高中英語-閱讀理解專題之“七選五”解題步驟與技巧教學課件設計

閱讀理解專題之“七選五”解題步驟與技巧

Learningaimandimportance:1.學習目標：提高“七選五”做題能力.

2.學習重點：考查學生對文章的整體內容和結構及上下文的理解和掌握.一考綱解讀：主要考察學生對文章的整體內容和結構以及上下文邏輯意義的理解。二命題規(guī)律及考查趨勢2016年的高考將繼續(xù)以說明文為主,議論文為輔。對細節(jié)和主題句的考察為七選五的考察重點?？键c（全是說明文）

題量分布2011課標、全國12012課標、全國12013課標、全國12014課標、全國12015課標、全國1主題句20022過渡句11111細節(jié)24422體驗高考新題型：（7分鐘）

定時完成【2015新課標全國卷?七選五】觀察一下所填的這五個空，試著說出你選這個答案的依據。

Discussing(2’)

◆Checktheanswers36.B37.E38.A39.C40.G

◆

Pleasediscussthequestionsingroups,eachgroupshoulddiscussonequestion:group1talkaboutquestion1,group2talkaboutquestion2….andsoon.◆Theneachgroupchoosearepresentative(代表)tostatewhyyouchoosethisanswer.分析新題型【2015新課標全國卷?七選五】

BuildingTrustinaRelationshipAgain

Trustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.

36.

Thatisarisk.Butyoucan’tbesuccessfulwhenthere’salackoftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.B.

Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.遞進關系因果關系近義暗示指代關系細節(jié)分析新題型【2015新課標全國卷?七選五】

Unfortunately,we’veallbeenvictimsofbetrayal.Whetherwe’vebeenstolenfrom,liedto,misled,orcheatedon,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingtrust.Sometimespeoplesimplycan’ttrustanymore.

37It’sunderstandable,butifyou’rewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetthere.E.

They’vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan’tbearto

let

ithappenagain.

因果關系因果關系細節(jié)人稱照應

38

Having

confidence

in

yourself

will

help

you

make

better

choices

because

you

can

see

what

the

best

outcome

would

be

for

your

well-being.

A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.近義暗示分析新題型【2015新課標全國卷?七選五】主題句…wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetthere.暗示常用祈使句

39

If

you’ve

been

betrayed,

you

are

the

victim

of

your

circumstance.

But

there’s

a

difference

between

being

a

victim

and

living

with

a

“victim

mentality”.

At

some

point

in

all

of

our

lives,

we’ll

have

our

trust

tested

or

violated.

近義暗示同詞復現分析新題型【2015新課標全國卷?七選五】C.

Stop

regarding

yourself

as

the

victim.

主題句A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.句式照應Youdidn’tlose“everything”.Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallthegoodinyourlife.40Instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.轉折關系分析新題型【2015新課標全國卷?七選五】G.

Seeing

the

positive

side

of

things

doesn’t

mean

you’re

ignoring

what

happened.

同詞復現同一范疇的詞/同一領域的詞過渡句Summary(總結)七選五閱讀理解題的解題技巧:◆速讀全文，關注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題◆瀏覽選項，理解全篇邏輯關系,找出關鍵詞推斷解題◆詞匯復現法(利用同義詞、近義詞、反義詞關系解題)◆利用代詞、冠詞的暗示◆利用同一范疇或領域的詞的關系

◆理清結構與邏輯關系，確定答案Group1詞匯復現法

復現是保證文章前后銜接而經常使用的一種寫作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對同一個概念進行重復描述，從而使得同樣的意思在文章中不同的地方重復出現。復現的形式主要是指主要是指同詞（同源詞）復現、同（近）義詞復現、反義詞復現等。Ex1:詞匯復現（同詞復現）（2014全國卷Ⅰ）

Truecreativityistheabilitytotakesomethingexistingandcreatesomethingnewfromit.38

thereareadozendifferentthingsyoucandowiththem.Experimentingwithmaterialstocreatesomethingnewcangoalongwayinhelpingthemdeveloptheircreativity.B.Andwecan’tforgetscienceeducation.C.Wecangivekidschancestothinkaboutmaterialsinnewways.D.Sohowcanwehelpourkidsprepareforjobsthatdon’tyetexist?

Thejobsofthefuturehavenotyetbeeninvented.__________Byhelpingthemdevelopclassicskillsthatwillservethemwellnomatterwhatthefutureholds.(2014·新課標I)D.Sohowcanwehelpourkidsprepareforjobsthatdon’tyetexist?

causeandeffect因果同詞復現/代詞線索Ex1:詞匯復現（同詞復現）（2014全國卷Ⅰ）

Truecreativityistheabilitytotakesomethingexistingandcreatesomethingnewfromit.38

thereareadozendifferentthingsyoucandowiththem.Experimentingwithmaterialstocreatesomethingnewcangoalongwayinhelpingthemdeveloptheircreativity.B.Andwecan’tforgetscienceeducation.C.Wecangivekidschancestothinkaboutmaterialsinnewways.D.Sohowcanwehelpourkidsprepareforjobsthatdon’tyetexist?Ex2:詞匯復現（反義詞復現）（2012遼寧卷）

Therearetimesinourlivessuchaswhenwehaverecentlymovedintoanewtown,orchangedourjobsorschools.Suchchangesoftenleavesuswithoutafriend71.Butformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescourage….D.Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends.Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople.Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch.Group2邏輯關系線索

法

Ex3:邏輯關系線索

（2012遼寧卷）

Itisagoodthingtostayintouch.However,trynottopressyournewfriendwithcalls,messagesorvisitsasthiswouldlikelywearhimorheroutandfinallyyoumayloseyourfriend.74.Thebestfriendshipsaretheonesthatgrownaturally.（因果關系）E.Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople.F.Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch.G.Soyouwillneedtogiveyourfriendtimetoreacttoyou.邏輯關系線索法EX3.

因果關系：

so,therefore,thus,accordingly,consequently,asaresult等；(2013全國卷Ⅰ)Ex4:Mostbusinessesseektomakeaprofit（利潤）—thatis,theyaimtoachieveincomethatismorethanthecostsofoperatingthebusiness.

71

Commonlycallednonprofits,theseorganizationsareprimarilynongovernmentalserviceproviders.C.Examplesofnonprofitbusinessincludesuchorganizationsassocialserviceagenciesandmayhospitals.D.However,somebusinessesonlyseektoearnenoughtocovertheiroperatingcosts.E.Thesecondaspectrelatestotheapplicationofthesepoliciesbydepartments.轉折與讓步關系邏輯關系線索法however,nevertheless,though,yet,inspiteof,onthecontrary,otherwise,while,ratherthan,evenif,despite,fortunately等。轉折與讓步關系:Ex5:

Mostpeoplefailtorealizethatsharkattacksdon’thappenoften.Humansaremorelikelytobekilledbylightningthanbyashark.2There,kidscanlearn,fromanearlyage,nottofearsharks.

E.Andtomakethispointclear,themuseumhassetupaspecialtouchingpoolforchildren.F.Morethanhalfofthesharkscaughtaresmallerthan1meterlong.G.Sharkscansmellandtasteblood,andtraceitbacktoitssource.并列與遞進關系邏輯關系線索法并列與遞進關系：

and,also,further,moreover,what’smore,either…or…,neither…nor…,notonly…butalso,firstly,secondly,thirdly….等;it可指代單數名詞或整個句子；they或them指代復數名詞；one指代單數可數名詞；that指代不可數名詞或句子；this指代單數名詞或句子;these或those指代前句的復數名詞。Group3代詞線索

英語表達中代詞出現的頻率極高，代詞的作用無非是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關系和根據代詞的單復數差異可以準確而快速地解題。Ex6:代詞線索

（2012全國課標卷）Trytakingthesefoursteps.thenexttimeyouarestressed:(1)Getsupport.Whenyouneedhelp,reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou.Talkto“trustedadult,suchas“parentorotherrelatives.72Theymighthavehadsimilarproblems,suchasdealingwithatest,orthedeathofabelovedpet.D.Ah,itfeelssogoodwhenthestressisgone.E.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.F.Anddon'tforgetaboutyourfriends.Ex7:TheColosseum(角斗場)inRomewasbuiltduringthetimeoftheRomanEmpire,inthefirstcenturyA.D71Itisapopulartouristattractiontoday.A.Itcouldseatabout50,000people,whowenttoseefightsbetweenanimalsandpeople.B.Thecountryusedtodependonagriculture.C.Italyhasseveralislandsoffthecoast.Group4根據空格所在位置(文章的整體內容和結構)確定不同的解題策略

空格為段落標題

（2013遼寧卷）●74Ifyouunderstandyouroffender,youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofunawareness,fear,andevenlove.Youmaywanttowritealettertoyourselffromyouroffender’spointofview.C.

Recognizethebenefitsofforgiveness.D.

Trytoseethingsfromyouoffender’sangle.E.

Forsomepeople,forgivingthemselvesisthebiggestchallenge.空格在段中

（2014全國卷Ⅰ）…..Beingabletoreadpeoplehelpskidsfrommisreadingasituationandjumpingtofalseconclusions.39“Whydoyouthinkshe’sthinking?”“canyoutellhowthatmanisfeelingbylookingathisface?”“Ifsomeoneweretodothattoyou,howwouldyoufeel?”.E.Gardeningisanothergreatactivityforhelpingkidsdevelopthisskill.

F.Wecandothisinreallifeoraskquestionsaboutcharactersinst