新課標(biāo)高考英語備考考綱要求的10大時(shí)態(tài)知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析與練習(xí)題

PAGEPAGE19新課標(biāo)高考英語備考考綱要求的10大時(shí)態(tài)（已更新2018高考英語真題時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)題目）一般時(shí)(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí))學(xué)習(xí)高考英語考綱要求的10大時(shí)態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)一般時(shí)（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(1)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，通常用usually，often，always，never，sometimes，everyday，onceaweek，nowandthen,seldom,frequently,onceaweek,onSundays(每逢周日)等作時(shí)間狀語。Heusuallygoestoworkbybus.(2)表示客觀真理、格言以及不受時(shí)間限制的客觀存在。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.(3)表示按時(shí)間表、計(jì)劃、規(guī)定發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。此類動(dòng)詞有g(shù)o,come,leave,start,begin,arrive,stop,end,finish,takeoff等。Thetrainleavesat2：35thisafternoon.Themeetingbeginsat3:00intheafternoonandendsat5:00.會(huì)議下午3點(diǎn)開始,5點(diǎn)結(jié)束。注意：在主句是一般將來時(shí)的時(shí)間、條件、讓步狀語從句中代替將來時(shí)。Youwillsucceedifyoutryyourbest.Evenifitrainstomorrow，thefootballmatchwilltakeplace.高考使用的時(shí)候注意：在由when,while,before,after,until，assoonas等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句或由if,unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句或讓步狀語從句中，如果主句表示將來的動(dòng)作或者狀態(tài)（可以用一般將來時(shí)，也可以使用祈使句或者情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形），從句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)（可以是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)或者現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。）We’llpayyouhalfupfrontandtheotherhalfwhenyou’vefinishedthejob.我們先付給你一半錢，剩下的一半等你干完了再付。（主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）真題單句語法填空:1.Peoplehavebetteraccesstohealthcarethantheyusedto,andthey’relivinglongerasaresult.2.Asyougothroughthisbook,youwillfindthateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarIIhadadifferentexperience.主將從現(xiàn)感悟一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1Waterboilsat100c.2Icefeelscold.3Smithownsacarandahouse.4Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgooutonapicnic.主將從現(xiàn)5Theshopclosesat11：30p.m.everyday.檢測(cè)：1.Christmas_____________(fall)onDecember25th.2.Lookatthetimetable.Hurryup!Flight4026___________(take)offat9:00.3.Thiscycle________(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandthusalwaysatimelyoffset(抵消)fortheoutsidetemperatures.4.OnMondaymorningsitusually________(take)meanhourtodrivetoworkalthoughtheactualdistanceisonly20miles.5.Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwho________(wear)eveningdress.6.Itisimportanttorememberthatsuccess(be)asumofsmalleffortsmadeeachdayandoften(take)yearstoachieve.改錯(cuò)5.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleevenhadtowaitoutside.6.Someclassmatessuggestwegotoplacesofinterestnearby.Ithoughtthatitisagoodidea.翻譯：1.就像老話說的那樣，失敗是成功之母。2.我們每兩周回家一次。3.他每天早上5：30起床，晚上10：00上床睡覺。4.作業(yè)每天都做。（用被動(dòng)語態(tài)）Homeworkisdoneeveryday.5.我們家附近有一家醫(yī)院，這對(duì)我們很必要。6.我的航班于上午10點(diǎn)鐘起飛。7.如果你盡力的話你會(huì)成功的。8.他一來我就告訴他這件事。一般過去時(shí)(1)表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常用yesterday，lastyear，in1949，theotherday，threedaysago,justnow等作時(shí)間狀語。Hecametoworkheretwoweeksago.Wheredidyougojustnow?(2)表示過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常性或者習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。過去經(jīng)常做某事的時(shí)間狀語也可以使用often,usually,seldom,would,usedto.WhenIwasinthecountryside,Ioftencalledonmyoldfriendsthere.高考一般過去時(shí)單句語法填空1.2018北京卷—Hi,I’mPeter.Areyounewhere?Ihaven’tseenyouaround?—Hello,Peter.I’mBob.Ijust___started______onMonday.2.模擬題—HowwasyourvacationinSeattle?—Prettygood.IntheeveningsI___went_______topubstoenjoybeer.感悟一般過去時(shí)1Ithoughtthefilmwouldbeinteresting,butitisn’t.2Hetoldmehereadaninterestingnovellastnight.3Assoonas/Themoment/Immediatelyshecamein,shetoldmewhathadhappenedtoher.4Ididn’trecognizehim.測(cè)試：1.Thesunwassettingwhenmycar________(break)downneararemotevillage.2.Thepresidenthopesthatthepeoplewillbebetteroffwhenhequitsthanwhenhe________(start)．3.—IsPetercoming?—No,he(change)hismindafteraphonecallatthelastminute.翻譯：1.我小學(xué)上了五年。2.我半年前加入了這個(gè)俱樂部。3.自從他加入到這個(gè)俱樂部已經(jīng)半年了。Ithasbeenhalfayearsince____________________________.4..他在拐角處停下把空瓶子扔進(jìn)了垃圾箱。5.從1952年到1959年他在部隊(duì)當(dāng)了7年兵。6.中國不再是它過去的樣子了。如果我是你的話，我會(huì)更努力學(xué)習(xí)。7.過去，他寫了五部小說。8.是時(shí)候努力學(xué)習(xí)了。9.如果我是你的話，我會(huì)更努力學(xué)習(xí)。進(jìn)行時(shí)(現(xiàn)在、過去、將來進(jìn)行時(shí))學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)行時(shí)(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、將來進(jìn)行時(shí))現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)謂語構(gòu)成形式:be(am,are,is)+doingPresentProgressive/ContinuousPresentProgressiveUsedtosaywhatsomeoneisdoingnowIamstudyingEnglishnow用法：1)表示現(xiàn)在(指說話時(shí))正在發(fā)生的事情。時(shí)間狀語now,atthemoment等。WearehavingEnglishclassnow.2)表示現(xiàn)階段內(nèi)(thesedays)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,但說話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。SheislearningpianounderMr.Smith.3)進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來，表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,多用于表位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞,如:come,go,start,open,close,arrive,leave,stay,return,begin等。I’mleavingforChangshatomorrow.4)動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與costantly,always連用，表示可褒義可貶義的感情色彩。Youarecontinuallyfindingfaultwithme.強(qiáng)調(diào)他“總是”找我碴。（貶義）Heisalwayshelpingothers.他總是幫助別人。（褒義）單句語法填空1.Hi,let’sgoskating.Sorry,I’mbusyrightnow.I_amfilling______inanapplicationformforanewjob.2.（2018天津）13.Mywashingmachine___isbeingrepaired__thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)感悟1–Isthisraincoatyours?--No,mineishangingtherebehindthedoor.2–Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?--Notyet.Theroomsarebeingpainted.3Idon’treallyworkhere;Iamjusthelpingoutuntilthenewsecretaryarrives.4Selectingamobilephoneforapersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnologyischangingsorapidly.Thegirlisalwaystalkingloudlyinpublic.檢測(cè)1.Listen!Someofthegirls___________aboutHarryPotter.Let’sjointhem.(talk)2.—Hi,let'sgoskating.—Sorry,I'mbusyrightnow.I_______(fill)inanapplicationformforanewjob.(3.I(leave)forBeijingtomorrow.4.I’llgotothelibraryassoonasIfinishwhatI________(do)．5.Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology__________(change)sorapidly.翻譯1.我們的朋友正在外邊等我們呢。2.她正在大學(xué)學(xué)英語。3.我爸媽這周六要來看我。4.他總是先想到其他人。5.教學(xué)樓正在被建。Thebuildingisbeingbuiltnow.（正在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)）提醒：不用進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞1)事實(shí)狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞have,belong,possess,cost,owe,exist,include,contain,matter,weigh,measure,continue.

Ihavetwobrothers.Thishousebelongstomysister.2)心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞Know,realize,thinksee,believe,suppose,imagine,agree,recognize,remember,want,need,forget,prefer,mean,understand,love,hate

Ineedyourhelp.Helovesherverymuch.3)瞬間動(dòng)詞accept,receive,complete,finish,give,allow,decide,refuse.

Iacceptyouradvice.4)系動(dòng)詞seem,remain,lie,see,hear,smell,feel,taste,get,become,turn

Youseemalittletired.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)PastProgressive/ContinuousPastProgressiveOftenusedtosaywhensomethingwasbeingdoneorwhatwashappeningwhensomethingelsehappenedIwasstudyingEnglishlastMondaywhenmyfriendrang.IwasstudyingEnglishat5pmlastMonday.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)是表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。可以從兩個(gè)方面來理解：1過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Theywereplayingfootballatteno’clockyesterdaymorning.Iwaswashingmyclothesatthistimeyesterday.2過去某階段持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作Whatwereyoudoingduringtheholiday?另外，在復(fù)合句中，若主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么主從句都可用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)JennywasreadingwhileDannywaswriting.其結(jié)構(gòu)是助動(dòng)詞be的過去形式was/were+v-ing.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)高考單句語法填空1.（2018·北京）Susanhadquitherwell-paidjoband_____wasworking____asavolunteerintheneighborhoodwhenIvisitedherlastyear.2.I__wasdriving______downtoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.感悟過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1Ididn’tthinkKimsawme;hewasjuststaringintospace.2IfirstmetLisa3yearsago.Shewasworkingataradioshopatthetime.3–Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing?--Oh,I’mterriblysorry,Iwasn’tnoticing.4Mybrotherfellwhilehewasridinghisbicycleandhurthimself.5ThestudentswerewritingbusilywhenMissBrownwenttogetabookshehadleftintheoffice.6Tomslippedintothehousewhennoonewaslooking.7Asshewasreadingthenewspaper,Grannyfellasleep.8ShirleywaswritingabookaboutChinalastyearbutIdon’tknowwhethershehasfinishedit.題目：1.昨天晚上9點(diǎn)鐘你在干什么呢？2.那個(gè)男孩子正在寫作業(yè)的時(shí)候突然他爸爸進(jìn)來了。典例例題HemusthavesensedthatI(look)athim.Hesuddenlyglancedatmeandsaidquietly,“Whyareyoustaringatmelikethat?”將來進(jìn)行時(shí)FutureProgressive/Continous將來進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成將來進(jìn)行時(shí)是由“shall/will+be+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成的。表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Don'tphonemebetween8:00and10:00.We'llbehavingclassesthen.8點(diǎn)到10點(diǎn)之間不要給我打電話，我們那時(shí)正在上課。明天的這個(gè)時(shí)候我會(huì)正在寫作業(yè)。I’llbedoingmyhomeworkthistimetomorrow.真題單句語法填空感悟1.Janecan’tattendthemeetingat3o’clockthisafternoonbecauseshe__willbeteaching____aclassatthattime. 2.—CouldIuseyourcartomorrowmorning?—Sure.I__willbewriting______areportathome.3.I’mafraidIwon’tbeavailable.Iwillbeseeingafriendoffat3o’clockthisafternoon.完成時(shí)(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)時(shí))學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法PresentPerfectSimplePresentPerfectSimpleUsedtoshowunfinishedtimeIhavestudiedEnglishtwicethisweek.(1)表示過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或結(jié)果，常用recently，lately，ever，never，once，before，yet，just等作時(shí)間狀語。Hehasn'theardanynewsfromhissonlately.HaveyoueverbeentoLondon?(2)表示開始于過去某一時(shí)刻，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在而且還有可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。常用sofar，uptillnow，since，foralongtime，inthepast/lastfewyears，thesedays等作時(shí)間狀語。Sofarnolifehasbeenfoundoutsidetheearth.Hehaslearned5，000Englishwordssincehewenttocollege.(3)“This/Itis＋the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋that...”句式中，that后的從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。ItisthesecondtimethatIhavevisitedtheuniversity.（4）This/Itis＋the＋形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞＋that...句式中，that后的從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。這是到這個(gè)學(xué)校以來，我出席的最重要的講座。ItisthemostimportantlecturethatIhaveattendedsinceIcametothisschool.（4）inthepast(last)fewyears,inthelasttwoweeks類似時(shí)間狀語，主句也用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。Inthepasttwodecades,theChinesestudiesprogramshavegainedhugepopularityinWesternuniversities.在過去的20年間，中國的研究項(xiàng)目在西方的大學(xué)中獲得了巨大的聲望。高考真題單句語法填空1.2018北京卷China’shigh-speedrailways_havegrown__from9,000to25,000kilometersinthepastfewyears.2.I____haveread____halfoftheEnglishnovel,andI’lltrytofinishitattheweekend.典型例題：.—HowmuchdoyouknowabouttheYouthOlympicGamestobeheldinNanjing?—Well,themedia(cover)itinavarietyofforms.

翻譯或者填空1.Greatchanges______________(take)placeinChinasince1980.2.到目前為止，Tom已經(jīng)學(xué)了2000個(gè)英語單詞了。3.她教英語有20年了。4.你去過倫敦嗎？5.Sofar,progress___________(be)verygoodandwearesurethatthework________________(finish)ontime.6.—I____________(find)thebooktillnow.Don’tworry.Youmayhaveleftitathome.7.Hisfirstnovel_____________(receive)goodreviewssinceit________(出版、發(fā)行)lastmonth.8.Inthepastfewyearsthousandsoffilms___________________(produce)allovertheworld.過去完成時(shí)：PastPerfectSimplePastPerfectSimpleThepastofhavedone.Usedtosaywhensomethingwasdoneby.IhaddonemyEnglishhomeworkby6.30pmlastSaturday.IhaddonemyEnglishhomeworkbythetimeIatedinnerlastSaturday.(1)表示在過去某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，即“過去的過去”。（特別強(qiáng)調(diào)過去完成時(shí)的選擇一定要找到過去的時(shí)間參照點(diǎn)，即：過去的過去才可以是過去完成時(shí)）Bytheendoflastterm，wehadlearned2，000words.HehadleftbeforeIgothome.(2)hope，expect，think，intend，want，suppose等用于過去完成時(shí)，表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算或意圖，意為“原本……”。Wehadexpectedthatyouwouldbeabletowinthematch.(3)“It/This/Thatwas＋the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋that...”句式中，that后的從句用過去完成時(shí)。Itwasthethirdtimethathehadmadethesamemistake.(4)“hardly/scarcely...when...”和“nosooner...than...”結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句用過去完成時(shí)。Hardlyhadthegamestartedwhenitstartedtorain.高考真題單句語法填空1.2018北京卷Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho____hadbeentrapped_____inthemountainsfortwodays.過去完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)2.2018江蘇卷I

was

sent

to

the

village

last

month

to

see

how

the

development

plan

__had

been

carried

out_____in

the

pasttwoyears.3.Inthe1950sintheUSA,mostfamilieshadjustonephoneathome,andwirelessphones_hadn’tbeeninvented______yet.4.感悟句子截止到去年年末我們已經(jīng)生產(chǎn)了20，000輛汽車。Bytheendoflastyear,wehadproduced20,000cars.火車在我們到站之前就離開了。Thetrainhadleftbeforewereachedthestation.我們一坐下來汽車就開動(dòng)了。Wehadnosoonerbeenseatedthanthebusstarted.Nosoonerhadwebeenseatedthanthebusstarted.那是第三次他犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤了。Itwasthethirdtimethathehadmadethesamemistake例題解題1.Silk(become)oneoftheprimarygoodstradedalongtheSilkRoadbyabout100BC.2.Whenwalkingdownthestreet,IcameacrossDavid,whomI___________(see)foryears.(天津真題)

翻譯訓(xùn)練1.他說他在國外呆了3年了。2.在我回家之前他已經(jīng)離開了。3.到上個(gè)學(xué)期末，我已經(jīng)學(xué)了3000歌單詞。4.比賽剛剛開始就開始下雨了。5.那是他第三次犯同一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤了?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成have(has)beendoingPresentPerfectProgressive/ContinuousPresentPerfectProgressiveUsedtosayhowlongsomeonehasbeendoingsomething.IhavebeenstudyingEnglishfor2years.IhavebeenstudyingEnglishsince1997.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)相比，它強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)終結(jié)。e.g.Myhandsaredirty.Ihavebeenpaintingthewall.也可表示短期時(shí)斷時(shí)續(xù)，重復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作e.g.HehasbeenphoningJennyeverynightforaweek.一直在打電話（斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地進(jìn)行著）如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動(dòng)作一直在持續(xù)下去，或者是一直在斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地進(jìn)行著，這時(shí)句子用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。Overthepastdecades，seaiceintheArctichas__been__decreasing(decrease)asaresultofglobalwarming.一直在減少Tomhas__been__working(work)inthelibraryeverynightthesedays.一直在工作（斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地進(jìn)行著）單句語法填空1.—Excuseme,whichmovieareyouwaitingfor?—ThenewStarWars.Wehavebeenwaiting___hereformorethantwohours.2.Maryhasbeenworkingreallyhardonhisbookandthinkshe’llhavefinisheditbyFriday.3．—WhereisPeter?Ican'tfindhimanywhere.—Hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastandhasbeenwritinghisessaythereeversince.真題體驗(yàn)Dashan,who(learn)crosstalk,theChinesecomedictradition,fordecades,wantstomixitupwiththeWesternstand-uptradition.(江蘇真題)

We’vespenttoomuchmoneyrecently.well,itisn’tsurprising.Ourfriendandrelatives_______aroundallthetimeA.arecomingB.hadcome C.werecoming D.havebeencoming—Excuseme,whichmovieareyouwaitingfor?—ThenewStarWars.We(wait)hereformorethantwohours.(北京真題)

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)，因此，表示動(dòng)作的完成，只能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而不能用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。Eg:Hehaschangedhisidea.他改變了想法。2.在表示動(dòng)作的延續(xù)時(shí)，雖然既可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，也可用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，但現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行。因此在需要明確表示動(dòng)作還要持續(xù)下去時(shí)，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。Eg:Wehavebeenstudyingherefortwoyears.我們?cè)谶@兒已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了兩年了。3.在許多情況下，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)卻并非如此。Hehascleanedthewindow.他把窗戶擦干凈了。(動(dòng)作已完成)Hehasbeencleaningthewindow.他一直在擦窗戶。(動(dòng)作不一定完成)高考英語語法將來時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示將來經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。(1)“shall/will＋動(dòng)詞原形”表示將來，往往指客觀上勢(shì)必要發(fā)生的事情或沒有計(jì)劃，臨時(shí)做出的打算。shall用于第一人稱，will用于第二、三人稱。Whenwillyoubeabletogiveusareply?(2)begoingtodo形式表示將來，一般指按計(jì)劃、打算要做某事，或有跡象要出現(xiàn)的情況。Iamgoingtobuyacomputerthissummer.Itisgoingtobefinetomorrow.(3)betodo表示將來，一般指按計(jì)劃或安排要做某事，或按職責(zé)、義務(wù)和要求必須去做某事。Iamtobuysomebooksthisafternoon.(4)beabouttodo表示將來，多指不久或即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀，不能與表示具體時(shí)間的狀語連用。Thetrainisabouttoleave.(5)begoingto與will表將來時(shí)的區(qū)別begoingto指主觀打算或有客觀跡象表明將要發(fā)生;will表示沒有事先計(jì)劃而臨時(shí)的安排或純粹表將來,與計(jì)劃無關(guān)。如:I’mgoingtoattendthemeeting.(打算)

我打算參加這個(gè)會(huì)議。Thecloudisgathering.It’sgoingtorain.(有跡象表明)

烏云正在聚集,要下雨了。Iforgottoturnoffthelight.Iwillgoandswitchitoff.(未經(jīng)事先考慮的臨時(shí)決定)

我忘記關(guān)燈了。我現(xiàn)在就去關(guān)。Mymotherwillbe60nextweek.(純粹表將來)

下星期我媽媽就60歲了。感悟一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1Nextweek,wewillholdaChristmasparty.2Thenewyeariscoming.今天下午三點(diǎn)要開一個(gè)會(huì)。Ameetingistobeheldat3:00o’clockthisafternoon.你何時(shí)奔赴紐約？WhenareyoutoleaveforNewYork?你應(yīng)該報(bào)警。Youaretoreporttothepolice.應(yīng)該怎么辦呢？Whatistobedone?這種藥一天要服三次。Thismedicineistobetakenthreetimesaday.這個(gè)室內(nèi)的書籍不得帶出室外。Thebooksinthisroomarenottobetakenoutside.翻譯訓(xùn)練：1.老師一來，我們就開始上課。2.——Sorry,Iforgottobuythebookyouneed.——Itdoesn’tmatter.I______gomyself.3.Lookattheclouds.It_____________rain.4.TheyaretobemarriedinthisMay.(按計(jì)劃安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,非個(gè)人能隨意改變)5.你媽回來之前你不要出去。（要求或命令他人做某事）6.Heistosucceed.(注定)7.TheQueen___________visitJapaninaweek’stime.8.Thetrain_________________(leave).火車馬上就要離開。參考答案1.老師一來，我們就開始上課。Wewillbeginourclassassoonastheteachercomes.2.——Sorry,Iforgottobuythebookyouneed.——Itdoesn’tmatter.I__will____gomyself.3.Lookattheclouds.It__isgoingto___________rain.4.TheyaretobemarriedinthisMay.(按計(jì)劃安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,非個(gè)人能隨意改變)5.你媽回來之前你不要出去。（要求或命令他人做某事）Youaretostayhomeuntilyourmothercomesback.6.Heistosucceed.(注定)7.TheQueen____isto_______visitJapaninaweek’stime.8.Thetrain___isabouttoleave_______(leave).火車馬上就要離開。典型例題：.—Whattimeisit?—Ihavenoidea.Butjustaminute,I(check)itforyou.

【答案】willcheck【解析】句意:——幾點(diǎn)了?——我不知道。但是等一會(huì)兒,我給你查一下。根據(jù)語境可知,check為臨時(shí)決定要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,will可表示臨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備去Asyougothroughthisbook，you______(find)thateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarⅡhadadifferentexperience.willfind句意：當(dāng)你瀏覽這本書的時(shí)候，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)那些經(jīng)歷過二戰(zhàn)的幾百萬人中，每一個(gè)人都有不同的經(jīng)歷。時(shí)間狀語從句使用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，所以主句使用一般將來時(shí)?！猈hattimeisit?—Ihavenoidea.Butjustaminute，I________(check)itforyou.willcheck句意：——幾點(diǎn)了？——我也不知道。等一下，我?guī)湍憧匆幌隆８鶕?jù)語境可知，check是臨時(shí)打算要做的動(dòng)作，故用willdo，表示將來。過去將來時(shí)表示從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，有過去時(shí)間或動(dòng)作作參照。Was/wereabouttodo….when…該句型很少與表示將來的具體時(shí)間狀語連用，但可以和when引導(dǎo)的狀語連用。1.他說他會(huì)在車站等我們。2.我正準(zhǔn)備出門的時(shí)候我的一位老朋友來了。參考答案過去將來時(shí)woulddo→wouldbedone表示從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，有過去時(shí)間或動(dòng)作作參照。Was/wereabouttodo….when…該句型很少與表示將來的具體時(shí)間狀語連用，但可以和when引導(dǎo)的狀語連用。1.他說他會(huì)在車站等我們。Hesaidhewouldwaitforusatthebusstop.2.我正準(zhǔn)備出門的時(shí)候我的一位老朋友來了。Iwastoabouttogooutwhenoneofmyoldfriendscame.Theymadeuptheirmindthatthey(buy)anewhouseonceLarrychangedjobs.

【答案】wouldbuy【解析】句意:他們下定決心,一旦拉里換了工作,他們就買座新房子。根據(jù)主句中的關(guān)鍵詞made可知該題的語境是發(fā)生在過去的;同時(shí)once引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中的changed這一動(dòng)作在當(dāng)時(shí)還未發(fā)生,用的是一般過去時(shí)表示過去將來時(shí)的用法,所以主句應(yīng)該用過去將來時(shí),即wouldbuy。

英語10大時(shí)態(tài)及被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/are+doneTheclassroomiscleanedbyus.一般過去時(shí)was/were+doneThekitewasmadebyhim.一般將來時(shí)willbe+doneThetreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+beingdoneTheflowersarebeingwateredbyher.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+beingdoneAletterwasbeingwrittenbyherthistimeyesterday.將來進(jìn)行時(shí)無無現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+beendoneTheworkhasbeenfinishedbyJim.過去完成時(shí)had+beendoneTheworkhadbeenfinishedbyJim.過去將來時(shí)wouldbe+doneHesaidakitewouldbemadebyhim.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)無無一般時(shí)(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí))學(xué)習(xí)參考答案一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（經(jīng)常、習(xí)慣、真理格言、時(shí)刻表、主將從現(xiàn)）do/does→am/is/aredone（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）檢測(cè)：1.Christmas_____________(fall)onDecember25th.1.falls2.Lookatthetimetable.Hurryup!Flight4026___________(take)offat9:00.2.takes3.Thiscycle________(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandthusalwaysatimelyoffset(抵消)fortheoutsidetemperatures.3．goes句意：這個(gè)循環(huán)日復(fù)一日的進(jìn)行……主語thiscycle為單數(shù)形式；結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語dayafterday可知，表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的情況，須用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填goes。4.OnMondaymorningsitusually________(take)meanhourtodrivetoworkalthoughtheactualdistanceisonly20miles.4.takes句意：雖然實(shí)際距離只有20英里，但是在每周一的早上我開車去上班通常會(huì)花費(fèi)一個(gè)小時(shí)。根據(jù)句子中的時(shí)間狀語onMondaymornings和副詞usually暗示可知，應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的反復(fù)性。5.Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwho________(wear)eveningdress.答案wears解析根據(jù)句意，此處談的是一般情況，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；由于oneofthewomen前有only修飾，說明其后的定語從句是修飾one的，而不是修飾women的，所以定語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)；故填wears。6.Itisimportanttorememberthatsuccess(be)asumofsmalleffortsmadeeachdayandoften(take)yearstoachieve.(湖南真題)

6.【答案】is;takes【解析】本題考查主謂一致。句意:重要的是要記住,成功是每天所做的一些小小的努力的總和,它常常需要很多年的時(shí)間才能實(shí)現(xiàn)。此處success是不可數(shù)名詞,作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。改錯(cuò)6.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleevenhadtowaitoutside.had→have句意：……有些人甚至要在外面等。此處是在介紹現(xiàn)在的情況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。7.Someclassmatessuggestwegotoplacesofinterestnearby.Ithoughtthatitisagoodidea.thought→think句意：……我認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)好主意。根據(jù)前句中的suggest可知，本句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)翻譯：1.就像老話說的那樣，失敗是成功之母。Asthesayinggoes,failureisthemotherofsuccess.2.我們每兩周回家一次。Wegohomeeveryotherweek.3.他每天早上5：30起床，晚上10：00上床睡覺。Hegetsupat5：30everymorningandgotobedat10：00everynight.4.作業(yè)每天都做。（用被動(dòng)語態(tài)）Homeworkisdoneeveryday.5.我們家附近有一家醫(yī)院，這對(duì)我們很必要。Thereisahospitalnearbywhichisnecessaryforus.6.我的航班于上午10點(diǎn)鐘起飛。Myflighttakesoffat10:00AM.7.如果你盡力的話你會(huì)成功的。You’llsucceedifyoutryyourbest.8.他一來我就告訴他這件事。I’lltellhimaboutitassoonashecomes.補(bǔ)充：want,hope,plan,expect,intend,mean,suppose,think本身一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)后接不定式表示將來的含義9.我打算上一所重點(diǎn)大學(xué)。Iexpecttogotoakeyuniversity.一般過去時(shí)1.Thesunwassettingwhenmycar________(break)downneararemotevillage.1.答案broke解析該空是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句主語mycar的謂語。從句中沒有時(shí)間狀語或時(shí)間狀語從句，但主句的謂語動(dòng)詞wassetting用了過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，同時(shí)此句也是一個(gè)特殊的句型：...was/weredoing...when...did...此句型中的when意為atthattime,因此可判斷此謂語應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。此外，主語mycar與謂語之間的關(guān)系是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，同時(shí)主語也是單數(shù)。綜合考慮可得此題答案為broke。2.Thepresidenthopesthatthepeoplewillbebetteroffwhenhequitsthanwhenhe________(start)．2.started3.—IsPetercoming?—No,he(change)hismindafteraphonecallatthelastminute.(重慶真題)

3【答案】changed【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意:——彼得會(huì)來嗎?——不來了,剛才接到一個(gè)電話之后他改變主意了。根據(jù)句子的時(shí)間狀語afteraphonecallatthelastminute可知,彼得改變主意是過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,是回答問題者的回憶內(nèi)容,因此應(yīng)該用一般過去時(shí)。翻譯：1.我小學(xué)上了五年。Istudiedattheprimaryschoolforfiveyears.2.我半年前加入了這個(gè)俱樂部。Ijoinedtheclubhalfayearago.3.自從他加入到這個(gè)俱樂部已經(jīng)半年了。IthasbeenhalfayearsinceIjoinedtheclub.4..他在拐角處停下把空瓶子扔進(jìn)了垃圾箱。Hestoppedatthecorneranddroppedtheemptybottleintothedustbin.5.從1952年到1959年他在部隊(duì)當(dāng)了7年兵。Heservedinthearmyfrom1952to1959forsevenyears.6.中國不再是它過去的樣子了。Chinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.7.過去，他寫了五部小說。Fivenovelswerewrittenbyhiminthepast.8.是時(shí)候努力學(xué)習(xí)了。It’shightimethatyouworkedhard.9.如果我是你的話，我會(huì)更努力學(xué)習(xí)。IfIwereyou,Iwouldworkharder.進(jìn)行時(shí)(現(xiàn)在、過去、將來進(jìn)行時(shí))學(xué)習(xí)參考答案現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)題目檢測(cè)1.Listen!Someofthegirls___________aboutHarryPotter.Let’sjointhem.(talk)1.aretalking2.—Hi,let'sgoskating.—Sorry,I'mbusyrightnow.I_______(fill)inanapplicationformforanewjob.(2.amfilling3.I(leave)forBeijingtomorrow.3.amleaving4.I’llgotothelibraryassoonasIfinishwhatI________(do)．4.答案amdoing解析句意：我一完成我做的工作就去圖書館。由于“去圖書館”用的是一般將來時(shí)，說明要完成的工作是“現(xiàn)在”正在做的事情，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。5.Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology__________(change)sorapidly.5.ischanging翻譯1.我們的朋友正在外邊等我們呢。2.她正在大學(xué)學(xué)英語。3.我爸媽這周六要來看我。4.他總是先想到其他人。5.教學(xué)樓正在被建。Thebuildingisbeingbuiltnow.正在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)參考答案1.我們的朋友現(xiàn)在正在外邊等我們呢。Ourfriendsarewaitingforusoutside.2.她現(xiàn)在正在大學(xué)學(xué)英語。SheisstudyingEnglishincollege.3.我爸媽這周六要來看我。MyparentsarecomingtoseemythisStatuary.4.他總是先想到其他人。Heisalwaysthinkingofothersfirst.5.教學(xué)樓正在被建。Thebuildingisbeingbuiltnow.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)題目答案1.昨天晚上9點(diǎn)鐘你在干什么呢？Whatwereyoudoingatninelastnight?2.那個(gè)男孩子正在寫作業(yè)的時(shí)候突然他爸爸進(jìn)來了。Theboywasdoinghishomeworkwhenhisfathercamein.典例例題HemusthavesensedthatI(look)athim.Hesuddenlyglancedatmeandsaidquietly,“Whyareyoustaringatmelikethat?”【解析】waslooking本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意:他一定感覺到了我正在看他。他突然瞥了我一眼,輕輕地說:“你為什么那樣盯著我看?”musthavedone是對(duì)過去發(fā)生的情況的推測(cè),因此“我正在看他”也是發(fā)生在過去,而且是正在進(jìn)行,故用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。下文“Whyareyoustaringatmelikethat?”也是很好的提示。完成時(shí)(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)時(shí))學(xué)習(xí)參考答案典型例題：.—HowmuchdoyouknowabouttheYouthOlympicGamestobeheldinNanjing?—Well,themedia(cover)itinavarietyofforms.

【答案】havecovered【解析】句意:——你對(duì)即將在南京舉行的青奧會(huì)了解多少?——嗯,媒體已經(jīng)用各種各樣的形式對(duì)它進(jìn)行了報(bào)道。問話人詢問對(duì)方了解多少關(guān)于青奧會(huì)的事情,說明關(guān)于青奧會(huì)的很多信息已經(jīng)被對(duì)方知道了。而回答者并沒有正面回答,而是說媒體已經(jīng)報(bào)道過很多了,意思是外界都知道青奧會(huì)的信息,他就不用回答具體信息了。這里應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表示到目前為止媒體已經(jīng)報(bào)道了很多。翻譯或者填空參考答案1.Greatchangeshave__taken(take)placeinChinasince1980.2.到目前為止，Tom已經(jīng)學(xué)了2000個(gè)英語單詞了。Sofar,Tomhaslearned2000Englishwords.3.她教英語有20年了。ShehastaughtEnglishfor20years.4.你去過倫敦嗎？HaveyoueverbeentoLondon?5.Sofar,progress_____hasbeen______(be)verygoodandwearesurethatthework________willbefinished________(finish)ontime.6.—I____haven’tfound________(find)thebooktillnow.Don’tworry.Youmayhaveleftitathome.7.Hisfirstnovel_____hasreceived________(receive)goodreviewssinceit___cameout_____(出版、發(fā)行)lastmonth.8.Inthepastfewyearsthousandsoffilms___havebeenproduced_________(produce)allovertheworld.教材句子：Thelastfewyearshaveseenenvironmentaldisastersonagrandscale,andexpertsarepredictingfarworsetocome.最近的幾年里，人們見證了大規(guī)模的環(huán)境災(zāi)難，專家們預(yù)測(cè)更為嚴(yán)重的災(zāi)難即將發(fā)生。(北師大版M8U22L3)Inthelastfewdecades,scientistshavereachedconsensusandreportedthathumanbeingsarecausingchangesintheEarth’sclimate--somethingpreviouslyseenasbeyondourcontrol.最近幾十年，科學(xué)家們一致認(rèn)為，人類正在引起地球的氣候變化—而這在以前看來是我們不能控制的。(北師大版M8U22L1)過去完成時(shí)：例題解題1.Silk(become)oneoftheprimarygoodstradedalongtheSilkRoadbyabout100BC.【答案】hadbecome【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意:到約公元前100年時(shí),絲綢就已成為絲綢之路沿線交易的主要貨物之一。by表示“到某一時(shí)間為止”,是完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志。根據(jù)句意此處應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。2.Whenwalkingdownthestreet,IcameacrossDavid,whomI___________(see)foryears.(天津真題)

【答案】hadn’tseen【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意:當(dāng)沿街散步時(shí),我偶遇了戴維,我們已有好幾年沒見了。“沒見”表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在cameacross之前,且foryears是完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志,所以應(yīng)用表示過去完成的hadn’tseen。參考答案過去完成時(shí)的用法：過去的過去；到過去某個(gè)時(shí)間為止的動(dòng)作hardly/scarely(過完)…when(一般過去)nosooner(過完)…than(一般過去)表示“剛…就…”It/This/Thatwas+the序數(shù)詞time+that(過完)“那是第幾次做…”hope,expect,think,intend,want,suppose等用于過去完成時(shí)時(shí)表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算或意圖，意為“原本…”1.他說他在國外呆了3年了。Hesaidhehadbeenabroadfor3years.2.在我回家之前他已經(jīng)離開了。Hehadleftbe