金榜名師推薦2015年高考英語專用大一輪復(fù)習語法精講突破專題系列主謂一致共

語法精講突破系列(七)主謂一致1.

(2013·

湖

南

高

考

)The

university

estimates

that

livingexpenses

for

international

students

around

$8,

450

ayear,

which

a

burdenfor

some

of

them.A.

are;

is B.

are;are

C.

is;

are D.

is;is【解析】選A?？疾橹髦^一致。句意:

這所大學估計一名國際生的生活開銷每年大約是8

450美元,

這對其中的一些學生來說是一大負擔。living

expenses生活開銷,

為復(fù)數(shù)名詞,

故謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù);

$8,

450為金錢概念,

謂語動詞用單數(shù)。2.

(2012·

湖南高考)All

the

scientific

evidence

thatincreasing

useof

chemicals

in

farming

damaging

ourhealth.A.

show;

are

B.

shows;

are

C.

show;

is

D.

shows;

is【解析】選D。考查主謂一致。句意:

所有的科學證據(jù)表明在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中越來越多地使用化學物品正在損害我們的健康。evidence為不可數(shù)名詞,作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù);題干中的第二個空的主語是use,為不可數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞用單數(shù),故D項正確。3.

(2011·江蘇高考)The

fact

that

so

many

people

still

smoke

inpublic

places

that

we

may

need

a

nationwide

campaignto

raise

awareness

of

the

risks

of

smoking.A.

suggest

B.

suggests

C.suggested

D.

suggesting【解析】選B。考查主謂一致和時態(tài)。句意:

仍然有很多人在公共場所吸煙,

這樣的事實表明我們或許需要一場全國性的運動來提高人們對吸煙的危害的認識。結(jié)合句意分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,the

fact后that引導的是同位語從句,空白后的that從句則是謂語動詞suggest的賓語從句;主語是the

fact,

故排除A、D項;結(jié)合從句的時態(tài)可知主句要用現(xiàn)在時態(tài),故選B項。4.

(2012·陜西高考)The

basketball

coach,

as

well

as

his

team,

interviewed

shortly

after

the

match

for

theiroutstanding

performance.A.

were B.

was C.is D.

are【解析】選B。考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:比賽后不久,那位籃球教練和他的隊員們因為他們的出色表現(xiàn)而受到了采訪。根據(jù)句意可知事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生,所以用過去時,排除C和D兩項。aswellas連接兩個并列的名詞作主語,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)和前面的名詞保持一致。The

basketball

coach是單數(shù),所以謂語動詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù),B項符合題意。5.

(2011·安徽高考)The

factory

used

65

percent

of

the

rawmaterials,

the

rest

of

which

saved

for

other

purposes.A.is B.

are C.was D.were【解析】選D。考查主謂一致和時態(tài)。句意:工廠用了這種原材料的65%,剩余部分節(jié)省出來留作其他用途。定語從句中先行詞是the

raw

materials,

故定語從句謂語的數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞的數(shù)保持一致,用復(fù)數(shù),上文時態(tài)為過去時,故選D?！炯庸逃柧殹?.

(2010·四川高考)Such

poets

as

Shakespeare

widelyread,

of

whose

works,

however,

some

difficult

tounderstand.A.

are;

are B.

is;

is C.

are;

is D.

is;

are【解析】選A?？疾橹髦^一致。句意:像莎士比亞那樣的詩人擁有大量的讀者,但是,一些作品卻很難理解。主句中的主語應(yīng)為poets,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù),其后的非限制性定語從句的主語應(yīng)為some

of

whose

works,

謂語動詞也應(yīng)是復(fù)數(shù)。故選A。2.

(2010·湖南高考)Listening

to

loudmusic

at

rock

concerts

caused

hearing

loss

in

someteenagers.A.is B.

are C.has D.

have【解析】選C?？疾橹髦^一致。根據(jù)動名詞短語作主語,句子的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式,排除B、D兩項,根據(jù)主語與cause是主動關(guān)系,排除A項。故選C。3.

(2009·江蘇高考)The

population

of

Jiangsu

to

morethan

twice

what

it

was

in

1949.

The

figure

is

now

approaching74million.A.hasgrownC.

grewB.

have

grownD.

are

growing【解析】選A。考查主謂一致和時態(tài)。population是集合名詞或集體名詞,即可看成一個整體,所以謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。句子說的是江蘇現(xiàn)在的人口數(shù)量已經(jīng)增長,用完成時表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。4.

(2010·全國卷Ⅱ)Barbara

is

easy

to

recognize

as

she’s

theonlyone

of

the

women

who

eveningdress.A.wear B.

wears C.

has

worn D.

have

worn【解析】選B?？疾橹髦^一致和時態(tài)。首先the

only

one

of...為先行詞時,定語從句修飾的是one,即one是主語,而非后面的復(fù)數(shù)women,

根據(jù)主謂一致的原則,謂語動詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù),排除

A、D。另外,從“is”可以看出句子是要表示一種習慣,因此要用一般現(xiàn)在時,排除C,故選B。5.

(2009·

四川高考)The

teacher

together

with

the

studentsdiscussing

Reading

Skills

that

newly

published

inAmerica.A.

are;

were

B.

is;were

C.

are;

was

D.is;

was【解析】選D。考查主謂一致。A

together

with

B作主語時謂語動詞與A的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致;

第二個空為定語從句, that指代Reading

Skills,

由于Reading

Skills是書名,

所以謂語動詞用單數(shù)。6.

(2009·山東高考)The

number

of

foreign

students

attendingChinese

universities

rising

steadily

since

1990.A.is B.

are C.

has

been D.have

been【解析】選C?？疾橹髦^一致和時態(tài)。主語是the

number,

故謂語動詞用單數(shù),

又因時間狀語是since

1990,

所以用完成時態(tài)。7. (2009·

陜西高考)Dr.

Smith,

together

with

his

wife

anddaughters,

visit

Beijing

this

summer.A.

is

going

toC.was

going

toB.

are

going

toD.

were

going

to【解析】選A。考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。主語中心詞是Dr.Smith,表單數(shù),謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;時間狀語是thissummer,表計劃性的將來,故時態(tài)用一般將來時,選A。8.

(2009·湖南高考)Either

you

or

one

of

your

students

toattend

themeeting

that

is

duetomorrow.A.are B.

is C.

have D.be【解析】選B?？疾橹髦^一致的用法。either...or....連接兩個主語,按就近原則來確定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)。one

of

yourstudents為最鄰近的主語,謂語應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。原則主

語謂

語典

句

例

示語法一致原則單

數(shù)單

數(shù)The

boy

was

struggling

for

abetterlife.復(fù)

數(shù)復(fù)

數(shù)The

students

are

working

hardto

go

to

college.原則主

語謂

語典

句

例

示就近一致原則由or,either...or...,neither.

.

.

nor.

.

.

,not

only...

but(also)...等連接與最近的主語在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致①Either

the

shirts

orthe

sweater

is

worthbuying.②Not

only

thestudents

but

also

theirteacher

is

enjoying

thefilm.由there,here引起的主語不止一個時和最鄰近的主語保持一致There

are

two

pencilsand

a

pen

on

the

desk.原則主

語謂語典

句

例

示意義一致原則由連詞and連接的并列成分指的是同一概念,兼具身份或匹配出現(xiàn)單數(shù)①The

poet

and

writerhas

come.②Truth

andhonesty

isthe

best

policy.no/each/every/manya+單數(shù)名詞+and(+no/each/every/many

a)+單數(shù)名詞Each

boy

and

each

girlhas

an

apple.one/everyone/each/either/thenumber+of/thevariety

of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞The

number

of

studentsfrom

the

north

is

small.原則主

語謂語典

句

例

示意義一致原則clothing,

furniture,traffic,jewellery,baggage,equipment,luggage等無生命的集體名詞單數(shù)Clothing

is

badly

neededinthisfloodedarea.以-s結(jié)尾的表示學科、國家、機構(gòu)、書籍、報刊等名稱的詞Politics

is

often

a

topicfor

discussion.表示時間、重量、距離、價格、金錢、體積等復(fù)數(shù)名詞表達一個整體概念Ten

years

is

a

moment

inhistory.原則主

語謂語典

句

例

示意義一致原則由every-,any-,some-,no-和-one,-thing,-body等構(gòu)成的不定代詞單數(shù)Is

everybody

heretoday?動詞-ing形式、動詞不定式和名詞性從句①Persuading

him

tojoin

us

seems

reallyhard.②Whatever

was

leftwas

taken

away.原則主

語謂語典

句

例

示意義一致原則由and連接的兩個并列成分表示兩個不同的概念復(fù)數(shù)A

poetandawriter

havecome.people,police,cattle等有生命的集體名詞People

read

for

pleasureduring

their

spare

time.一些常用作復(fù)數(shù)或只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞,如goods,

stairs,arms等The

goods

are

soldout.山脈、群島、瀑布、運動會等以-s結(jié)尾的專有名詞The

Olympic

Games

areheld

once

every

fouryears.a

number

of+名詞A

number

of

studentsare

from

the

south.原則主

語謂語典

句

例

示意義一致原則集體名詞class,

family,army,team,club,company,population,minority,enemy,party,crowd,crew,audience,committee,

government,majority,group等強調(diào)整體時謂語用單數(shù),指個體成員時謂語用復(fù)數(shù)單復(fù)數(shù)視情況而定①Our

family

has

areunion

every

year.②His

family

arewaitingfor

him.單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞,如means,works,deer,fish,sheep等①Every

means

hasbeen

tried.②All

possible

meanshave

beentried.原則主

語謂語典

句

例

示意義一致原則all,none,some,any等不定代詞單復(fù)數(shù)視情況而定①All

is

going

on

verywell.②All

are

presentbesides

the

professor.“half/most/enough/part/the

rest/thelast/lots/plenty/分數(shù)/百分數(shù)+of+名詞”作主語,謂語要和of之后的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致①About

one

third

ofthe

books

are

worthreading.②Only

60

percent

ofthe

work

has

beendone.特別提醒what和whatever引導主語從句時謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)從句所表達的意義上的數(shù)確定①What

he

says

and

doesdonotagree.②What

he

says

and

doesdoes

not

concernme.在定語從句中,關(guān)系代詞作主語,其謂語動詞的數(shù)和先行詞保持一致,但“one

of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”后面的定語從句的謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù),而在“the(only/very)oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”后面所接的定語從句中,謂語動詞卻用單數(shù)①He

is

one

of

thestudents

who

have

takenpartintheactivity.②Heisthe

only

one

ofthe

students

whohastaken

part

in

the

activity.特別提醒當主語后有介詞with,together/alongwith,including,like,but,except,other

than,

rather

than和aswellas等時,謂語動詞應(yīng)和前面的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致①The

teacher

as

wellas

thestudents

wasexcited

at

the

news.②Nobody

except

myparents

knowsanything

about

it.由兩部分構(gòu)成的表示物體的名詞,如trousers,glasses等作主語時,謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù),但是如果這類名詞前用了apair

of/two

(three)

pairsof等來修飾,謂語動詞在數(shù)上要與

pair等保持一致①These

trousers

needcleaning.②This

pair

oftrousersis

mine.特別提醒a

quantity

of/

quantities

of和a

(great,

large)amountof/largeamountsof后既可接可數(shù)名詞,也可接不可數(shù)名詞,其謂語動詞視情況而定①With

more

forests

beingdestroyed,

quantities

ofgood

earth

are

beingwashed

away

each

year.②A

large

amount

ofmoney

was

spent

on

thebridge.由“kind

(form,

type,

sort)of”等修飾的主語,其謂語形式取決于這些詞的單復(fù)數(shù)①This

new

type

ofbusesis

now

on

show.②All

kinds

of

difficultieshave

to

be

e.特別提醒若用and連接兩個動名詞、不定式短語或主語從句,表示兩個不同的概念則謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。若表示同一概念,則謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式①Riding

on

the

elephantsand

rowing

the

boats

werethe

children’s

favouritegames.②Gettingup

early

andgoing

to

bed

early

is

agoodhabit.many

a,

more

than

one后加可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式,謂語動詞用單數(shù)①Manya

student

hasseen

the

film.②More

than

one

personhas

made

the

suggestion.

.Ⅰ.單項填空1.

The

Ministry

of

Health

issued

a

notice

in

September

that

thecases

byfees

for

tests

andmedical

insurance.A.coverC.

willcovertreatment

in(H7N9)fluB.

are

coveredD.

has

been

covered【解析】選B。句子的主語是fee的復(fù)數(shù)形式fees,

并且與謂語動詞cover是被動關(guān)系,

故選B項。2.

Where

dirt,

there

are

flies.A.

therewasC.hasthereB.

there

isD.are【解析】選B。句意:

哪里有骯臟,

哪里就有蒼蠅。dirt是不可數(shù)名詞,

作主語,

故選there

is。3.

(2014·桂林模擬)Large

quantities

of

information,

as

well

assome

timely

help

since

the

organization

wasbuilt.A.hasofferedC.have

been

offeredB.

hadbeen

offeredD.

is

offered【解析】選C。當主語為quantitiesof修飾的不可數(shù)名詞時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;當主語后有with,

together/along

with,including,like,but,except,otherthan,ratherthan和aswellas等時,謂語動詞應(yīng)和前面的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。再根據(jù)句子邏輯和時態(tài)判斷應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。4.

(2014·上饒模擬)—We’d

like

a

double

room,

please.—I’m

sorry,

but

all

but

two

single

rooms

with

sea

view

.A.

is

reservedC.

has

reservedB.

have

been

reservedD.

had

reserved【解析】選B。當主語后有with,

together/along

with,

including,like,but,except,otherthan,ratherthan和aswellas等時,謂語動詞應(yīng)和前面的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致;all作主語,所以動詞用復(fù)數(shù)?！炯庸逃柧殹緼llbut

one

in

theaccident.A.

was

killedC.

will

be

killedB.

were

killedD.are【解析】選B。當主語后有with,

together/along

with,

including,like,but,except,otherthan,ratherthan和aswellas等時,謂語動詞應(yīng)和前面的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致;all作主語,所以動詞用復(fù)數(shù),又根據(jù)句意可知,all和kill是被動關(guān)系,且動作已發(fā)生,所以選擇B項。5.—Have

allof

youlistened

to

thespeech?—Yeah.Every

boy

and

girl

in

the

class

invited.A.were B.

have

been C.

has

been D.

was【解析】選D。由and連接的主語如果由every修飾時,其謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。句中表述的內(nèi)容是過去的動作,所以用一般過去時態(tài)。6.

The

most

impressive

sight

in

China,

one

of

the

wonders

oftheworld,

the

Great

Wall.A.is B.

are C.was D.were【解析】選A。句子的主語是The

most

impressive

sight

inChina,并且句子表述的是一種事實,所以謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)的一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。7.

The

League

secretary

and

monitor

asked

to

make

aspeech

at

themeeting

yesterday.A.

is;

to

holdC.

are;

to

be

heldB.

was;

heldD.

were;

held【解析】選B。并列主語the

League

secretary

and

monitor表示同一概念,謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,同時由于themeeting已經(jīng)舉行了,所以用過去分詞形式表示完成。【加固訓練】Butter

and

bread

their

daily

food,

but

the

bread

and

thebutter

up

now.A.

is;

iseatenC.

are;

are

eatenB.

are;

have

been

eatenD.is;

have

been

eaten【解析】選D。前一空的butterandbread表示同一概念,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;后一空是指兩種不同食物,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故選D項。8.

(2014·合肥模擬)The

number

of

new

energy

vehicles

inChina’s

cities

to

reach

39,

000

by

the

end

of

next

year,according

to

Wan

Gang,

Chinese

Minister

of

Science

andTechnology.A.

are

expectedC.

are

expectingB.

is

expectingD.

is

expected【解析】選D。句意:據(jù)中國科技部部長萬鋼預(yù)測,到明年年底,中國城市的新能源車輛有望達到39

000

輛。the

numberof“……的數(shù)量”,作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù);句子主語是物,要用be

expected

to

do“被預(yù)期……”。9. A

certain

number

of

tourists

complaining

about

thehigh modation

priceduringthe

last

month.A.is B.

are C.

has

been D.

have

been【解析】選D。句子的主語由a

number

of修飾,

所以謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。由during

the

last month可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。10.

The

exercises

are

extremely

difficult,

but

half

of

theclass

them

ahead

of

time

so

far.A.

has

already

finishedC.

have

already

finishedB.

willfinishD.finishes【解析】選C。集體名詞class在這里表示班里的一個個成員,故謂語動詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。由so

far可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。11.

Every

possible means

to

prevent

the

spread

ofdisease.A.

have

triedC.

has

triedB.

have

beentriedD.

has

been

tried【解析】選D。means前面有every修飾,

故謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,

又因為主語與try是被動關(guān)系,

所以用被動形式。12.

Onethird

of

theworkers

in

thiscity

now

onstrike.A.is

to

be B.

is C.

are

to

be D.

are【解析】選D。句子的主語是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,故選D項。13.

Sixty

miles

ina

single

night,

so

they

were

exhausted.A.is

coveredC.

are

coveredB.

was

coveredD.

hascovered【解析】選B。sixty miles表示距離作主語,

根據(jù)句中的時態(tài),選B項。14.

an

English-Chinese

dictionary.A.

The

students

eachhaveC.

Each

thestudents

hasB.

The

students

each

hasD.

Each

of

the

students

have【解析】選A。each在這里作the students的同位語,

相當于代詞。主語students為復(fù)數(shù),

故謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù),

不能用has。15.

Facing

the

economic

depression,

every

possible

means

this

year

to

save

the

company

from

going

bankrupt.A.

has

been

triedC.

have

been

triedB.

has

triedD.have

tried【解析】選A。means由every修飾作主語,

謂語動詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù),且主語與try為被動關(guān)系,故選擇A項。16.

Tom

was

the

onlyone

of

theboyswho

praised

by

ourteacher

at

the

class

meeting

yesterday.A.is B.

are C.was D.were【解析】選C。one

of

the

boys前面有the

only修飾,

謂語動詞用單數(shù),

又因為時間是yesterday,

所以用一般過去時態(tài)。17.Thefather,alongwithhistwosons,

fromthe

big

fireby

the

firefighters.A.have

rescuedC.

has

rescuedB.

have

been

rescuedD.

has

beenrescued【解析】選D。當主語后面有alongwith時,謂語動詞由主語的形式?jīng)Q定,主語thefather是第三人稱單數(shù)且與rescue為被動關(guān)系,故選擇D項。18.

More

than

one

student

punished.

More

studentsthan

one

praised.A.

are;

isC.

were;wasB.

were;

wereD.

was;

were【解析】選D。句中主語由“morethanone/a(an)”修飾時,謂語用單數(shù);但如果主語是“more+名詞的復(fù)數(shù)+than

one”這一結(jié)構(gòu)時,后面的謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。故選D。19.

Either

of

these

young

ladies

perfectly

qualified

toteach

Greek,

Latin

and

French.A.were B.

are C.is D.have

been【解析】選C。either,

each,

neither,

everyone等不定代詞作主語時,

其后謂語需用第三人稱單數(shù)。20.

Either