2023年上海市中考英語【熱點(diǎn)·重點(diǎn)·難點(diǎn)】二輪綜合復(fù)習(xí)-重難點(diǎn)11 閱讀理解A篇之記敘文（學(xué)生版）

重難點(diǎn)11閱讀理解A篇之記敘文(學(xué)生版)(建議用時：30分鐘)命題趨勢中考閱讀理解題主要考查學(xué)生的語篇閱讀能力、分析和判斷能力。要求學(xué)生能較快地通過閱讀理解短文大意，獲取其中的主要信息，能做出正確判斷，然后根據(jù)試題的要求從A,B,C,D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案或做出正誤判斷。文章的難易程度和初三課文基本相同，要求閱讀速度為每分鐘40-50個詞。主要涉及到記敘文，說明文，應(yīng)用文等。滿分技巧四種題型:1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題☆考察方面：學(xué)生對相關(guān)信息的識別能力，答案一般可在原文定位到☆答題事項(xiàng)：應(yīng)迅速找到并且定位到考點(diǎn)，不可望文生義和主觀臆斷☆干擾選項(xiàng)：一般與文中觀點(diǎn)相反，不符，未涉及，特征是無中生有，張冠李戴，以偏概全，擴(kuò)大內(nèi)容解題技巧:通讀短文，領(lǐng)會文章大意，理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)層次及細(xì)節(jié)，特別注意：.五個W(who,which,when,where,what)和一個H(how)；.數(shù)字、日期、時間等；.注意加強(qiáng)語氣的詞，運(yùn)用排除法排除不符合原文細(xì)節(jié)的選項(xiàng)，剩下的就是最佳答案。.詞句猜測題此題要求考生正確理解短文中的一些關(guān)鍵詞語或句子的含義，常用的方法是多種表達(dá)法、一詞多義法、同義近義或反義提示法、習(xí)語釋文法及句型轉(zhuǎn)換法等。解題技巧：.正確理解題意，從短文中找到相關(guān)的詞、短語或句子，根據(jù)特定的語境來判斷理解,推敲斟酌和最后確定其準(zhǔn)確含義。.根據(jù)上下文猜測詞義的技巧：(1)注意定義和解釋；(2)同義詞或近義詞的提示；(3)近義詞和反義詞的提示；(4)利用懸念的屬種關(guān)系；(5)借助已有知識或生活常識。.推理判斷題(不要自行推理+過度推理)☆考察方面：透過文章的信息進(jìn)入深刻的分析，歸納和推斷得解☆答題事項(xiàng)：應(yīng)迅速找到并且定位到考點(diǎn)，不可望文生義和主觀臆斷解題技巧：.分析文章的主旨。.分清文章的主要思想及次要思想。.尋找文章的邏輯思路。.核對問題中各項(xiàng)選擇與文章中有關(guān)詞句的聯(lián)系。.主旨人意題(Besttitle)☆考察方面：學(xué)生對文章主旨的駕馭能力，答案一般需要合理的歸納和總結(jié)得到☆答題事項(xiàng)：通過略讀來快速把握文章的中心，閱讀時視域要寬，緊抓對主題句搜索,按意群進(jìn)行閱讀，避免閱讀中的出聲，指讀，復(fù)視或停頓。Mr.ConwaytoldallthestudentsthatEarthDaywascomingupsoonandtheyshouldallcomeupwithanideaforaproject.Everyonethoughtreallyhardabouttheiridea.Miguelsaid,“Weshouldstartrecycling（回收）atschool.Wecouldsetupbigbins（垃圾箱）aroundourschool.“Greatidea,Miguel!”Mr.Conwaypraised."Whoelsehasanidea?”Emmasaid,“Wecouldencourage（鼓勵）everyonetoridetheirbikesinsteadofusingcarsorschoolbuses.Wecouldmakebigposters（海報）andencourageourparentstoridebikestoworktoo.”"Anothergreatidea!"Mr.Conwaysaid."Anyoneelse?”Kimsaid,“Atmyhousewehaveavegetablegarden,andweeatwhatwegroweveryyear.Maybewecouldstartagardenhereatschoolandserve（月艮務(wù)；提供）thevegetablesindinninghall.^^Mr.Conwaysaid,"Ilikethatidea.Tilhavetodiscussitwiththeheadteacherthough.Whoelsehadanidea?”Johnnysaid,“Iheardpeoplecansavealotofenergy（能量）bychangingfromtraditionalbulbs（電燈泡）tofluorescentlightbulbs（熒光燈），butIknownoteverybodyhasthem,lefshavealightbulbdrive（運(yùn)動）.wherewecollectfluorescentlightbulbs,ormoneytobuythem,andgivethemtopeoplewhoneedthem.”“Alloftheseareterrificideas!,5Mr.Conwaysaid."TheywouldallhelptheEarthstayhealthyandclean.Idon'tknowhowI'lldecidewhichonetopick.”Miguelraisedhishandandsaid,"Whydoyouhavetopickjustone?Whydon'twedothemall?"Mr.Conwaylookedsurprised,butnodded（點(diǎn)頭）hisheadatlast.OnEarthDay,theclassweredividedinto（被分成）teams.Miguelandhisteamgotbigbinsandlabeled（用標(biāo)簽標(biāo)明）themforrecycling.Emmaandherteammadebrightsignsencouragingeveryonetoridebikes.Johnnyandhisteamgavefluorescentlightbulbstoeveryfamilywhoneededthem.Theheadteacheroftheschoolevengaveagieenlighttostartaschoolgaiden.WhatwasMiguePsideafbrtheprojectonEarthDay?A.Tojoinagreenclub. B.Tostartrecyclingathome.C.Tosetupbigbins. D.Tostoplittering（扔垃圾）atschool.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph4referto?A. Kim'sidea. B.Emma'sidea. C. Johnny'sidea. D.Mr.Conway's idea.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“terrific"inParagraph6mean?A. terrible B.wonderful C. strange D.boringWhatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.HowthestudentsspendEarthDay. B.WhateveryonethoughtofEarthDay.C.HowtheclassweredividedonEarthDay.D.WhatthestudentslovedaboutEarthDay.HowdoyouthinkKimfelt,accordingtotheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraph?A.Excited. B.Worried. C.Bored. D.Surprised.I'mgoodatmyschoolwork,butforsomereason,Ihaveaverybadhabitoflosingthings.Lastsummer,Twasonvacationwithmyfamilyatthebeach.Onthefirstday,myfathergavemeawatch.“Youneedtohaveawatch,sotakegoodcareofitJhesaid.Thenextday,Iwentswimming.Thesunwasshiningonthewater.Thewaterwaswarmandbeautiful.Ireallyenjoyedbeinginthewater.WhenIreturnedtobeach,IwasquitetiredsoIlaydown.Atthatmoment,Iwantedtoseewhattimeitwas.Butthewatchwasgone!Ilookedforitallafternoon,butIcouldnotfindit.Thatnightatdinner,mysisterasked,“Whattimeisit?”“AskTom,“mymothersaid."Hehasanewwatch.”Dadlookedatmeandsaid,"Don'ttellmethatyou'velostthewatchalready!”“No!"Isaid.Iwassweating（出汗）withgreatfear.IknewIwasgoingtobecaughtinaterriblelie（謊言）.Justthen,therewasanannouncement,"Ladiesandgentlemen,averynicewatchwasfoundonthebeachtoday.Ifyoulostoneandcanidentify（確認(rèn)）it,pleasecometothefrontdesk.”Atonce,IknewwhatIhadtodo.Islowlygotup,withmywholefamilystaringatme.Iwenttothedesk.Thereitwas.Thewatchwasnotbroken.Itwasstillworking.Iwalkedbacktothetable,satdownandsaidinalowvoiceJTmsorryIdidn'ttellthetruth.Myfamilysmiled.TheyknewthatIhadfinallylearnedmylesson.Tom'sfathergavehimanewwatchbecauseTom.A.neededone B.wasonvacationC.dislikedhisoldone D.behavedwellatschoolWhatdidTomdowhenhefoundthewatchwasgone?A.Hetoldhisfatheraboutthat.B-Heaskedthefrontdeskforhelp.C.Hespentallafternoonlookingforit.D.Hedidnothingandcontinuedlyingonthebeach.HowmightTomfeelaftersaying“No”?A.H叩py. B.Worried. C.Relaxed. D.Angry.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Tomdoeswellinhisschoolwork.B?Tomenjoysswimminginthewater.C.Tomalwaystellslies.D.Tomoftenlosesthings.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"lesson“inthelastsentencereferto?A.Takinggoodcareofourselvesisnecessary.B?It'simportanttolistentoparents.C.Weshouldexcuseothers9mistakes.D.Facemistakesbravelyratherthantellinglies.Long,longagotherewasaveryfoolishthief.Doyouknowwhathedidoneday?Whenhewantedtosteal（偷）thebellonhisneighbour'sdoor,hewalkeduptothedoor,tookholdof（抓?。﹖hebellandpulledhard.Thebellmadeaveryloudnoise.Thethiefwasafraidandwenthome.Thenhesatdowntothink,"ImustdosomethingaboutthenoiseJhesaid.Hethoughtandthought.Atlasthehadanidea."Ah,I'llputsomecottoninmyears.ThenIwon'tbeabletohearthenoise."Thenextdayhewenttothedoorofhisneighbour,andtookholdofthebell.Thistimehepulledevenharder.Thebellrangloudly,butthethiefdidnothearanything.Withanotherhardpullhegotthebellout.Justthentheneighbourcamerunningout.“Stealmybell?rilteachyoualesson（教訓(xùn)I）Jtheangrymanshouted.Andhehitthethiefonthenose.Thefoolishthiefdidnotknowhowtheneighbourfoundouthewasstealingthebell."Whydidhecomeoutjustthen?”hewondered（感至U疑惑）.Thethiefwastryingtoget.A.hisneighbour B.hisneighbour^doorbellC.somecotton D.adoorwithabellonitThethiefputsomecottoninhisears.Hethoughtitwouldbeforhimtostealthedoorbell.A.safe B.difficult C.dangerous D.easyTheneighbourranoutprobably（彳艮可能）because.A.heknewhisdoorbellwasbeingstolenB.hethoughtsomeonewaseager（渴望的）tovisithimC.herealized（意識至U）somethingstrangehappenedD.BothBandC14.Theneighbourhitthethiefto.A.givehimlessons B.punish（懲罰）himforstealingC.helphimwiththebell D.behisteacher15.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Thethiefunderstoodwhyhewashitonthenose.B?Thethiefknewwhytheneighbourcameout.Thethiefthoughttheneighbourcouldn'thearthenoisethebellmade.Thethiefdidn'twanttoknowwhytheneighbourranout.AChineseworker,whocaredfortheinjuredanddealtwithadangeroussituationandthengotlostinthemountains,hasbeensaved17dayslater.GanYu,aworkeratSichuan'sWandonghydropowerplant（水力發(fā)電站），wasondutywithhisco-worker,LuoYong,onSept.5whenthe6.8-levelquakehitsouthwesternSichuanProvince.LuopreventedfloodingbypouringwaterfromthedambeforehejoinedGanYu,whostayedbehindtogivefirstaidtoinjuredco-workers.Thenthepairrantotheplantandturnedoffthegenerator（發(fā)電機(jī)）.Theytriedtoleavethefar-awaypowerstation,walkingaroundfor20kilometers.ButGan,whohasverypooreyesight,hadlosthisglassesduringthequakeandfounditdifficulttowalkinthemountains.TheyfinallydecidedthatGanshouldstayputwhileLuowentlookingforhelp.LuoleftGansomewildfruitandbambooshootstoeat.LuowasfoundonSept.8,butbythetimeGan'spiecesofclothingandfootprintswerediscoveredonSept.11,hehaddisappeared.Luckily,thestorydidn'tendhere.OnSept.19,alocalfarmer,NiTaigao,returnedtohisvillageatthefootof

themountainwherethepowerplantis,andheardaboutthenewsoflookingforGan.Thevillagerputhislocalknowledgetouseandjoinedthesearch.Duringhoursoftrekking（艱苦跋涉），heheardGan'sweakcriesandsoonnoticedhim.Therearenosuperheroesinthisstory,butordinarypeoplelikethethreeturnedintoheroes.16.Wheredidthestoryhappen?A.Sichuan. B.Fujian.17.WhatdidLuoYongdointhestory?A.Sichuan. B.Fujian.17.WhatdidLuoYongdointhestory?A.Helosthisglasses.Hepreventedflooding.C.Yunnan. D.Guizhou.B?Hejoinedthesearch.Hehelpedtheinjured.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"stayput-inParagraph2mean?A.熬夜 B.離開 C.不動 D.出發(fā)WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.GanYuhasbeensavedonSeptember11th.B,Thetwomanhadtroublewalkingoutofthemountains.C.LuoYongtookallthewildfruitandbambooshootswithhim.D.NiTaigaohasnolocalknowledgebuthewantedtohelpthem.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ALostWorkerB.HydropowerPlantC.ALocalFarmerD.OrdinaryHeroesOnarainyday,about150volunteersworkedforeighthourstocleanupCarsonCreekthatisnearariver.Aboutninetonsoftrashwastakenoutfromthere.“Wedidagoodjob,“saidAlanSpecter,theorganizeroftheevent."We'veplannedtocomebackhereonemoretime.Ofcourse,wehopethattherewon'tbesomuchtrashnextThetrashcameinallshapes,sizesandcolors:bottles,bicycles,batteries,furniture,clothing,plasticbags,dollsandevenagolfbagwithafullsetofgolfclubs（高爾夫球桿）.Thedirtyandtiringworkwasdonebytwovolunteeringgroups——SavetheBayandWatchtheWhales.Mostofthevolunteerscamefromalocalpolicestationandafirestation.Andsomeofthemwereoldpeoplewhohadalreadybeenretired.Thatday,itrainedalittle.Allofthemworebootsandraincoats.Theworktookplacealongatwo-mileriverwithover500bigyellowtrashbagseverywhere.Noonefoundanythingthatcostmuch.Afive