新世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語系列教程第2版綜合教程-課后題答案

新世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語系列教程第2版綜合教程課后題答案UnitOneLivinginHarmonyEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinAction▆WorkingwithWordsandExpressionsIntheboxesbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththem.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:bunch amazed shift bundle dropcapacity participating style commerce robsymbol appreciated displayed slip conquerroast figuredIntheboxbelowaresomeoftheexpressionsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouunderstandtheirmeanings?Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:inrichcontrastto areexposedto riskedhislife relyonatknife-pointstandsout runscontrarytoflagdownpicks/pickedup tookagambleon pulledawaypulledover▆IncreasingYourWordPowerCollocationsLookattheadverbslistedintheboxbelow,anddecidewhichadverbisneededtocollocatewiththeverbineachsentence.Fillthecorrectadverbintotheblankinthesentence.Thesamewordmaybeusedinmorethanonesentence.Consultadictionaryifnecessary.▆Answers:1)out2)over3)back4)down5)over6)up7)out8)back9)down10)out11)up12)over13)back1)relying2)intrigued3)penny4)for5)covered6)treated7)amazed8)contrary9)generally10)whatever11)invited12)attentive13)whereTranslation▆TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninbrackets.▆AnswersforReference:Therumorabouthisdivorceisjustaploytogainpublicityforhisnewfilm.Hetookagambleonstartingafactorywithallthemoneyhisparentshadlefthim.Afterwinningtheimportantgametheyhoistedtheircaptaintotheirshouldersinshoutingtriumph.Intherushtogoforglobalization,weshouldwatchoutforcollisionofcultures.Inthecircumstancesitwasnotsurprisingthattherewastrouble.Thebabyistheverypictureofhealth.PeoplehaverealizedthedangersofexposingchildrentoviolenceandsexonTV.Wealwayshadinmindforwhomweweremakingthefilm.Theme-RelatedWriting▆Chooseoneofthefollowingwritingtasksandcompleteitafterclass.1)Writeanessay(ofabout250words)aboutamemorableexperienceinwhichyouhelpedastrangerorwerehelpedbyhimorher.2)Writeanessay(ofabout150words)abouthumanrelationshipsinoursociety.Thefollowinghintsmightserveasaguide:a.Theproblemsexistingintherelationshipsbetweenpeopleinoursociety.b.Thenegativeresultssuchproblemsmaybringabouttooursociety.c.Whatcanyoudotohelpestablishaharmonioussocietyasastudent?▆SampleEssayforTask1:Oneweekendmorning,whilewalkingonabustlingstreetwithalightheart,Iwassuddenlyovertakenbyastartlingmoan.Turningaround,Idiscoveredthesoundwascomingfromablackmassinacorner.“What’sthat?”Myheartpoundedheavily.Iwentupandsawahumanbeing,alivebutinadreadfulstate.Hewascrouchingonthegroundwithdeformedhandsandlegs,mumblingsomething.Hehadobviouslylostthenormalabilitytomoveandwork.Adirtyplatewasplacedinfrontthemiserable-lookingman,inwhichthereweresomecoinsandsmallnotes.Asmyeyesweredriftingawayfromhim,hiseyescaughtminesuddenly.Whateyestheywere!Filledwithmiseryandexpectation,theywerelookingstraightatme.Hewasunabletospeak,butIseemedtohearhispleadingvoiceandreadhisdespairingmind.Hislookseemedtobetellingmeabouthishardlifeandhislongingforhelp.Forawhile,Iwasatalosswhattodo.ShouldIdropsomecoinsintheplatelikesomeotherpassers-byorturnawayinindifference?Irecallednewsreportsaboutmenpretendingtobebeggars,whowereactuallyhealthyandabletowork.Couldthisbeanotheroneofthosescams?Butthebeggarwasthere,groaningandliving.Thensomethingseemedtohitmehard.Idrewafive-yuannotefrommypocket,droppeditinhisdirtyplateandwalkedawayquicklyinsilence.“Nogooddeedistoosmall.”Maybeweneedtobearthissayinginmind.▆SampleEssayforTask2:Wearelivinginaworldofdistrust.Welivebehindcoldsecuritybars;wedonottalktostrangers,letalonegooutofourwaytohelpthem;weliveinfearoffakeproducts.Inshort,fearandfeelingsofinsecurityfilltheenvironmentwelivein.Allthisgreatlyharmsoursociety.Growingupinsuchanenvironment,wetendtofeelisolatedandcareonlyaboutourselves.Ifthingsgoonlikethis,‘trust’,‘teamwork’,and‘harmony’willeventuallybecometermsunheardof.Inmyopinion,trustingothersandbeingtrustworthyarethetwobasicprinciplesthatweshouldfollowifwewanttoimprovehumanrelationships.Wemaynotbeinapositiontochangeothers,butwecanchangethewayothersseeusbywinningtheirtrustinus.Mutualunderstandingandlovearethepillarsthatsupportaharmonioussociety.UnitTwoOptimismandPositiveThinkingEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinAction▆WorkingwithWordsandExpressionsIntheboxbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththem.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:positivestartledperspectivehardenshapeaddresscrisescurseincredibleconverselyissueresponsepriorrareaccomplishIntheboxbelowaresomeoftheexpressionsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouunderstandtheirmeanings?Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:getthehangofhavelivedthroughmakesadifferencehavenoideaconcernedwithslippedoverranintoinreversemullover▆IncreasingYourWordPowerDecidewhether“do”,“make”or“take”isneededtocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.Changetheverbformwherenecessary.▆Answers:doesmaketakedomakeTakedonetakenmakingtookIneachofthefollowingsentencesyouaregiventwoconfusablewordsorexpressionsinbrackets.Choosetheappropriateonetofillintheblank.Youmayconsultadictionaryifnecessary.▆Answers:concernedConcerningrejectdeclinedunconscioussubconsciousformerprecedingraiseriseNowmatcheachoftheEnglishwordinColumnAwithitsChineseequivalentinColumnB.Youmayconsultadictionaryifnecessary.▆Answers:djkabhcflegiGRAMMARINCONTEXTTask1:Whenitisusedasaconjunction,“as”canmean“when/while”,“though/although”,“since/because”,“intheway/mannerthat”,etc.,anditcanalsobeusedinacomparativestructure.Studythefollowingsentencesandexplainthemeaningof“as”ineachsentence.▆Answersforreference:intheway/mannerthatthough/althoughwhensinceusedinacomparisonthoughwhileinthewaythatTask2:CompletethefollowingsentencesaftertheexamplebytranslatingtheChineseintoEnglish,using“as”asarelativepronoun.▆Answersforreference:asyoudescribe/havedescribed/describedasconcerneveryoneofusAsiswellknownAsweallcanseeasyoushow/asyouhaveshownforyourteacherAsisreported/announcedintoday’spapersClozeCompletethefollowingpassagewithwordschosenfromthisunit.Theinitialletterofeachisgiven.▆Answers:perspectivedespairnecessityperformConverselyprophecywhereasachieverecognizedealtwithattitudechannelsconcernedTranslationTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsandexpressionsgiveninbrackets.▆Answersforreference:Onlythosewhohavelivedthroughasimilarexperiencecanfullyappreciatethis./Theonlypeoplewhocanfullyappreciatethisarethosewhohavelivedthroughasimilarexperience.Scientistshavebeenhardpressedtofigureouthowtheseparticlesform/areformedandinteract(withoneanother).ThosewhohavegotthehangofRubik’sCube(MagicCube)canreturneachfacetoconsistingofonecolourinnotime.Theindividualsuccessoftheemployeesinateamenvironmentresultsinsuccessforthecompany.Thewar,althoughsuccessfulinmilitaryterms,lefttheeconomyalmostinruins.Hedecidedtochannelhisenergiesintosomethinguseful,insteadofbeinggluedto/sittinginfrontoftheTVsetalldaylong.There’sadifferencebetweenstrengthandcourage.Ittakesstrengthtosurvive.Ittakescouragetolive.Shewasbynatureaveryaffectionateperson,alwaysreadytogiveahelpinghandtoothers.Theme-RelatedWritingDoeitherofthefollowingtwowritingtasks.Youmaydrawonsomeusefulideasandexpressionsfromavarietyofsources,suchasthetwotextsinthisunitortheInternet.1)Havingreadthetwopassagesinthisunit,youmayhavecometoabetterunderstandingoflifeandthetimeswhenpessimisticandoptimisticthoughtstaketurnstoaffectyourbehaviour.Writealetterofencouragement(ofabout150words)tooneofyourhighschoolfriendswhofailedinthecollegeentranceexamination.Tellhimorheraboutyournewunderstandingoftheneedtoremainoptimistic.2)Thewritersofthetwotextsinthisunitconveytousthemessagethatweneedtolookatthepositivesideofanythingthatcomestousandthatweneedtotakeanoptimisticandpositiveattitudetowardlife.Writeanessay(ofabout150words)toshareyourideaswithyourclassmates.Thefollowinghintsmaybeofsomehelp:a.Whatismeantby“thinkingpositively”?b.Whatistheconnectionbetweensuccessandoptimism?c.Howcanwekeepanoptimisticandpositiveattitude?▆SampleLetterforTask1:DearWeihua,Iknowyouarestillfeelingupsetaboutyourresultsinthecollegeentranceexamination.I’vejustreadanarticleabouthowpessimisticandoptimisticthoughtscanaffectourbehaviourandI’mnowsendingyouacopy,hopingthatitwillhelpyoustepoutoftheshadows.Naturally,failingthecollegeentranceexaminationcanbeverydepressing,yetifyoucontinuetodwellonthepast,youwillneverbeabletopickyourselfupandfocusonwhatismoreimportantfornowandthefuture.Lifeisfulloftrialsandanyonemaysuffersetbacks.Wemusttakeanoptimisticattitudetowardsthethingswehavetodealwith.Optimismandpositivethinkingarepowerfulforces.Goodthingsdocometrueifwepicturethemoften.Pleasedohaveconfidenceinyourpotential.Justworkhardandprepareforanotherchance.Youwillmakeit.Yours,Janet(152words)▆SampleEssayforTask2:Thinkingpositivelymeansallowingyourmindtobefilledwithoptimisticfeelings,andalwayshopingforthebestthoughstillawareofthedifficultiesthatmightbeinvolved.Thehumanmindispowerful;thoughtsofoptimismandpessimismcanbeaself-fulfillingprophecy.Thoughitmightseemimpossibletosome,positivethinkingandsuccessactuallyhaveacause-and-resultrelationship.Thereasonisthatapersonwithpositivethinkingwillalwaysbroadcastgoodwillandconfidenceandthatkindofradiatingattitudewilltakeaholdoneverybody.Gradually,people’sattitudewillshifttowardsmoretrustandrespect.Thisnotonlyopensupmoreopportunitiesfortheindividual,butitalsofeedsbackemotionally,andthecyclecontinues.Thoughtheshapingofapositiveornegativepersonalityoftenhappenssubconsciously,itispossibletocontrolsuchprocessesconsciously.Apersoncantryvisualizingfavourablesituations,whetheritisrememberingacontestwonasachildorimagininggettingthatjoboffersolongsoughtafter.Overtimecircumstanceswillchangeaccordingly.(169words)UnitThreeTheRoadtoSuccessEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinActionWorkingwithWordsandExpressionsIntheboxbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearntinthisunit.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththem.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:favourablediscouragedconsentedneglectcreptsufficienttracedsomewhatrefreshworthyprospectsresolvedremarkedundergorewardedIntheboxbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.▆Answers:packupmanyastaysthecourseputtothetestfloodingincameacrosscomeupwithplunged...into▆IncreasingYourWordPowerListedintheboxbelowaresomeunitnouns.Discusstheirmeaningsandthencompletethefollowingtablebyfillingintheappropriateunitnoun.Thesameunitnounmaybeusedformorethanonce.Consultadictionaryifnecessary.▆Answers:asliceofbreadaparticleofrockabunchofkeysabarofsoapacanoforangejuiceasheetofglassanitemofbusinessanarticleoffurnitureasliceofmeataparticleofdustacanofbeerabarofchocolateanarticleofluggageabunchofflowersasheetofpaperanitemofexpenseWordssuchasrespectful,respectableandrespectivemaycauseconfusionbecausetheyaresimilareitherinmeaningorinspelling.Tocommunicateeffectively,weneedtopayspecialattentiontosuchconfusablewords.▆Answers:neglectedneglectfulcolourfulcolouredroughtoughworthworthyfavourablefavouriterespectfulrespectablerespectiveconsiderateconsiderableWordBuildingMatcheachoftheEnglishwordinColumnAwithitsChinesemeaninginColumnB.Youmayconsultadictionaryifnecessary.▆Answers:d.2)i3)l4)a5)k6)o7)p8)bm10)n11)e12)c13)f14)g15)h16)jGrammarincontextStudythefollowingsentencesthatappearinthisunit,payingspecialattentiontothesubordinateclausesandconnectives.Reflectontheirgrammaticalfunctionandthendothetaskthatfollows.Task:Fillintheblanksinthefollowingsentencesbychoosingproperconnectivesfromtheboxbelow.▆Answersforreference:1)what2)whether3)whose4)whoever5)what6)where7)how8)which9)that10)that2．Studythefollowingsentencesthatappearinthisunit,payingspecialattentionto“thepreposition+relativepronoun”structure.Reflectontheirusesandthendothefollowingtask.Task:Completethefollowingsentencesusingaprepositionandarelativepronoun.▆Answersforreference:1）ofwhich2)forwhich3)inwhich4)inwhom5)ofwhich6)towhich7)forwhich8)atwhichClozeCompletethefollowingpassagewithwordsandphraseschosenfromTextA.Theinitialletterofeachtargetwordisgiven.▆Answers:1)for2)aware3)affair4)prospects5)storage6)matter7)plunged8)break9)offered10)dancing11)cleared12)welled13)stick14)sacrifices15)publishedTranslation1.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsandexpressionsgiveninbrackets.▆Answersforreference:RumourhasitthathisnewbookisbasedonatruestoryaboutafamilyinasmallTennesseetown.Heteachesinamiddleschool,buthedoessometranslationworkonthesidetobringinextracash/money.It’sgoodtobeconfident(aboutyourself),butthere’sadifferencebetween(self-)confidenceandconceit.Onlythosewhostickitoutcanachievesuccess.Thosewhogiveuphalfwaywillneverrealizetheirdreams.Atrueheropossesses/hascourage,anoblepurposeandawillingnesstomakesacrifices.Anyonewhopicksupthisnovelandreadsthefirstparagraphwillbehardpressedtoputitdown.Inasense,lifeislikeswimming;ifyoukeepholdingontothesidesofthepool,you(will)neverlearn.Thefutureofanationdependsinalargemeasureuponthequalityofeducationandtraining.Theme-RelatedWriting1)Writeanarrativeessay(ofabout150words)aboutyourpursuitofadreamorsomeone’sexperiencesinmakinghis/herdreamcometrue. SampleessayLiHui,myfriendinhighschool,wasbornintoaworker’sfamily.Shebegantodreamofbecomingacartoonartistfromherchildhood.Toherdisappointment,herparentsstronglyopposedhercareerchoice,becausethecostofhereducationwouldbetoohighforthepoorfamily,andtheywereworriedaboutthejobopportunitiesforacartoonartist.However,LiHuiwouldnotchangehermind.Sheworkedhardtoperfectherskillsandsearchedpersistentlyforwaystorealiseherdream.Justbeforeshefinishedhighschool,thechancecame:afamousartschoolwasholdingacartoondrawingcompetition.Thefirstthreewinnerswouldbegivenascholarshiptostudycartoondrawingattheschool.LiHuitoldherselfnottoletthechanceslipthroughherfingers.Shereadilyparticipatedandwonthesecondplace.SheisnowstudyingthereandIfeelcertainthatherdreamwillcometrue.(156words)2)Peoplemayhavedifferentopinionsaboutthekeyfactorsforsuccess.Writeashortessay(ofabout150words)andshareyouropinionswithyourclassmates.Sampleessay:Inmyopinion,beforeapersonbecomessuccessful,heorsheshouldfullyunderstandthebasicelementsofsuccess:competence,determinationandoptimism.Forapersontosucceed,heorshehastofacegreatcompetitionandexcelinhisorherchosencareer.Thepersonneedstodemonstrateandprovehisorhercompetenceindealingwithproblems.Withoutcompetence,thepersoncanneitherstandoutamongthecrowdnorattracttheattentionofthosewhoholdthekeystothedoorsofopportunityandadvancement.Yetabilityalonecannotguaranteesuccess.Oftenenough,thingsdonotgothewaywehaveplannedandfailureisunavoidablenomatterhowintelligentorcapablewemaybe.Insuchcasesoneneedstoremainfirmandoptimistic,alwaysbelievingthathardworkwilleventuallypayoff.Ifthepersongivesuphalfway,successwillneverknockatthedoor.(149words)EnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinAction▇WorkingwithWordsandExpressions1.Intheboxesbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththewordsgiven.Changetheformwherenecessary.■Answers:1)objective 2)current 3)adopt 4)exhibit 5)capture6)integrated 7)outstanding 8)strategies 9)convince 10)striving/strive11)diagnosed 12)side 13)spaced 14)thick 15)painful16)eventually17)fascinating18)confidence 19)label 20)creations2.Intheboxesbelowaresomeoftheexpressionsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouunderstandtheirmeanings?Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.■Answers:1)atrest 2)droppedout 3)dryingout 4)dropin5)dawnedon 6)fallsaway 7)drownedout 8)onthesidelines 9)fallingout 10)startover 11)losefaith 12)signoff▆IncreasingYourWordPowerFillineachblankinthefollowingsentenceswithaproperprepositiongiveninthebox.▆Answers:1)with2)to3)with4)on5)at6)with7)from8)beyond9)from10)on11)for12）toStudytheuseofbutindifferentcontextsandthendothetaskthatfollows.▆Answersforreference:1)Whatcanwedobutsitandwaitforapassingcartobringustoacitynearby?Heliedtothecourtnotjustonce,butonseveraloccasions.“GonewiththeWind”was/isagreatmovie,butitwas/isalittlelong.4)Ihad/havenochoicebuttoacceptthechallenge.5)Thesituationlooked/looksdesperate,buttheydidn’t/don’twanttogiveup.Butfortheseinterruptions,themeetingwouldhavefinishedearlier.WhoelsebutJohnwouldhaveplayedatricklikethat?ShewasthebestsingerinChinaatthattime.Icouldnotbutadmireher.Themachinesweboughtwerecheap,buttheywentquitewell.Becausehehad/hasasorethroathewas/isunabletoswallowanythingbutliquids.WordBuildingMatcheachoftheEnglishwordsinColumnAwithitsChinesemeaninginColumnB.Youmayconsultadictionaryifnecessary.▆Answers:1)j2)k3)g4)h5)i6)b7)n8)l9)f10)c11)m12)d13)a14)eGrammarinContextTask1:Fillineachblankinthefollowingsentenceswiththeproperformoftheverbgiveninbrackets,payingspecialattentiontotheuseoftheactivevoiceandthepassivevoice.▆Answers:1)bedoneawaywith 2)is/getspunished 3)beingerected4)Havingbeenignored 5)believing 6)tohavesent7)belookedup 8)speak/speaking 9)beinginterviewed 10)takenTask2.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese,payingspecialattentiontothedifferencesinthechoiceoftheverbvoice.▆AnswersforReference:杰克，有你的電話。賀卡上印有“新年快樂”的字樣，在下面還有一條附言。給了他們兩天的時間來為會議作必要的準(zhǔn)備。物體受熱時膨脹。你的筆寫起來很流暢。ClozeCompletethefollowingpassagewithwordschosenfromTextA.Theinitialletterofeachisgiven.■Answers(1)connecting (2)advance (3)significance (4)backwards (5)path(6)well-worn (7)true (8)satisfied (9)believe (10)what(11)settle (12)devastating (13)stumbled (14)destination (15)trapped(16)drownTranslation▆TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninbrackets.▇AnswersforReference:Ijustcan’tfigureherout,she’samysterytome.Hetravelledfromonevillagetoanother,droppinginonfamiliesandlisteningtotheircomplaintsandproblems.JimalwayssideswithJohninanargument.ThenitdawnedonmethattheywerespeakingSpanish.Theyhavetolivewiththeconsequencesoftheirwrongdecision.Hiswordsweredrownedoutbyloudcheersfromthecrowd.Ilookedattheprintedpagebutthewordsmadenosense.W