專題復(fù)習課被動語態(tài)

專題復(fù)習課The

Passive

Voice被

動 語

態(tài)復(fù)習目標1、掌握語態(tài)基本概念；2、熟悉常見語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換；3、在語篇中理解和運用被動語態(tài)。復(fù)習重點:一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時的被動語態(tài)；一般現(xiàn)在時帶情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。復(fù)習難點:被動語態(tài)中be形的確定；主動語態(tài)中省略to的賓補在被動語態(tài)中須補上to.一、基本概念復(fù)習1、觀察結(jié)構(gòu)執(zhí)行者+及物動詞+承受者Workers

主make

cars in

this

factory.謂

賓承受者+be+及物動詞過去分詞+(by+執(zhí)行者)Cars

主are

made

(by

workers) in

this

factory.謂2、總結(jié)概念：謂語動詞的執(zhí)行者作主語，用

主動

語態(tài)。謂語動詞的承受者作主語，用

被動

語態(tài)。playoftenuse

…

for

…Football

is

often

playedall

over

the

world.A

camera

is

usedfor

taking

photos.rob

yesterdaysend

up last

yearA

bankwas

robbedyesterday.A

man-made

satellitewas

sent

up

intospace

last

year.mustplantbe

covered

withTrees

must

beplanted

on

theground.The

ground

will

becovered

with

treesin

a

few

years’

time.digeat

upThe

earth

is

beingdug

now.The

food

has

beeneaten

up

already.Football

is

often

played

allover

theworld.A

man-made

satellite

was

sent

up

into

spacelastyear.The

ground

will

be

covered

with

trees

in

afew

years’

time.The

tree

must

be

planted

on

the

ground.Theearthis

being

dug

now.The

food

has

been

eaten

up

already.一般現(xiàn)在時：am/is/are+vt.p.p.一般過去時：was/were

+vt.p.p.情態(tài)動詞：must

/can

/could

/may+be

+vt.p.p.現(xiàn)在進行時:be

(am/is/are)+being

+vt.p.p.一般將來時:will

be/be

going

to

be

+vt.p.p.現(xiàn)在完成時:have/has+been

+vt.p.p.當我們不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者，或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時，或者只需強調(diào)動作的承受者時，要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)：主語是動作的承受者。被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：be

+vt.p.p.二、常見語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換（一）一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。請將下列主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)1.Lucy bought

some

fruit.2.Uncle

Wang

waters

the

flowers

every

day.Some

fruit

was

bought

by

Lucy.wateredThe

flowers

are

by

Uncle

Wang

every

day.Did they

build the

bridge

in

1998?

Was

the

bridge

built

in

1998?When

did

Lu

Xun

write

thesebooks?When

were

these

books

written

by

LuXun?Thefarmersdon’t grow

apples

on

thefarm.Apples

aren’t

on

thefarm.grown6.They

didn’t

clean

the

classroom

yesterday.The classroom

wasn’t

cleaned

yesterday.小結(jié)：1、被動語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換，在be+過去分詞中，確定

be

形

是關(guān)鍵，過去分詞永不變。2、Be的時態(tài)由

主動時態(tài)

確定；be的單/復(fù)數(shù)由

被動主語

確定。3、問句提前

be動詞

;

否定

be

后加not.1.含情態(tài)動詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)：(二）一般現(xiàn)在時帶情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。請將下列主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)。You

can

do

the

work

all

by

yourself.The

work

can

be

done

all

by

yourself.We

must

plant

more

trees.More

trees

must

be

planted

.We

should

dig

a

large

hole.A

largehole

should

be

dug

.Can

we

put

our

bikes

here?

Can

our

bikes

be

put

here?You

mustn’t

throw

rubbish

here.Rubbish

mustn’t be

thrown

here.We

can’t

see

many

stars.Many

stars

can’t

小結(jié)：

be

seen

.情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞.2.疑問句提前

情態(tài)動詞

;

否定句：情態(tài)動詞

+not.（三）、動詞+賓語+賓補結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換(以動詞ask和see

為例)1.ask

sb.

to

do

sth.

(帶to的不定式作賓補)(

省略to的不定式作賓補)(

V-ing作賓補

))(

變成被動，形式不變()被動補上to(sb.) be

asked

to

do

sth.see

sb.

do

sth.

(sb.)

be

seen

to

do

sth.see

sb.

doing

sth.(sb.) be

seen

doing

sth.(

形式不變

).請將下列主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)。1.The

farmer

made

the

horses work

the

whole

day.The

horses

were

made

work

the

whole

day.to

Mum

asks the

twins

not

to

swim in

the

lake.The

twins

are

asked

not

to

swim

inthelake.I

saw

a

mouse

run

into

the

room.Amouse

was

seen

to

run

intotheroom.I

often

hear

him

sing

English

songs.He

is

often

heard

to

sing

Englishsongs.I

saw

Lucy

playing

in

the

park

just

now.Lucy

was

seen

playing

in

the

park

just

now.They

watched

the

children sing

that

morning.The

children

were

watchedto

sing

that

morning.小結(jié):1.主動語態(tài)中省略to的賓補在被動中應(yīng)

補上to

.2.其它形式的賓補在被動中

不變

.不能使用被動語態(tài)的情況:

1.不及物動詞（vi.)不用被動語態(tài)。e.g.

happen,

appear,

disappear,come,

go,

arrive,

take

place,etc.e.g.

A

traffic

accident

happened(happen)

just

now.2.有些短語不用被動語態(tài)

do

one’s

best,make

a

face,make

room(騰位子）make

up

one’s

mind,belongtoHe

was

makinga

face

when

I

sawhim.3.連系動詞（Link.v.)不用被動語態(tài)。如：be,

look,

seem,

feel,

sound,

smell,taste,

get,

turn,

e…e.g.

Peking

Opera

sounds

(sound)beautiful.4.當此動詞表示事物的自然屬性的時候，不用被動語態(tài)。e.g.Thepen

writes

(write)

very

fast.Thiskindofsweater

sells

(sell)

well.Diligence

is

the

mother

ofsuccess.勤奮是成功之母。Multiple

Choice:(

D

)

If

the

work

,youcan

go

and

play

games.finishedhas

finishedwill

be

finishedis

finishedA.

stayC.stayingB.

to

stayD.stayed2.

(

B

)It

was

rainingheavily

outside,

thechildren

weremadeinthe

classroom.

(

C

)

Kate

theletterbefore

hermother

came

into

herbedroom.has

writtenwas

writtenhadwrittenis

writing(

B

)

To

make

ourcity more

beautiful,

rub- bish intotheriver.needn’tbe

thrownmustn’t

be

throwncan’t

throwmay

not

throw5.

(

A

)Ilike

my

bike.

Itverywell.A.rides B.

isridingC.

isriddenD.hasridden6.

(

D

)

—Iwon’t

cometothe

partyunless

Tom,too.—You

meanif

Tomcomes

,you’llcome.A.

will

inviteB.

invitesC.invited D.

isinvited(

A

)

Everyone

who heard

Mr.

Green’s story

it.laughed

atwas

laughedlaughedwas

laughed

at(D

)

The

childrenmust.look

afterbe

takengood

carelookthe

samebe

taken

good

care

of(

B

)Thewomanstill doesn’t

know

what in

her

hometown.happenshappenedwill

happenwas

happened(

B

)—Isawyoucametoschool

onfootthis

morning.—Yes.My

bike

.is

mendingis being

mendedis

mendedis

being

mendingFill

in

the

blanks using

right

forms:1.All

the

students

were

asked(ask)

tobring

a

kite

with

them

last

Sunday.Aremanyways tried

(try)

to

stoppeople

from

cutting

down so

manytre.

es?This coat

washes

(wash)

well.Must

the

old

people

be

spoken

(speak)to

politely?7.The

PRC

was

(成立)on

October

1,

1949.foundedI’moften

warned

(警告）not

to

copy

others’homework.He

couldn’t

explain

whydinosaurs

disappeared

(消失).Fill

in

the

missing

words

according

to

the

passage.Several

days

ago

a

large

tiger

escaped

from

the

zoobecause

it

(1)

wasn’t

fed

well（喂得不好）.One

morning

the

tiger

was

seen

(2)

to

run into

asmall

forest

near

the

city

(3)

by

some

people.

Thepeople

told

the

police

about

it

at

once.

They

said

that

thetiger

was

very

strong

,but

the

animals

around

it(4)

were

not

hit.

The

police

warned

people

not

to

goout

during

the

night.

Tom

was

made

not

(5)to

go

toschool

that

day.

The

police（6）were

asked

to

find

outthe

tiger

quickly

and

kill

it.But

the

police

said

the

tiger

shouldprotected

and

well

looked

after

if

it

was(12) .

It

must

(13) given

themost

food

be

.cause

it

is

the

largest(7

)

befound

out.

In

the

evening

a

big

net

was

putaround

the

Forest

by

the

police.

Some

sheepwere

tied

to

the

treesbehind

the

net. When

the

sheep

were

heard

to

bleat

,

the

hungry

tiger

ran

out

tocatch

them.

At

last

the

tiger

was

caught

and

it(10)

was

takenbacktothezoo.Nowthetiger(11)

is

taken

good

careofbe看圖，寫一篇以HowtoPlantaTree?為題目的短文，要求內(nèi)容齊全，上下文連貫,展開合理想象。詞數(shù)：60—80。(盡可能多地使用被動語態(tài)）March

is

the

time

to

plant

trees.NowI’ll

tell

you

how

to

plant

trees.

First,

ahole

which

is

large

enough

for

the

treemust

be

dug.

Then,

a

long

and

strongstick

must

be

knocked

into

the

earthin

the

hole.

Next,

a

tree

will

be

putinto

the

hole