完全倒裝地四種主要類(lèi)型

外語(yǔ)下載中心完全倒裝的四種主要類(lèi)型1.here和there位于句首時(shí)的倒裝表示地點(diǎn)的here和there位于句首時(shí)，其后用完全倒裝形式。這類(lèi)倒裝句的謂語(yǔ)通常是動(dòng)詞be和come,go等表示移動(dòng)或動(dòng)態(tài)的不及物動(dòng)詞：Here’sTom.湯姆在這里。There’sJim.吉姆在那兒。Herecomesthebus.公共汽車(chē)來(lái)了。Theregoesthebell.鈴響了。Theregoesthelasttrain.最后一班火車(chē)開(kāi)走了。【注意】(1)以上倒裝句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞come和go不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，即不能說(shuō)Hereiscomingthebus。(2)若主語(yǔ)為代詞，則不倒裝：HereIam.我在這兒。/我來(lái)了。Hereitcomes.它來(lái)了。(3)其中的動(dòng)詞有時(shí)也可能是stand,lie,live等表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞(表示存在)：Therestoodadeskagainstthewall.靠墻放著一張書(shū)桌。OnceuponatimetherelivedamanknownbythenameofBeef.從前有個(gè)人名叫比夫。2.away和down等位于句首時(shí)的倒裝地點(diǎn)副詞away,down,in,off,out,over,round,up等位于句首時(shí)，其后用完全倒裝語(yǔ)序。這類(lèi)倒裝句的謂語(yǔ)通常表示動(dòng)態(tài)的不及物動(dòng)詞：Awaywenttherunners.賽跑選手們跑遠(yuǎn)了。Roundandroundflewtheplane.飛機(jī)盤(pán)旋著。ThedooropenedandincameMrSmith.門(mén)開(kāi)了，史密斯先生進(jìn)了來(lái)。Downcametherainandupwenttheumbrellas.下雨了，傘都撐起來(lái)了?！咀⒁狻咳糁髡Z(yǔ)為人稱(chēng)代詞，則不能用倒裝：Awayhewent.他跑遠(yuǎn)了。Downitcame.它掉了下來(lái)。3.狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)的倒裝為了保持句子平衡或使上下文銜接緊密，有時(shí)可將狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)置于句首，句中主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)完全倒裝：AmongthesepeoplewashisfriendJim.他的朋友吉姆就在這些人當(dāng)中。Bythewindowsatayoungmanwithamagazineinhishand.窗戶(hù)邊坐著一個(gè)年輕人，手里拿著一本雜志。【注意】在表語(yǔ)置于句首的這類(lèi)倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中，要注意其中的謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與其后的主語(yǔ)保持一致，而不是與位于句首的表語(yǔ)保持一致。比較：Intheboxwasacat.箱子里是一只貓。Intheboxweresomecats.箱子里是一些貓。4.分詞和不定式置于句首的倒裝有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，可將謂語(yǔ)部分的現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞或不定式置于句首，從而構(gòu)成倒裝：Buriedinthesandswasanancientvillage.一個(gè)古老的村莊被埋在這沙土之中。Standingbesidethetablewashiswife.站在桌旁的是他的妻子。Tobecarefullyconsideredarethefollowingquestions.下列問(wèn)題要仔細(xì)考慮。涉及倒裝的13個(gè)高考英語(yǔ)高頻考點(diǎn)1.考查never置于句首時(shí)的倒裝當(dāng)否定副詞never置于句首時(shí)，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語(yǔ)序（與一般疑問(wèn)句形式相同）。如：（答案分別為BA）(1)Neverinmywildestdreams_________thesepeoplearelivinginsuchpoorconditions.(安徽卷)A.Icouldimagine B.couldIimagine C.Icouldn’timagine D.couldn’tIimagine(2)Neverbefore_________ingreaterneedofmodernpublictransportthanitistoday.(上海卷)A.hasthiscitybeen B.thiscityhasbeenC.wasthiscity D.thiscitywas2.考查little置于句首時(shí)的倒裝當(dāng)否定副詞little置于句首時(shí)，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語(yǔ)序（與一般疑問(wèn)句形式相同）。如：（答案分別為DD）(1)Little_________thatwewerewatchinghiseverymove,soheseemedtobegoinghisownwayinthisbusiness.(安徽卷)A.herealized B.hedidn’trealizeC.didn’therealize D.didherealize(2)TheyhaveagoodknowledgeofEnglishbutlittle_________theyknowaboutGerman(天津卷)A.have B.did C.had D.do3.考查seldom置于句首時(shí)的倒裝當(dāng)否定副詞seldom置于句首時(shí)，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語(yǔ)序（與一般疑問(wèn)句形式相同）。如：（答案分別為BA）(1)Seldom_________anyapologywhenmistakesaremade.A.wereceive B.dowereceive C.wereceived D.didwereceive(2)Seldom_________anarticlethatwassofulloflies.A.haveIread B.Ihaveread C.hadIread D.Ihadread4.考查hardly/scarcely置于句首時(shí)的倒裝當(dāng)否定副詞hardly,scarcely等置于句首時(shí)，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語(yǔ)序（與一般疑問(wèn)句形式相同）。如：（答案為A）Hardly_________EdinburghthantheywereorderedtoreturntoLondon.A.hadtheyreached B.theyhadreached C.havethereached D.theyhavereached5.考查nosooner等置于句首時(shí)的倒裝當(dāng)nosooner,nolonger等結(jié)構(gòu)置于句首時(shí)，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語(yǔ)序（與一般疑問(wèn)句形式相同）。如：（答案分別為AC）(1)—DidLindaseethetrafficaccident?—No,nosooner_________thanithappened.(天津卷)A.hadshegone

B.shehadgoneC.hasshegone D.shehasgone(2)Nosooner_________mowingthelawnthanitstartedraining.A.haveIstarted B.Ihavestarted C.hadIstarted D.Ihadstarted6.考查nowhere置于句首時(shí)的倒裝當(dāng)否定副詞nowhere置于句首時(shí)，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語(yǔ)序（與一般疑問(wèn)句形式相同）。如：（答案為A）Maybeyouhavebeentomanycountries,butnowhereelse_________suchabeautifulplace.(遼寧卷)A.canyoufind B.youcouldfindC.youcanfind

D.couldyoufind7.考查bynomeans等置于句首時(shí)的倒裝當(dāng)表示否定意義的副詞性短語(yǔ)bynomearns,onnoaccounts,innocase,atnotime等置于句首時(shí)，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語(yǔ)序（與一般疑問(wèn)句形式相同）。如：（答案為D）I’vetriedveryhardtoimprovemyEnglish.Butbynomeans_________withmyprogress.(重慶卷)A.theteacherisnotsatisfied B.istheteachernotsatisfiedC.theteacherissatisfied

D.istheteachersatisfied8.考查notonly置于句首時(shí)的倒裝當(dāng)notonly…butalso句式的notonly部分置于句首時(shí)，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語(yǔ)序（與一般疑問(wèn)句形式相同）。如：（答案為B）_________snacksanddrinksbuttheyalsobroughtcardsforentertainmentwhentheyhadapicnicintheforest.(上海)A.Notonlytheybrought B.NotonlydidtheybringC.Notonlybroughtthey D.Notonlytheydidbring9.考查notuntil置于句首時(shí)的倒裝當(dāng)not…until句式轉(zhuǎn)換成notuntil且置于句首時(shí)，其后的主句部分習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語(yǔ)序（與一般疑問(wèn)句形式相同）。如：（答案為B）NotuntilIbegantowork_________howmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didn'tIrealize B.didIrealizeC.Ididn'trealize

D.Irealized10.考查“only+狀語(yǔ)”置于句首時(shí)的倒裝當(dāng)“only+狀語(yǔ)”置于句首時(shí)，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語(yǔ)序（與一般疑問(wèn)句形式相同）。如：（答案為DA）(1)Onlythen_________howmuchdamagehadbeencaused.(陜西卷)A.sherealized B.shehadrealizedC.hadsherealized D.didsherealize(2)_________bykeepingdowncostswillPowerDataholditsadvantageoverothercompanies.(浙江卷)A.Only B.Just C.Still D.Yet11.考查“so+形容詞”置于句首時(shí)的倒裝當(dāng)so…that句式的“so+形容詞”部分置于句首時(shí)，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語(yǔ)序（與一般疑問(wèn)句形式相同）。如：（答案為BB）(1)_________thatMaricwasabletosetupnewbrancheselsewhere.(陜西卷)A.Sosuccessfulherbusinesswas B.SosuccessfulwasherbusinessC.Soherbusinesswassuccessful D.Sowashersuccessfulbusiness(2)Sodifficult_________ittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskTomforadvice.(廣東卷)A.Ididfind B.didIfind C.Ihavefound D.haveIfound12.考查類(lèi)似“sodoI”結(jié)構(gòu)的倒裝SodoI這類(lèi)結(jié)構(gòu)表示的是前面提出的某一肯定的情況，后者也同樣適用，通?？勺g為“……也一樣”“……也是如此”。如：（答案為CA）(1)—Myroomgetsverycoldatnight.—_________.(江蘇卷)A.Soismine B.Somineis C.Sodoesmine D.Sominedoes(2)—It’sburninghottoday,isn’tit?—Yes._________yesterday.(福建卷)A.Sowasit B.Soitwas C.Soitis D.Soisit13.考查類(lèi)似“nor/neitherdoI”結(jié)構(gòu)的倒裝nor[neither]doI這類(lèi)結(jié)構(gòu)表示的是前面提出的某一否定的情況，后者也同樣適用，通?？勺g為“……也一樣”“……也是如此”。如：（答案為B）IfJoe’swifewon’tgototheparty,_________.(全國(guó)II)A.hewilleither B.neitherwillheC.heneitherwill D.eitherhewill【倒裝專(zhuān)練】1.So_________thateventhepeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.A.loudlyhespoke B.hespokeloudlyC.loudlydidhespeak D.loudlyspokedidhe2.Onlywhenonelosesfreedom_________itsvalue.A.doesoneknow B.onedoesknowC.doesknowone

D.knowonedoes3.Heneverwenttoseeheragain,_________toapologize.A.nordidhewrite B.norhedidwriteC.hedidwrite D.norhewrote4._________tosleepthanthetelephonerangonceagain.A.Nosoonerhadhegone B.NosoonerdidhegoC.Henosoonerwent D.Hehadgonenosooner5.Nosooner_________downthanthephonerang.A.hadIsat B.IhadsatC.haveIsat

D.Ihavesat6.Nosooner_________thanhewasaskedtoleaveagain.A.hashearrived B.hehasarrived C.hadhearrived D.hehadarrived7.Little_________,butwe’reflyingtoGenevanextweekendtocelebratehisbirthday.A.doesheknow B.heknowsC.knowshim D.didheknow8.Neverinmywildestdreams_________towinfirstplacelasttime.A.Iexpected B.didIexpect C.Ihaveexpected D.haveIexpected9.Neverbefore_________somanypeopleherearestillstarving.A.hadIknown B.Ihadknown C.haveIknown D.Ihaveknown10.Little_________abouthisownsafety,thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.A.doeshecare B.didhecareC.hecares D.hecared11.Onlyaftermyfriendcame_________.(from)A.didthecomputerrepaired B.berepairedthecomputerC.wasthecomputerrepaired D.thecomputerwasrepaired12._________aboutwildplantsthattheydecidedtomakeatriptoMadagascarforfurtherresearch.A.Socuriousthecouplewas B.SocuriouswerethecoupleC.Howcuriousthecouplewere D.Thecouplewassuchcurious13.Onlybyshouting_________tomakehimselfheard.A.hewasable B.washeable C.hedidable D.didheable14.Onlywhenwelanded_________howbadlytheplanehadbeendamaged.A.werealized B.didwerealizeC.hadwerealized D.wehadrealized15._________wastheattackthatwehadnotimetoescape.A.Sosudden B.Toosudden C.Sosuddenly D.Toosuddenly16.Notonly_________apayincrease,theywantreducedhoursaswell.A.dothenurseswant B.thenurseswantC.didthenurseswant D.thenurseswanted17.Notonly_________toher,Ievengotherautograph!A.Ispoke B.didIspeak C.Ihavespoken D.haveIspoken18.Theservicewasterribleand_________thefood.A.sothat B.soasC.sowas D.soasto【參考答案】1—5CAAAA6—10CABCB11—15CBBBA16—18ABC部分倒裝用法歸納

部分倒裝，即將主語(yǔ)與助動(dòng)詞倒置，其結(jié)構(gòu)與一般疑問(wèn)句大致相同。英語(yǔ)中構(gòu)成部分倒裝的主要情形有：1.含否定意義的詞(如never,hardly,seldom,little,few,notuntil,not,notonly,nosooner,nolonger,nowhere,bynomeans等)置于句首時(shí)，其后用部分倒裝。如：NeverhaveIseenreadsuchabook.我從未讀過(guò)那樣的書(shū)。Littledoweknowhislife.我們對(duì)他的生活了解得很少。Bynomeansshouldyoutellhimaboutit.你絕不要告訴他這事。2.only加狀語(yǔ)(副詞/介詞短語(yǔ)/從句)放在句首時(shí)，其后用部分倒裝。如：Onlyinthiswaycanyoudoitwell.只有這樣你才能做好。Onlywhenhereturnedhomedidherealizewhathadhappened.當(dāng)他回到家里時(shí)，才知道出了什么事。3.so/neither/nor表示前面所說(shuō)的情況也適合于后者時(shí)，用“so/neither/nor+助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”這樣的倒裝句式。如：HecansingEnglishsongsandsocanI.他會(huì)唱英語(yǔ)歌，我也會(huì)。Hedidn’tseethefilm,andneitherdidI.他沒(méi)有看這部電影，我也沒(méi)有看。Sheiseverybeautifulandsowashermotherwhenshewasyoung.