屆 英語演講課 第周

Chapter3SupportingPoints(提煉分論點)HowtoDevelopSupportingPointsfromaThesisStatement主講教師：胡大為LastWeek’sTopicsT1:BikeridinginChinaT2:HoneymoonandmarriageT3:GenderdiscriminationatworkT4:EducationalequalityinChinaFourtypesofmistakesinwritingthesisstatement(中心論點句常見錯誤類型):1.Announcementsinsteadofstatements.2.Statementsaretoobroad.3.Statementsaretoonarrow.4.Statementsdevelopmorethanoneidea.QuickReviewofThesisStatementThreemajoraimsofspeakingorwriting-Newtoinform

(Quantumphysicsenablesquicktravel.)-Importanttopersuade

(Happinessismoreimportantthanfinancialsuccess.)-Interestingtoentertain(ClassicwordsfromShaWujinginJourneytotheWest.)Chapter3SupportingPoints(提煉分論點)Threemajoraimsofspeakingorwriting-Newtoinform

(Objects,process,events,concepts,etc.)-Importanttopersuade

(Questionsoffact,value,policy,etc.)-Interestingtoentertain(Hilariousthingsofallkinds)Chapter3SupportingPoints(提煉分論點)Generalordersofarrangingsupportingpoints1)Chronological(Time)Order-Toinformonevents2)SpatialOrder-Toinformonscenicspots3)Problem-SolutionOrder-Topersuadeonaseriousissue4)TopicalOrder-subtopics,toinform/persuade5)EmphaticOrder-“Savingthebesttilllast.”Chapter3SupportingPoints(提煉分論點)Title(Topic)oftheEssayOpeningremarkstocatchreader’sinterestThesisstatementPlanofdevelopment(optional)Topicsentence1(supportingpoint1)SpecificevidenceTopicsentence2(supportingpoint2)SpecificevidenceTopicsentence3(supportingpoint3)SpecificevidenceSummary(optional)Generalclosingremarks(Orboth)Introduction(BeginningPart)BodyConclusion(EndingPart)Howtocombine3aimsand5orderstodevelopsupportingpointsintherightway?1)Yourthesisstatement2)Yourpurpose(toinform/persuade)3)YouraudienceChapter3SupportingPoints(提煉分論點)InformativespeechPersuasivespeechChapter3SupportingPoints(提煉分論點)Ab熱ou伍t稻in牲fo跳rm另at危iv御e攜sp四ee辯ch晃(信息柳型演疑講)1)No格t濁t(yī)o軟s綱up擴(kuò)po瀉rt莊a姿c躍au朝se2)Is頭t俊he您i籃nf衫or騙ma邁ti獨on挖c拳om榴mu樓ni貪ca熱t(yī)e煉d妄ac怒cu垃ra朽te共ly砌?3)Is園i泥t弱co雄mm亞un羊ic析at仆ed車c遞le欣ar管ly肥?4)Is蜘i莊t黨me削an維in江gf偷ul芳a印nd廊i寸nt部er嫩es少ti畏ng積t抗o脈th療e胞au榜di抱en采ce亂?5)Is桂i腳t破ne勤w番or買u窯ni縮慧qu莫e?Ch絹ap庸te職r池3環(huán)Su緞pp怠or標(biāo)ti講ng直P摘oi聽nt賀s駝(提煉閱分論業(yè)點)Ch炸ap身te身r私3咳Su鄭pp猾or哀ti尖ng廉P幻玉oi縱nt輪s閥(提煉滴分論棄點)InformativeSpeeches(信息型演講)ObjectsTherearethreemilestoneproductsinApple’srenaissance.1.iPod2.iPhone3.iPad(ChronologicalOrder)ProcessStagemagiciansusethreecommonmethodstoperformtheirtricks---mechanicaldevices,sleightofhandandcooperationwithassistants.1.Mechanicaldevices2.Sleightofhand3.Assistants(TopicalOrder)EventsTherearethreeroundsofU.S.presidentialdebatesin2012.1.Firstround–UniversityofDenver2.Secondround–HofstraUniversity3.Thirdround–LynnUniversity(SpatialOrder)ConceptsTherearegenerallythreetypesofresponsibilitiesforcompanies.1.Profitresp.–owners,shareholders2.Stakeholderresp.–customers3.Societalresp.–tax,foodsafety,environment,etc.(TopicalOrderandEmphaticOrder)Ab毫ou置t平pe李rs本ua煌si賣ve彼s須pe訪ec剃h厘(說服尼型演喚講)1)Ge碰t笑li鍛st劈燕en驢er炊s鳴to身a粒gr波ee傾w夜it翅h刃yo帖u糊an數(shù)d臨to圈a輔ct牙.2)Li作st怕en君er詠s妥ma艇y葛ar績gu閱e,蠢i混ns叔id側(cè)e跪th澆ei康r承ow肆n果mi號nd悠s,棵w執(zhí)it雕h蠟th值e艷sp再ea襲ke術(shù)r.3)Pu璃t財yo攤ur象se車lf足i顯n戰(zhàn)th勁e傳pl噴ac租e罰of浴t親he惕a湊ud扁ie聽nc蜜e.4)DO絡(luò)N兔OT屢e劍xp同ec瘦t凡al磨l云th臂e響au伴di識en辟ce玩t起o夸ag傘re利e巴wi款th貴y交ou皇.Ch轟ap疑te隱r擾3耕Su筍pp雖or茶ti灰ng墳P社oi腥nt呢s鴉(提煉粘分論彈點)1)架P避er欣su肢as肚iv愚e系sp蔬ee套ch稅es輛o跡n蓬qu鐵es屢ti黎on候s略of裕f用ac謀t:Th肺e濾En績gl話is訴h嚷pl踏ay威s哈at邊tr廢ib身ut竟ed漢t誰o垮Wi隆ll險ia命m泊Sh役ak抖es恢pe患ar絡(luò)e豆we抓re曾a憲ct呼ua右ll幼y帥wr呼it攔te頁n押by堆s婚om戰(zhàn)eo柴ne廉e巾ls設(shè)e.1.鋸B剛io懸gr漸ap纏hi簡ca貧l臘an顧d奮te鴉xt飼ua蓄l鞋ev女id坡en芹ce對s村ug拒ge擁st駝t必ha穿t紐奉Sh吧ak俱es綠pe攝ar吩e印di芳d事no店t苗wr陣it叉e愁th手e請pl爛ay援s.2.欣H劑is纏to蜓ri驚ca賣l切ev姓id蛛en夏ce敲i漿nd伶ic劍at毀es挨t寫ha對t首th腥os晌e桑pl勤ay氧s勸we梯re族p皆ro醒ba腳bl蓋y調(diào)wr茫it鼠te雪n危by煮e深it格he色r盯Fr淺an問ci堡s且Ba狀co脅n小or愁E追dw戀ar綠d般de躺V緣瑞er襲e.3.夢M松od帽er田n林co虜mp露ut辜er贈t男ec脅hn平ol敏og蘿ie良s濁al治so摟f傅ou斷nd博o沖ut斧t噴he夾s常ha烏rp椒d盛if菊fe摩re朽nc乎e逐be刻tw捧ee廢n仗hi敗s蠅ea束rl秒y杰wo注rk筋s承an勾d返th胡e畫mo捏re撫f向am頁ou茶s疤on霉es千.Ch漸ap產(chǎn)te預(yù)r龜3拜Su碎pp森or裕ti妹ng狂P欲oi稀nt看s伍(提煉震分論樹點)2)據(jù)P弓er赤su吐as受iv谷e需sp伙ee暢ch莊es愈o否n肌qu登es森ti釘on洋s副of鑄v渡al菌ue收:-臉Ar蔽gu適e虎ab暮ou惱t俯wh青at誕i屠s倒ri月gh弟t導(dǎo)or親w糾ro擺ng嫁(悉no倍t丈to席o攝sp定ec染if窮ic常)-貧Or喘de粒r椅of份d嗓ev棚el鄙op應(yīng)me咽nt南:似B亭ei搏ng揪o針rg胡an捕iz耀ed錄t隔op錄ic怕al斷l(xiāng)y-St啄ra瘡te能gi刃es躁:(S鞠up斧po廁rt廢in情g監(jiān)po尿in飽t春1)傻E居st派ab公li肌sh及t憐he箏s腫ta案nd史ar厘ds葵f遇or蹦y戒ou風(fēng)r調(diào)va捉lu糧e跪ju升dg漂me舒nt曾.(S那up檔po格rt儀in冤g溝po檔in鐵t石2)憲A躺pp敵ly點t歲ho尸se疑s芳ta適nd薯ar租ds面t宿o舞th墻e混su鬼bj乞ec返t哲of勝y竹ou昨r碎sp拴ee忽ch越.(S遣up材po鵝rt凍in炒g幻玉po亞in吊t蔬3)遼O鮮ff返er斥m華or斃e蔑su抄pp姥or體ti鵲ng萬e侍vi逼de型nc秘e姿be錯si仍de植s耍th展e狹st買an梳da鄭rd生s.Ch獄ap歉te江r常3堅Su恩pp遭or杠ti腹ng部P絮oi頌nt漢s吵(提煉俊分論諒點)2)Persuasivespeechesonquestionsofvalue:(P1)ThesisStatementBikeridingistheidealformoflandtransportationbecauseitisfaster,non-pollutingandhealthy.(P2)StandardsforidealformAnidealformoflandtransportationshouldmeetthreemajorstandards.Itshouldbefasterthanrunningorwalking.Itshouldbenonpolluting.Itshouldbebeneficialfortherider.(P3)ApplicationofthestandardsBikeridingmeetsallthesestandardsforanidealformoflandtransportation.Itisfasterthanwalkingorrunning.Itisnotasourceofair,land,water,ornoisepollution.Itisbeneficialforthehealthoftherider.(P4)OthersupportingevidenceBikeridingcanbringotherbenefits.Itsavesalotofmoney.Itsavesthebotheroffindingparkinglot.Practiceofpersuasivespeechesonquestionsofvalue:ThesisStatementCollegeisstressfulformanyAmericanstudents.StandardsforstressfulthingsApplicationofthestandardsOthersupportingevidencePracticeofpersuasivespeechesonquestionsofvalue:ThesisStatementCollegeisstressfulformanyAmericanstudents.StandardsforstressfulthingsAmericanstudentsarealwaysfacingalotofstressfulthings.Theacademicpressure.Tooyoungtodealwithinterpersonalrelations.Tuitionanditsfinancialburdenforparents.ApplicationofthestandardsCollegeexacerbates(加劇)allthosestressfulthings.Collegecoursesaremuchhardertograsp.Collegeisasmallsocietywithmorecomplexinterpersonalrelationsthanhighschool.Highcollegetuitionandfewscholarships.OthersupportingevidenceCollegealsoleadstootherstressfulthings.S.A.T.resultmatterstoomuchforadmission.Mismatchbetweenmajorandjobopportunities.3)霉P去er融su衰as濫iv礦e閑sp礙ee依ch迷es跳o像n趣qu編es哀ti蘆on暈s恥of脹p畫ol恢ic修y:-龜Sp常ec柏if摧ic裝a認(rèn)ct任io租ns把.-儲So犁me夠th是in渾gsh劇ou辱ldorsh由ou棵ld鳳n增otbe縣d狼on煎e.-煙Or級de油rs初a狂nd高s歌tr柴at際eg遞ie辦s:(A捕)婦Pr江ob謝le涉m-止Ca串us傭e-允So垃lu見ti頓on除o楚rd鮮er(S欣up盼po疑rt圖in皮g杯po索in餃t態(tài)1)末T何he研s寇er祖io捕us道ne銳ss便o裕f質(zhì)th餅e焰pr撐ob雨le雖m(S悟up腐po裕rt傅in薄g歡po卵in媽t恒2)胞T延he蜓c寶au譽se滑s倆of愈t衡he患p捧ro呢bl臥em(S璃up叛po押rt艙in貪g蟲po棄in蔽t姻3)韻T愈he尸s刪ol巖ut塞io薄n騎of欄t兄he樂p娘ro窮bl擋emCh倘ap兄te盈r煤3月Su菠pp攜or即ti希ng勾P愿oi禾nt好s道(提煉腐分論璃點)Practiceofproblem-cause-solutionorder:ThesisStatementWeshoulddevelopnewenergyresourcestotackleglobalwarming.Theseriousnessoftheproblem1)Withrisingsealevel,manycitieswillbeunderwater.2)Extremelycoldorhotweatherkillsmanypeople.3)Therewillbemoredeadlydiseases.Thecausesoftheproblem1)Emissionoffossilfuel.2)Destructionofmanyforests.3)Increasingglobalpopulation.Thesolutionoftheproblem1)Reducetheuseoffossilfuel.2)PlantmoretreestocaptureCO2.3)Developneworrenewableenergyresources.(EmphaticOrder)3)階P負(fù)er凝su檔as份iv讀e哈sp蓋ee泰ch頭es悲o所n拳qu運es神ti逢on役s需of鄉(xiāng)豐p尿ol綠ic奸y:-幣Sp辱ec魔if偶ic更a絮ct免io拋ns多.-遵So堆me付th蠻in挺gsh炊ou淘ldorsh衰ou竄ld存n挺otbe晨d蔽on幕e.-壞Or列de摩rs瘡a絞nd均s仇tr鑄at齒eg跑ie撕s:(B塞)暗Co六mp盟ar主at坡iv栽e油Ad倉va宰nt民ag獅e臺or耐de獎r(S職up諒po泊rt其in壯g沖po膽in賓t晌1)臉C辱om蹲pa脫ri伏so謙n時on脆e(S誘up主po芽rt簽in浪g槳po揚in怖t己2)換C頸om談pa役ri迫so黃n皇tw芝o(S狀up蜓po值rt錫in磨g句po甚in沈t當(dāng)3)撫C棍om揚pa少ri羅so紫n擠th羞re嚇eCh蠢ap銀te秀r銳3符Su壤pp崗or踩ti應(yīng)ng引P派oi午nt翼s著(提煉牧分論早點)Practiceofcomparativeadvantageorder:ThesisStatementYoungpeopleshouldbuyausedcarinsteadofanewoneastheirfirstcar.ComparativeAdvantage1Unlikenewcars,usedcarscanbelessexpensive.ComparativeAdvantage2Unlikenewcars,usedcarsdon’tlosetheirvaluesoquickly.ComparativeAdvantage3Unlikenewcars,usedcarsarelesslikelytobestolen.Ti位ps棉f涌or隱w仍ri瓣ti昌ng兼s句up罵po倘rt燭in葛g俘po響in認(rèn)ts徐:1.緒L拒im繡it司t蛋he按n恨um運be輝r夠of而s志up興po圾rt呢in速g薄po染in念ts叮(雞2-昆3)歲.Ch油ap示te蠢r帆3姻Su村pp鑄or諷ti君ng孝P忽oi纖nt役s坊(提煉舊分論竿點)Ti娃ps坑f綱or寺w腫ri浮ti伏ng森s欄up份po岡rt導(dǎo)in鮮g斥po領(lǐng)in祖ts宅:Li匠mi守t盡th穴e駐nu偷mb疏er流o奸f項su撥pp榨or碎ti潤ng思p朝oi閘nt插s騎(2稍-3進(jìn)).Ke監(jiān)ep換s搶up響po扣rt勵in丙g屆po誓in持ts濤s孟ep框ar勇at撲e.Ch河ap滅te咸r恰3否Su冒pp負(fù)or垂ti付ng驗P桐oi溫nt耗s岡(提煉境分論細(xì)點)StepstoputanelephantintoafrigIneffectiveMoreEffective1.Openthefrig2.Puttheelephantinandclosethefrigdoor1.Openthefrig2.Puttheelephantin3.ClosethefrigdoorTi防ps孟f旅or估w畏ri受ti兔ng垮s證up回po喉rt蘿in策g層po確in罵ts煙:Li巧mi戀t億th爐e炒nu磨mb儉er序o職f恒su蓮pp脈or繪ti記ng撫p溜oi維nt飾s丘(2押-3冷).Ke硬ep荷s木up應(yīng)po趟rt掠in應(yīng)g塘po沙in驕ts猜s溝ep仆ar粗at加e.Us對e甘th荒e阻sa維me騰p挪at陸te熱rn腸o法f貞wo爐rd令in好g旋fo霜r答su抬pp癢or旬ti計ng膀p可oi確nt炎s.厘(v欠oi桃ce毫a芽nd卻s理tr姻uc評tu卸re下)Ch碑a(chǎn)p崖te竹r居3秤Su刷pp更or虜ti健ng鞠P剖oi側(cè)nt爽s謊(提煉周分論編點)WeshoulddoregularexerciseIneffectiveMoreEffectiveRegularexerciseincreasesyourendurance.Yoursleepingpatternisimprovedbyregularexercise.Itispossibletocontrolyourweightbyregularexercise.Regularexerciseincreasesyourendurance.R