語法填空技巧

語法填空題型解析&答題技巧題型特點1.語法填空題共10小題，每小題1.5分。2.語言材料在200字左右，留10空；有提示詞7空，無提示詞3空。3.無提示詞空只能填1詞。4.答題時間10分鐘左右。第二節(jié)

(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入

1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。2017新課標1卷Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity（醫(yī)學(xué)界）61

amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside62(effect)

suchasoverweightandheartdisease—theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired63(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt

64(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.As

65result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even

66(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood

67(be)fulloffatandsalt;by68(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃點心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be69(care)nottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,70

isnotgoodforthehealth.2017新課標2卷In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible__61__(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand___62__word.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,____63___(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover___64___top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.Steamengines___65__(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen___66__(fair)unpleasantforthepasssengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing___67__everyday.Later,engineers____68___(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧道）,whichbecameknowntothetube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe___69___(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.ThecentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost___70___(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.2017新課標3卷Shelookslikeanyotherschoolgirl,fresh-facedandfulloflife.SarahThomasislookingforwardtochallengeofhernewA-levelcourse.Butunlikeschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term

61(real)Instead,sheisearning$6500adayas62

modelinNewYork.Sarah63(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snewsupermodelearningamilliondollarsinthenewyear.HerfatherPeter44,wanthertogiveupschooltomodelfulltimeButSarah,64hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodelswants

65(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeautysheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher66(educate).Shehasturneddownseveral67(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudiesAfterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfulltimebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree

68

engineeringorarchitecture.Sarahsays,"MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school

69(come)first.Idon'twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.Itis70(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.Idon'twanttohavenothingelsetofallbackonwhenIcan'tmodelmymore."考點分析1、無提示詞冠詞空代詞空介詞空連詞空2、有提示詞動詞名詞形容詞3無提示-4動詞-3其他2017新課標1卷Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity（醫(yī)學(xué)界）61

amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside62(effect)

suchasoverweightandheartdisease—theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired63(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt

64(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.As

65result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even

66(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood

67(be)fulloffatandsalt;by68(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃點心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be69(care)nottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,70

isnotgoodforthehealth.2017新課標2卷In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible__61__(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand___62__word.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,____63___(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover___64___top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.Steamengines___65__(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen___66__(fair)unpleasantforthepasssengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing___67__everyday.Later,engineers____68___(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧道）,whichbecameknowntothetube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe___69___(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.ThecentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost___70___(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.2017新課標3卷Shelookslikeanyotherschoolgirl,fresh-facedandfulloflife.SarahThomasislookingforwardtochallengeofhernewA-levelcourse.Butunlikeschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term

61(real)Instead,sheisearning$6500adayas62

modelinNewYork.Sarah63(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snewsupermodelearningamilliondollarsinthenewyear.HerfatherPeter44,wanthertogiveupschooltomodelfulltimeButSarah,64hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodelswants

65(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeautysheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher66(educate).Shehasturneddownseveral67(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudiesAfterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfulltimebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree

68

engineeringorarchitecture.Sarahsays,"MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school

69(come)first.Idon'twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.Itis70(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.Idon'twanttohavenothingelsetofallbackonwhenIcan'tmodelmymore."無提示詞冠詞空a/an/the不定冠詞最?？加梅ǎ狠o音a，元音an，常指一什么什么；用于可數(shù)單數(shù)名詞前面。The的?？加梅ǎ禾刂?、二提、都知道，序數(shù)、唯一、與最高；樂器和發(fā)明，方位和習(xí)語固定搭配。零冠詞不考！解題思路：冠詞+(adj.)+n（2014?新課標I）nowyears

later,thisriverisoneof____mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalcleanup.book6module5Frankenstein,____youngscientist,discoversthesecretofhowtocreatlifewhilestudyingatuniversity.代詞空ithe,she,they,him,them，himself,myself,（句意）it指代天氣、時間、地點、距離、不確定的人、形式主賓語2014廣東卷Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaid_____wasawonderfulholidaydestination.解題思路：句型：it's+adj+forsb+todofindit+adj+todo賓語從句、肯定、無主語考慮用it

介詞空固定搭配（atwar,byaccident,inadvance,indemand,onpurpose,outofcontrol,intermsof,inadditionto)2013廣東卷Theonlyreasonamanwouldsellsalt

___alowerpricewouldbebecausehewasdesperateformoney－連詞空：1.并列連詞并列，遞進and轉(zhuǎn)折but,however選擇or對比while

2.從屬連詞狀語從句so/becausealthough/whe/

if主謂+連詞+主謂。(前后句邏輯關(guān)系）

（2016成都三診)Andres，aprofessoratArizonStateUniversity,saysitisimportanttorespectChinesecultureandexpectsthelanguagetogrow._________，hesaysEnglishwillstillremainthegloballanguage.連詞空：2.從屬連詞名詞性從句if/whether(是否）/特詞/what```定語從句who/which/that```

從句缺什么用什么，主從都缺用whatInLanzhouIvisitedafactory________everythingwasverysimple,includingitsequipmentandthedirector'soffice,yetthefactoryturnedoutquitegoodproducts.

Iplantedtodoistospendholidayswithmyfamily.有提示詞1.謂語動詞提示詞為動詞時第一步：缺謂語-考慮謂動----語態(tài)時態(tài)人稱第二步：不缺---考慮非謂動todo(主動、未做）

doing(主動、進行）

done(被動、完成）第三步：變形容詞doing/done

情緒、情感動詞v-ing/v-ed

第四步；動詞變名詞有提示詞1.謂語動詞提示詞為動詞時，先看本句是否有謂語，沒有，則根據(jù)句義確定語態(tài)；接下來再比較相鄰數(shù)句的時態(tài)的一致性確定時態(tài)，最后考慮人稱。2016成都一診Mr.Gove'smotherdidn'tknowhersonwascausingtroubleatschoolandshe__(say):"hewouldhavebeenpunishedifihadknownhewasbeingsonaughty."2.非謂語動詞1)提示詞為動詞時，先看本句是否有謂語，有，則該空填非謂語動詞，接下來判斷該動詞與邏輯主語之間的關(guān)系是主動還是被動關(guān)系（主動v-ing,被動v-ed)，表示將來或目的(主動)則填todo.介詞后用動名詞v-ing或名詞.2016成都三診———（see)asamoreneitral(中立的）languagetolearn,Englishisnotassociatedwithonecoutry.seen非謂語動詞注意事項固定搭配靠記憶介詞to還是不定式to需鑒別判定動詞與邏輯主語之間的主動或被動關(guān)系十分重要3.動詞變形容詞表達情緒、情感的動詞變形容詞有v-ing和v-ed兩者形式;v-ing令（別）人···的；v-ed（自己）感到···的表達行為動作的動詞變形容詞；v-ing表主動，進行；v-ed表被動，完成amovingfilmadevelopedcountry4.動詞變名詞二.名詞提示詞為名詞時：1.單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)2.名詞變形容詞

冠詞+形容詞+名詞系動詞+表語（adj.)三.形容詞變比較級或最高級有than，或暗含比較，注意是否是不規(guī)則比較級變否定形式形容詞變名詞形容詞變副詞副詞修飾動詞，副詞修飾形容詞2016成都三診Besides,Chineseisamoredifficultlanguagetolearn.TheU.SForeignSerciceInstitutepointsoutthatitwilltakeanativeEnglishspeaker2,200hourstoreach______(profession)fluencyinChinese.professional2016成都三診Much_____(simple)asChinesegrammaris,Chinesehasatoneandwritingsystemthatismoredifficultforlearn2014新課標Andthepassengers______(sudden)becamefriendlytooneanother.erstomaster.simpler2016成都一診ButwhenIdo______(eventual)speaktohim,Iwilltellhimagoodsorry.eventually注意事項注意前綴和后綴前綴改變詞義，后綴改變詞性注意常用詞匯之間詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換，如形容詞--名詞；形容詞--副詞；動詞---名詞同學(xué)們常見問題1..對基礎(chǔ)語法掌握不準

(不知道成分、不會找意群）2.對詞匯的詞性變化反應(yīng)不靈敏3.忽視語篇語境和上下文的邏輯關(guān)系4.對固定搭配，固定句型不熟悉5.對文章結(jié)構(gòu)分析不清楚6.對元音，輔音因素分辨不清解題步驟1.通讀全文、了解大意、弄清文章結(jié)構(gòu)。理解文章主旨，作者觀點，意圖，注意句與句之間的關(guān)系，時態(tài)語態(tài)變換等問題。2.理解句意，分析結(jié)構(gòu)，找出成分，注意聯(lián)系確定句子的成分，注意各成分之間的關(guān)系，注意上下文提示，注意詞性，單復(fù)數(shù)，還有單詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。注意事項：一次兌換，一個單詞或越少越好，注意拼寫正確，書寫工整。謝謝3.