北京市海淀區(qū)2022-2023學年高三下學期期中練習英語試題

海淀區(qū)2022-2023學年第二學期期中練習

高三英語

2023.04

本試卷共10頁，100分。考試時長90分鐘。

考生務必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。

考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分:知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）

第一節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，

并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

BeforeJennypassedawayfromcancer,shemadeherhusband,Steve,andtheirdaughter,

Briltany,promiseheronething:hewouldIBrittany,ahighschoolsenior,tothehomecoming

（返校節(jié)）game,whereshewas2forhomecomingqueen.ltwasimportanttoherthather

daughtershouldgo.BrittanyandSteve3.

Dayslater,onthemorningofFriday,September24,Jennydied.Keepingtheir4,that

veryafternoon,anemotionalBrittanywalkedarminarmwithherfatheracrossthefootballfield

withtheothernominees（被提名者）toawaitthe5ofthevoting.

Brittanywasn'tnamedhomecomingqueenthatday;Nylawas.But,likemanyintheclose-knit

community,NylahadheardaboutJennyandhernobledeedsforthecommunity.Ina（n）6

gesture,momentsafterreceivingthecrown,NylawalkedovertoBrittany,removedthecrownfrom

herhead,andplaceditatopherfriend's.Thetwoembraced,7holdingeachothertightlyfor

support.

“She'dratherhavehermomthanacrownJNylasaid.ByhandingittoBrittany,"Iwastelling

herthatshewashermom'squeen,andthatshewaslovedbymany,especiallyme.^^

“Ifeltsomuchlovefromher,andIjustfeltsomuchloveforher,“saidBrittany,whopaid

Nylatheultimatepraise,"IcanseemymomthroughNyla.Theyhavethesamecaring,_8

spirit.”

“Nylaisnolessqueenfbrlackofacrown,“saidateacher.There'sasayingthatrealqueens

9_eachother'scrowns.Butthetruthis,realqueensgiveuptheircrownstoletotherqueens

10.

1.A.inviteB.introduceC.recommendD.accompany

2.A.runningB.votingC.seekingD.applying

3.A.agreedB.negotiatedC.hesitatedD.declined

4.A.awardB.promiseC.appointmentD.secret

5.A.sessionB.processC.outcomeD.start

6.A.unplannedB.expectantC.unwillingD.typical

7.A.gratefullyB.cheerfullyC.sadlyD.tearfully

8.A.volunteeringB.nursingC.givingD.forgiving

9.A.wearB.makeC.tradeD.fix

lO.A.standB.shineC.leadD.celebrate

第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在

給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。

A

I'velovedphotographysinceIwasateenager.Myparentsrecordedmanyhomevideosofmy

siblingsandme.Cherishedfamilymoments11(document),Revisitingthemwaslikeopeninga

treasurechest.Tmgratefulforthesevisualrecords12showedouryouthandgrowth.Filmhada

biginfluenceonme.Ilovetheemotionsconveyedbythestoryonvideo.ForadecadeIworkedas

afreelancefilmmakerandphotographer.Irecordedawiderangeofgenres,therefore13

(collect)tensofthousandsofimages-bothstillandmoving.

B

^Conventionalwisdomtellsusthatwecanfeelhappierifwesmileorthatwecanget

ourselves14amoreseriousmoodifwescowl(怒視)JsaidNicholasColes,aPhDatUtah

University.Histeamcombineddatafrom138studiestestingmorethan11,000participantsand

foundfacial15(express)dohaveimpactonfeelings.Forexample,smilingmakespeople

happier,scowlingmakesthemfeelangrier,andfrowningmakesthem16(sad).Thesefindings

areexcitingbecausetheyprovideaclueabouthowthemindandbodyinteract17(influence)

ourconsciousexperienceofemotion.

C

Bydrawingpatternssuchasbamboosonthesurfaceofacupoftea,Chabaixi,anancient

Chineseteatrick18(go)viralrecently.Thereareadozensteps,fromgrindingteaforfine

powder,topouringboiledwater,stirringthemixtureforthickfroth(泡沫)，andfinallydrawing

pattems.Clearwaterisusedtoputintothecup.Whenthewater19(touch)thesurfaceoftea,

itturnsintoawhitecoloranddisappearsin20minutes.Theprocessbeforedrawingisknown

ast4dianchan.Thequalityofitiscrucialto20thepatternscanbesuccessfullyproducedlater.

第二部分:閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)

第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡

上將該項涂黑。

A

Ifyou'reinterestedinpushingyourselfacademicallywhileexperiencingcollegelife,our

SummerProgramsforPre-Collegestudents(SPP)canbeidealforyou.Intheprograms,youwillbe

abletomakefriendswithfellowstudents,engageinsocialactivitiesaroundthecityandon

campus,andexperiencepre-collegesummerstudyatoneoftheworld*stopteachingandresearch

universities.

Ourlong-runningsummertermpre-collegeofferingsincludeachoiceofone-,two-,

three-,andsix-weekprogramsthatprepareyouforsuccessincollege.Withfiveexcitingand

challengingpre-collegesummerprogramstochoosefrom,youcanearncollegecredit,discovera

newsubjectarea,performcutting-edgeresearchinuniversitylabs,orimmerseyourselfinhands-

-onlearning.

Academiclife

SPPinvitesyoutojoinotherhighlymotivatedteensfrom87countriesinoursummer

programsforhighschoolstudents-andtaketheleapintocollegelifeandacademics,whichenables

youtotakeonnewacademicchallenges,exploreavarietyofinterestsandconsiderpossible

majors.Youcantakecollegecoursesalongsideundergraduateseitheroncampusoronline.And

youcanalsoearnuptoeightcollegecreditsbyconductingin-depthSTEMresearchwith

individualinstructorsoraspartofagroupproject.Or,youcanimmerseyourselfinavarietyof

stimulatingnoncreditseminarsthatblendlectureswithexperientiallearning,discussions,and

projects.

Campus/Residencelife

Embracingcollegelifeisanexcitingexperience.Whetheryouliveoncampusorcommute,

you'llgettoknowtheinsandoutsofcollegeandcitylife.Ifyouliveoncampus,youwillstayin

theresidencehall,sharingaroomandparticipatingindormactivities.Therearetypicallytwo

studentsperroomandsafetyisourhighestpriority:residencehallshavelive-inuniversitystall

and24-hoursecurity.Residentprogramassistantsprovideguidance,coordinateandleadsocial

activities,rangingfromgroupactivitiesthatincludecomedyshowstofieldtrips.

Yourhardworkwillbecombinedwithsocialeventsandfunactivities-andyou'llstillhave

timeforyourownadventuresoncampus!EmailtheSPPofficeatsppojfice@.

2l.SPPaimsto.

A.helpcollegestudentstoachieveacademicsuccess

B.provideadmissionguidelinesforpre-collgestudents

C.gethighschoolstudentswell-preparedforcollegelife

D.encouragestudentstoparticipateinhands-onlearning

22.Whatarestudentssupposedtodotoearntherequiredcredits?

A.CarryoutSTEMresearch.

B.Attendvariousseminars.

C.Finishthecoursesonline.

D.Joininexperientialleaming.

23.Accordingtothepassage,studentslivingoncampus.

A.canorganizesocialactivities

B.willhaveaccesstoasingleroom

C.areprovidedwithgoodsecurity

D.areadvisedtodirectcomedyshows

B

“Ican*tconnectwithyourcharacters.H

Ikepthearingthesamefeedbackandwasunabletounderstandwhyandnotsurewhattodo.I

wasacharacter-drivenwriter.HowcouldImessuptheonethingIwassupposedtobegoodat?I

wasdeterminedtoconvincemyagentthatthesecharacterswerereal.Afterall,Iknewtheywere

real.MymaincharacterLotushadlivedinsidemeforyears.Ijustneededtoclarifyheronthepage.

Iwroteandeditedforayear,tryingtorespondtothisagent'sfeedback.ButLotus'personality

begantodisappear.!triedtohavehermake"better"decisions,wearsmarterfashion,andhave

morefriends,asmyagentsaidsheacted€timmature“andwastcisolated".Andwhenthisagent

ultimatelypartedwayswithme,IfeltlikeIhadfailed.Nowwithtimeanddistance,IrealizeItried

tofitLotusintoaneurotypicalstyletopleasemyagent.Andasaresult,LotuslostherLotus-ness.

WhenthatagentdiscouragedmefromwritingLotusasautistic（自閉的），hesaidthatwould

makeLotusseemmore4tvulnerable（脆弱的）“oran44obviousvictim"[didn'twantLotustoseem

vulnerable.Lotus1autismiswhatmakesherpowerful,Itriedtoexplain.Butfromaneurotypical

perspective,Lotus'autismcouldonlybeseenasaweakness.

Unsureofhowtoconvincemyagentofthestrengthandpowerautisticwomenhold,Ibegan

towriteLotusas"neurotypical^.AndIfailedmiserably.Afterall,whatdoIknowaboutbeing

neurotypical?Mywholelife,autismwasmydefault.Notbeingdiagnoseduntil2020,Iassumed

thewayIsawtheworldwas44normal".

Mycurrentagentencouragesmetowritefrommyneurodivergent（神經(jīng)多樣性的）

experience.Withthisinvitation,IrevisitedLotusandsawherthewayIfirstwroteher.AndwhenI

did,thecharactersandtheentirenarrativebegantomakemoresense.

Identifyingmycharactersasneurodivergentnotonlygivesmejoyasawriter,butithas

producedmystrongestwriting.Forsolong,I'vecombattedtheadviceto“writewhatIknow',,in

partbecauseIdidn'tknowwhatIactuallyknew.IdidnlknowIwasneurodivergent.ButasImine

thespecificityofmylivedexperience,mywritingisstronger.Thereisapowertoourlived

experience.It'snotalimitationonourcraft,butaswingingopenofthegates.

24.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenreceivingtherepeatedresponsefromthefirstagent?

A.Confused.

B.Convinced.

C.Determined.

D.Disappointed.

25.Lotus1personalitygotlostbecause.

A.Lotusnolongerlivedinsidetheauthor

B.theauthorattemptedtopleasetheagent

C.theagentfailedtosympathizewithLotus

D.Lotuswasconsideredchildishandlonely

26.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?

A.Sheregrettedpartingwiththeagent.

B.Sheowedhersuccessinlifetoautism.

C.Shewasawareofherautismintheearlyyears.

D.Shewasempoweredbyherautisticexperience.

27.Whathastheauthorlearnedfrormherownexperience?

A.Sticktoyourdreamdespitediscouragement.

B.Betruetoyourselfandwritefromyourheart.

C.Givingintoauthorityisthebaniertosuccess.

D.Everyoneisbornanoriginalinsteadofacopy.

C

Toachef,thesoundsoflipsmacking,slurpingandsailwingarethehighestformoffltery（恭

維）.Buitosomeonewithacertaintypeofmisophonia（恐音癥），thesesamesoundscanbe

torturous.Brainscansarenowhelpingscientistsstarttounderstandwhy.

Peoplewithmisophoniaexperiencestrongdiscomfort,annoyanceordisgustwhentheyhear

particulartriggers.Thesecanincludechewing,swallowing,slurping,throatclearing,coughingand

evenaudiblebreathing.Researcherspreviouslythoughtthisreactionmightbecausedbythebrain

overactivelyprocessingcertainsounds.Now,however,anewstudypublishedinJournalof

Neurosciencehaslinkedsomeformsofmisophoniatoheightened“mirroring“behaviorinthe

brain:thoseaffectedfeeldistresswhiletheirbrainsactasiftheywereimitatingthetriggering

mouthmovements.

"Thisisthefirstbreakthroughinmisophoniaresearchin25years,'*sayspsychologist

JenniferJ.Brout,whodirectstheInternationalMisophoniaResearchNetworkandwasnot

involvedinthenewstudy.

Theresearchteam,ledbyNewcastleUniversityneuroscientistSukhbinderKumar,analyzed

brainactivityinpeoplewithandwithoutmisophoniawhentheywereatrestandwhilethey

listenedtosounds.Theseincludedmisophoniatriggers（suchaschewing）,generallyunpleasant

sounds（likeacryingbaby）,andneutralsounds.Thebrain'sauditory（聽覺的）cortex,which

processessound,reactedsimilarlyinsubjectswithandwithoutmisophonia.Butinboththeresting

stateandlisteningtrials,peoplewithmisophoniashowedstrongerconnectionsbetweenthe

auditorycortexandbrainregionsthatcontrolmovementsoftheface,mouthandthroat,whilethe

controlledgroupdidn't.Kumarfoundthisconnectionbecamemostactiveinparticipantswith

misophoniawhentheyheardtriggersspecifictothecondition.

44Justbylisteningtothesound,theyactivatethemotorcortexmorestrongly.Soinawayit

wasasiftheyweredoingtheactionthemselves,,5Kumarsays.Somemirroringistypicalinmost

humanswhenwitnessingothers'actions;theresearchersdonotyetknowwhyanexcessive（過分

的）mirroringresponsemightcausesuchanegativereaction,andhopetoaddressthatinfuture

research/'Possibilitiesincludeasenseoflossofcontrol,invasionofpersonalspace,or

interferencewithcurrentgoalsandactions,"thestudyauthorswrite.

FatimaHusain,anllinoisUniversityprofessorofspeechandhearingscience,whowasnot

involvedinthestudy,sayspotentialmisophoniatherapiescouldbuildonthenewfindingsby

counselingpatientsabouthandlingunconsciousmotorresponsestotriggeringsounds-notjust

copingwiththesoundsthemselves.Ifthisworks,sheadds,oneshouldexpecttoseereduced

connectedactivitybetweentheauditoryandmotorcortices.

28.Itcanbelearntfromthenewstudythat.

A.misophoniasuffererscan'thelpimitatingthetriggers

B.peoplewithmisophoniaaremorelikelytoflatterchefs

C.thebrainsofpeoplewithmisophoniaoveiTeacttosoundsstrongly

D.misophoniasuffererstendtohavesimilarannoyingactivitiesintheirbrains

29.Comparedwithpeoplewithoutmisophonia,peoplewithmisophonia.

A.sufferlessseverelyattherestingstate

B.ownmarkedlydifferentbrainstructures

C.reactmorenegativelyatamirroringresponse

D.losecontroloftheirfacialmovementseasily

30.Whatmightbethesignificanceofthestudy?

A.Improvingspeechandhearingscience.

B.Developingatreatmentfbrmisophonia.

C.Drawingpeople'sattentiontomisophonia.

D.Promotinghumanbrainstructureresearch.

D

AtamuseuminVietnam,LenaBui*sfilmWhereBirdsDanceTheirLastreflectedonthe

beautyandvulnerabilityofVietnamesefeatherfarmsafterBirdFlu.DuringafestivalinRwanda,

EllenReid'saudioexperienceSoundwalkwassharedinahopefuldiscussionaboutmusic,parks

andmentalhealth.TheseareafewofthethingsIhavehelpedbringtolifeovertheyears,working

attheintersectionofscientificresearch,theartsandadvocacytosupportscienceinsolvingglobal

healthchallenges.

Scienceiskeytoaddressingtheseissues.Butitisn'ttheonlykey.Toachieveitspotentialand

foritsadvancestobeimplementedandreachallwhocouldbenefit,sciencedependsontrustand

goodrelationships.Peoplemightnotalwaysseescienceasrelevant,trustworthyormeaningfulto

theirlives.Therearereasonswhysomeseescienceashavingachequeredpast,fromnuclear

weaponstoeugenics（優(yōu)生學），andarethereforeuninterestedin,orsuspiciousof,whatit

proposes.Othersfeelexcludedbytheincomprehensibilityofhyperspecialistknowledge.

Initscapacitytobuilduponandtestanevidencebase,scienceispowerful,butresearchers

andfundershaven*tbeenasgoodatensuringthisevidencebaserespondstotheneedsand

interestsofdiversecommunities,orinformspolicymakerstotakeaction.Sciencemightbe

perceivedasdistancingitselffromthepersonal,thepoeticandthepolitical,yetitisprecisely

thesequalitiesthatcanbemostinfluentialwhenitcomestopublicinterestinatopicorhowa

governmentprioritizesadecision.

Amovingstorywelltoldcanbemorememorablethanalistoffacts.Thisiswherethearts

comein.Artistscangiveusdiferentperspectiveswithwhichtoconsiderandreimaginetheworld

together.Theycanredresstheproclaimedobjectivityinsciencebybringingstories-subjectivities-

intothepicture,andthesecanhelpfosterasenseofconnectionandhope.

In2012,Isetupartistresidenciesinmedicalresearchcentresaroundtheworld.Buiwas

attachedtotheOxfordUniversityClinicalResearchUnitinVietnam.Theheadoftheresearch

teamwasdelighted,findingthatBui,asaVietnameseartist,hadlicensetobein,andtoshare

usefulinsightsfrom,villageswhereinfectiousdiseaseresearchersweren'twelcome.Sixyearslater,

IledWellcome*sContagiousCitiesprogram,whichestablishedartistresidenciesworldwideto

supportlocallyledexplorationsofepidemicpreparedness.Therecentpandemicmadethiswork

morenoticeable,andhasinformedourMindscapesprogramwhichiscurrentlysharing

experiencesofmentalhealththroughtheworkofartists.

Withpandemic,climateandmentalhealthcrisesuponus,risinginequalityandwhatfeels

likeanincreasinglybrokenworld,neverhastherebeenmoreneedtobuildandnurturehopeful

andimaginativespacestogrowhumanconnectionandsharedpurposeforthecommon

good.Scienceandtheartscanworkhandinglovetoachievethis.

31.TheauthorliststwoworksinParagraph1mainlyto.

A.revealthegapbetweenscienceandart

B.provehiscompetenceinbothscienceandart

C.introducesuccessfulscience-relatedartworks

D.showthatsciencecanbepromotedinartforms

32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword4tchequeredninParagraph2probablymean?

A.Recentandremote.

B.Goodandbad.

C.Usualandunusual.

D.Peacefulandscary.

33.Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthoragree?

A.Policy-makersbasetheirdecisionsonscience.

B.Researcherspopularizescienceeffectively.

C.Scienceiswellreceivedamongthepublic.

D.Theartshelppeoplebuildconnections.

34.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TheValueoftheArtstoScience

B.WhereDoScienceandtheArtsMeet?

C.ANewWaytoFightPandemic--theArts

D.WhichMattersMore,ScienceortheArts?

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將

該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

"Justthinkpositively!n

'力couldbeworse.n

（iYoushouldlookatthebrightside!"

We'veallheard（andmaybeused）thesephraseswithoutmuchthought.Buttheycouldbe

contributingtoacultureoftoxic（有毒的）positivity.Forthosenewtothisterm,itmightsound

likeanoxymoron（矛盾彳修辭法）.Howcanpositivitybetoxic?Isn'titsupposedtobehelpful,or

“positive",asthenamesuggests?35

“Toxicpositivityiswhensomebodyavoidsallnegativethoughtsorfelings,pretending

everythingisgoingwellwhenitisnot,"explainsMelissaDowd,atherapistatPlushCare,avirtual

healthplatformforprimarycareandmentalhealthservices.WhitneyGoodman,theauthorof

ToxicPositivitydescribestoxicpositivityasthet4endlesspressuretobehappyandpositive,no

matterwhatthecircumstancesare.1'36It'salsosomethingwecancauseotherpeopleto

experience.

Expressingtoxicpositivitytoothersmaylooklikeofferingthemasimplesolutiontoa

complicatedproblemthatweknownothingabout,ornotallowingpeoplearoundyouto

appropriatelyexpressnegativeemotions.

Toxicpositivitycausesustosuppressouremotions,whichcanmakethemworse.37

“Althoughitcanbehelpfultolookonthebrightsidewhenfacingchallenges,"Dowdsays,"not

copingwithnegativefeelingsinahealthywayinthemomentcanleadtothosefeelings

resurfacinglaterindifferentareasofyourlifeorasaformofanxiety.1'38"IfIfeellike

you'regoingtodismissme,I'mgoingtostopsharinghowFmfelling,nGoodmanadds.

39Ifyou'reusingtoxicpositivityagainstyourself,Goodmansuggestsremembering

it'sOKifyou'reupsetaboutsomething.It'svalidifsomethingannoysyou."AUowourselvesand

otherpeopletosharewhenthey*regoingthroughadifficulttime/shesays.Dowdaddsthatit's

essentialthat“wealllearntocopewithandprocessouremotionsinahealthywayasopposedto

avoidinghowwefeel"aslife'sstressorscontinuetorise.Forexample,insteadofsimplysaying

44Justthinkpositively,"we*dbettersay€tSometimesbadthingshappen.HowcanIhelp?'1

A.Aretherewaystoavoidtoxicpositivity?

B.Toxicpositivityalsodisruptsconnection.

C.Itcanharmpeoplewhoaregoingthroughdifficulttimes.

D.Thiscancomeupindifferentsituationswhenwearedealingwithpressure.

E.Theybecomemoreintenseandcancauselong-lastinghealthconcernsinthefuture.

F.Expertssayconstantforcedpositivitycanleadtotheopposite,andhaveanegativeeffect.

G.Thisiswhatwemaybringontoourselvesbynotallowingnegativethoughtsandfeeling.

第三部分:書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）

第一節(jié)（共4小題;第40、41小題各2分，第42小題3分，第43小題5分，共12分）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。

E-wasteisaseriousproblemthatisn'tgoingtogetbetteronitsown.Herearesome

do-it-yourselftipsonhowtomanagee-waste.

Maybethebiggestcauseofoure-wasteproblemisthefact