2023年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)政法大學(xué)考試歷年高頻考點(diǎn)真題薈萃帶答案篇

長(zhǎng)風(fēng)破浪會(huì)有時(shí)，直掛云帆濟(jì)滄海。住在富人區(qū)的她2023年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)政法大學(xué)考試歷年高頻考點(diǎn)真題薈萃帶答案第1卷一.綜合題(共10題)1.單選題Weliveinanincreasinglydeodorizedworld.Inrecentyears,lawshavebeenpassedprohibiting“offensive”bodyodorinpublicspacessuchaslibraries,aswellaspoliciesthatbanthewearingofscentedproductsorperfumestowork.Someofficeemployeesarenotevenallowedtobring“smelly”foodtowork.Asuddenspateofscentedtechnologiespromisestoreversethetrendbysimulatingscentsforconsumers.Althoughscentedtechnologieshavebeenderidedasgimmicks,failinginboththesmellandtechnologycategories,they’reproofthatsomethingisliterallyintheairanditmightevensmelllikerosesemanatingfromawristwatchtotellyouthatit’s3o’clock.MoresophisticatedandambitiousistheoPhone(“o”for“olfactory”).DevelopedbyHarvardengineeringprofessorDavidEdwards,alongwithhisstudentsRachelFieldandAmyYinandahandfulofdesignersandartistsatLeLaboratoirethinktankinParis,theoPhone,initsrealizedstate,willallowuserstosendthescentequivalentofsentencesandparagraphs,thankstooChipsthatcanproducehundredsandeventually,thousandsofodorsignals.Thesequencingcouldcreateanewlanguageofthenose.TheoPhonewillbecommerciallyavailableinthefuture.Scentedtechnologieshavetheirdetractors.Anti-techfolksseethesetechnologiesaspartofanongoingefforttoalienateusfromenjoyinganunmediatedrelationtoreality.(Stopandsmelltherosesonarosebush,theywouldsay,notthesimulated,rose-scentpuffingfromyourphone.)Andthentherearethetechpuristswhoseemtomeasurethedevicesonlyintermsoftheirconventionalutility.Describinganearlyscentedtechnologythatlostfundingthe2001Digiscents’iSmell,whichwassupposedtoconnecttoyourPC’sUSBporttoprovideanolfactorydimensiontotheInternetexperience,awriterforCnameditoneofthe50worstfailsintechhistory,claiming,“Wecan’tseewhyanyonewouldneedoneofthesefatalflaws:Ridiculousconcept.”Butperhapsratherthanseeingattemptsaddingscenttotechnologyasasignofourseparationfromreality,orcomplainingthattheydon’tfulfillanurgentneed,weshouldseetheseeffortsasarapprochementbetweentechnologyandsmell,andatriumphforourolfactorysensethatsomewouldrepress.Freeyournoseandyourmindwillfollow.46.Whichofthefollowinghasgotlegislativeattentionaccordingtothepassage?47.Accordingtothepassage,scentedtechnology______.48.Accordingtothepassage,thenoveltyofoPhoneisthat______.49.Accordingtothepassage,someopposedtothescentedtechnologiesfortheythink______.50.Accordingtothepassage,whatwouldbetheattitudeofthewritertoscentedtechnologies?問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.SmellyfoodB.ScentedproductsC.OffensivebodyodorD.Peoplewearingperfumes問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.hasnotbeenofficiallycategorizedB.hasdonesomethingintheairC.isnotregardedasanewtechnologyD.isregardedassomethingmysterious問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.odorsignalswillberecordedB.noselanguagewillbecreatedC.engineeringandartareunitedD.scentequivalenceareinvented問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.thereisadangertolosefundingB.peopleprefertoliveconventionallyC.rosescentmaynevercomeoutofphonesD.peoplemaylosechancetoenjoyrealitydirectly問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.OptimisticB.RealisticC.RomanticD.Indifferent2.翻譯題Oncampus,youwillquicklydiscoverthatanimportantpartofthecultureisawillingnesstostayengagedwithproblemsandarguments,tokeeppushingforasharedvocabularyandasharedunderstanding.Youwillencounterapost-Enlightenmentsensibility,underwhichmoreandmorecornersofhumanexperiencearesusceptibletocriticalanalysisanddebate.Fewerandfewerdomainsoflifefeellikemattersofpurelypersonaltaste—chocolateorvanilla—thingsthataretruly“just,like,youropinion.”Andyouwillfindyourselfspendingmanyhours,lateatnightandearlyinthemorning,searchingforthatsharedunderstanding.Andhereyouwilldiscoveroneoftheuniversity’sgreatstrengthsasacommunity.Itdoesn’ttakemuchworktosearchforasharedunderstandingwithsomeonewhoisprettymuchlikeyou.Butittakesrealefforttosearchforasharedunderstandingwithsomeonewhoisdifferent.Themostprofoundoptimismunderlyinghighereducationtodayisthesimultaneousrecognitionthat,ontheoneband,differencesofview,background,andperspectivearerealandimportant,and,ontheotherhand,peoplewhoholdthosedifferencescancometogetherforfouryearsonabeautifulhilltop,listentooneanotherwithtoleranceandrespect,andengage.3.單選題Televisionadvertisinghasbeenunderconstantscrutinyforthelastfewyears.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.counterattackB.pressureC.revisionD.examination4.單選題Thelegislativefilibusterisaparliamentarytacticdesignedtodelayorpreventactionbythemajority.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.observanceB.traditionC.ruleD.maneuver5.翻譯題中國(guó)與西方國(guó)家的合作是互利的。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，不僅改善了本國(guó)人民的生活，也為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)提供了新的推動(dòng)力，為發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家提供了更多的商業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。中國(guó)是一個(gè)潛力巨大的新興市場(chǎng)，西方國(guó)家技術(shù)先進(jìn)，資金雄厚，兩者經(jīng)濟(jì)上具有很強(qiáng)的互補(bǔ)性。西方一些國(guó)家對(duì)華采取歧視性的貿(mào)易政策，不僅損人，最終也會(huì)損害自己的利益。6.填空題Directions:Inthispart,youwillreadapassage.Thenusingwordsorphrasesfromthepassagefillintheboxesinthefollowingdiagramtoindicatethepossiblesequencesofeventsbeforeandafteranearthquake.WriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.1.Everyyearearthquakesareresponsibleforalargenumberofdeathsandavastamountofdestructioninvariouspartsoftheworld.MostofthesedamagingearthquakesoccureitherinanarrowbeltwhichsurroundsthePacificOceanorinalinewhichextendsfromBurmatotheAlpsinEurope.Someofthedestructionisdirectlycausedbythequakeitself.Anexampleofthisisthecollapseofbuildingsasaresultofvibration.Otherdamageresultsfromlandslides,tsunamis(largeoceanwaves)ormajorfireswhichareinitiatedbythequake.2.Thereareaboutamillionquakesayear.Fortunately,however,notallofthemaredestructive.TheintensityofanearthquakeismeasuredontheRichterScale,whichgoesfrom0upward.Thehighestmagnituderecordedtodateis8.9.Majordamagegenerallyoccursfromquakesrangingupwardsfrom6.0.Exceptionstothisarethosewhoseepicentersarelocatedfarfrominhabitedareas.3.Theactualcauseofthequakeitselfistherupturingorbreakingofrocksatorbelowtheearth’ssurface.Thisisproducedbypressurewhichscientistsbelievemaybeduetoanumberofreasons,twoofwhicharetheexpansionandcontractionoftheearth’scrustandcontinentaldrift.4.Inordertominimizethedamageandtoalleviatesomeofthesufferingresultingfromearthquakes,scientistsareworkingonwaystoenableaccurateprediction.Twooftheinstrumentspresentlyinusetoachievethisgoalareseismographsandtiltmeters.Theformerrecordsanyshakingoftheearth;bymeansofcalculationsseismologistscanaccuratelyindicatetheexacttime,locationandsizeofanearthquake.Thelatter,asthenamesuggests,isusedtorecordanychangesinthetiltoftheland.7.單選題Themegaphonemakesthevoicesoundbecauseitpointssoundwavesinonedirectionandkeepsthemfromspreadingoutinalldirections.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.slitheringB.interferingC.radiatingD.murmuring8.單選題Thegoodnewsisthatcreativitytrainingthatalignswiththenewscienceworkssurprisinglywell.TheUniversityofOklahoma,theUniversityofGeorgia,andTaiwan’sNationalChengchiUniversityeachindependentlyconductedalarge-scaleanalysisofsuchprograms.Allthreeteamsofscholarsconcludedthatcreativitytrainingcanhaveastrongeffect.“Creativitycanbetaught.”saysJamesC.Kaufman,professoratCaliforniaStateUniversity,SanBernardino.What’scommonaboutsuccessfulprogramsistheyalternatemaximumdivergentthinkingwithboutsofintenseconvergentthinking,throughseveralstages.Realimprovementdoesn’thappeninaweekendworkshop.Butwhenappliedtotheeverydayprocessofworkorschool,brainfunctionimproves.SowhatdoesthismeanforAmerica’sstandards-obsessedschools?Thekeyisinhowkidsworkthroughthevastcatalogofinformation.ConsidertheNationalInventorsHallofFameSchool,anewpublicmiddleschoolinAkron,Ohio.MindfulofOhio’scurriculumrequirements,theschool’steacherscameupwithaprojectforthefifthgraders:figureouthowtoreducethenoiseinthelibrary.Itswindowsfacedapublicspaceand,evenwhenclosed,letthroughtoomuchnoise.Thestudentshadfourweekstodesignproposals.Workinginsmallteams,thefifthgradersfirstengagedinwhatcreativitytheoristDonaldTreffingerdescribesasfact-finding.Howdoessoundtravelthroughmaterials?Whatmaterialsreducenoisethemost?Then,problemfinding—anticipatingallpotentialpitfallssotheirdesignsaremorelikelytowork.Next,idea-findinggenerateasmanyideasaspossible.Drapes,plants,orlargekiteshungfromtheceilingwouldallbafflesound.Or,insteadofreducingthesound,maybemaskitbyplayingthesoundofgentlewaterfall?Aproposalfordouble-panedglassevolvedintoanideatofillthespacebetweenpaneswithwater.Next,solution-finding:whichideaswerethemosteffective,cheapest,andaestheticallypleasing?Fiberglassabsorbedsoundthebestbutwouldn’tbesafe.Wouldanaquariumwithfishbeeasierthanwater-filledpanes?Thenteamsdevelopedaplanofaction.Theybuiltscalemodelsandchosefabricsamples.Theyrealizedthey’dneedtopersuadeajanitortocarefortheplantsandfishduringvacation.Teamspersuadedotherstosupportthem—sometimessowell,teamsdecidedtocombineprojects.Finally,theypresenteddesignstoteachers,parents,andJimWest,inventoroftheelectricmicrophone.51.Thegoodnewsaboutthethreeteams’conclusionisthat______.52.Accordingtothepassagetheimprovementofdivergentandconvergentthinkingtakeplace______.53.ThesubjectsoftheprojectinanAmerica’sstandards-obsessedschoolare______.54.Accordingtotheauthor,theteamsintheschoolprojecthavegonethroughthefollowingstepsexcept______.55.WhatwasindicatedfromthetactthattheteamspresenteddesignstoJimWest,inventoroftheelectricmicrophone?問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.large-scaleanalysishasbeenconductedB.threeuniversitiesallreachedtheirconclusionsC.creativetrainingcoincidewithnewscienceworksD.creativetrainingcanbestronglyaffected問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.indifferentstagesB.duringexperimentC.onweekendworkshopD.inroutineworkorschool問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.thefifthgradersB.thescientistsC.thewindowsD.theproposals問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.findingfactsB.findingplansC.findingideasD.findingsolutions問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.Theteamsneedtomakeaconsultation.B.Theteamswouldliketopersuadehim.C.Thedesignsoftheteamsreachedahighlevel.D.Thedesignsoftheteamsgothissupport.9.單選題Doyourememberallthoseyearswhenscientistsarguedthatsmokingwouldkillusbutthedoubtersinsistedthatwedidn’tknowforsure?Thattheevidencewasinconclusive;thescienceuncertain?Thattheantismokinglobbywasouttodestroyourwayoflifeandthegovernmentshouldstayoutoftheway?LotsofAmericansboughtthatnonsense,andoverthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves.Thereareupsettingparallelstoday,asscientistsinonewaveafteranothertrytoawakenustothegrowingthreatofglobalwarming.ThelatestwasapanelfromtheNational.AcademyofSciences,enlistedbytheWhiteHouse,totellusthattheEarth’satmosphereisdefinitelywarmingandthattheproblemislargelyman-made.Theclearmessageisthatweshouldgetmovingtoprotectourselves.ThepresidentoftheNationalAcademy.BruceAlberts,addedthiskeypointintheprefacetothepanel’sreport,“Scienceneverhasalltheanswers.Butsciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture,anditiscriticalthatournationandtheworldbaseimportantpoliciesonthebestjudgmentsthatsciencecanprovideconcerningthefutureconsequencesofpresentactions”.Justasonsmoking,voicesnowcomefrommanyquartersinsistingthatthescienceaboutglobalwarmingisincomplete,thatit’sOKtokeeppouringfumesintotheairuntilweknowforsure.Thisisadangerousgame:bythetime100percentoftheevidenceisin,itmaybetoolate.Withtherisksobviousandgrowing,prudentpeoplewouldtakeoutaninsurancepolicynow.Fortunately,theWhiteHouseisstartingtopayattention.Butit’sobviousthatamajorityofthepresident’sadvisersstilldon’ttakeglobalwarmingseriously.Insteadofaplanofaction,theycontinuetopressformoreresearch—aclassiccaseof“paralysisbyanalysis.”Toserveasresponsiblestewardsoftheplanet,wemustpressforwardondeeperatmosphericandoceanicresearch.Butresearchaloneisinadequate.IftheAdministrationwon’ttakethelegislativeinitiative,Congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.AbillbyDemocraticSenatorRobertByrdofWestVirginia,whichwouldofferfinancialincentivesforprivateindustry,isapromisingstart.Manyseethatthecountryisgettingreadytobuildlotsofnewpowerplantstomeetourenergyneeds.Ifweareevergoingtoprotecttheatmosphere,itiscrucialthatthosenewplantsbeenvironmentallysound.56.Anargumentmadebysupportersofsmokingwasthat______.57.AccordingtoBruceAlberts,sciencecanserveas______.58.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“paralysisbyanalysis”(Lastline,Paragraph4)?59.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldtheAdministrationdoaboutglobalwarming?60.Theauthorassociatestheissueofglobalwarmingwiththatofsmokingbecause______.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.therewasnoscientificevidenceofthecorrelationbetweensmokinganddeathB.thenumberofearlydeathsofsmokersinthepastdecadeswasinsignificantC.peoplehadthefreedomtochoosetheirownwayoflifeD.antismokingpeoplewereusuallytalkingnonsense問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.aguideB.ajudgeC.acriticD.aprotector問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.Prudentplanninghindersprogress.B.Carefulinvestigationrevealstruth.C.Endlessstudieskillaction.D.Extensiveresearchhelpsdecision-making.問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.Offeraidtobuildcleanerpowerplants.B.Raisepublicawarenessofconservation.C.Takesomelegislativemeasures.D.Pressforfurtherscientificresearch.問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.theybothsufferedfromthegovernment’snegligenceB.alessonfromthelatterisapplicabletotheformerC.theoutcomeofthelatteraggravatestheformerD.bothofthemhaveturnedfrombadtoworse10.單選題Sheaskedhimwhathethoughtofher______dress.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.greenprettylittleB.littlegreenprettyC.prettylittlegreenD.prettygreenlittle第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】第1題:C第2題:A第3題:B第4題:D第5題:A【解析】46.【試題答案】C【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干的意思是“下列哪一項(xiàng)受到法律關(guān)注？”。第一段提到Inrecentyears,lawshavebeenpassedprohibiting“offensive”bodyodorinpublicspacessuchaslibraries,aswellaspoliciesthatbanthewearingofscentedproductsorperfumestowork.Someofficeemployeesarenotevenallowedtobring“smelly”foodtowork.（最近幾年，政府通過(guò)了一些法律，禁止在圖書館等公共場(chǎng)所散發(fā)“令人厭惡的”體臭，還出臺(tái)了一些政策，禁止在上班時(shí)使用有香味的產(chǎn)品或香水。有些辦公室員工甚至不允許帶“有味道”的食物去上班），由此可知，受到法律禁止和關(guān)注的是offensivebodyodor，其他選項(xiàng)雖然有提及，但是只是一些政策，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。47.【試題答案】A【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干的意思是“氣味技術(shù)是怎樣的？”。從第二段第二句話中failinginboththesmellandtechnologycategories（嗅覺和技術(shù)都不過(guò)關(guān)），可以得知?dú)馕都夹g(shù)并沒有被正式的定位它的類別，它在氣味和技術(shù)行業(yè)類別中都沒有得到認(rèn)可；B項(xiàng)“對(duì)空氣做了點(diǎn)什么”，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)是通過(guò)一些氣味信號(hào)來(lái)使人感覺到氣味，沒有對(duì)空氣做什么；C項(xiàng)“沒有被視為一種新科技”，文中只是說(shuō)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)被認(rèn)為是玩笑，但是有研究團(tuán)隊(duì)研究；D項(xiàng)“被視為某種神秘的東西”，沒有提到。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。48.【試題答案】B【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干的意思是“oPhone的新穎之處在哪里？”。從第三段倒數(shù)第二句Thesequencingcouldcreateanewlanguageofnose（氣味信號(hào)的排序可以創(chuàng)造一門新的鼻子語(yǔ)言），可以看出oPhone可以創(chuàng)造出一種鼻子語(yǔ)言；題干問(wèn)“oPhone的新穎之處是什么”，A項(xiàng)“氣味信號(hào)將被記錄”、C項(xiàng)“工程和藝術(shù)是統(tǒng)一的”和D項(xiàng)“發(fā)明了氣味等效”均不是它的新穎之處，所以B選項(xiàng)最符合題意。49.【試題答案】D【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干的意思是“這些對(duì)氣味技術(shù)持反對(duì)的人認(rèn)為……？”。根據(jù)第四段第二句Anti-techfolksseethesetechnologiesaspartofanongoingefforttoalienateusfromenjoyinganunmediatedrelationtoreality.（反對(duì)者們認(rèn)為這樣的技術(shù)將會(huì)把我們與現(xiàn)實(shí)世界隔離）；可知反對(duì)者認(rèn)為人們會(huì)直接脫離現(xiàn)實(shí)。A項(xiàng)“失去資金的危險(xiǎn)”沒有提到，B項(xiàng)“人們更喜歡傳統(tǒng)的生活”，文中只提到Andthentherearethetechpuristswhoseemtomeasurethedevicesonlyintermsoftheirconventionalutility.（一些技術(shù)純粹主義者，他們似乎只根據(jù)這些設(shè)備的傳統(tǒng)用途來(lái)衡量它們），沒有提及傳統(tǒng)生活；C項(xiàng)“玫瑰香味從來(lái)不會(huì)從手機(jī)里面?zhèn)鞒鰜?lái)”，根據(jù)句子Stopandsmelltherosesonarosebush,theywouldsay,notthesimulated,rose-scentpuffingfromyourphone.（他們會(huì)說(shuō)，停下來(lái)，聞聞玫瑰叢上的玫瑰，而不是手機(jī)里模擬的玫瑰香味）可知，氣味技術(shù)是通過(guò)香味模擬而傳達(dá)氣味，反對(duì)者用玫瑰的例子只是來(lái)說(shuō)明人們會(huì)與現(xiàn)實(shí)脫離。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。50.【試題答案】A【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干的意思是“作者對(duì)這項(xiàng)氣味技術(shù)的態(tài)度是什么？”。最后一段指出But…,weshouldseetheseeffortsasarapprochementbetweentechnologyandsmell,andatriumphforourolfactorysensethatsomewouldrepress.Freeyournoseandyourmindwillfollow.（或許我們不應(yīng)該把氣味添加到技術(shù)中的嘗試看作是我們脫離現(xiàn)實(shí)的標(biāo)志，或者抱怨它們不能滿足我們的迫切需求，但是我們應(yīng)該把這些努力看作是對(duì)科技和氣味友好關(guān)系的建立，是被壓制的嗅覺的一種勝利；隨之而來(lái)的是你的鼻子和心靈的自由）；由這一段話可以得出作者對(duì)這樣的技術(shù)是持支持的態(tài)度，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。2.【答案】參考譯文：在校園，你將很快發(fā)現(xiàn)校園文化的一個(gè)重要組成部分，那就是愿意面對(duì)問(wèn)題和爭(zhēng)論，為共享的詞匯和共享的理解而不斷努力。你們將面對(duì)后啟蒙時(shí)代的感性，在這種感性力量下，人類經(jīng)驗(yàn)中越來(lái)越多的角落容易受到批判性分析和辯論的影響。生活中越來(lái)越少的領(lǐng)域感覺像純粹個(gè)人品味的事情，例如選擇巧克力味或香草味，這些事情才是真正的“只是你的觀點(diǎn)”。你將發(fā)現(xiàn)自己會(huì)為了尋求共享的理解而花很多時(shí)間，通宵達(dá)旦。你將發(fā)現(xiàn)大學(xué)作為一個(gè)團(tuán)體的偉大力量之一。和一個(gè)與你相似的人達(dá)成共同的理解并不需很大的工夫，但是要和一個(gè)與你不同的人達(dá)成共識(shí)就不是什么容易的事了?，F(xiàn)今的高等教育最值得樂觀的一點(diǎn)是，同時(shí)意識(shí)到了這兩個(gè)方面：一是不同的看法、背景和觀點(diǎn)很重要；二是那些持有不同觀點(diǎn)的人們能相聚在一起，在一個(gè)美麗的山頂共處四年，相互容忍，相互尊重和相互影響。3.【答案】D【解析】考查名詞辨析。scrutiny表示“詳細(xì)審查”；A項(xiàng)counterattack“反擊，反攻”，B項(xiàng)pressure“壓力”，C項(xiàng)revision“修訂，修正”，D項(xiàng)examination“檢查，查問(wèn)”。句意：在過(guò)去數(shù)年里，電視廣告一直不斷受到詳細(xì)審查。因此D項(xiàng)正確。4.【答案】D【解析】考查名詞辨析。tactic表示“戰(zhàn)略，策略”。A項(xiàng)observance“慣例，儀式”，B項(xiàng)tradition“傳統(tǒng)”，C項(xiàng)rule“統(tǒng)治，規(guī)則”，D項(xiàng)maneuver“演習(xí)，策略”。句意：立法阻撓議事是一種議會(huì)策略，旨在拖延或阻止多數(shù)人采取行動(dòng)。根據(jù)題意該題選D。5.【答案】參考譯文：ThecooperationoftheWestandChinaismutuallybeneficialtoeachother.TheeconomicdevelopmentofChinanotonlyimprovethequalityofnative’slife,butalsogivenewimpetustoworldeconomyandprovidemoreopportunitiesforthedevelopedcountriesinbusiness.Chinaisanemergingmarketwithgreatpotential,whileWesterncountrieshaveadvancedtechnologyandabundantcapital,bothofwhicharehighlycomplementaryineconomy.SomewesterncountriesadoptdiscriminatorytradepoliciesagainstChina,whichwillnotonlydoesharmtoothers,butalsodoesharmtotheirowninterestsintheend.6.【答案】66.pressure67.seismographs68.shakingoftheearth69.tiltmeters70.changesinthetiltoftheland【解析】66.根據(jù)第三段最后一句Thisisproducedbypressurewhichscientistsbelievemaybeduetoanumberofreasons,twoofwhicharetheexpansionandcontractionoftheearth’scrustandcontinentaldrift.（這是由科學(xué)家認(rèn)為可能是由許多原因造成的壓力產(chǎn)生的，其中兩個(gè)是地殼的膨脹和收縮以及大陸漂移。），由此可知expansionandcontractionoftheearth（地殼的膨脹和收縮）和continentaldrift（大陸漂移）是pressure(壓力)。67.根據(jù)第四段第二句Twooftheinstrumentspresentlyinusetoachievethisgoalareseismographsandtiltmeters.（目前用于實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的儀器有地震儀和傾斜儀。）可知，空格應(yīng)填入seismographs。68.根據(jù)第四段第三句Theformerrecordsanyshakingoftheearth（地震儀是用來(lái)記錄地殼的任何震動(dòng)）可知，空格應(yīng)填入shakingoftheearth。69.根據(jù)第四段第二句Twooftheinstrumentspresentlyinusetoachievethisgoalareseismographsandtiltmeters.（目前用于實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的儀器有地震儀和傾斜儀。）可知，空格應(yīng)填入tiltmeters。70.根據(jù)第四段最后一句Thelatter,asthenamesuggests,isusedtorecordanychangesinthetiltoftheland.（傾斜儀，顧名思義，是用來(lái)記錄土地傾斜的任何變化。）可知，空格應(yīng)填入changesinthetiltoftheland。7.【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。spreadout表示“展開，伸張”。A項(xiàng)slither“使滑動(dòng)”，B項(xiàng)interfere“干涉，妨礙”，C項(xiàng)radiate“輻射，發(fā)射”，D項(xiàng)murmur“低聲說(shuō)”。句意：擴(kuò)音器之所以能發(fā)出聲音，是因?yàn)樗崖暡ㄖ赶蛞粋€(gè)方向，防止它們向四面八方擴(kuò)散。根據(jù)題意該題選C。8.【答案】第1題:C第2題:D第3題:D第4題:B第5題:A【解析】51.【試題答案】C【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干的意思是“關(guān)于這三個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的結(jié)論，好消息是什么？”。從第一段Thegoodnewsisthatcreativitytrainingthatalignswiththenewscienceworkssurprisinglywell.（好消息是與技術(shù)學(xué)結(jié)盟的創(chuàng)造性訓(xùn)練效果出乎意料的好）和后面三個(gè)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)得出的結(jié)論Creativitycanbetaught.（創(chuàng)造力可以被教授），可以得出關(guān)于這三個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的結(jié)論的好消息是創(chuàng)造性訓(xùn)練與新的科技相吻合；A選項(xiàng)“進(jìn)行了大規(guī)模分析”和B選項(xiàng)“三個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)都得出了結(jié)論”不是關(guān)于結(jié)論的好消息，D選項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)造力能夠被強(qiáng)烈的影響”不夠具體，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。52.【試題答案】D【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干的意思是“分散和聚合思維發(fā)生在哪里？”。第二段提到Realimprovementdoesn’thappeninaweekendworkshop.Butwhenappliedtotheeverydayprocessofworkorschool,brainfunctionimproves.（真正的進(jìn)步不會(huì)發(fā)生在周末的研討會(huì)上。但如果應(yīng)用到日常工作或?qū)W習(xí)過(guò)程中，大腦功能就會(huì)得到提高）；由此推斷分散和聚合思維發(fā)生在日常工作和學(xué)習(xí)中，A項(xiàng)“不同階段”沒有提到；B項(xiàng)“實(shí)驗(yàn)中”包括在學(xué)校工作里面；C項(xiàng)“周末研討會(huì)”錯(cuò)誤。因此D項(xiàng)正確。53.【試題答案】D【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干的意思是“課題的主題是什么？”。第三段提到theschool’steacherscameupwithaprojectforthefifthgraders:figureouthowtoreducethenoiseinthelibrary.Itswindowsfacedapublicspaceand,evenwhenclosed,letthroughtoomuchnoise.Thestudentshadfourweekstodesignproposals.（學(xué)校的老師們給五年級(jí)的學(xué)生們提出了一個(gè)課題：如何減少圖書館的噪音。它的窗戶面向公共空間，即使關(guān)上了仍然有很大的噪音。學(xué)生們有四周的時(shí)間來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)方案）；由此可知課題是就如何減少圖書館的噪音做方案。A項(xiàng)是“五年級(jí)”，B項(xiàng)是“科學(xué)家”，C項(xiàng)是“窗戶”，D項(xiàng)是“方案”；因此D項(xiàng)正確。54.【試題答案】B【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干的意思是“根據(jù)作者，在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目中，五年級(jí)學(xué)生團(tuán)隊(duì)做以下幾個(gè)步驟除了……以外？”。第四段講述的都是五年級(jí)團(tuán)隊(duì)為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目所做的一些行動(dòng)，文中提到了fact-finding,problem-finding,idea-finding和solution-finding，由此可知只有B項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)計(jì)劃”沒有提到，所以此題選B選項(xiàng)。55.【試題答案】A【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干的意思是“小組把設(shè)計(jì)方案提交給JimWest暗示了什么？”。最后一段指出Teamspersuadedotherstosupportthem—sometimessowell,teamsdecidedtocombineprojects.Finally,theypresenteddesignstoteachers,parents,andJimWest,inventoroftheelectricmicrophone.（團(tuán)隊(duì)說(shuō)服了其他團(tuán)隊(duì)支持他們，有時(shí)候情況好到各團(tuán)隊(duì)決定把設(shè)計(jì)方案結(jié)合在一起；最后，他們向老師、家長(zhǎng)和電子麥克風(fēng)的發(fā)明者吉姆?韋斯特（JimWest）展示了設(shè)計(jì)方案），可以推測(cè)，他們是想要咨詢老師，父母和JimWest的意見，