7I Energy Resources我的能源資源

KS3Physics7IEnergyResources7IEnergyResourcesContents

Thenatureofenergy

EnergyresourcesFossilfuelsSummaryactivitiesCanyouthinkofexamplesofeachtypeofenergy?Therearemanydifferenttypesofenergy:thermallightsoundelasticgravitationalkineticelectricalchemicalnuclearDifferenttypesofenergyWhichtypeofenergy?Energycanbechangedfromoneformtoanother.Forexample:Chemicalenergyinfoodisconvertedtothermalenergy andkineticenergybyourbodies.EnergytransferWhatotherenergytransferscanyouthinkof?Gravitationalenergyinaballisconvertedtokineticenergywhenitfallstotheground.burningmatchportabletorchmicrophoneradiotelevisioncatapultmobilephonecar

chemicaltoheatandlightchemicaltoheatandlightsoundtoelectricalelectricaltosoundandheatelectricaltosoundandlightandheatelastictokineticandheatchemicaltosoundandmicrowaves(EMradiation)andheatchemicaltokineticandsoundandheatInallthesetransferstheenergyisnotlost,itisconserved.

Energycannotbedestroyedorcreated.Whatenergytransfertakesplaceineachdevice?Whatistheenergytransfer?7IEnergyResourcesContentsThenatureofenergy

EnergyresourcesFossilfuelsSummaryactivitiesHumansusechemicalenergy(fromfood)toliveandfunction.However,inamodernsocietywealsouselargeamountsofenergyfromothersources.Canyouthinkofsomeactivitiesrequiringenergy?Wheredoestheenergyforthesetypeofactivitiescomefrom?travellingandcommunicatingoverlongdistances;controllingourenvironment,e.g.airconditioning/heating;manufacturingandbuildingmanykindsofmaterialsandproducts,e.g.roads,cars,buildings,preparedfood.UsingenergyEnergyresourcescanbedividedintotwotypes:renewable

(e.g.hydroelectric);non-renewable(e.g.coal,oil,

nuclear

andnaturalgas).EnergyresourcesintheUKThereisafiniteamountoffossilfuelsontheEarthandtheywilleventuallyrunout.Oncefossilfuelsareusedtheycannotberegeneratedandusedagain,sotheyarecallednon-renewable.Non-renewableenergyresourcesoilcoalnaturalgasOil,coalandnaturalgasareexamplesof

fossilfuels.Theywereformedfrombiologicaldepositsoverthecourseofmillionsofyears.Renewableenergyresourceswillnotrunoutbecausetheycaneasilyberegenerated.Only2%oftheUK’senergycomesfromrenewablesources.

Canyouthinkofareasonwhy?RenewableenergysourcesExamplesofrenewableenergyresourcesare:

windpowersolarpowertidalpowerbiomassRenewableornon-renewable?

TheSunTheSunistheoriginalsourceofmostenergyresources.PlantsstoretheSun’senergythroughphotosynthesis.Animalstheneattheplants.EnergyandtheSuncoalwindbiomassoil

TheSunistheoriginalsourceofmostenergyresources.naturalgasfoodEnergyresourcesfromtheSunwaves7IEnergyResourcesContentsThenatureofenergy

EnergyresourcesFossilfuelsSummaryactivitiesFossilfuelsAbout300millionyearsago,treesandotherplants

photosynthesized

andstoredtheSun’senergy.Deadplantsfellintoswampywaterandthemudpreventedthemfromrottingaway.HowcoalwasformedOvertheyears,themudpiledupandsquashedtheplantremains.Aftermillionsofyearsunderthispressure,themudbecamerockandthedeadplantsbecame

coal.CoalformationOilandgasarealsobiologicalinorigin.Millionsofyearsagotinyanimalslivedinthesea.Liketoday,theirecosystemwasdependentonheatandlightfromtheSunandphotosynthesisbyplants.Whentheydiedtheyfellintomudandsandatthebottomoftheseabutdidnotrotaway.Overmillionsofyears,theygotburieddeeperbythemudandsand.Thetemperatureandpressure(causedbytheweightofthesedimentsanddeepburial)changedthemudandsandintorockandthedeadanimalsintocrudeoilandnaturalgas.ThissampleofcrudeoilwasformedinsouthernEngland.Crudeoilformedinotherpartsoftheworldcanbeverydifferentinappearanceandviscosity.HowoilandgaswereformedOilandgasformation7IEnergyResourcesContentsThenatureofenergy

EnergyresourcesFossilfuelsSummaryactivitiesGlossaryenergy

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Theabilitytodowork–itexistsindifferentformssuchaschemical,electrical,heatandlight.

energytransfer

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Changingenergyfromoneformtoanother.energyresource

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Asubstancethatisasourceofenergy.fuel

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Asubstancethatreleasesenergywhenitburns.fossilfuel

–Afuelthatisformedfromtheremainsofdeadplantsan