中考英語復習人教新目標-非謂語動詞課件

非謂語動詞非謂語動詞包括動詞不定式、動名詞和分詞三種，其中分詞包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。非謂語動詞在句中不能單獨作謂語，不受主語的人稱和數(shù)的限制。非謂語動詞既有動詞性質(zhì)（比如可以有自己的賓語、狀語等），又有非動詞性質(zhì)（比如動名詞相當于名詞；分詞相當于形容詞和副詞；不定式相當于名詞、形容詞和副詞等）。構(gòu)成句子成分不定式to+動詞原形除謂語外的任何成分有將要之間動名詞doing主語賓語表語定語狀語賓補表一般情況分詞現(xiàn)在分詞doing表語賓補定語狀語主動、進行過去分詞done表語賓補定語狀語被動、完成動詞不定式動詞不定式可以在句中作賓語、賓語補足語和目的狀語等。動詞不定式由“to+動詞原形”構(gòu)成，有時to可以省略。動詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化，其否定形式為“not+動詞不定式”。e.g.TolearnEnglishwellisdifficult.動詞不定式作主語時，為了保持句子平衡，常用it代替它作形式主語，而將真正的主語——動詞不定式后置，上面的例句常寫為：It’sdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.考點一：作主語。形式主語代替動詞不定式的常用句型為：It’s+adj.+(of/forsb.)todosth.或It’s+n.+(forsb.)todosth.。e.g.It’sverynice

ofyoutooffermeaseat.

It’sverydangerousforchildren

tocrossthebusystreet.

Itwasgreatfun

tohaveapicnicthere.考點二：作賓語。常跟動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有agree,afford,decide,determine,expect,fail,hope,learn,offer,prepare,plan,promise,refuse,want等。注意：在find,

think等后跟動詞不定式作賓語時，常用it作形式賓語，而將真正的賓語——動詞不定式后置。e.g.I

find

it

hard

to

get

along

with

him.

中考鏈接1.Vivianrefuses___herchildrentotheweekendtrainingcentreforextraclasses.(2017上海)A.tosendB.sendingC.sentD.sends2.Weonlyplanned____theplayforanhour,butintheend,westayedforthreehours.(2017天津)A.watchB.watchesC.towatchD.watchedAC3.—Doyouhaveanyplansforthecomingvacation?—Sure.Wedecide____SanshainJuly.(2017重慶A卷)A.visitB.visitingC.visitedD.tovisit4.—Jack,whyhaveyoudecided___Chinesefolkmusicasacourses.—TolearnmoreaboutChineseculture.(2017江蘇蘇州)A.takeB.takenC.takingD.totakeDD5.Nowadays,it’sconvenientandcheapforus_____ashared-bicycle.(2017昆明)A.rideB.torideC.flyingD.tofly6.—Mario,yourmobilephoneisringing.—Waitaminute.It’sdangerousforus___itwhilecrossingthestreet.(2017四川南充)A.answeringB.toanswerC.answerD.answeredBB6.Thegirlstudentsarediscussing_____thewallsintheclassroom.(2017江蘇宿遷)A.whattopaintcolorB.topaintwhatcolorC.whichcolortopaintD.topaintwhichcolorC7.Theydecided_____abridgeovertheriver.(2015四川遂寧)A.buildB.tobuildC.building8.I

wanted

to

see

the

Beijing

Opera,

so

Lingling

offered

____

me

to

watch

an

opera.

(2016天津)A.took

B.takes

C.to

take

D.takingBC9.She

said

she

hoped

______her

daughter.

(2016湖南邵陽)A.to

see

B.you

to

see

C.seeing10.I

can’t

tell

you

what

she

said.

I’ve

promised

_____

it

a

secret.

(2016上海)

A.keep

B.to

keep

C.keeping

D.kept

AB考點三：作賓語補足語。1.

一些動詞后常跟動詞不定式作賓語補足語，這類動詞有allow,call,want,tell,advise,ask,warn,encourage,invite,order,teach等。提示：help跟的賓語補足語既可以是帶to

的動詞不定式，也可以是不帶to的動詞不定式。

e.g.Canyouhelpthegirl(to)movethechair?2.

使役動詞(如make,let等)及感官動詞(如see,feel,hear,watch,notice等)后跟動詞不定式作賓語補足語時需省略to。注意在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時要加上to。

e.g.Isawayoungmanentertheroom.Shewasoftenheardtosingthissong.中考鏈接1.Tokeepchildrenawayfromdanger,wewarnparents____childrenathomealone.(2017湖北孝感)A.leaveB.toleaveC.notleaveD.nottoleave2.—Ididn’thearyoucomeinjustnow.—That’sgood.Itried___thebabyup.(2017四川樂山)A.towakeB.nottowakeC.wakingDB3.Ourteacheroftenadvisesus_____thehabitofmakingnoteswhilereading.(2016蘇州)

A.

todevelop

B.

develop

C.

to

developing

D.

developing4.You

should

ask

Bob

___

his

own

clothes.Heistenyearsoldnow.(2016重慶A卷)A.washB.washesC.washingD.towashAD5.We

advise

parents

______

their

children

at

home

alone

in

order

to

keep

them

away

from

danger.(2016黑龍江東)A.

not

to

leave

B.

not

leave

C.

not

leaving

A考點四：作定語。動詞不定式可以作名詞的定語；還可在某些句型中作定語，與所修飾的名詞是動賓關系。e.g.Ihaven’thadthechancetothinkyet.

（作名詞的定語）提示：動詞不定式作定語修飾名詞且為動賓關系時，如果動詞為不及物動詞，后面要加上相應的介詞。e.g.Tina

has

no

paper

to

write

on.

Joining

a

summer

camp

is

a

greatchance

____

free

time

with

your

friends.

(2016吉林)A.spendB.spendingC.tospendC中考鏈接考點四：

作狀語。動詞不定式作狀語往往表示原因、目的、結(jié)果等。e.g.Theyweresurprisedtofindthatnobodywasinthehouse.

(表示原因)

Togetagoodseatshearrivedatthehallearly.

(表示目的)Theboyisoldenoughtotakecareofhimself.

(表示結(jié)果)

說明：1.hadbetter，

wouldrather，

Whynot...?，Will/Wouldyouplease...?后面接不帶to的動詞不定式。

e.g.Tocatchtheearlybus,you’dbettergetupearlytomorrowmorning.2.

動詞不定式可以和疑問詞what，

which，

how，where，

when等連用，構(gòu)成動詞不定式的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)。

e.g.Canyoutellmewheretobuyamap?中考鏈接1.Wheneverwekidscomeover,AuntieSusanjuststandsthereandwatchesus___surewedon’tbreakanything.(2017河南)

A.

make

B.

made

C.

to

makeD.

making2.Asavolunteer,thegirlwantstovisitsickkidsinthehospital___themup.(2016山東青島)A.tocheerB.cheerC.cheeringD.cheeredCA3.—

I’llhaveaten-dayholiday.ButIdon’tknow______.

—

HowaboutParis?

(2016成都)

A.whattodo

B.

wheretogoC.

whentogoB4.The

Chinese

team

are

working

hard

____honors

in

the

2016Olympic

Games.

(2016湖南株洲)A.to

win

B.win

C.winning

5.It’s

getting

dark.

You’d

better

_____out

by

yourself.

It’s

dangerous.(2016四川宜賓)A.not

go

B.not

to

go

C.to

go

AA6.I

bought

a

big

box

________

books

for

kids

in

poor

areas.

(2016吉林長春)A.

collects

B.

to

collect

C.

collect

D.

collectedB動詞-ing形式動詞的-ing形式由“動詞原形+-ing”構(gòu)成，其否定形式為“not+動詞的-ing形式”。動詞的-ing形式在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語、賓語補足語等?？键c一：作主語。動名詞作主語和動詞不定式作主語，在很多情況下可以通用。e.g.Playing/Toplaycomputergamestoomuchisbadforyoureyes.

_____isthebestwaytokeepagoodrelationshipwithyourparents,teachersandotherpeoplearoundyou.ActivecommunicatingB.ActivelycommunicatingC.ActivelycommunicationD.Activecommunicate中考鏈接B考點二：作賓語。1.在初中階段我們需要掌握的后跟動詞-ing形式作賓語的詞語有dislike,consider,enjoy,finish,imagine,keep,mind,practice,suggest,giveup,putoff,keepon,bebusy,havefun,beafraidof,begoodat,beinterestedin,beusedto,lookforwardto,feellike,thanksfor等。

2.

有些及物動詞（如like，

love，

hate，

begin，

start等）既可以跟動詞的-ing形式作賓語，也可以跟動詞不定式作賓語，且意思上沒什么差別。如：

e.g.Doyoulikereading/toread?

3.

有些及物動詞（如remember，

forget，

stop，

try等）既可以跟動詞的-ing形式作賓語，也可以跟動詞不定式作賓語，但意義有別。

forget/remembertodosth.

忘記

/

記得要做某事forget/rememberdoingsth.

忘記

/

記得做過某事stoptodosth.

停下來去做某事stopdoingsth.

停止做某事

trytodosth.

設法做某事trydoingsth.

嘗試做某事needtodosth.

需要去做某事needdoing

需要被做meantodosth.

打算去做某事meandoingsth.

意味著做某事usedtodosth.

過去常常做某事beusedtodoingsth.

習慣于做某事中考鏈接1.Theworkersarebusy___windowstothenewbuildingthesedays.(2017上海)

A.

fix

B.

fixed

C.

fixingD.tofix2.Daveisagoodboyandhealwaysfinishes___hishomeworkontime.(2017重慶B卷)A.doB.didC.doesD.doingCD3.—NowadayslotsofproductsfromChinaareverypopularintheworld.

—Yeah!Manypeoplecanhardlyavoid___productsmadeinChina.(2017湖北黃岡)

A.

tobuyB.

buying

C.

boughtD.

buyB4.

We

feel

like

_____

some

food

and

drink

because

we’ll

invite

some

friends_____in

a

party.(2016黑龍江齊齊哈爾)A.buying,

to

join

B.to

buy,

joining

C.buying,

join

A5.After

she

finished

______the

story,

Alice

wrote

a

review

for

her

school

newspaper.

(2016上海)A.read

B.reads

C.to

read

D.reading6.Bruce

practices

________

basketball

every

day

so

that

he

can

be

a

better

player.

(2016海南)A.

play

B.

to

play

C.

playingDC7.My

father

used

to

drive

to

work,

but

he

is

used

to

______

now.

(2016貴州六盤水)A.walking

B.walked

C.walks

D.walkA考點三：賓語補足語一些動詞既可以接動詞不定式又可接動詞-ing形式，作賓語補足語的有區(qū)別。感官動詞(如see，watch，notice，hear，feel等)

后既可跟不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語，也可以跟動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語。前者表示動作的全過程，后者表示動作正在進行。

中考鏈接1.Chinahasseenatrend(潮流)of____sharedbikessincelastyear.

(2017江蘇鹽城)A.ride

B.riding

C.take

D.taking2.MyfavoriteTVprogramis