Lesson+38+The+World+Is+a+Big+Place 冀教版英語八年級下冊

Unit7KnowOurWorldLesson38TheWorldIsaBigPlaceListenandwritedownthewords.ReviewplanetbilliontotalincreasesurfaceIndianAtlanticArcticn.行星n.總計(jì)；總數(shù)adj.總的；總計(jì)的v.增加；增大n.表面；表層adj.印度的n.印度人n.&adj.大西洋（的）adj.北極的n.十億；千兆Words&expressionsThinkHowmanycontinentsarethereintheworld?Whatarethey?Whatdoyouknowabouttheplacewhereyoulive?Let’senjoyasongSevencontinentssongWhatdoyouknowabouttheearth?Theearthisaplanet.

Onethirdoftheplanetisland.行星三分之一Partsofthislandareverydry.Theyarecalled

deserts.

沙漠Whatdoyouknowabouttheearth?Oceanscovertwothirdsoftheearth’ssurface.landocean三分之二表面，表層AfricaAsiaEuropeAustraliaAntarcticaTherearesevencontinentsontheearth:NorthAmericaAntarcticaiscoveredwith

snowandiceallyearround.Buttherearegreenforests,freshwaterandrichlandsontheothersixcontinents.被……覆蓋全年，一整年SouthAmericaWhichcontinentisthelargestone/thesecondlargestone/thirdlargestone/...?ThePacificOceanTheIndianOceanTheArcticOceanOceanscovertwothirdsoftheearth’ssurface.Theearthhasonlyonebigocean,butweusethesenamesforitsdifferentparts:印度的；印度人大西洋（的）北極的TheAtlanticOceanTalkabouttheearthwithyourpartner.1.Howmanycontinentsarethereintheworld?Whatarethey?2.Whatarethefourmainoceansintheearth?3.Whatdoyouknowabouttheplacewhereyoulive?PairworkButnowtheearthfacesabigproblem.Intheyear2010,theworld’spopulationwasover7billion

intotal.Itisincreasingveryquickly.By2025,theworldmayhaveabout8billionpeople.Andby2050,theworld’spopulationmayreach9billion.billion十億increase增加intotal總計(jì)，總共Theincreasingpopulationcausesmanyotherproblems,whatarethey?

ThinkListentothelessonandanswerthequestions.1.Whenwastheworld’spopulationover7billionintotal?2.Whenwilltheworldhaveabout8billionpeople?3.Whenmaytheworld’spopulationreach9billion?4.Howmanycontinentsdoestheworldhave5.Howmanyoceansdoestheworldhave?

Listening

Intheyear2010.

By2025.

By2050.Therearesevencontinents.Therearefouroceans.Theearthisaveryspecialplanet,anditfacesabigproblem.Intheyear2010,theworld’spopulationwasover7billionintotal.Itisincreasingveryquickly.By2025,theworldmayhaveabout8billionpeople.Andby2050,theworld’spopulationmayreach9billion.Thereisanotherproblem.Peoplecan’tliveeverywhereontheearth.Wecan’tliveinwater,andonlyaboutonethirdofourplanetisland.Butpartsofthislandareverydry.Thesedryplacesarecalleddeserts.Someareashaveveryhighmountains.Othershavealotofsnowandice.Itisnoteasytoliveinthoseplaces.Therearesevencontinents:Asia,Africa,Australia,Antarctica,Europe,NorthAmericaandSouthAmerica.Antarcticaiscoveredwithsnowandiceallyearround.Luckily,peoplecanliveontheothersixcontinents.Onthesecontinents,therearegreenforests,freshwaterandrichlands.Oceanscovertwothirdsoftheearth’ssurface.Theearthhasonlyonebigocean,butweusethesenamesforitsdifferentparts:thePacificOcean,theIndianOcean,theAtlanticOceanandtheArcticOcean.ThePacificOceanisthelargestone.Theearthisourhomenow,anditwillbeourhomeinthefuture.Itmustbetreatedwellforourchildrenandforourchildren’schildren,too!1Readthelessonandmatcheachparagraphwithitsmainidea.Paragraph1a.Sixofthesevencontinentsaregoodforpeopletoliveon.Paragraph2b.Weshouldtreattheearthwell.Paragraph3c.Anincreasingpopulationisabigproblemfortheearth.Paragraph4d.Twothirdsoftheearthiscoveredwithoceans.Paragraph5e.Peoplecannotliveeverywhereontheearth.ReadingWhatistheproblemtheearthfaces?Canpeopleliveeverywhereonthesevencontinents?3.Howmuchoftheworldiscoveredwithland?

4.Howmanyoceansarethereintheworld?Whatarethey?5.Whatislargestpartoftheocean?Thepopulationisincreasingveryquickly.No,theycan’t.Onethird.Readthelessonagainandanswerthequestions.Four.ThePacificOcean,theIndianOcean,TheAtlanticOcean,antheArcticOcean.ThePacificOcean.1.Intheyear2010,theworld’spopulationwasover7billionintotal.total作名詞,意思是“總計(jì)”。intotal意思是“總共”,和inall同義。Theruleris1yuanandthepenis10yuan,sothetotalis11yuan.尺子1元錢,鋼筆10元錢,所以一共是11元錢。Myfamilymembersare20peopleintotal.我家家庭成員共有20人。Languagepointsintotal=inall合計(jì);總計(jì)

thetotalof大量;許多(謂單)atotalof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)Over1,000peopleattendedthemeetingintotal.Atotaloftwentyletterswerereceivedlastmonth.上月共收到20封信?！就卣埂縯otal還可以作形容詞,一般用在名詞的前面作定語,表示“總共的,完全的”,副詞形式是totally。Histotalmoneywasabout100yuan.他所有的錢大約是100元。Hehasatotallynewchange.他有了一個全新的改變。2.Itisincreasingveryquickly.（世界人口）正在迅速增長。increase可以作及物動詞和不及物動詞，意為“增加；增大”。

increaseby+倍數(shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)“增加了……倍/百分之……”increaseto+具體數(shù)字“增加到……”Thecompanyhas_________thepriceofitscars.Thenumberofthelaptop____________25%lastyear.Thepopulationhas_________(from300,000)_____70,000.000.increasedincreasedbyincreasedto3.Andby2050,theworld'spopulationmayreach9billion.并且截止到2050年，世界人口可能將達(dá)到90億。

(1)“by＋時間”表示“到……為止；不遲于……”。根據(jù)不同的時間，使用不同的時態(tài)。Canyoufinishthisbytomorrow?在明天以前你能做完這件事嗎？Hehasplanted100treesbynow.到現(xiàn)在為止他已經(jīng)種了100棵樹。

(2)billion意為“十億”，前面有具體數(shù)字時，用單數(shù)形式；后面加of表示概數(shù)時，用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：twobillion20億billionsof數(shù)十億【拓展】與billion用法相同的詞還有：hundred(百),thousand(千),million(百萬)。4.Wecan’tliveinwater,andonlyaboutonethirdofourplanetisland.句中onethird意思是“三分之一”,也可以寫作one-third。Onethirdofthestudentsintheclassaregirls.班上三分之一的學(xué)生是女生?！就卣埂坑⒄Z中分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá):(1)分子用基數(shù)詞表示,分母用序數(shù)詞表示,當(dāng)分子大于1時,分母要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如：onefifth五分之一；twoseventh七分之二。(2)表示“……中的幾分之幾”,一般用“分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu)。Onlythreetenthsofpeopleagreewithyou.只有十分之三的人同意你的觀點(diǎn)。(3)當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)作主語時,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由后面所接名詞的形式來確定。若后面的名詞是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式,若后面的名詞是可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)或者不可數(shù)名詞時,謂語動詞則要用單數(shù)形式。TwofifthsofthestudentsarefromChina.五分之二的學(xué)生來自于中國。Threefourthsofmoneyisforeducation.四分之三的錢用于教育?！镜淅?2019年甘肅天水中考)______ofthestudentsinourclass______goingtosummercampinBeijingnextweek.A.Twofifths,isB.Secondfifths,areC.Secondfifths,isD.Twofifths,are【解析】選D?？疾榉?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)及主謂一致。句意：我們班五分之二的學(xué)生下周要去北京夏令營。英語中表達(dá)分?jǐn)?shù)時，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，當(dāng)分子大于一時，分母用序數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。這里中心詞是復(fù)數(shù)名詞students，作主語時謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，故選D。D5.Antarcticaiscoveredwithsnowandiceallyearround.becoveredwith意思是“被……覆蓋”，是被動語態(tài)，它的主動形式是“cover…with…”，意思是“用……覆蓋……”。被動語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“be+及物動詞的過去分詞”。Inwinter,everythingiscoveredwithsnow.在冬天，一切都被雪覆蓋了。Thefarmercoversthevegetableswithsomeplasticincoldweather.在寒冷的天氣里，農(nóng)民用塑料布蓋上蔬菜。Allherhomeworkwasdoneintime.她的所有作業(yè)及時做完了。

【拓展】cover作動詞時，還可以表示“占地”。Ourschoolcovers0.5squaremiles.我們學(xué)校占地0.5平方英里。【辨析】

becoveredwith與becoveredbybecoveredwith是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，注重事物的狀態(tài)。Themountainiscoveredwithsnowallyearround.這座山一年到頭被雪覆蓋著。becoveredby是被動語態(tài)，可變?yōu)橄鄳?yīng)的主動語態(tài)。Mostofthelandiscoveredbyforestsinthisarea.→Forestscovermostofthelandinthisarea.這個地區(qū)的大部分土地被森林覆蓋著。

2Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.increasedrysurfacebilliontotal1．Thenumberofswimmershereis__________quicklybecauseit’sveryhotthesedays.2．Theschoolhasa_______of900students.3．Ithinkitmaybethe________seasonoftheyear.4．The________ofourbodyisskin.Itprotectsus.5．Howmany________ofpeoplearethereintheworldnow?increasingtotal

driestsurfacebillionsLet’sDoIt!3Matchthesevencontinentswiththeircorrectdescriptions.EuropeSouthAmericaAsiaAfricaAustraliaAntarcticaNorthAmericaItisthebiggestcontinent.IthasthehighestpointontheearthintheHimalayas.Itisthesecondlargestcontinent.Manyelephants,giraffes,zebrasandlionslivethere.Itisthethirdlargestcontinent.Canada,MexicoandtheU.S.arethethreemajorcountriesonthiscontinent.Itisthefourthlargestcontinent.Thereare13countriesonthiscontinent.Itisthefifthlargestcontinent.TheSouthPoleisonthiscontinent.Itisthesixthlargestcontinent.Itisagoodplaceforpeopletotravelto.Itisthesmallestcontinent.Youcanfindkoalasandkangaroosthere.I.根據(jù)首字母或漢語提示，完成單詞。1.Thebiggestoceanintheworldisthe