B.onlycompressedairshouldescapefromthetelltale

C.thefilmplatesarebecomingdirtyorthewatertubesareblockedbyscale

D.coolingwatermayhavebeencarriedintothecylinders

4.Thefunctionofthetelltaleholeisto.

A.detectwhethercompressedairhasescapedfromthehole

B.controlthecoolantinlettemperature

C.determinewhetherthecoolantwaterisunderpositivepressure

D.informtheoperatorthepresenceofwaterinthechargeairreceiver

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?

A.Theengineisequippedwithachargeaircooler.

B.Atwo-stagecoolermountedisstandard.

C.ThefirststageiscooledwithwaterfromtheLHwatersystem.

D.Thesecondstagecoolsthechargeairfurthertillabout50℃.

Passage19

Startingairsystem

Theengineisstartedwithcompressedairofmax30bar.Minimumpressurerequiredis15bar.A

pressuretransmitterPT301mountedonthestartingairlinebeforethemainstartingvalvehasanindicator

intheinstrumentpanel.Thesupplylinefromthestartingairbottlesisprovidedwithanonreturnvalveand

adrainvalve.

Thesolenoidvalveiselectrical(remotecontrol)ormanual(ontheengine)operatedandsendafter

activationapilotairsignaltothemainstartingairvalve.Interruptionofthecontrolairdosesthemain

startingairvalve.

Afterthemainstartingairvalveisactivatedtheairflowsthroughtheflamearresteretothestartingair

valvesinthecylinderheads.PartoftheairHowsviathestartingairdistributortoeachofthestartingair

valvesinthecylinderheads.Thestartingairdistributorcontrolsthetimingofopeningandclosingofthe

startingairvalves.Onthemomentthemainstartingairvalveisoperatedalsothegovernorboosteris

energized.Themainstartingairlineisprovidedofasafetyvalve.Interlockvalveisasafetydevicetoavoid

anenginestartwithengagedtuminggear.

1.Astheengineisstartedwithcompressedair,thecorrectsequenceofthefollowingdevicesbeing

activatedis.

?solenoidvalve;②startingairvalve;(3)startingairdistributor;④mainstartingairvalve;

?governorbooster.

A.①，⑤，④，②，③B.①，④，⑤，③，②C.①，④，③，②，⑤D.④，③，①，②，⑤

2.Thesentence"thegovernorboosterisenergized"(paragraphs)probablymeans.

A.thegovernorboosterissuppliedwithelectricpower

B.hydraulicoilispumpedintothegovernorbooster

C.thegovernorstartstoworkbeforestartingtheengine

D.thegovernorboosterissuppliedwithpressurizedairbeforestartingtheengine

3.Whichofthefollowingcomponentsareattachedtotheairbottles?

A.apressuretransmitterFT301B.anon-returnvalveandadrainvalve

C.asolenoidvalveD.astartingairdistributor

4.Whentheengineisengagedwithturninggear,cankeeptheenginefromstarting

A.thecontrolairB.thesolenoidvalve

C.themainstartingairvalveD.theinterlockvalve

5.Thephrasenflamearresters'1(paragraph3)probablymeans.

A.airfiltersB.fireextinguishersC.stopfirenetD.hydrantconnections

Passage20

Startingairdistributor

Thestartingairdistributorisofthepistontypewithprecisionmachinedinterchangeableliners.

Thelinersaswellasthepilotpistonsareofcorrosionresistantmaterials.Thepilotpistonsare

controlledbyacamconnectedtothecamshaftend.Whenthemainstartingvalveopens,thepilotpistons

arepressedontothecam,wherebythepilotpistonfortheenginecylinderwhichisinstartingposition

admitscontrolairtothemainpistonofthestartingvalve.Thestartingairvalveopensandadmits

compressedairintotheenginecylinderforcingthatpistondown.Shortlybeforetheexhaustvalvesare

openedthepilotvalveinterruptsthecontrolairtothestartingairvalveandstartingairtothatcylinderis

stopped.Thisprocedurewillberepeatedaslongasthemainstartingvalveisactivatedoruntiltheengine

speedissohighthattheenginefires.Afterthemainstartingairvalveisclosed,themainstartingairsystem

isdeaerated,thepressuredropsquicklyandthespringewillliftthepilotplungersoffthecam.Tinsmeans

thatthepilotplungerstouchthecamonlyduringthestartingprocessandthuswearisinsignificant.

Ifapilotlineriswornout,pressitout.Itmaybenecessarytoheatthedistributoruptillabout200℃

asIxtgtjtgisusedforfixingandsealing.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thelinersofthestartingairdistributor.

A.canbereplacedwhenwornoutB.aremadeofheatresistantmaterials

C.areweldedpreciselyD.arewornouteasilyduringthestartingprocess

2.Duringthestartingprocess,when,themainstartingairvalveisclosed.

A.theexhaustvalvesinthestartingcylinderareopened

B.thepilotairtothestartingairvalveisstopped

C.theenginespeedreachesfirespeed

D.thepilotpistonsarepressedontothecam

3.Whensomecylinderoftheengineadmitscompressedairintoit,thepilotpistonofthestartingair

distributorshouldbe.

A.separatedfromthecamB.pressedontothecam

C.liftedoffthecamD.pressedontothecamrepeatedly

4.Fromthepassageweknowthat"Loctile1'isprobably.

A.atypeofgasketB.akindoflubricant

C.agluebondD.ananti-corrosionadditive

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsarenottrue?

A.Thepilotaircontrolstheopeningorclosingofthestartingairvalve.

B.Thestartingprocedurewillberepeateduntiltheenginespeedissohighthattheenginefires.

C.Aftertheengineisstarted,themainstartingairsystemisdrained.

D.Whentheenginestops,thepilotplungersofthestartingairdistributorareseparatedfromthe

cam.

Passage27

Theengine'ssupportingelementconsistsofabedplateandframe.Thebedplatecanbeofweldedor

castdesign.Theframeismadeofcastiron.Theturbochargermounting,thehousingfortheaircoolerand

thechargingairreceiverarecastasanintegralpartoftheframe.Theunderslungcrankshaft*smain

bearingsaremountedinboresintheframeandsecuredwithmainbearingcapsofsteel.Thecapsare

guidedsidewaysandaresecuredbymeansofthreadedstudsandnutsthataretightenedhydraulically.

Thecapsarealsosecuredwithhorizontalbracingscrewsintheframe.

Thebearingshellsareproducedwithatolerancethatmakesitpossibletochangethemasetatatime

withoutanyscraping-in.

Thetopflangesofthecylinderlinersareforcedagainstthetopfaceoftheframebythecylinder

covers,whereasatthebottomtheyareguidedbyabottomflangethroughwhichtheyarefreetoexpand

undertheeffectsofheat.Tightnessbetweenthewaterchamberandthecrankcaseisachievedwithtwo

rubberringsinsertedinslotsintheguidesurfaceofthecylinderliner.

Thecamshaftisdrivenfromthecrankshaftthroughagearing,whichismountedontheengine's

flywheelendandcoveredbya2-partshield.Thecamshaftrunsinsteelbusheslinedwithwhitemetal.

Ineachsideoftheframe,largeopeningsareprovidedforinspectionofrollerguides,camsandthe

mainandcrankbearings.Theopeningshavecovers,someofwhichareprovidedwithcrankcaseexplosion

reliefvalvesthatequalizethepressureiftheoilvaporsinthecrankcaseareignited,forexampleasaresult

ofhotrunning.

Thebedplatecanbeusedasalubricatingoilreservoirandisthereforeprovidedwithadipstick.The

oilcan,however,bedrainedofftoaspecialbottomtank,sothattheenginerunswithadrysump.

Afueloilpumpofthegeartypeisdrivenfromthecamshaftthroughaclutch.Alubricatingoilpump,

whichisofthesametype,isdrivenbyaclutchmountedontheendofthecrankshaftor,forpropulsion

plant,throughaflexiblegearwheeldrive.

(Thefollowingquestionsarebasedonthepassageabove)

1.Thispassageismainlyabout.

A.theconstructionofanengineB.howtheengineworks

C.thelubeandcoolingsystemofanengineD.whenthecrankcaseexplosionoccurs

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanintegralpartoftheframe?

A.TurbochargermountingB.Bearingcaps

C.AircoolerhousingD.Scavengingairreservoir

3.Thecamshaft.

A.issupportedbybearingsB.maynotdrivethefueloilpumpinsomecases

C.willnotdrivealubeoilpumpD.Alloftheabovearetrue.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Theframeismadeofcastiron.

B.Thereareunderslungbearingsinthisengine.

C.Fourrubberringsensurethetightnessbetweenthecrankcaseandthewaterchamber.

D.Reliefvalvesareprovidedontheframe.

5.Whichofthefollowingwordcanbeusedinsteadoftheword"equalize"(underlinedinthefifth

paragraph)?

A.EquivalentB.InterferenceC.ReleaseD.Fix

Passage28

Thecylindercoverismadeofcastironandisprovidedwithtwoinletvalves,twoexhaustvalves,a

centralmountedfuelinjectionvalveandanindicatorvalve.Theinletvalvesaremountedwithseparate

seatingringsmadeofspecialheat-resistantcastiron.Theseringsarepressedintothecylindercoverin

cooledconditions.Theexhaustvalvesearingsarespecial,water-cooledseatingrings.Theseringsarealso

pressedintothecylindercoverincooledconditions.

Eachcylindercoverisprovidedwithcoolingwaterfromascrewed-ontubularcoolingwaterjacket

throughradialboresinthethickbottomofthecover.Eachoftheradialboresisconnectedtotwosidebores.

Thecoverhasfortherseparateboresthatleadtothecoolingwaterjacketandtheboresinthecylindercover

toacommonoutletchamber.Thecylindercoverandcylinderlinerareassembledbymeansoffour

threadedstudsscrewedintotheframe.Tighteningiseffectedbymeansofhydraulictools,andsealingby

meansofathinringmountedbetweenthecylindercoverandthecylinderliner.Astartingvalveismounted

onthesideofthecylindercover.

Theenginehasoil-cooledpistonsofcastiron.Thepistonsareprovidedwiththreecompressionrings

andaspring-loadedscraperring.Aspaceforcoolingoilisprovidedatthetopofthepiston.Thescraper

ringpreventslubricatingoilfrombeingdrawnupintothecombustionchamber.

Oilforcoolingthepistoncrownisledfromaboreinthecrankshaftthroughachannelinthe

connectingrodandtheconnectingrodjournal,todiebushingforthegudgeonpin.Thisbushingisprovided

withanannulargroovefromwhichpartoftheoilisledforlubricatingthegudgeonpin.Tileremainingoil

continuesthroughboresinthegudgeonpinandthepistontopistoncoolingchamber.

(Thefollowingquestionsarebasedonthepassageabove)

1.Thispassageismainlyabout.

A.cylindersandcylindercoversB.cylindersandpistons

C.cylindercoversandpistonsD.cylindersandoil

2.Whichofthefollowingmaybeprovidedontopofthecylindercover*;,

A.TwoexhaustvalvesB.Astartingvalve

C.AnindicatorD.Alloftheabove

3.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.Theinletvalveseatingringsareofheat-resistantcaststeel.

B.Therearesixstudsbywhichthecylindercoverandlineraretightened.

C.Theexhaustvalveseatingsarecooledbywater.

D.Acopperringismountedbetweenthecylindercoverandtheliner.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Thepistonsarecooledbyoil.B.Fourpistonringsarefittedtoeachpiston.

C.Thescraperringscrapestheoildownwards.D.Thepistoncoolingisofsplashtype-

5.The"fourthreadedstuds'*(underlinedinthesecondparagraph)means.

A.studswhichhavefourthreadsB.fourthreadsstuds

C.fourstudsthathavethreadD.threadsforstuds

Passage29

EachoftheenginecylindersisprovidedwithaBosch,typeFF,fuelpump.Thefuelpumpisa

single-actingplungerpumpwithnon-adjustablestroke.Theplungerissoaccuratelygroundandlappedthat

itsclearanceinsidethebarrelisonly0.002?0.003nun.Thisprovidessufficienttightnessbetweenplunger

andbarrel,evenatpressuresashighas200-400bar,withouttheneedforsealingmaterials.Neitherthe

plungernorthebarrelcanthereforeberenewedindividually.Theplungerpressurestrokeisproducedbya

camontheenginecamshaft,whereasthereturnstroke,thesuctionstrokeiseffectedbymeansofastrong

coilspring.Thetopofthepumpbarrelisclosedbyaspring-loadedpressurevalve,towhichthefueloil

pipefortherespectivefuelvalveontherelevantenginecylinderisconnected.

Regulationoftheamountoffueldeliveredbythefuelpumpisachievedbyturningthepumpplunger,

thecylindricalsurfaceofwhichhasamilledrecess.Thebottomofthisrecessendswithanedge,whichis

atrightanglestothecylindergeneratinglines,whereasthetopoftherecessislimitedbyahelix.This

producesaninclinedcontroledgeontheplunger,whichalsohasanarrowlongitudinalgroove.Inthepump

barrelaredrilledtwodiametricalholesthroughwhichtheftieloilcanflowintothefuelpumpbarrel.The

pumpbarrelissurroundedbyaregulatingsleeve,theupperendofwhichisshapedasatoothedrim.The

lowerendhastwolengthwiseslotsinwhichprojectinglugsonthelowerendoftheplungercanslideup

anddown.Theendoftheregulatingrodfromtheenginegovernorisdesignedasatoothedrackthat

engageswiththetoothedrimontheendoftheregulatingsleeve.Thismakesitpossibletonunthepump

plungerduringengineoperation.

(Thefollowingquestionsarebasedonthepassageabove)

1.Thefuelpump.

A.isofFFtyp.B.isofreciprocatingtype

C.hasaninletvalveandanoutletvalveD.AandBaretrue.

2.Theplunger.

A.isaccuratelygroundandlappedoutsidethebarrelB.hasatinyclearanceinsidethebarrel

C.canberenewedindividuallywhenwornoutD.Alloftheabovearetrue

3.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.ThestrokeoftheplungercanbeadjustedB.Theoutletvalveisspringloaded

C.TheplungerdownstrokeisaccomplishedbythespringD.BandCaretrue.

4.Itcanbeinferredthatwhenmovingtherack.

A.thesleevemovesupanddownB.theplungermovesupanddown

C.theeffectivestrokeofthepumpwillbechangedD.Alloftheabovearetrue.

5.Theworduinclinedn(underlinedinthethirdparagraph)means.

A.sloppedB.slopingC.slungD.slotted

Passage30

Governingprimemovers,particularlydieselengines,requirecarefulconsideration.Thecyclic

variationsofadieselcyclecanbepassedintothegovernordriveifitistoo"stiff*.Tnatis,thecyclic

vibrationswillbeimposedontheinternalgearingetc.insidethegovernorhousing.Topreventthis,some

formofdampershouldbeusedonthedriveintothegovernor.Themountingpointforthegovernorshould

berigid;avibrationmountingwouldsoondowngradeeventhebestofgovernors.Chainorbeltdrives

shouldbeavoidedasfaraspossible,asslappingofthebeltorchainproducesspeedvariationscausing

malfunctionofthegovernor.Similarlythedrivefromtheendofthecamshaftissubjecttotorsional

vibrations,andgovernorsshouldnotbelocatedatthatpoint.Theyshouldbelocatedascloseaspracticable

tothefuelpumps,therebylimitingthemass/inertiaofoperatinglinkage.hiallcases,thegovernorshould

bematchedtotheenginerequirementsintermsofdroop,loadlimiting,responsetimeetc.Onlargeengines

thereisaninertialresistancetoaccelerationwithinthemassesofreciprocatingandrotatingelementsofthe

engine,sothatduringaccelerationfuelcouldbereleasedtothecylindersatafasterratethanefficient

combustioncanbumit.Inanattempttocompensateforthis,andtomaintainacceptablecombustionduring

acceleration,atappingfromthescavengespacemaybetakenandthepressureusedtoregulatetherateof

fuelreleasedtotheengine.Thisprocessisincorporatedintothegovernoroperatingsystemsothatthe

governorreleasesaquantityoffuelcommensuratewiththeincreaseinairpressureinthescavengespace.

(duringdecelerationtheproblemisnotsogreat,asexcessaircanbetoleratedfarmoreeasilythancanthe

incompletecombustionassociatedwithinsufficientair.)

(Thefollowingquestionsarebasedonthepassageabove)

1.Thispassageismainlyabout.

A.mountingthegovernorsB.thescavengepressurelimittothegovernor

C.AandBD.howthegovernorregulatesthefuelindex

2.Thedrivetothegovernor.

A.shouldberigidB.shouldusedamper

C.shouldusechainsorbeltsD.shouldbefromtheendofthecamshaft

3.Thegovernorshouldbemountedclosetothefuelpumps.

A.forlimitingtheinertiaeffectB.forlimitingtheload

C.toensurespeeddroopD.tocutdownthecost

4.Itcanbeinferredthatwithscavengepressurelimit.

A.theenginecanbeacceleratedrapidlyB.theenginecanbedeceleratedrapidly

C.thegovernorwillsupplyfueloilefficientlyD.thecombustionwillbemorecomplete

5.Theword"downgrade1'(underlinedinthispassage)maymean.—.

A.alowergradeB.reducetoalowergrade

C.theextenttoalowergradeD.raisethegrade

Passage31

Aftertheshut-on"valveofthestartingairreceiverhasbeenopened,theairflowsatfullpressure

throughthefiltertothemainstartvalvenA"(withcomplicatedconstrustion),therebyapplyingpressureto

pipebetweenthemainstartvalve"A"andthestartingaircontrolvalve.Providingthatmaneuveringhand

wheelisinthe"Stop"position,allotherpipesarewithoutpressure.

IfthewheelisturnedtowardstheHStart"position,apawlabovethestartingaircontrolvalveis

actuatedandthevalveisopened,allowingairtoflowtothemainstartvalvenAu.Itopenstoallowadirect

through-flowofair.Allcylinderstartingvalvesarethusexposedtoairpressureand,furthermore,airflows

tothestartingairdistributor,whichiscontrolledbythecamshaft.Thedistributorhasaseriesofslide

valvesarrangedradiallyaroundthecamshaft-oneslidevalveforeachcylinder.Thesesupplypilotairtothe

cylinderstartingvalveswithpistonsinthe''Start"position.Therotationoftheenginecrankshaft

commences,afterwhichthecylinderstartingvalvesareopenedinthecorrectsequence-Thecrankshaftis

thusbroughttospeedofrotationnecessaryforcompressionandignition.

Whenthemaneuveringhandwheelisturned,thegovernorisactuatedthroughaflexiblecablesetting

thefuelpumps.However,afuelindexlimitingarrangementisinserted,whichkeepstheregulatingshaft

andthusthefuelpumpsatzeroindexduringthestartingprocess,ensuringthatfuelisnotinjectedintoa

cylinderduringthesupplyofstartingair.

Whentheenginecrankshafthasreachedthenecessaryspeed,thehandwheelisturnedfurtherpastthe

''Start"positionwiththeresultthatthearmabovethestartingaircontrolvalveisreleasedandthevalveis

closedandvented.Atthesametime,thecontrolpistoninthemainstartvalvenA"isalsovented,thus

blockingthesupplyofairtothecylinderstartingvales,thestartingairdistributorandthefuelindexlimiter.

Gradually,asthehandleisturnedfurthertowardsthemaximumposition.Thegovernorincreasesthefuel

pumpindexandthecrankshaftrotatesmorequickly.Thegovernorensuresthatthemaximumpermissible

speedisnotexceeded.

(Thefollowingquestionsarebasedonthepassageabove)

1.Thispassageisabout.

A.startingairsystemandspeedregulatingsystemB.startoftheengine

C.governorD.crankshaft

2.Iftheshut-offvalveofthestartingairreceiverisopened.

A.thecylinderstartingvalvesaresubjecttopressure

B.theairflowstothestartingairdistributor

C.thestartingaircontrolvalveisactuated

D.Noneoftheaboveistrue.

3.tfthehandwheelispositioned"start”.

A.thestartingaircontrolvalvewillbeopened

B.individualstartingvalveoneachcylinderwillbeexposedtopressure

C.therewillbecylinderstartingvalveorvalvesopened

D.Alloftheabovearetrue.