北京市海淀區(qū)高一下學(xué)期期末英語試題

海淀區(qū)高一年級練習(xí)英語考生須知：1.本試卷共8頁，共四部分，51道小題。滿分100分。考試時間90分鐘。2.在試卷和答題紙上準(zhǔn)確填寫學(xué)校名稱、班級名稱、姓名。3.試題答案一律填涂或書寫在答題紙上，在試卷上作答無效。4.在答題紙上，選擇題用2B鉛筆作答，其余題用黑色字跡簽字筆作答。5.考試結(jié)束，請將本試卷和答題紙一并交回。第一部分：聽力理解（共三節(jié)，20分)第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題1分，共4分）聽下面4段對話。每段對話后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你將有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話你將聽一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttobuy?A.Amobilephone.B.Abicycle.C.Abasketball.2.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Movefast.B.Buysomedrink.C.Saveherplace.3.WhatwillthespeakersdoonSaturday?A.Gosailing.B.Goswimming.C.Gowaterskiing.4.Whatdoesthewomanliketoeat?A.BurgersandFrenchfries.B.Burgersandsalads.C.Burgerswithcheese.第二節(jié)（共8小題；每小題1分，共8分）聽下面4段材料。每段材料后有幾道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段材料前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀每小題。聽完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段材料你將聽兩遍。聽第5段材料，回答第5至6題。5.Whydoesthemanfeelupset?A.Becausehelostthegame.B.Becausehewashitbyaball.C.Becausehefailedtogodancing.6.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo？A.Relaxmore.B.Believeinhimself.C.Takethegameseriously.聽第6段材料，回答第7至8題。7.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobuildforherschoolproject？A.Amodelhouse.B.Amodelcar.C.Abookshelf.8.Whatshouldthewomandofirstaccordingtotheman？A.Drawupadesign.B.Collectoldboxes.C.Createamodel.聽第7段材料，回答第9至10題。9.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace？A.Inajobinterview.B.Atanewsstudio.C.Onatalkshow.10.Whatdoweknowabouttheman？A.Hehasbeenactingformanyyears.B.Hehasmademorethan80films.C.Hewillretireinthenearfuture.聽第8段材料，回答第11至12題。11.Whatisthemostimportantrequirementtojointheclub?A.Tobekind.B.Tobebrave.C.Tobesocial.12.Whatdoestheclubmainlyfocuson？A.Gatheringstudentstobeclosetonature.B.Offeringchancestomakenewfriends.C.Organizingsomeoutdooractivities.第三節(jié)（共4小題；每小題2分，共8分）聽下面一段材料，完成第13至16四道小題，每小題僅填寫1個詞。聽材料前，你將有20秒鐘的時間閱讀試題，聽完后你將有60秒鐘的作答時間。這段材料你將聽兩遍。WaystoStayPositiveThinkaboutthegoodthings■Fightoffthenegative13■WorrylessandenjoylifemoreEat14andstayfit■Directlyaffecthowyoufeelontheoutside■15yourmentalandphysicalwell-beingBekindtoothers■Makeyoufeelgreat■Puta16onyourface第二部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。AGood-luckDumplingWhenIwasinmymiddleage,somethingterriblehappenedtome.AsIwasawayfrom___1___foralmostayear,mywifeandchildrenwereextremelyworried.Andmymother,alreadyinhereighties,wasontheedgeofanervousbreakdown.OntheeveoftheSpringFestival,Iwasfinallyallowedtoreturnhome.Motherlookedatme,hereyesfilledwith___2___.Butsoonshesaid,“Let’sstartmakingdumplingsfortheFestival.”Andthenanidea___3___her,“Let’sputinacoinandmakeagood-luckdumpling.Whoevereatsitwillbeblessed(有福).”Whilemakingthegood-luckdumplingmymothersecretlymadea(n)___4___onit.Shepretendednothinghadhappened,butthetrickdidn’tescapemy___5___.AfterMotherboiledthedumplingsallbyherself,sheputthegood-luckdumplingontopoftheothersinabowlonpurposeandpushedthebowltome.Feelingloved,Istaredatherin___6___eyes.Ihadthoughtitwouldgiveheralovelysurpriseifsheatethegood-luckdumpling.Takingtheopportunitywhenshewenttothekitchen,Iputthedumplingintoherbowl.Obviously,whenMotherreturned,shedidn’t___7___itandwentoneatingwithhereyesonmeallthetime.“Ouch!”suddenlyshecriedout.Thecoinhadhurtherteeth.“Oh,Grannyisblessed”,mywife___8___.“I...howcome?”Motherwas___9___.Justatthatmoment,thecoinfelloutofhermouth.SoIjoinedmywifeandchildren,“Grannyisblessed!Motherisblessed!”Motherburstintolaughter,andthentears,asmywifeandI____10____withherallhersadnessandjoy.1.A.market B.office C.factory D.home2.A.disbelief B.curiosity C.horror D.calm3A.interested B.impressed C.struck D.changed4.A.mark B.decision C.try D.note5.A.hands B.mind C.lips D.eyes6.A.anxious B.sorrowful C.grateful D.sincere7.A.take B.notice C.accept D.permit8.A.argued B.cheered C.warned D.suggested9.A.touched B.inspired C.confused D.attracted10.A.shared B.discussed C.remembered D.found【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.A5.D6.C7.B8.B9.C10.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了離家很久的作者，在返回家中時，思念成疾的母親為他做幸運餃子的感人故事。【1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于我離家將近一年了，我的妻子和孩子們都非常擔(dān)心。A.market市場；B.office辦公室；C.factory工廠；D.home家。根據(jù)下文“OntheeveoftheSpringFestival,Iwasfinallyallowedtoreturnhome.”可知，在春節(jié)前夕，我終于獲準(zhǔn)回家了，所以此處是說我離開家已將近一年，我的妻子和孩子們都非常擔(dān)心。故選D項?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：母親看著我，眼里充滿了懷疑。A.disbelief懷疑；B.curiosity好奇；C.horror榮耀；D.calm平靜。根據(jù)上文“Andmymother,alreadyinhereighties,wasontheedgeofanervousbreakdown.”可知，我離家近一年，母親非常想念我，所以在我返回到家中時，她難以置信我回來了。故選A項?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后她想到了一個主意：“我們放一枚硬幣，做一個幸運餃子。誰吃到，誰就有福氣?！盇.interested使……感興趣；B.impressed對……印象深刻；C.struck擊中；D.changed改變。根據(jù)上文“Let’sstartmakingdumplingsfortheFestival.”可知，母親開始只是要為春節(jié)做餃子，所以做一個幸運餃子，這是她后來想到的一個主意。Anideastrucksb.意思是“某人突然想到一個主意”。故選C項。【4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在做這個幸運餃子的時候，母親偷偷地在上面做了個標(biāo)記。A.mark標(biāo)記；B.decision決定；C.try嘗試；D.note筆記。根據(jù)下文“sheputthegood-luckdumplingontopoftheothersinabowlonpurposeandpushedthebowltome.”可知，母親在餃子煮好后，準(zhǔn)確地找到這個幸運餃子并放到了我的碗里，所以說她在包餃子時就做好了標(biāo)記。故選A項?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她假裝什么也沒發(fā)生，但這個伎倆沒有逃脫我的眼睛。A.hands手；B.mind思想；C.lips嘴唇；D.eyes眼睛。根據(jù)下文“Feelingloved,Istaredatherin___6___eyes.”可知，在母親把幸運餃子特意放在我的碗里時，我感受到了被愛，并且感激地看著她，說明我早已發(fā)現(xiàn)她做了標(biāo)記的真相。故選D項?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我感受到了被愛，所以我充滿感激地看著她。A.anxious焦急的；B.sorrowful傷心的；C.grateful感激的；D.sincere真誠的。根據(jù)上文“sheputthegood-luckdumplingontopoftheothersinabowlonpurposeandpushedthebowltome.”和“Feelingloved”可知，母親把幸運餃子特意放在我的碗里，由此我感受到了母親的愛，所以我充滿感激地看著她。故選C項?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：母親回來了，她沒有注意到放在她碗里的幸運餃子，繼續(xù)吃飯，眼睛一直看著我。A.take拿走；B.notice注意；C.accept接受；D.permit允許。根據(jù)下文“andwentoneatingwithhereyesonmeallthetime”可知，母親繼續(xù)吃飯時，眼睛一直看著我，所以她沒有注意到我把那個幸運餃子放在她的碗里了。故選B項。【8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“哦，奶奶最有福氣”，我的妻子歡呼道。A.argued爭論；B.cheered歡呼；C.warned警告；D.suggested建議。根據(jù)上文“Whoevereatsitwillbeblessed(有福的).”可知，誰吃到幸運餃子，誰就有福氣，所以妻子會歡呼，為母親吃到幸運餃子而高興。故選B項?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“為什么是我？”母親很迷惑。A.touched被感動的；B.inspired受鼓舞的；C.confused迷惑的；D.attracted被吸引的。根據(jù)上文“sheputthegood-luckdumplingontopoftheothersinabowlonpurposeandpushedthebowltome.”和““I...howcome?””可知，母親把幸運餃子特意放在我的碗里，所以現(xiàn)在她自己卻吃到了它，她感到很迷惑不解。故選C項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：母親突然大笑起來，然后流淚，我和妻子與她一起分享她所有的悲傷和喜悅。A.shared分享；B.discussed討論；C.remembered記??；D.found發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“Motherburstintolaughter,andthentears”可知，母親一下明白了我對她的愛，她所受過的再多的苦也是值得的，這讓她悲喜交加，所以此時我和妻子陪著她，一起分享她所有的悲傷和喜悅。故選A項。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題分，共15分）A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Noteveryonewillenjoyeverysport.Itwilltaketimetofindasportthatplaystoyourstrengths.However,ifenoughtime___11___(spend),you’llbeabletofindwhatfitsyourindividualneedssoonerorlater.Andonceyoufind___12___,therearemanybenefits.You’llbeapartofasupportivecommunity,you'llbebuildingyour___13___(confident),you'llbeexercisingyourbody,andyou'llbehelpingyourmind,nottomentionhavingfun.【答案】11.isspent

12.it13.confidence【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了每個人需要找到自己適合的運動，這樣才會建立自己的信心，起到鍛煉身體的作用?！?1題詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：然而，如果花足夠的時間，你遲早會找到適合你個人需要的東西。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為if條件狀語從句的謂語動詞，主句用了一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)表將來。主語和謂語動詞之間為被動關(guān)系，所以空處用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。主語為不可數(shù)名詞。故填isspent?！?2題詳解】考查代詞。句意：一旦你找到了它，就會有很多好處?？仗幹复懊孢m合自己的那項運動（whatfitsyourindividualneeds），作find的賓語，所以用it。故填it。【13題詳解】考查名詞。句意：你將建立信心。根據(jù)空前的your可知，空處需要名詞，作賓語。confidence為不可數(shù)名詞“自信”。故填confidence。B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Mangzhong,___14___ChinesepeoplealsocallGraininEar,arrivesaroundJune6th.WhenGraininEarbeginstoarrive,itisusuallyaccompaniedbyaperiodofheavyrainfall.Duringthisperiod,___15___rainyseasonbeginsalongthemiddleandlowerareasoftheYangtzeRiver.Therearemorerainydaysandrainfallswithlowertemperature,duringwhichthe“plumrain(梅雨)”seasonbegins.The“plumrain”isnamed___16___theripeplumsofthisseasoninsouthernareasoftheYangtzeRiver.What'smore,thingsgetmildewed(發(fā)霉的)easilyduringthisperiod,soitiscalled“MeiYu”.【答案】14.which15.the16.after【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國24節(jié)氣之一——芒種?！?4題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：芒種，中國人也稱之為谷物顆粒飽滿之時，大約在6月6日左右來到。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞Mangzhong（芒種）指物，它在從句中作call賓語，因此使用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)定語從句。故填which?！?5題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：在此期間，長江中下游地區(qū)開始進(jìn)入雨季。此處為特指意義，表示“雨季”，應(yīng)該使用定冠詞。故填the?！?6題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：“梅雨”得名于江南這個季節(jié)成熟的梅子。此處為固定短語benamedafter：以……命名。故填after。C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Amsterdamhasbecomeverypopularwithcyclistsbecauseoftheconvenienceforbicycles.Inthe1960s,agroupofcyclingfanscameupwithanidea___17___(make)Amsterdamthecityofbikes.Peoplehadhundredsofbicycles___18___(paint)whiteandanyonewasallowedtotakethem.Theywerehopefulthatthiswouldsaveenergy,reducepollutionandprovidefreepublictransport.However,thievesstolethemall.In1999,the“whitebikes”returnedwithacomputer___19___(track)systemtorecordtheireverymove.Itworkedthistime.NowadayspeoplecanenjoycleanairandeasytransportincentralAmsterdamandbike-sharingisgainingfavorsacrosstheglobe.InChina,manypeoplearedevoting___20___(them)tosolvingproblemssothatpeoplecanenjoythebenefitsofshared-bikes.【答案】17.tomake18.painted19.tracking20.themselves【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了Amsterdam自行車便利的發(fā)展歷史?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：20世紀(jì)60年代，一群自行車愛好者想出了一個主意，讓阿姆斯特丹成為自行車之城。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，make在此處作非謂語動詞，結(jié)合句意，應(yīng)該用不定式作目的狀語。故填tomake?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：人們把數(shù)百輛自行車漆成白色，任何人都可以騎。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，paint在此處作非謂語動詞，與邏輯主語bicycles是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用過去分詞形式作賓補。故填painted。【19題詳解】考查動名詞。句意：1999年，這些“白色自行車”帶著電腦跟蹤系統(tǒng)回來了，記錄下它們的一舉一動。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用動名詞tracking修飾名詞systerm，表示該系統(tǒng)的功能，trackingsystem“追蹤系統(tǒng)”。故填tracking?！?0題詳解】考查人稱代詞。句意：在中國，許多人致力于解決問題，這樣人們就可以享受共享單車帶來的好處。分析句子可知，devoteoneselfto是固定搭配，表示“致力于”。故填themselves。第三部分：閱讀理解（共20分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。（共10小題；每小題2分，共20分）AVincentvanGogh:HisLifeinArt,March10-June27,2022TheMFAH(TheMuseumofFineArts,Houston)istheonlyplacefortheexhibitionVincentvanGogh:HisLifeinArt.Itbringstogethermorethan50masterworksbyVanGoghandfollowshimthroughfourkeystagesofhiscareer,fromearlysketches(草圖)tofinalpaintings.FewartistsleavebehindascompleteadiaryoflifeandworkasVanGogh.TheexhibitionhighlightstheartistesearlyyearsintheNetherlands;hisimpressiveperiodinParis;hissearchforlightandcolorandhisexplorationofnatureintheSouthofFrance.TheexhibitiondisplaysportraitsandlandscapesmainlyfromthecollectionsoftheVanGoghMuseuminAmsterdam.FrequentlyAskedQuestions?HowcanIbuytickets?Visitorscanbuyticketsinadvanceonlineoronthedayofyourvisit.Ticketsareavailableforpurchaseatanyadmissionsdeskonafirst-come,first-servedbasisandmayselloutquickly.?HowcanIfindoutifticketsarestillavailable?Follow@MFAHonTwitterforupdatesaboutticketsales.Signsarealsopostedon-siteattheMuseum.?IamanMFAHmember.DoIgettickets?Yes,membersstillreceivefreetickets,plusshopandparkingdiscounts,basedonlevelofmembership,onafirst-come,first-servedbasis.Notamember?Jointoday!(clickhere)?WhatshouldIexpectifIgettickets?Whileyou’rehere,theMFAHoffersmanythingstoseeanddo.Pickupadailyscheduleofprogramsandeventsandexplorealltheotherdecorationsandexhibitionsforfree.AudiotourTheoptionalaudiotourprovidesadeeperexplorationofselectedworksofartwiththeserviceinbothEnglishandSpanish.Includedintheticketprice,basedonavailability.Audio-tourplayersarelocatedattheexhibitionentrance.MFAHGalleryExperience:VanGoghUpCloseTicketsincludeMuseumgeneraladmissionandentrytoVanGoghUpClose.BesuretostopbythecompaniondisplayVanGoghUpClosenearby!Itisanimmersive,family—friendlyexperiencefilledwithart-makingactivities,photo-ops,andinteractivefun.21.Accordingtothefirstthreeparagraphs,theexhibition________.A.displaysmorethan50worksofVincentvanGoghB.isthefirsttodisplayVanGogh’sdiaryoflifeandworkC.givesmoreattentiontoVanGogh’slateyearsinNetherlandsD.showstheworksmainlyfromtheVanGoghMuseuminParis22.Tomakesureofgettingaticket,visitorshadbetter________.A.reserveitonTwitter B.buyitonlineinadvanceC.purchaseitattheentrance D.bookitattheadmissiondesk23.Themainpurposeofthispassageisto________.A.attractmorepeopleformembership B.introduceanewly-openedmuseumC.displayVanGogh’spaintings D.promoteanartexhibition【答案】21.A22.B23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了休斯頓美術(shù)博物館舉辦的“文森特·梵高：他的藝術(shù)生活”展，并介紹了購票和參觀信息。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Itbringstogethermorethan50masterworksbyVanGoghandfollowshimthroughfourkeystagesofhiscareer,fromearlysketches(草圖)tofinalpaintings.(它匯集了梵高的50多幅杰作，跟蹤他職業(yè)生涯的四個關(guān)鍵階段，從早期的草圖到最后的畫作)”可知，休斯頓美術(shù)博物館展出了50多幅文森特·梵高的作品。故選A項?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)FrequentlyAskedQuestions部分中“Visitorscanbuyticketsinadvanceonlineoronthedayofyourvisit.Ticketsareavailableforpurchaseatanyadmissionsdeskonafirst-come,first-servedbasisandmayselloutquickly.(游客可以在網(wǎng)上提前購票，也可以在參觀當(dāng)日購票。門票可在任何售票處購買，先到先得，可能很快售罄)”可推知，為了確保能買到票，游客最好提前在網(wǎng)上購買。故選B項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，文章介紹了休斯頓美術(shù)博物館舉辦的“文森特·梵高：他的藝術(shù)生活”藝術(shù)展，并介紹了購票和參觀信息，因此本文的目的是為藝術(shù)展作推廣和宣傳。故選D項。BInDecember2004,asanewprofessionalphotographer,IbegantoworkonaprojectaboutcommunitieswholiveontheseainsoutheastAsia.Iwentouttoseawiththemregularly.Onthemorningof26December,Iwasduetosetoutwithagroupofsixfishermeninasmallboat.Itwasabout8am,andthesealookeddifferent.Thewaterwastotallystill.Icouldtellfromthewaythefishermenwerebehavingthatsomethingwasn’tright.Theyseemedtobediscussingwhetherornotweshouldsetoff,buttheeldest,whooperatedtheboat,gavethego-aheadorder.About20minuteslater,oneofthefishermenpointedtoasmallwhitespotfarinthedistance.Itlookedlikeafootball.Itwasgettingbiggerandbiggerveryquickly.Wehadnoideathatthiswasatsunamiwavespeedingthroughtheoceanlikeatornado(龍卷風(fēng)).Withabigwave,youwouldusuallytrytogetasfaroutaspossibleintotheopensea.Thedeeperthewater,theweakerthewave.Butweweren’tfarenoughouttobesafe,norcloseenoughtotheshoretomakeitbackbeforethewavewouldhittheland.Weweretrapped.WhenIrealizedthatthefishermen,whowerebornonthesea,wereafraid,Ibegantofeelreallyscared.Atsomepointtheeldertookcontrol.Noonepanickedorscreamed.Thecaptaintoldthesixofuswheretosit,sowewouldbalanceouttheboat.Iwassittingononeofthebenchesinthemiddle,withmybackfacingthefive-to-seven-meter-highwave.Itookholdofmyseatfirmly,closedmyeyesandsaidgoodbyetotheworld,myfamilyandfriends,inmymind.Suddenlytherewasahugenoiseandasuddenmovement.Thewavehadhittheboat,butintheverysecondofimpact,theincrediblyskilledcaptaingotitright.Hemanagedtosailupandontothewave.Thentheboatglided(滑動)fromthetipofthewavedownbehindit,intosafewaters.Hehadsavedusall.Survivinggavemeadeepunderstandingofhowshortlifecanbe.I’vebeengoingbacktosoutheastAsiaalmosteveryyeartothankthepeoplewhosavedmylife.24.Beforesettingouttothesea,theauthorandthefishermen________.A.talkedabouttheroute B.feltsomethingunusualC.predictedacomingtsunami D.madeinsufficientpreparations25.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthestory?A.Itwashisfirsttimetoexplorethesea.B.Hefeltscaredbecauseofhisinexperience.C.Hethoughthewoulddiefromthetsunami.D.Hewasconfidentthatallonboardwouldsurvive.26.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethecaptain?A.Kindanddetermined. B.Smartandgenerous.C.Calmandskillful. D.Braveandhonest.【答案】24.B25.C26.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述作者和漁民們一起在船長的指導(dǎo)下脫險于海嘯的故事。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theyseemedtobediscussingwhetherornotweshouldsetoff,buttheeldest,whooperatedtheboat,gavethego-aheadorder.”（從漁民們的行為方式我可以判斷出有什么不對。他們似乎在討論我們是否應(yīng)該出發(fā)，但操縱船的老大下達(dá)了前進(jìn)的命令）可知，在出海前他們已經(jīng)察覺有點不對勁。故選B。【25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Itookholdofmyseatfirmly,closedmyeyesandsaidgoodbyetotheworld,myfamilyandfriends,inmymind.”（我緊緊地抓住我的座位，閉上眼睛，在腦海里對這個世界、我的家人和朋友說再見）可知，當(dāng)時作者以為他會在此次海嘯中死亡。故選C。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Atsomepointtheeldertookcontrol.Noonepanickedorscreamed.Thecaptaintoldthesixofuswheretosit,sowewouldbalanceouttheboat.”（在某種程度上，長者控制了局面。沒有人恐慌或尖叫。船長告訴我們六個人該坐在哪里，這樣我們就可以平衡船了）以及倒數(shù)第二段“Thewavehadhittheboat,butintheverysecondofimpact,theincrediblyskilledcaptaingotitright.”（海浪擊中了船，但就在撞擊的那一秒鐘，這位技術(shù)高超的船長就把事情做好了）可知，船長既有經(jīng)驗又很冷靜。故選C。CTheMozartintheMachineSometimeinthecomingdecades,anexternalsystemthatcollectsandanalyzesbiometricdata(生物特征數(shù)據(jù))willprobablybeabletounderstandwhat’sgoingoninmybodyandinmybrainmuchbetterthanme.Whatwillitdotoart?Willartremainhumanity’slastlineofdefenseagainsttheriseoftheall-knowingalgorithms(算法)?Inthemodemworldartisusuallyassociatedwithhumanemotions.Wetendtothinkthatartistsarecontrollinginternalpsychologicalforces,andthatthewholepurposeofartistoconnectuswithouremotionsortoinspireinussomenewfeeling.Consequently,whenwecometoevaluateart,wetendtojudgeitbyitsemotionalimpactandtobelievethatbeautyisintheeyeofthebeholder.In1952,thecomposerJohnCagecomposedamusicalpiece4’33’’Thispiececonsistsof4minutesand33secondsduringwhichnoinstrumentplaysanything.Thepieceencouragestheaudiencetoobservetheirinnerexperiencesinordertoexaminewhatmusicisandwhatweexpectofit.Themessageisthatitisourownexpectationsandemotionsthatdefinemusic.Ifartisdefinedbyhumanemotions,whatmighthappenonceexternalalgorithmsareabletounderstandandmanipulatehumanemotionsbetterthanShakespeare,PicassoorLennon?Afterall,emotionsarenotsomemysteriousforces—theyareabiochemicalprocess.Therefore,givenenoughbiometricdataandenoughcomputingpower,itmightbepossibletohack(入侵)love,hate,boredomandjoy.Ofallformsofart,musicisprobablythemostsensitivetoBigDataanalysis,becausetheinputsarethemathematicalpatternsofsoundwaves,andtheoutputsaretheelectrochemicalsignals.Allowalearningmachinetogoovermillionsofmusicalexperiences,anditwilllearnhowparticularinputsresultinparticularoutputs.Therefore,inthelongrun,algorithmsmaylearnhowtocomposeentiretunes,playingonhumanemotionsasiftheywereapianokeyboard.Usingyourpersonalbiometricdata,thealgorithmscouldevenproducepersonalizedmelodies,whichyoualoneintheentireworldwouldappreciate.Willthisresultingreatart?Thatdependsonthedefinitionofart.Ifbeautyisindeedintheearsoftheirlistener,thenbiometricalgorithmsstandachanceofproducingthebestartinhistory.Ifartisaboutsomethingdeeperthanhumanemotions,biometricalgorithmsmightnotmakeverygoodartists.Butnorwouldmosthumans.Inordertoentertheartmarket,algorithmswon’thavetobeginbystraightawaybeatingBeethoven.ItisenoughiftheyoutperformJustinBieber.27.Theauthormentionsthemusicalpiece4’33”to________.A.discusstheeffectofsilenceinamusicalpieceB.emphasizeitsemotionalimpactontheaudienceC.showthesignificanceofemotionsindefiningmusicD.encouragetheaudiencetoobservetheirinnerexperiences28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“manipulate”inParagraph4mean?A.Influence. B.Cover. C.Present. D.Appreciate.29.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Computerswilltaketheplaceofartistsoneday.B.Humanemotionsaremuchmorethanbiochemicalsignals.C.Artisthefinalwallofhumanityagainsttheall-knowingalgorithms.D.Personalizedmusicmaybeavailableforpeopletoenjoyinthefuture.30.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofalgorithmsmusic?A.Uncertain. B.Pessimistic. C.Confused. D.Positive.【答案】27.C28.A29.D30.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章分析了生物識別算法的崛起對可能給藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作帶來的影響?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Consequently,whenwecometoevaluateart,wetendtojudgeitbyitsemotionalimpactandtobelievethatbeautyisintheeyeofthebeholder.(因此，當(dāng)我們評價藝術(shù)時，我們傾向于根據(jù)它的情感影響來判斷它，并相信美在觀者的眼中)”和第二段中“Thispiececonsistsof4minutesand33secondsduringwhichnoinstrumentplaysanything.Thepieceencouragestheaudiencetoobservetheirinnerexperiencesinordertoexaminewhatmusicisandwhatweexpectofit.Themessageisthatitisourownexpectationsandemotionsthatdefinemusic.(這首曲子時長4分33秒，在這段時間內(nèi)沒有任何樂器演奏。這首曲子鼓勵觀眾觀察他們的內(nèi)心體驗，從而審視音樂是什么，以及我們對音樂的期待。它要傳遞的信息是我們的期望和情感定義了音樂)”可推知，作者提及《4’33”》這首曲子的目的是為了用事例來證明情感在定義音樂中的重要作用。故選C項。【28題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后“betterthanShakespeare,PicassoorLennon(比莎士比亞、畢加索和列儂更好)”可知，句中把外部算法與著名藝術(shù)家進(jìn)行比較，結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容和劃線詞前動詞understand可推知，句中比較了外部算法與藝術(shù)家對人類情緒的“理解和影響”，結(jié)合選項，劃線詞manipulate在句中與influence同義。故選A項。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Therefore,inthelongrun,algorithmsmaylearnhowtocomposeentiretunes,playingonhumanemotionsasiftheywereapianokeyboard.Usingyourpersonalbiometricdata,thealgorithmscouldevenproducepersonalizedmelodies,whichyoualoneintheentireworldwouldappreciate.(因此，從長遠(yuǎn)來看，算法可能會學(xué)會如何創(chuàng)作完整的曲調(diào)，就像彈鋼琴鍵盤一樣根據(jù)人類的情感演奏。利用你的個人生物特征數(shù)據(jù)，算法甚至可以產(chǎn)生個性化的旋律，只有你一個人會欣賞)”可推知，在未來人們可能會欣賞到個性化的音樂。故選D項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Therefore,inthelongrun,algorithmsmaylearnhowtocomposeentiretunes,playingonhumanemotionsasiftheywereapianokeyboard.”(因此，從長遠(yuǎn)來看，算法可能會學(xué)會如何創(chuàng)作完整的曲調(diào)，就像彈鋼琴鍵盤一樣根據(jù)人類的情感演奏。）和倒數(shù)第一段中“Ifartisaboutsomethingdeeperthanhumanemotions,biometricalgorithmsmightnotmakeverygoodartists.Butnorwouldmosthumans.”（如果藝術(shù)是關(guān)于比人類情感更深層次的東西，那么生物識別算法可能不會成為非常好的藝術(shù)家。但大多數(shù)人也不會。）可知作者對于算法音樂包郵積極的態(tài)度。故選D。第四部分：書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第47、48、49小題各2分，第50小題4分，共10分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問題。Weoftenhearaboutthenegativeaspectsofanxiety,butcouldtherebeanyadvantagesorbenefitsthatcomefromlivingwithanxiety?Anxietyisafeelingthatisoftencharacterizedbyintensefearandworry.Manyindividualswithanxietydescribeitasafeelingofnervousnessandfearthatcanbedistractingandall-consuming.Itistypicallyexperiencedonmanylevels,affectingone’semotionsandleadingtouncomfortablephysicalsensations,andnegativethoughts.However,haveyoueverconsideredsomeofthepossiblepositiveeffectsthatmaycomewithhavinganxiety?Scientistshavelearnedthatsomedegreeofstressoranxietyisn’tnecessarilyabadthing.Goodstress,somethingnowreferredtoaseustress,keepsusmotivatedandexcitedaboutlife.Itappearsthatsomedegreeofanxietymayhavesimilar“silverlinings”.Anxietymaybejustthewarningsignyouneedtobringawarenesstoyourcurrentsituationandmakesomenecessarychangesinyourlife.Forexample,youmayfindthatyouhaveafriendshipthatisnolongerworking,orperhapsyourjobiscausingagreatdealofstress.Youranxietycanbedifficulttomanage,butexploringandcopingwithyouranxietycanbearealopportunityforself-growth.Anxietymayhelpyoufeelmoremotivatedandpreparedwhenfacedwithchallenges.Researchhasshownthatstudentsandathleteswhoexperiencedsomeanxietyactuallyperformedbetterontestsorincompetitivesports.Forinstance,perhapsyouranxietyassistsyouinputtingextraeffortintoworkorpersonaltasks,makingagoodimpression,ormovingtowardsyourgoals.Peoplewhohavedealtwithanxietymaybemoresympatheticandunderstandingtotheproblemsthatothersface.Havinggonethroughpersonalstrugglesyourself,youmaybemoresensitive,loving,andacceptingwhenfriendsandfamilymembersaredealingwithpersonalchallenges.Eventhoughtherecanbesomepotentialbenefitstoexperiencinganxiety,itisworthwhiletopointthatitcanalsobecomearealhindrancetomanyaspectsofyourlife.Ifanxietyispreventingyoufromlivingthelifeyoudesire,thenitmaybetimetogetprofessionalhelp.31.Whatisanxietyaccordingtothepassage?32.Whatcaneustressdotous?33.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Researchhasshownthatstudentswithsomeanxietyaresuretoperformworseontests.34.Howwillyoudealwithanxietyinyourlife?(Inabout40words)【答案】31.Anxietyisafeelingthatisoftencharacterizedbyintensefearandworry.32.Eustresskeepsusmotivatedandexcitedaboutlife.33.Researchhasshownthatstudentswithsomeanxietyaresuretoperformworseontests.Becausestudentsandathleteswhoexperiencedsomeanxietyactuallyperformedbetterontestsorincompetitivesports.34.Inourdailylifewecandealwithhigh-pressuresituationsbyaccommodatingmoreorremovingthevolumethatwascreatingthemostpressure.Forexample,whenIfeelstressed,Iwillgorunningtoreleasethepressureinthisway.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了焦慮的一些癥狀以及對人正反面的影響。【31題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中“Anxietyisafeelingthatisoftencharacterizedbyintensefearandworry.(焦慮是一種以強烈的恐懼和擔(dān)憂為特征的感覺)”可知，焦慮是一種以強烈的恐懼和擔(dān)憂為特征的感覺。故答案為Anxietyisafeelingthatisoftencharacterizedbyintensefearandworry.【32題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中“Goodstress,somethingnowreferredtoaseustress,keepsusmotivatedandexcitedaboutlife.Itap