2022-2023學年黑龍江省佳木斯重點中學高二(下)期中英語試卷-普通用卷_第1頁
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第=page11頁,共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學年黑龍江省佳木斯重點中學高二(下)期中英語試卷一、閱讀理解(本大題共15小題,共30.0分)AIcehouseandiceticket

AsearlyasPre-QinDynasty,peopleusednaturalicetokeepfoodfreshandmakecolddrinks.TheZhouroyalcourthadaspecializeddepartmentcalled"iceadministration".TheycollectednaturaliceblockseachDecembertostoreintheicehouse.DuringtheQingDynasty,"icetickets"wereusedandtheywereavailableonlytoofficialsandtherich.

Icecontainer

Themostcommonlyusedcoolingtooliscalled"Jian",whichisabigcontainerfilledwithice.ItwasmadeofclayinearlyChinesehistory,andwaslatermadeofcopper(銅).The"Jian"canbeseenasanancientrefrigerator,whichcanbeusedtomakecolddrinks.

Hidingfoodinthewell

DuringtheQinandHandynasties,forcommonpeople,themostcommonwaytocooloffisbyusingtheirwells.Somefamiliesputapotinthewellasacoldcloset,orputfoodinabasketandloweredthebasketintothewellwitharope.

Herbaldrinks

DuringtheQingDynasty,takingChineseherbalmedicinewaspopularinBeijing.Inhotsummer,somepeoplepreferredtodrinkicewater,someboiledperillaleaves,andliquoriceassummersouptokeepofftheheat.Ancientpeoplealsolovedtomakelotusseedsoupinsummerforthebenefitofstrengtheningthebody.1.Whatdoes"Jian"havethesamefunctionas?______A.Container. B.Refrigerator. C.Clay. D.Copper.2.Whichofthefollowingisunavailabletocommonpeople?______A.Icetickets. B.Icecontainer.

C.Hidingfoodinthewell. D.Herbaldrinks.3.What'sthecommonpurposeoftheabovefourways?______A.Tostrengthenthebody. B.Tokeepfoodfresh.

C.Toescapethesummerheat. D.Tomakecolddrinks.BWhenIsetdownacupofsoupinfrontofoneof"TheParty",sheglanceddownatit,andthenfrowned."Hannah,Iaskedforahalfcupofsoup,"shesaid,soundingangrily,"Youarealwayssoslow.Idon'tknowhowyoualwaysmessupourorders."

Ipolitelymumbledanapology.Itwasonlyacupofsoup,andanhonestmistake,butIfeltlikesuchadisaster.

Theresidentsatthehigh-endseniorlivingcommunity,whereIservedasawaitressinthecafeteria,expectednothinglessthanafive-stardiningexperienceandmysmallmistakewasnottobetolerated.

WhenIfirststartedworkingthere,Iwasalreadyshyandcouldn'tstandtheideathatsomeonedidn'tlikeme.Earlyon,whenresidentswouldscoldorcriticizemewithorwithoutreasons,Ifeltlikecrawlingunderarock.

Themostdifficultguestsbyfarwereagroupofsixwomenwhotheserversnicknamed"TheParty."Atfirst,theyseemedfriendly.Butthetruthisthattheywererudeanddemanding.Iwouldleavethediningroomexhaustedalmosteverynightafterservingthem.

Somehowthoseroughnightsstartedtochangemetobecomemoreoutgoingandself-assured.Theresidentsgraduallydependonmeandmy"convinced"smile.IusedtohavetroublespeakinginfrontofagroupandwouldbeshywhenIdid.Now,IhavenoproblemwalkinguptoatableoffourteenpeopleandmakingconversationasifIhadknownthemmywholelife.

Igivecreditto"TheParty"forputtingmeinasituationwhereIhadnochoicebuttosmileandcarryon.Today,whenIsee"TheParty",Istillflinchalittleinside,butthenIpullbackmyshoulders,liftmychinandmarchuptothemask,"What'sitgoingtobetoday,ladies?"4.Whatdoweknowabouttheresidents?______A.Theyareverypickyaboutservices.

B.Theyallenjoyhavingmealsingroups.

C.Theyallbehavenicelyandreasonably.

D.Theyallfindfavorsintheeyesoftheservers.5.Whichisthequalitytheauthorpossessesnow?______A.Shyness. B.Confidence. C.Selfishness. D.Indifference.6.Whatdoestheunderlineword"flinch"mean?______A.takein. B.beatup. C.cheerup. D.drawback.7.Whatmorallessoncanwetakefromthisstory?______A.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

B.Practicemakesperfect.

C.Whatdoesn'tkillyoumakesyoustronger.

D.Withgreatpowercomesgreatresponsibility.C

Awomanheldherphonetightlytoherheartthewayachurch-goermightholdaBible.Shewasanxioustotakeapictureofanimpressivebunchofflowersthatsatnotsofaraway,butfirstshehadtogetthroughacrowdofotherspushingtheirwaytodothesame.ThecauseofthiswasBouquetstoArt,oneofthemostpopulareventsatthedeYoungMuseuminSanFrancisco.

Flowersellerswereaskedtocreateflowerarrangementsthatrespondtopiecesofartondisplay,fromancientcarvingstocontemporarysculptures.It'sextremelyattractiveandalsomemorable,tothepointthatithasbecomeaproblem.

Inrecentyears,thedeYoungreceivedmorethanathousandcomplaintsfrompeoplewhofeltthatcellphoneshadspoiledtheirexperienceoftheexhibit.Institutionsoffineartaroundtheworldfacesimilarproblemsasthedesiretotakephotographsbecomesahugeattractionformuseums,aswellassomethingthatupsetssomeoftheirpatrons(資助人).SothedeYoungrespondedwithakindofcompromise:carvingout"photofree"hoursduringtheexhibition'ssix-dayrun.

Onecommoncomplaintabouttheeffectofsocialmediaonmuseumcultureisthatpeopleseemtobemissingoutonexperiencesbecausetheyaresobusycollectingevidenceofthem.AstudyrecentlypublishedinthejournalPsychologicalSciencesuggeststhereissometruthtothis.Itfindsthatpeoplewhokeeptakingphotosofanexhibitandpostingthemonsocialmediaratherthansimplyobservingithaveahardtimerememberingwhattheysee.Buttheissueiscomplexfortheprofessionalsrunningmuseums.LindaButler,thedeYoung'sheadofmarketingandvisitorexperience,acknowledgesthatnoteveryonewantsamuseumtobe"aphoto-takingplayland".YetalotofpeopledoandshebelievesthatthedeYoungisinnopositiontojudgeonereasonforbuyinga$28tickettobemorevalidthananother."Ifweremovedsocialmediaandphotography,"shesays."Wewouldriskbecomingirrelevant."8.WhatwasthewomaneagertodoaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Togetherphone. B.Toescapethecrowd.

C.Totakeaphoto. D.Topushahead.9.HowdidthedeYoungrespondtothedilemma?A.Bysettingperiodswithoutphoto-taking.

B.Bymakingtheexhibitionfreeofcharge.

C.Bycompromisingwiththegovernment.

D.Byextendingthefreeexhibitionhours.10.Therecentstudyfindsthattheuseofsocialmediainmuseumsmay______.A.uncoverthetruth B.causeirrelevancy

C.bringmorepleasure D.playanegativerole11.WhichofthefollowingmayLindaButlersupport?

A.Reducingadmissionprices.

B.Cateringtovisitors.

C.Reservingjudgementinpublic.

D.Banningsocialmediaandphotography.D

Withnospecialequipment,nofencesandnowatering,twoabandonedagriculturalfieldsintheUKhavebeenrewilded(重新野化),inlargepartduetotheeffortsofjays,whichactually"engineered"thesenewwoodlands.Researchersnowhopethatrewildingprojectscantakeamorenaturalandhands-offapproachandthatjayscansomeoftheirbadreputations.

Thetwofields,whichresearchershavecalledtheNewWildernessandtheOldWilderness,hadbeenabandonedin1996and1961respectively.Theformerwasabarefield,whilethelatterwasgrassland—bothlaynexttoancientwoodlands.Researchershadsuspectedthatthefieldswouldgraduallyreturntowilderness,butitwasimpressivetoseejusthowquicklythishappened,andhowmuchofitwasowedtobirds.

Usingaerialdata,theresearchersmonitoredthetwosites.Afterjust24years,theNewWildernesshadgrownintoayoung,healthywoodwith132livetreesperhectare,overhalfofwhich(57%)wereoaks.Meanwhile,theOldWildernessresembledamaturewoodlandafter39years,with390treesperhectare.

"Thisnativewoodlandrestorationwasapproachingthestructure(butnotthespeciescomposition)oflong-establishedwoodlandswithinsixdecades,"theresearchersexplainedinthestudy.

Partofthisreforestationwasdonebythewind,andresearcherssuspectthatpreviousgrounddisturbancemayhaveaidedthewoodlandestablishment—whichisgoodnews,asitwouldsuggestthatagriculturalareasmaybereforestedfasterthananticipated.However,animals—Eurasianjays,thrushes,woodmice,andsquirrels—alsoplayedanimportantroleinhelpingtheforeststakeshape.Thishandfulofspeciesprovidedmuchofthenaturalregenerationneededfortheforesttodevelop.Jays,inparticular,seemtohavedonealotofheavylifting.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"shed"inParagraph1referto?A.Beopposedto. B.Beashamedof. C.Getusedto. D.Getridof.13.Whichaspectofthechangesinthetwofieldsimpressedtheresearchers?A.Thescaleofthewoodlands. B.Thediversityofthefields.

C.Therateofthechanges. D.Thefrequencyofthewilderness.14.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbyprovidingsomedatainparagraph3?A.Thewoodlandrestorationwasapproachingthestructureoflong-establishedones.

B.Muchofthewildernessofthefieldswasowedtobirds.

C.Previousgrounddisturbanceaidedthewoodlandestablishment.

D.Howquicklythefieldsreturnedtowildernessovertime.15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Theessentialroleofhumansinthereforestation.

B.Thefactorsthatcontributetothereforestation.

C.Theimportanceofwoodlandestablishment.

D.Thethreatsfacedbyahandfulofwildanimals.二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題,共10.0分)Herearesometipstogetyourlittleonestohelpyoudohouseworknaturally.

ExposekidstohouseworkasmuchaspossibleWhentheyareyoung,letthemwatchyoucook,washclothesorwalkthedog,orletthemhelpmakeabed.(1)______.

Especiallyduringtheearlyyears,givechildrentheopportunitytowanderoverandwatchwhat'sgoingonwiththeadults.(2)______.Nolecturingorexplanationisneeded.Thispsychologicalintegration(融人)intothefamilyisreallyimportantforkidstolearntoworktogetherwithotherslaterinlife.

(3)______.

Abigmotivatingforceforyoungchildrenisbeingaroundtheirfamily,workingonacommongoal.Thismotivationislostifwedivideuphouseworksoeveryoneisworkingalone.Therefore,ifyou'redoinglaundry,besureeveryoneisfoldingeveryone'sclothes.Ifyouhavethechildrenjustfoldtheirownclothes,thetaskbecomesmoreaboutworkingindependently.

Don'tforceitSometimespeoplethinkthattogetchildrentodohousework,theparentsmustbedoingareallygoodjobofcontrollingthekids.(4)______.Theaimisnottocontrolthekids,butrathertodevelopthechildren'sowninitiative(主動性).

Forcingthechildactuallyhastheoppositeeffect.Itcangenerateresistance.

(5)______.Askingalittlekid"Couldyouhelpmewiththis?"oftengetsthemonboardmoreoftenthansimplysaying"Youmustdothis".

A.Actually,theoppositeistrue

B.Alwaysaimtoworktogether

C.Thegoalistocontroltheparents

D.Changeyourmindaboutyoungchildren

E.Justlikeadults,kidsdon'tlikebeingbossedaround

F.You'llbesurprisedbyhowmuchchildrenlearnbysimplyobservingwhatyoudo

G.Basically,besurethey'rearoundanythingyouwantthemtohelpyoulaterinlife16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空(本大題共15小題,共22.5分)Myjourneytoisolation(隔離)inAntarcticawassomewhataccidental.Isawa(n)(21)forapositionasaleaderforanexpedition(探險)toAntarcticaandwasinterested.(22),itwasthepictureofapenguinintheadthatcaughtmyattention.It(23)thattheywerelookingforsomeoneinchargeofanexpeditionteam.Itookpartinajob(24)andthengotajobthatIknewhadInotgoneforitIwould(25).

(26)18strangersaroundtheclockforafullyear,withno(27)fromthecoldandstrongwinds,Ilearnedalot.BeinginisolationmeantIhadtodolotsofself(28).EverydayIwouldthinkcarefullyofhowIhadoperatedasaleader.Thatdisciplineof(29)myselftaughtmehowtotellrightfromwrong.

AfterreturningfromthesilentAntarctica,thenoiseintheoutsideworldseemed(30).Ittookmeabout180daysto(31)tothenoisylife.IlimitedthetimeIspentoutsideandgradually(32)mytolerancetonoise.Besides,the(33)ofmylifeinAntarcticawasveryslow,justlikeeveryone'slifeinlockdown(禁閉期)duetotheCOVID-19.Whenlfirstgotintomycarforaridealone,IfeltlikeIwas(34),eventhoughIwasn't.

NowadaysIoftenthinkbacktowhenIsawthe(35)thatinspiredmetolookattheadforthejob-amomentthatchangedmylifealtogether.21.

A.requirement B.picture C.advertisement D.accident22.

A.Actually B.Ultimately C.Consequently D.Subsequently23.

A.believed B.ordered C.promised D.noted24.

A.experiment B.interview C.election D.investigation25.

A.decline B.delay C.regret D.accept26.

A.Seeking B.Leading C.Knowing D.Training27.

A.suffer B.escape C.concern D.favor28.

A.ambition B.adaptation C.recognition D.reflection29.

A.evaluating B.blocking C.behaving D.enjoying30.

A.louder B.gone C.quieter D.normal31.

A.prefer B.sustain C.adjust D.tailor32.

A.putoff B.turnedup C.tookoff D.builtup33.

A.track B.pace C.quantity D.mode34.

A.running B.driving C.wandering D.speeding35.

A.penguin B.leader C.teammate D.advertiser四、語法填空(本大題共1小題,共15.0分)36.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。

NumerousChineseculturalandarttreasures(1)______(put)onshowinmanypartoftheworldoverthepastyears,showcasingthefantasticChinesecivilizationontheglobalstageand(2)______(promote)culturalexchanges.

Twoyearsago,NewZealand'snationalstartedafour-monthexhibition,wherebothTerracottaWarriors(兵馬俑)(3)______morethan160antiquepiecesmadeofgold,jade,andbronzeweredisplayed.Ontheopeningday,localcitizenslineduptoenjoythis"onceinalifetime"experience.Theexhibition,(4)______providedvisitorswithsomeknowledgeoflong-standingChinesecivilization,was(5)______(high)appreciatedfortheindividualityofeachterracottawarriorandthe(6)______(believable)creativityneededtobuildthearmy.

TreasuresshowingthelivesofemperorsandexpressesalsowentondisplayinmuseumsinWashingtonD.C.andMoscowlastyear,(7)______over100piecesbeingputonshow,includingrealistic(8)______(painting),furnishingsandjewelryfromthePalaceMuseuminBeijing.Theexhibitionwasalsoahugesuccess.

Chineseandforeignmuseumshavebeenmakingexchanges(9)______(encourage)dialogbetweencivilizationsandfosterpeople'sunderstandingofandengagementwithcultures.Itis(10)______importantjobformuseumstobringtheworldcloser.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書面表達(本大題共2小題,共50.0分)37.許多高中生熬夜學習。對此,不同人有不同意見,請你以"高中生應熬夜學習么"為題寫一篇議論文。

要求:1.從正反兩個方面陳述人們不同意見;

2.給出你的見解。

注意:詞數(shù)100詞左右;題目已經寫出,不計入總詞數(shù)。

參考詞匯:stayup熬夜

ShouldSeniorHighStudentsStayupforstudy?______________38.ItwasahotJunedayinthesuburbofAustin,Texas,andSammyArmstrongcouldn'twaittogetinthewater.Theten-year-oldwasonacampingtripwithhismom,Kelley,hisdad,Stacey,andhisbrothers,BenandWilly.

Around11a.m.,SammyandWillyaccompaniedtheirdadtoUpperFalls.Belowisaswimminghole,20feetdeepinsomeplaces.

Withhisfatherwatchingfromtherocksabove,Sammyjumpedin.Hewasagoodswimmer-hehadbeenontheswimteaminhishometownofCypress,Texas.Sammyplayedinthewaterforawhile,eventuallypullinghimselfoutoftheswimmingholeandontoawarmbigroundstoneandwatchingagroupofchildrenstrugglethroughtheriverbedabove.TheyweresummercampersfromAustinwho,alongwiththeircoaches,wereheadedbacktothevisitors'parkinglotafteramorninghike.AsthekidspassedFatherandWilly,atinyfive-year-oldgirlreacheddowntograbawaterbottleandlostherbalance.Inaninstant,shewassweptoverthefalls.

"Agirlwentoverthewaterfall!"Fathershoutedloudly.Sammycaughtaglimpse(一瞥)ofthegirl'sarmandthetopofherdarkheadastherapidspushedherintothehollow(洞)beneaththerock,hidingherfromthecrowdabove.Shewasstrugglingupanddowninthedeepwater.

Hisfather,withWillyfirmlyheldunderonearm,walkedtowardtheedgeofthewaterfalltotrytolocatethegirl,butSammywastheoneinstrikingdistance."Youhavetogetheroutofthere!"Fatheryelleddowntohim.Sammywasnervous,butwhenhesawhisdadjustlookingathim,heunderstoodwhathehadtodo.Infact,yearsintheBoyScouts(童子軍)hadtaughtSammynevertoenteradangeroussituationwithoutanexitstrategy.

注意:

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右;

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

Theten-year-oldtookafewsecondstoconsiderthesituation._______________________

Soon,someonethrewthemaswimmingboardfromthebank._______________________

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、A、C【解析】(1)細節(jié)理解題。從文章第二段The"Jian"canbeseenasanancientrefrigerator,whichcanbeusedtomakecolddrinks.("Jian"可以被視為一種古老的冰箱,可以用來制作冷飲。)可知,"Jian"與現(xiàn)在的冰箱用途一樣。故選B項。

(2)細節(jié)理解題。從文章第一段DuringtheQingDynasty,"icetickets"wereusedandtheywereavailableonlytoofficialsandtherich.(在清朝,"冰票"被使用,并且只對官員和富人開放。)可知,在古代普通人無法得到冰票。故選A項。

(3)細節(jié)理解題。由小標題Icehouseandiceticket(冰屋和冰票),Icecontainer(放冰容器),Hidingfoodinthewell(把食物藏在井里),和文章最后一段DuringtheQingDynasty,takingChineseherbalmedicinewaspopularinBeijing.Inhotsummer,somepeoplepreferredtodrinkicewater,someboiledperillaleaves,andliquoriceassummersouptokeepofftheheat.Ancientpeoplealsolovedtomakelotusseedsoupinsummerforthebenefitofstrengtheningthebody.(在清朝,服用中草藥在北京很流行。在炎熱的夏天,一些人喜歡喝冰水,一些煮熟的紫蘇葉和甘草作為夏天的湯來保暖。古人也喜歡在夏天做蓮子湯,以強身健體。)以及結合上面內容可知,本文主要講述了古人是如何避暑的,A、B和D選項只是其中一種或兩種方略的目的,不能以偏概全。故選C項。

本文是一篇應用文。文章簡要介紹了古代人在炎炎夏日的避暑方略。

閱讀理解要注意結合題目去文章中找答題依據(jù),不可以憑空猜測,通過準確理解句意答對題目。

4~7.【答案】A、B、D、C【解析】1.A.細節(jié)題.根據(jù)文章第三段Theresidentsatthehigh-endseniorlivingcommunity…expectednothinglessthanafive-stardiningexperienceandmysmallmistakewasnottobetolerated可知,高級社區(qū)的居民期望的是五星級的就餐體驗,一點小錯誤也不能容忍.因此他們對服務是特別挑剔的.故正確答案為A.

2.B.細節(jié)題.根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段第一句

Somehowthoseroughnightsstartedtochangemetobecomemoreoutgoingandself-assured可知,作者現(xiàn)在變得更加外向和自信了.故正確答案為B.

3.D.推斷題.根據(jù)文章最后一段最后一句中

but

then

I

pull

back

my

shoulders,

lift

my

chin

and

march

up

to

them

ask,

"What's

it

going

to

be

today,

ladies?"

可知,這是自信的表現(xiàn).由

but

可知,前面應該與此處意思相反,故應為"我"仍會有一點退縮.draw

back

意為"退卻",符合文意.故正確答案為D.

4.C.主旨題.本文主要講述了作者在一個高級社區(qū)的咖啡廳里作服務員,這里的人十分挑剔,但是正是這些困難使作者從剛開始的害羞畏懼變得更加開朗自信.故C項"那些沒有打倒你的事物會讓你變得更強大",符合文意.故正確答案為C.

本文主要講述了作者在一個高級社區(qū)的咖啡廳里作服務員,這里的人十分挑剔,但是正是這些困難使作者從剛開始的害羞畏懼變得更加開朗自信.

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍,做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關語句進行仔細分析,結合選項選出正確答案.推理判斷題也是要在抓住關鍵句子的基礎上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測,一定要做到有理有據(jù).

8~11.【答案】C、A、D、B【解析】【文章大意】本文主要講述了社交媒體對博物館文化的影響以及對是否允許游客在博物館拍照的不同看法。

1.

根據(jù)第一段Shewasanxioustotakeapictureofanimpressivebunchofflowers...(她急于給一束令人印象深刻的花拍張照……)可知,這個女士急著要去拍照。故選C。2.

根據(jù)第三段SothedeYoungrespondedwithakindofcompromise:carvingout"photofree"hoursduringtheexhibition'ssix-dayrun.(因此,deYoung博物館以一種折衷的方式做出回應:在展覽為期六天的時間里開辟出“無拍照”時段。)可知,deYoung通過設置不拍照的時段來應對這一困境。故選A。3.

根據(jù)最后一段Onecommoncomplaintabouttheeffectofsocialmedia...ratherthansimplyobservingit,haveahardtimerememberingwhattheysee.(關于社交媒體對博物館文化影響的一個常見抱怨是,人們似乎錯過了體驗,因為他們忙于收集體驗的證據(jù)。最近發(fā)表在《心理科學》雜志上的一項研究表明,這是有道理的。它發(fā)現(xiàn),那些不斷拍攝展覽照片并將其發(fā)布在社交媒體上而不是簡單地觀察展覽的人,很難記住他們看到的東西。)可知,最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在博物館使用社交媒體可能會起到負面作用。故選D。4.

根據(jù)最后一段LindaButler...acknowledgesthatnoteveryonewantsamuseumtobe"aphoto-takingplayland"...shesays."Wewouldriskbecomingirrelevant."(deYoung的營銷和游客體驗主管LindaButler承認,并非所有人都希望博物館成為“拍照的樂園”。然而,很多人希望如此,她認為,deYoung沒有資格判斷購買28美元門票的一個理由比另一個理由更合理?!叭绻覀內サ羯缃幻襟w和攝影,”她說。“我們會冒著變得無關緊要的風險?!保┛芍琇indaButler支持的觀點是要迎合游客。故選B。

12~15.【答案】D、C、D、B【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章通過研究、檢測英國的兩塊廢棄農田被重新野生化的過程,得出結論,重新造林速度比預期要快,并且該過程有了風力和一些為數(shù)不多的物種的幫助后,能夠加速大自然的更新。

1.

根據(jù)文章第一段中的Withnospecialequipment,nofencesandnowatering,twoabandonedagriculturalfieldsintheUKhavebeenrewilded(重新野化),inlargepartduetotheeffortsofjays(在沒有特殊設備、沒有圍欄、沒有澆水的情況下,英國兩塊廢棄的農田已經重新野生化,這在很大程度上要歸功于松鴉的努力)以及后文someoftheirbadreputations(一些壞名聲)可知,松鴉本來是有著壞名聲的鳥類,但卻幫助兩塊廢棄農田重新野生化。所以是擺脫了壞名聲。故選D。

2.

根據(jù)文章第二段中的itwasimpressivetoseejusthowquicklythishappened(但令人印象深刻的是,這一切發(fā)生得如此之快。)可知,工作人員認為廢棄農田重新野生化的速度非常令人印象深刻。故選C。

3.

根據(jù)文章第三段中的Afterjust24years,theNewWildernesshadgrownintoayoung,healthywoodwith132livetreesperhectare,overhalfofwhich(57%)wereoaks.Meanwhile,theOldWildernessresembledamaturewoodlandafter39years,with390treesperhectare.(僅僅24年之后,新荒野就長成了一棵年輕、健康的樹林,每公頃有132棵活樹,其中超過一半(57%)是橡樹。與此同時,老荒野在39年后變成了一個成熟的林地,每公頃有390棵樹。)可知,作者進行了數(shù)據(jù)的對比,表示僅僅24年,新荒野就變成了樹林,而39年后,老荒野就成了成熟的林地。由此可知,作者展示大量數(shù)據(jù)是為了告訴我們廢田地重新野生化能有多快。故選D。

4.

根據(jù)文章最后一段Partofthisreforestationwasdonebythewind(部分重新造林是由風完成的);However,animals—Eurasianjays,thrushes,woodmice,andsquirrels—alsoplayedanimportantroleinhelpingtheforeststakeshape.(然而,歐亞松鴉、鶇鳥、木鼠和松鼠等動物也在幫助森林形成中發(fā)揮了重要作用。)以及Jays,inparticular,seemtohavedonealotofheavylifting.(尤其是松鴉,它們似乎做了很多繁重的工作。)可知,風力、松鴉、木鼠等動物在重新造林中發(fā)揮了重要的作用。由此可知,作者最后一段是在列舉幫助重新造林的各項因素。故選B。

16~20.【答案】G、F、B、A、E【解析】(1)G.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文Whentheyareyoung,letthemwatchyoucook,washclothesorwalkthedog,orletthemhelpmakeabed.(當他們年輕時,讓他們看你做飯、洗衣服或遛狗,或者讓他們幫忙鋪床。)可知,上文舉例介紹了讓孩子盡可能多地看你做家務,讓他們接觸到家務,G項意為"總的來說,確保他們在你希望他們在以后的生活中幫助你做的任何事情的周圍。"選項是對上文的總結,當孩子小的時候,讓他們看你做飯、洗衣服或遛狗,總的來說,你想在未來的生活中讓孩子幫助你做什么,就讓孩子看你做什么。故選G。

(2)F.語境銜接題。根據(jù)上文Especiallyduringtheearlyyears,givechildrentheopportunitytowanderoverandwatchwhat'sgoingonwiththeadults.(特別是在早期,給孩子們一個機會去你周圍閑逛,看看大人在干什么。)可知,上文再次強調讓孩子多觀察大人在干什么,F(xiàn)項意為"你會驚訝于孩子們僅僅通過觀察你所做的事情就能學到多少東西"能夠承接上文,讓孩子多觀察大人在干什么,你會驚訝于孩子們僅僅通過觀察就會學到很多東西。故選F。

(3)B.標題歸納題。根據(jù)下文Abigmotivatingforceforyoungchildrenisbeingaroundtheirfamily,workingonacommongoal.(幼兒的一大動力是與家人在一起,為共同的目標而努力。)可知,本段內容告訴我們幼兒喜歡和家人一起做一件事,為共同的目標而努力,B項意為"始終以合作為目標。"選項能夠概括段落主旨,本段內容主要講述的是要想讓孩子做家務,就要始終以合作為目標,因為幼兒喜歡和家人一起做一件事,為共同的目標而努力。故選B。

(4)A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Sometimespeoplethinkthattogetchildrentodohousework,theparentsmustbedoingareallygoodjobofcontrollingthekids.(有時人們認為,要讓孩子做家務,父母必須在控制孩子方面做得很好。)可知,上文的觀點認為要讓孩子做家務,父母需要控制孩子;根據(jù)下文"Theaimisnottocontrolthekids,butrathertodevelopthechildren'sowninitiative(主動性).(目的不是控制孩子,而是培養(yǎng)孩子的主動性。)"可知,下文觀點認為要讓孩子做家務,不是要控制孩子,而是培養(yǎng)孩子的主動性,A項意為"事實上,情況恰恰相反。"選項能夠承接上文并引起下文,否定了上文的觀點,引出了下文的觀點。故選A。

(5)E.段落主旨題。根據(jù)下文Askingalittlekid"Couldyouhelpmewiththis?"oftengetsthemonboardmoreoftenthansimplysaying"Youmustdothis".(問一個小孩"你能幫我一下嗎?"經常能讓他們參與進來,而不僅僅是簡單地說"你必須這樣做"。)可知,上文告訴我們要讓一個小孩幫你做家務,不要用命令的口吻,E項意為"就像成年人一樣,孩子們不喜歡被人指手畫腳。"選項能夠承接上文,讓一個小孩幫你做家務,不要說"你必須這樣做",因為就像成年人一樣,孩子們不喜歡被人指手畫腳。故選E。

本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了如何讓你的孩子自然地幫助你做家務。

考查選句填空。做題時要先把選項大體上翻譯一下,然后通讀全文,把握大意,結合前后語句及選項做出正確的選擇。

21~35.【答案】C、A、D、B、C、B、B、D、A、A、C、D、B、D、A【解析】-

1.

A.requirement要求;B.picture圖片;C.advertisement廣告;D.accident事故。根據(jù)下文"inthead"可知,作者看到了一則廣告。故答案為C。

2.

A.Actually事實上;B.Ultimately最后;C.Consequently結果;D.Subsequently隨后。根據(jù)下文"itwasthepictureofapenguinintheadthatcaughtmyattention"和上文的"wasinterested"可知,作者想強調事實上(actually),是企鵝的圖片讓他感興趣。故答案為A。

3.

A.believed相信;B.ordered訂購;C.promised允諾;D.noted指出。句意:它指出正在尋找一個人來負責探險隊。noted指出,特別提到。此處指廣告里特別提到的內容。故答案為D。

4.

A.experiment實驗;B.interview采訪;C.election選舉;D.investigation調查。根據(jù)上文"someoneinchargeofanexpeditionteam"可知,這是一則招聘廣告,作者參與了面試(interview)。故答案為B。

5.

A.decline拒絕;B.delay耽擱;C.regret后悔;D.accept接受。根據(jù)前文and

then

got

a

job

that

I

knew

had

I

not

gone

for

it

I

would

可知,這句話是虛擬語氣的倒裝用法,意思是我得到了一份如果我不去就會后悔(regret)地工作。故答案為C。

6.

A.Seeking尋求;B.Leading領導;C.Knowing知道;D.Training訓練。根據(jù)上文的"apositionasaleader"和"someoneinchargeofanexpeditionteam"可知,作者是引領(lead)18個不熟悉的人日以繼夜的工作一整年。故答案為B。

7.

A.suffer遭受;B.escape逃跑;C.concern關心;D.favor贊成,偏愛。根據(jù)上文"Myjourneytoisolation(與世隔絕)inAntarctica"和"afullyear"可知,作者一年之內無法逃離(escape)寒冷和強風。故答案為B。

8.

A.ambition野心;B.adaptation適應;C.recognition認出;D.reflection反映,思考。句意:與世隔絕意味著我要做大量的自我反省。根據(jù)下一句"EverydayIwouldthinkcarefullyofhowIhadoperatedasaleader",可見是作者的自我反思。故答案為D。

9.

A.evaluating評估;B.blocking阻礙;C.behaving表現(xiàn);D.enjoying喜歡。句意:自我評價(evaluating)的行為準則教會了我如何分辨是非。上文提到作者在探險中做大量的自我反思(selfreflection)等。故答案為A。

10.

A.louder更大聲的;B.gone消失的;C.quieter更安靜的;D.normal正常的。句意:從南極回來之后,外界的噪音似乎更大了。這是因為南極太安靜,回來之后的不適應使得作者覺得外面的噪音很大。根據(jù)下文"mytolerancetonoise"可知,強烈的反差使得噪音顯得更大了。故答案為A。

11.

A.prefer更喜歡;B.sustain維持;C.adjust適應;D.tailor定做。根據(jù)前文I

limited

the

time

I

spent

outside

and

gradually可知,作者逐漸適應(adjust)了噪音。故答案為C。

12.

A.putoff推遲;B.turnedup出現(xiàn);C.tookoff起飛;D.builtup建造。根據(jù)上文It

took

me

about

180

days

to(11)to

the

noisy

life可知,作者花了180天的時間逐漸適應了現(xiàn)在生活中的噪音,增強了對噪音的忍耐力。故答案為D。

13.

A.track軌跡;B.pace步伐;C.quantity數(shù)量;D.mode模式。根據(jù)下文"justlikeeveryone'slifeinlockdown(禁閉期)duetotheCOVID-19"這個類比可知,南極的生活節(jié)奏(pace)非常慢。故答案為B。

14.

A.running奔跑;B.driving開車;C.wandering徘徊;D.speeding加速。從生活節(jié)奏很慢的南極回來開車出門,作者開車時正常的速度都以為自己超速(speeding)了。故答案為D。

15.

A.penguin企鵝;B.leader領導人;C.teammate隊友;D.advertiser廣告商。根據(jù)第一段中"itwasthepictureofapenguinintheadthatcaughtmyattention"可知,此處是penguin的詞匯復現(xiàn)。故答案為A。

36.【答案】【小題1】havebeenput【小題2】promoting【小題3】and【小題4】which【小題5】highly【小題6】unbelievable【小題7】with【小題8】paintings【小題9】toencourage【小題10】an【解析】(1)考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:近年來眾多中國文化藝術珍品在世界各地展出,在世界舞臺上展示了精彩的中華文明,促進了文化交流。這里為本句謂語動詞,根據(jù)本句時間狀語"overthepastyears"可推斷,本句用現(xiàn)在完成時;主語為"NumerousChineseculturalandarttreasures",復數(shù)形式,和動詞put之間存在被動關系,所以用被動語態(tài)。故填havebeenput。

(2)考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意:近年來眾多中國文化藝術珍品在世界各地展出,在世界舞臺上展示了精彩的中華文明,促進了文化交流。分析句子可知此處為非謂語動詞擔當狀語,和主句之間存在主動關系,為結果狀語,用動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填promoting。

(3)考查連詞。句意:兩年前,新西蘭國家博物館舉辦了為期四個月的展覽,展出了兵馬俑和160多件由黃金、玉石和青銅制成的古董。根據(jù)空前的"both"可知,空處為"and",構成短語:both…and…,意為"

兩個都"。故填and。

(4)考查非限制性定語從句。句意:展覽為參觀者提供了一些悠久的中國文明的知識,每個兵馬俑的個性和建造軍隊所需的令人難以置信的創(chuàng)造力受到高度贊賞。分析句子可知此處先行詞為"theexhibition",在非限制性定語從句中擔當主語,所以用關系代詞which引導。故填which。

(5)考查副詞。句意:展覽為參觀者提供了一些悠久的中國文明的知識,每個兵馬俑的個性和建造軍隊所需的令人難以置信的創(chuàng)造力受到高度贊賞。修飾動詞appreciate,用副詞highly,意為"高度地"。故填highly。

(6)考查形容詞。句意:展覽為參觀者提供了一些悠久的中國文明的知識,每個兵馬俑的個性和建造軍隊所需的令人難以置信的創(chuàng)造力受到高度贊賞。修飾creativity,用形容詞;根據(jù)句意可知,"unbelievable"意為"令人難以置信的"。故填unbelievable。

(7)考查介詞。句意:去年,華盛頓特區(qū)和莫斯科的博物館也展出了展示皇帝生活的珍寶,其中有100多件展品,包括來自北京故宮博物院的寫實繪畫、家具和珠寶。展覽也取得了巨大的成功。分析句子可知此處考查with復合結構,"with+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞"。故填with。

(8)考查可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)。句意:去年,華盛頓特區(qū)和莫斯科的博物館也展出了展示皇帝生活的珍寶,其中有100多件展品,包括來自北京故宮博物院的寫實繪畫、家具和珠寶。展覽也取得了巨大的成功。根據(jù)上文的"over100pieces"可知,不止一幅繪畫作品,所以用名詞的復數(shù)。故填paintings。

(9)考查動詞不定式。句意:中外博物館一直在開展交流以促進文明對話和增進人們對文化的理解和參與。分析句子可知此處為目的狀語,所以用動詞不定式形式。故填toencourage。

(10)考查冠詞。句意:拉近世界的距離是博物館的一項重要工作。泛指一個,用不定冠詞,important發(fā)音是以元音音素開頭的,所以用不定冠詞an。故填an。

本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了近年來中外博物館開展交流,促進文明對話,增進人們對文化的理解和參與。

做本題的關鍵是在理解短文的基礎上,靈活運用所學的基礎知識。本類型的題目??嫉降闹R點有:固定的短語,詞類的轉換,名詞的復數(shù)形式,副詞以及祈使句的用法等。因此,這就需要在平時的學習中,牢固掌握各語言點及一些

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