句子結(jié)構(gòu)-英語的五種基本句型

---英語的五種基本句型2021/5/91為什么要學(xué)習(xí)英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)？

—學(xué)好句子結(jié)構(gòu)是學(xué)好英語的前提幫助我們學(xué)好其他英語語法知識(shí)。幫助我們寫出正確的英語句子，形成并提高英語書面表達(dá)的能力。幫助我們正確使用英語單詞，提高單詞拼寫及選詞填空等用詞能力。有助于我們提高閱讀能力和其他英語應(yīng)用能力。2021/5/92英語的五種基本句型1、主語———系動(dòng)詞———表語2、主語———謂語3、主語———謂語———賓語4、主語———謂語———賓語———賓語5、主語———謂語———賓語———補(bǔ)語■定語和狀語是句子中的修飾成份，不列

入基本句型中2021/5/931、主語———系動(dòng)詞———表語

egMr.Brown

is

anEnglishteacher.︳︳︳

主語系動(dòng)詞表語︳1).be動(dòng)詞

解釋說明主語的性2).感官動(dòng)詞：質(zhì)或特征等

look,sound,feel,taste,smell等3).表”變化”的詞：become,get,turn等，還有seem,keep,stay等。2021/5/941).Hisparents

are

inthekitchennow.2).You

looked

happyyesterday.3).Thissong

doesn’tsound

beautiful.4).Didyourfather

get

angry?主語系動(dòng)詞表語主語系動(dòng)詞表語表語主語系動(dòng)詞主語系動(dòng)詞表語2021/5/95找出下列句子中的表語：Theoldman

was

feelingverytired.

A

B

C

D②Whyishe

worried?

A

B

③

Theleaves

have

turned

yellow.

A

B

C

D④

Theyallbecame

interested

inthesubject.

A

B

C

D

⑤Shewas

thefirst

tolearn

aboutit.

A BCD2021/5/962、主語—謂語egYourfather

isstandingthere.

主語謂語1）Histeacher

cameinwithabookinhishand.

Thebus

startedandarrivedthereateighto’clock.2021/5/97Flowerscomeoutinspring.Theplanehasalreadyleft.5)Isthebabydogsleeping?2021/5/983、主語———謂語———賓語egI

know

thesepeople.

主語謂語賓語

①

Mybrother

didn’tdo

hishomework.

主語謂語賓語

②

Peopleallovertheworld

speak

English.

主語謂語賓語

③Howmanynewwords

did

you

learnlastclass?賓語主語謂語

.

2021/5/99④They

don'tknow

who"FatherChristmas"is.

⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwant

togoswimming.

⑥Theoldman

said

hewasill.

⑦You

willfind

it

whenyougethome.

2021/5/9104、主語———謂語———賓語———賓語egShe

gave

me

hertelephonenumber.

主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語

或：

She

gave

hertelephonenumber

to

me.

主語謂語直接賓語間接賓語◆間接賓語放后面時(shí)要在其前加”to”或“for”。

2021/5/911◆可以跟“to+間接賓語”的動(dòng)詞有：

give,show,pass,lend,take,tell等。1）I

showed

him

thephotoyesterday.主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語

I

showed

thephoto

to

himyesterday.主語謂語直接賓語間接賓語2)Hepassedusthepapers.=

Hepassedthepaperstous.2021/5/912◆可以跟“for+間接賓語”的動(dòng)詞有：

buy,make,cook,get,sing,read等。

Myparents

bought

me

anewbag.主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語=Myparents

bought

anewbag

for

me.主語謂語直接賓語間接賓語2）She

cooked

us

abigmeal.主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語=

Shecookedabigmealforus.2021/5/9131)She

has

taught

us

English

for

3

years.主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語2)His

uncle

left

some

moneytohim.主語謂語直接賓語間接賓語3)The

father

is

showing

the

boy

how

to

plant

trees.主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語Would

you

please

tell

me

your

address?主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語5)I’llmakesomecardsforthem.2021/5/9145、主語—謂語—賓語—賓語補(bǔ)足語egThey

called

theirdaughter

Alice.主語謂語賓語賓補(bǔ)

He

found

hisnewjob

boring主語謂語賓語賓補(bǔ)

I

saw

her

chattingwithNancy.主語謂語賓語賓補(bǔ)Iwantyoutohelpmewiththehousework.

2021/5/915

在此句型中有時(shí)可以有“it”作形式賓語，把真正的賓語放到最后。此時(shí)作賓語的常是動(dòng)詞不定式“todo”,動(dòng)詞的“ing”形式或賓語從句，如：Istillfindithardtomakegoodfriendswithher.

形式賓語真正賓語Wethoughtitnousedoingthat.3)Didn'tImakeitcleartoyouthatIwasnotcoming?2021/5/916She

likes

thechildren

toreadnewspapers主語謂語賓語賓補(bǔ)

andbooksinthereading-room.②

He

asked

her

totaketheboy

outofschool.

主語謂語賓語賓補(bǔ)③

She

found

it

difficult

todothework.

主語謂語賓