2020年新高考卷Ⅰ英語山東高考真題

2020年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試

英語注意事項：.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。APOETRYCHALLENGEWriteapoemabouthowcourage,determination,andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.PrizesGrandPrizes：TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner,schoice.Tripincludesround-tripairtickets,hotelstayfortwonights,andtoursoftheNationalAirandSpaceMuseumandtheofficeofNationalGeographicWorld.FirstPrizes：ThebookSkyPioneer：APhotobiographyofAmeliaEarhartsignedbyauthorCorinneSzaboandpilotLindaFinch.HonorableMentions：Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart,sfinalflight.RulesFollowallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.Yourpoemcanbeanyformat,anynumberoflines.Writebyhandortypeonasinglesheetofpaper.Youmayuseboththefrontandbackofthepaper.Onthesamesheetofpaper,writeortypeyourname,address,telephonenumber,andbirthdate.■MailyourentrytousbyOctober31thisyear.Howmanypeoplecaneachgrandprizewinnertakeonthefreetrip?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Six.Whatwilleachofthehonorablementionwinnersget?A.Aplaneticket. B. AbookbyCorinneSzabo.C.AspecialT-shirt. D. AphotoofAmeliaEarhart.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?A.Typingyourpoemout. B. Writingapoemof120words.C.Usingbothsidesofthepaper. D. MailingyourentryonOctober30.BJeniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninganursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireandbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor,sdegree.Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobawayfromthefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition（學(xué)費），becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph,sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.Jenniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree:Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed（犧牲）toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.“Somenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,”shesays.However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily—andthat’sprettypowerful.WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschool?Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork.Sheranthefamilyfarmonherown.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome.WhydidJenniferchoosetheprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfield?A.Totakecareofherkidseasily. B.Tolearnfromthebestnurses.C.Tosavemoneyforherparents. D.Tofindawell-paidjobthere.WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal?A.Herhealth. B.Hertimewithfamily.C.Herreputation. D.Herchanceofpromotion.WhatcanwelearnfromJenifer,sstory?A.Timeismoney.B.Lovebreaksdownbarriers.C.Hardworkpaysoff. D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.CInthemid-1990s,TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths,physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.Hisvisit,however,endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea:LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan,wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland,andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway:Rustam,histranslator,alovely24-year-oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia,OlegandNatasha,hishostsinTashkent,andastringofforeignaidworkers.ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral（葬禮）followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.

MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences,makinghistaleawell-roundedpictureofUzbekistan,seenfromWesterneyes.HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican,aswellashisdelicatestomach.Astheauthorexplains,thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook,orevenapieceofreportage.Whateveritis,theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.WhatmadeMrBissellreturntoUzbekistan?A.Hisfriends,invitation.B.Hisinterestinthecountry.A.Hisfriends,invitation.B.Hisinterestinthecountry.C.Hisloveforteaching.D.Hisdesiretoregainhealth.C.Hisloveforteaching.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?Developingaseriousmentaldisease.TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMrBissell,sroadtripinUzbekistan?A.Romantic.B.Eventful.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Romantic.B.Eventful.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?Tointroduceabook.C.Torememberawriter.C.Pleasant. D.Dangerous.Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.D.Torecommendatraveldestination.DAccordingtoarecentstudyinAccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions（份），it,sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.Inthefirst,95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly （表面上）participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack.Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfoodfirst.Inhernaturalstate,theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.However,theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwasthin.Forthesecondtest,inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls.Intheothercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest:theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe,remakingdecisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe“I,llhavewhatshe'shaving”effect.However,we,lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,I,llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,I,llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycan'tI?Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout?A.Foodsafety.B.Movieviewership.C.Consumerdemand. D.Eatingbehavior.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"beanpoles"inparagraph1referto?A.Bigeaters.B.Overweightpersons.C.Pickyeaters.D.Tallthinpersons.Whydidtheresearchershiretheactor?Toseehowshewouldaffecttheparticipants.Totestiftheparticipantscouldrecognizeher.Tofindoutwhatshewoulddointhetwotests.Tostudywhyshecouldkeepherweightdown.Onwhatbasisdowe"adjusttheinfluence"accordingtothelastparagraph?A.Howhungryweare. B.Howslimwewanttobe.C.Howweperceiveothers. D.Howwefeelaboutthefood.第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking.16Doyouwanttobeagoodpublicspeaker?Herearesomeprinciplesyoumustmaster.Peoplewanttolistentosomeonewhoisinteresting,relaxedandcomfortable.Toooften,whenyoustanduptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe“public”attheexpenseofthe“speaking.”17Focusonthespeaking.Talkdirectlytoyouraudience,beyourselfandmakeaconnection.Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes.Yet,theonlyonewhocaresaboutanymistakeistheonewhoisspeaking.People,sattentionwandersconstantly.Infact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker,smessage.So,don,tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit,satrulyseriousone.18Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.19Andlikeeverythingelseinlife,thattakespractice.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.20It,sraretohearsomeonesay,“Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger.”O(jiān)ntheotherhand,youprobablycan'tcountthetimesthatyou'vethought,“I5mgladthattalkisover.Itseemedtogoonforever!”Sosurpriseyouraudience.Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.Ifsbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend.Dotheopposite.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.Youdon,tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.Theobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudience.Takethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlisteners.GHowever,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia.Thevillagelaynearsomewetlandswhichbecamehissecond21.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof22 therefromaveryyoungage.Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething23happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe24itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.25,thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.He26thatitwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromthe27.Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek28duringthedaytime.Heturnedtothe29departmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.However,Molaiwentlookingonhisownand30anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.31youngplantsinthedryseasonwas32foraloneboy.Molaibuiltatthe33ofeachsapling（幼樹）abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto34rainwater.Thewaterwouldthendrip（滴落）ontheplantsbelow.Molai35toplanttreesforthenext37years,Hiseffortshaveresultedin1,360acresofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.21.A.dreamB.jobC.homeD.choice22.A.natureB.youthC.cultureD.knowledge23.A.preciousB.interestingC.disturbingD.awkward24.A.wasteB.tensionC.painD.damage25.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Otherwise26.A.agreedB.realizedC.rememberedD.predicted27.A.noiseB.heatC.diseaseD.dust28.A.directionsB.partnersC.helpD.shelter29.A.laborB.policeC.forestD.finance30.A.rebuiltB.discoveredC.leftD.managed31.A.DecoratingB.ObservingC.WateringD.Guarding32.A.toughB.illegalC.fantasticD.beneficial33.A.backB.topC.footD.side34.A.cooldownB.keepoffC.purifyD.collect35.A.returnedB.learnedC.failedD.continued第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Manypeoplehavethehobbyofcollectingthings,e.g.stamps,postcardsorantiques.Inthe18thand19thcenturies,36 （wealth）peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig37untiltheydied,andthenitwasgiventoamuseum.The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,38（form）thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum39openedin1759.Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic40（call）galleriesorrooms.Often,onlyasmallpartofamuseum,scollection41 (be)ondisplay.Mostofitisstoredawayorusedforresearch.Manymuseumsarelivelyplacesandtheyattractalotofvisitors.Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模擬)andimagine42 (they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor43 (walk)througharainforest.AttheJorvikCentreinYork,thecity,sVikingsettlementisrecreated,andpeopleexperiencethesights,soundsandsmellsoftheoldtown.Historical44 (accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.Museumsmustcompete45people,ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.Mostmuseumsalsowelcomeschoolgroupsandarrangespecialactivitiesforchildren.第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假定你是李華，上周日你校舉辦了5公里越野賽跑活動。請你為校英文報寫一篇報道，內(nèi)容包括：.參加人員：.跑步路線：從校門口到南山腳下：.活動反響。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右：閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。TheMeredithfamilylivedinasmallcommunity.Astheeconomywasindecline,somepeopleinthetownhadlosttheirjobs.Manyoftheirfamilieswerestrugglingtomakeendsmeet.Peopleweretryingtohelpeachothermeetthechallenges.Mrs.Meredithwasamostkindandthoughtfulwoman.Shespentagreatdealoftimevisitingthepoor.Sheknewtheyhadproblems,andtheyneededallkindsofhelp.Whenshehadtime,shewouldbringfoodandmedicinetothem.Onemorningshetoldherchildrenaboutafamilyshehadvisitedthedaybefore.Therewasamansickinbed,hiswife,whotookcareofhimandcouldnotgoouttowork,andtheirlittleboy.Thelittleboy—hisnamewasBernard—hadinterestedherverymuch.“Iwishyoucouldseehim,”shesaidtoherownchildren,John,Harry,andClara.“Heissuchahelptohismother.Hewantsverymuchtoearnsomemoney,butIdon,tseewhathecando.”Aftertheirmotherlefttheroom,thechildrensatthinkingaboutBernard.“Iwishwecouldhelphimtoearnmoney.”saidClara.“Hisfamilyissufferingsomuch.”“SodoI,”saidHarry.“Wereallyshoulddosomethingtoassistthem.”Forsomemoments,Johnsaidnothing,but,suddenly,hesprangtohisfeetandcried,“Ihaveagreatidea!Ihaveasolutionthatwecanallhelpaccomplish（完成）.”Theotherchildrenalsojumpedupallattention.WhenJohnhadanidea,itwassuretobeagoodone.“Itellyouwhatwecando,”saidJohn.“YouknowthatbigboxofcornUncleJohnsentus?Well,wecanmakepopcorn（爆米花），andputitintopaperbags,andBernardcantakeitaroundtothehousesandsellit.”注意：.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。WhenMrs.MeredithheardofJohn,sidea,shethoughtitwasagoodone,too.Witheverythingready,Bernardstartedoutonhisnewbusiness.高考7選57選5的命題分析本題型的內(nèi)容是一篇總長度為500~600詞的文章，其中有5段空白，文章后有6~7段文字，要求考生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容從這6~7段文字中選擇出5個答案，分別放進文章中5個空白處。此題型所考文章不僅長度上長于閱讀理解A節(jié)中的文章（每篇約400~450詞），閱讀量大，而且在文字難度和做題要求上也都高于A節(jié)。A節(jié)中的文章是完整的，在通讀文章或查讀細節(jié)時，思路不會被打斷。而此題型文章中有5處空白，在閱讀過程中，如果不明白文章的主旨和段落主題、作者的寫作意圖，就很難順暢地讀下去、讀明白，自然就很難選出正確答案。而一個空填錯勢必又影響到對另外一個空的選擇。另外，此題有5個空白處，卻提供6~7個選項（根據(jù)大綱），因此有1~2個選項是多余的干擾選項，從而又加大了選出正確答案的難度。7選5的考察要點這一考查題型對閱讀理解提出了更高層次的要求，即不僅要有閱讀速度，要對所讀文章的主旨要義、具體信息要有所了解，尤其重要的是要掌握作者的寫作意圖、觀點，區(qū)分出論點和論據(jù)，并且能夠把握文章的寫作結(jié)構(gòu)和脈絡(luò)層次，只有了解了這一切，才能比較準確地確定應(yīng)該選擇哪個選項。不過，只要了解了這種新題型所考查的要點，出題位置，在閱讀文章時有意識地加強對文章寫作思路和結(jié)構(gòu)組織安排的理解，掌握英語文章常見的幾種寫作結(jié)構(gòu)，對迅速增強此類新題型的應(yīng)對能力還是非常有幫助的。3文章結(jié)構(gòu)（a）描述性結(jié)構(gòu)（主要介紹事物、問題或傾向的特點，對人物的描述如傳記，包括人身體特征、家庭背景、成長過程、個性愛好、成就貢獻等內(nèi)容進行描述，因此時間、地點往往是出題重點（b）釋義性結(jié)構(gòu)（解釋某一理論、學(xué)科、事物，主要用例子比喻類比闡述）（c）比較性結(jié)構(gòu)（把兩個人或事物功能、特點、優(yōu)缺點進行對比）（d）原因性結(jié)構(gòu)（這種結(jié)構(gòu)主要分析事物的成因，客觀的、主觀的、直接的、間接的）（e）駁斥性結(jié)構(gòu)（這種結(jié)構(gòu)主要是先介紹一種觀點，然后對其評論或駁斥，然后分析其優(yōu)點缺點、危害性、最后闡明自己的觀點）4.7選5的解題步驟1）快速閱讀全文要點詞句，包括首尾段、首尾句以及獨立成段的句子和文章中帶轉(zhuǎn)折詞的句子等，目的是掌握文章的主要內(nèi)容。但是由于文章中空缺了五處，而且有的地方空缺的是幾句話甚至是一整段，文章的整個結(jié)構(gòu)和邏輯是被打斷了的，因此在短時間內(nèi)掌握文章要點或邏輯思路是很困難的。因此這一步可能對很多考生來說會花費很多時間。如果感覺困難而且收獲不大，可直接進入第二步，即一開始就邊閱讀邊分析做題。2）邊讀邊做題，重點閱讀各個問題附近的句子，圈定線索詞，然后從選項中尋找相關(guān)的特征詞，以確定答案。做題時可以采用代入排除法。如果一題做不出或拿不準，可先放過，繼續(xù)往下讀，先做容易的能做出的題，直到讀完整篇文章。至此，文章的要點和主旨、各個段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系應(yīng)基本清楚了。3）重新閱讀相關(guān)詞句，重點做剛才沒做出的題或不確定的題，此時可將已選出的答案代入原文，利用排除法。同時檢查核對已選出的答案，看文章從內(nèi)容上是否語義連貫合理，語篇結(jié)構(gòu)上是否通順連貫、具有一致性、合乎邏輯，寫作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用語是否恰當貼切。如果所選的答案可以滿足上述標準，則表明各個問題的答案基本正確。.比較兩類關(guān)鍵詞：將7個選項的關(guān)鍵詞與5個空的前后句中的關(guān)鍵詞進行比較，匹配的是正確答案。具體方法：1.閱讀各個空的前后句，標記關(guān)鍵詞在閱讀文章的開始部分、明確文章的基本話題以后，要閱讀五個空自的前后句，并將前后句中的解題線索，即關(guān)鍵詞標記下來。關(guān)鍵詞包括句中的核心名詞或名詞詞組（如帶有形容詞的名詞詞組），專有名詞、時間數(shù)字、代詞、連詞等。.閱讀各個選項，尤其是選項的首句，標記關(guān)鍵詞.比較并匹配上述兩類關(guān)鍵詞，確定答案.將確定的答案代入原文，看讀起來是否通順。例文：51Youdon,tshowyoursecretpersonalitywhenyouareawakebecauseyoucancontrolyourbehavior,butwhenyouareasleep,yoursleepingpositionshowstherealyou.52.Theimportantpositionistheonethatyougotosleepin.Ifyougotosleeponyourback,you,reaveryopenperson.Younormallytrustpeopleandyouareeasilyinfluencedbyfashionornewideas.Youdon,tliketodispleasepe