中考英語考前必背知識清單

中考英語?？贾R點歸納常考字母組合發(fā)音口訣：/e/與/?/字母a，大口/?/；字母e，小口/e/；Many，any特殊記；ea組合看前面。（如bread，ea組合與字母e發(fā)音保持一致/e/）注意say和said的發(fā)音。says中ay的發(fā)音為/ei/，said中ai的發(fā)音均為/e/Acrowdgatheredoutsidethehotel.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectedfortheunderlinedwordinthesentence?（2015一模楊A(yù))/ga:e?d/)/g?e?d/C)/geie?d/D)/gee?d/不定冠詞au(b,c)anf(h,l,m,n,r,s,x,a,e,I,o)auniversityanuncleahouseanhonestboyaEuropeancityanemptyroomaone-yuanstampan8-year-oldboy定冠詞thesunthepianothetallestboythefirstdaythepoortheGreatWallthegirlinredthehighjump零冠詞basketballsupperTom,monitorofClassThreeatschoolnextweekmyotherhand注意區(qū)分LessonOnetheFirstlessonbybusonabusinredinaredcoatatnightinthenighthavelunchhavearichlunchinspaceintheskyNinthStreettheninthmonth數(shù)詞常考數(shù)詞變化規(guī)則：1.第九去e（nine---ninth），四十無憂（u）（forty）2.one，two還可變成once和twice3.十二，二十要看清（twelve---twelfth，twenty---twentieth，inone'stwenties）4.還要注意大小寫twohundredstudentstwohundredofthestudentshundredsofstudentsone-thirdofthestudenttwo-thirdsofthestudentsonehourandahalfoneandahalfhoursaten-year-oldboytheboyistenyearsoldheisoverfiftyyearsoldheisinhisfiftiesit'stenminutes'walkit'saten-minutewalk名詞易錯名詞變化規(guī)則：1.以o結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)：黑人英雄愛吃土豆和西紅柿，真有意思（es）。negroes；heroes；potatoes；tomatoes。2.加or：導(dǎo)演挑演員，扮演發(fā)明家和參觀者。director；actor；inventor；visitor.furniture,fun,music,advice,weather,information,news,equipment,work是不可數(shù)名詞。trousers,glasses,jeans,pants,shoes,socks后接復(fù)數(shù)動詞；但以上這名詞前如用了apairof，后面動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)則取決于pair這一單詞本身在句中的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。anoldfriendofmyfather'stheBrowns'housetheteacher'sofficetheteacher'sdeskthestudents'librarytheChildren'sPalacetwogirl/boystudenttwowomen/menteacherstwoGermanteachers以“man”結(jié)尾，加“S”構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)的詞German,Roman,human,discman,walkman可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞jobworksuggestionadvicenewspapernewscoinmoney以“or”和“er”結(jié)尾的單詞orervisitorplayerprofessorwriterinventorwaiteractorleaderconductorsingertranslatordancer不定代詞reporterone…theother…one…another…some…theothers…some…theothers…therest(ofbooks/people)aresomethingelsesomething/anythingimportantbothofthemarehereneitherofthemishereeitherofthemishereallofthemareherenoneofthemarehere比較bothsidesoftheroad路的兩邊eithersideoftheroad路的兩邊allsidesofthesquare廣場的四周every/each/sideofthesquare廣場的每一邊therearesomesheepinthefieldsthereissomethingstrangeintheskywouldyoulendmesomemoney?shallwehavesomefishinsteadofchicken?willyougetussomethingtodrink?ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleaseletmeknowanystudentscanjointhesinginggroupanyonecanworkouttheproblemTomistallerthananyboyinhisclassMaryistallerthananyothergirlinherclassJackistallerthananyoneelseinhisclass"little"和"few"的用法1.一般情況下，“l(fā)ittle"用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞，"few"用于修飾可數(shù)名詞2.quite/only/just+alittle/afewso/very/too+little/few形容詞/副詞early,fast,hard,high,late,straight,likelyfriendly,lovely,silly,lonely,likely3.alive是形容詞，只能作表語，所以不能放在名詞前；living也是形容詞，一般用于名詞前，如livingthings=thingsalive易錯形容詞副詞變化規(guī)則：1.形容詞變比較級（餓死麻煩）：even，still，much，far修飾比較級。2.兼類詞shelf，形副同形straight；hard；early；late；fast60.Animalscanbringushappiness,comfortandeven______.(safe)57.Ifpeoplestilldon'tcareenoughfortheenvironment,theairwillbecomemuch__________.(bad)sheisabeautifuldancerthedancerisbeautifulshedancesbeautifullyhefoundtheroomemptytheresultwasreallysurprisingluckilyshewonthefirstprize原級sogoodtoobadverycleverquiteimportantratherdifficultoldenoughasoftenasnotas/soeasyas比較級biggerthanmuchbetterfarmoreusefulevenearlierstillgreateralittlelongerbetterandbettertheearlier...thebetter...常修飾比較級的詞even,still,much,far,abit,alittle,alot最高級thefastestinourclassthetallestoftheclassthesecondlongestriveroneofthelongestriversamongthebestthing注意區(qū)分quicklysoongoodwellalivelivingfarlonghardhardly形容詞副詞同形aheadaheadearlyearlyfastfasthardhardhighhighlatelatefun的三種句型itisgreatfuntodowhatgreatfunitishowfunny系動詞+adjsoundbeautifulkeepwarmlookangrylookangrilyatsthfeelsoftseemstrangetastedelicioussmellgoodbecomeusefulfailillgetangrystayawaketurnredgrowdarkcometruegowrong注意：a.helookedhappilyathissonb.helookedhappy一般現(xiàn)在時句子結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句主動語態(tài)：主語+動詞原形被動語態(tài)：主語+am/is/are+過去分詞否定句：主語+don't+動詞原形疑問句：will+主語+動詞原形關(guān)鍵詞：tonight,tomorrow,thisevening,nextyear等注：在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時一般將來時句子結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句主動語態(tài)：主語+動詞過去式被動語態(tài)：主語+was/were+過去分詞否定句：主語+didn't+動詞原形關(guān)鍵詞：justnow,thismorning,yesterday,lastyear等現(xiàn)在完成時句子結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句主動語態(tài)：主語+have/has+動詞的過去分詞被動語態(tài)：主語+have/has+been+動詞的過去分詞否定句：主語+have/hasnot+動詞的過去分詞疑問句：Have/has+主語+動詞的過去分詞will+主語+動詞原形關(guān)鍵詞：tonight,tomorrow,thisevening,nextyear等一般過去時句子結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句主動語態(tài)：主語+動詞過去式被動語態(tài)：主語+was/were+過去分詞否定句：主語+didn't+動詞原形疑問句：did+主語+動詞原形關(guān)鍵詞：justnow,thismorning,yesterday,lastyear等現(xiàn)在完成時句子結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句主動語態(tài)：主語+have/has+動詞的過去分詞被動語態(tài)：主語+have/has+been+動詞的過去分詞否定句：主語+have/has+動詞的過去分詞疑問句：have/has+主語+動詞的過去分詞關(guān)鍵詞：already,yet,just,ever,never,uptillnow，sofar,inrecentyears等現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時句子結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：主語+am/is/are+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞否定句：主語+am/is/arenot+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞疑問句：am/is/are+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他關(guān)鍵詞：now,

rightnow,

atthemoment,等過去進(jìn)行時句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+was/were+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他肯定句：

主語+was/were+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他否定句

：主語+was/werenot+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他疑問句：was/were+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他關(guān)鍵詞：具體時間+過去的時間狀語，如：at10o'clock過去將來時句子結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：主語+would+動詞原形+其他否定句：主語+wouldnot+動詞原形+其他疑問句：would+主語+動詞原形+其他過去完成時句子結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：主語+had+動詞的過去分詞+其他否定句：主語+hadnot+動詞的過去分詞+其他關(guān)鍵詞：by+過去的某一時間點，如bylastyear,

bytheendof等BythetimeIdidmyhomework,myfatherhadcleanedtheroom.注意以下動詞的用法makesbdo/powerful/president=sbbemadetodo/powerful/presidentfindthemandeadkeeptheroomcleanleavetheroomcleangeteverythingreadysetthemanfreehavegonetoBeijinghavebeentoBeijingsometimeshavebeeninBeijingforsometimehavebeentherefortwodaysraiseyourhandsraisethetemperaturethetemperaturerisestheriverrosetwofeetthesunrisesintheeastheroseearlytodosomereadingtakepartinthegroupsingingjoininthesinginggroupjointhesinginggroupattendthemeetinggoinforthelongjumpputupapictureputonaplayputoffameetingputoutafiretakeupEnglishtakedownamappulldownahousereachthepictureonthewallreachthetownarriveatschoolarriveinShanghaigettotownreach/get/arrivehomesbspendstimeindoingsthsbspendstimeonsthittakessbtimetodosthsbpaysmoneyforsthsbspendsmoneyonsthsbbuyssthformoneysthcostsmoneyitcostssbmoneytodosthhowmuchis…=howmuchdoes…costputonapairofglassesweararedT-shirthaveacoatondresssbinaredcoatbedressedinaredcoat=weararedcoatlookforabookintheroomfindamistakefindoutwhobrokethewindowdiscoveranewstarinventthefirstwatchlistentothereporthearthenewslookattheblackboardseeaUFOreadacard/mapwatchamathvisit/callonafriendbringthebookwhenyoucomeheretakethebookwhenyougotherefetchsomewatercarryfiftypassengerscarrymuchwatersaysomethingsayit/this/thatsayaword/afewwordssaygoodmorningtosbsay(tosb)thatwhatdidyousayatthemeetingtellthetime/theway/thedifferencetellastory/thetruth/thenewstellsbaboutthebook/hiswork/lifetellsbtodosthtallsbthattalkaboutsthspeakEnglishspeakatthemeetingspeaktosbaboutsthareyougoingtospeakatthemeetingwhatareyougoingtosayatthemeetingIwillhavetofindaroomtoliveinherunstoofastforanyonetokeepupwithusedtodosthbeusedtodosthbeusedtodoingsth情態(tài)動詞mayIwatchTVno,youmustn't/maynotmustIdotheworkno,youneedn'tmustbemaybecan'tbe注意need的用法needssthneedstododon'tneedtodoneedn'tdo在以下動詞后要用doingfinish，enjoy,

mind,

keep,

dosome..在以下動詞后要用todowouldlike,want,begin,

start

,hope,

decide…介詞時間ateight,atpresent,

atthemoment地點athome,atschool,

attheairport時間inthemorning,inspring,

inthelateafternooninaminute,inthefutureinnotime,inone'sfifties地點inthefactory,

inthecity,

intheforestintheworld,inspace時間onFriday,onweekdaysontime地點onthefarm,ontheright,onthewallonone'sside,

onone'sway其他overtheheadabovetheheadbetweenthetwo,alongtheriver注意區(qū)分besides除…以外。此外（加法）except除…以外，此外（減法）besidesTom,

JackalsowentfishingexceptTom,

weallwentfishinginaddition另外，此外還不用介詞thiseveningthatmorningthesedaysalldaysonemorningonedaylastweeknextTuesday注意以下介詞的用法timefor,moneyfor,ticketfor,wishforambitionfor,postagefor,visittowayto,entranceto,keyto,answerto感嘆詞whatacleverboyheis=hoeclevertheboyiswhatniceweatheritis=hownicetheweatheriswhatbeautifulflowers=howbeautifultheflowerarewhatimportantinformationitiswhatinterestingnewsitiswhatusefuladvicehegaveuswhatgoodworkhehasdonewhatgreatfunitistoflyakiteherewhataninterestingnewsreportitiswhatagreathelpitistoknowEnglishwhataquicklunchhehashadwhatahappylifewearelivingwhataheavyrainwehadlastnight反意疑問句thereislittletimeleft,

istheresherarely/seldom/neverdoesit,

doesshelet'sgohome,

shallweletusgohome,willyoupleasegoandbuymeapencil,willyouIdon'tthinkhewillcome,willheshedoesn'tthinkhewillcome,

doeshehefailed/disliked/disagreed…didn'theheistoldnotto…isn'theheisunhappy,isn'the賓語從句wouldyoupleasetellmeifhewillcometonightIwonderif/whetheritwillraintomorrowwhat'sthematter?what'swrong?what'syourtroublewhat'syourname?benotsure=if/whether狀語從句wewillholdameetingwhenMrLeecomesbackhewillphoneusifhecomestomorrowweshallgoonwiththegameiftherainstops劃線提問twentyminutes'

walkhowfartwentymilesanhourhowfastintwentyminuteshowsoonfortwentyminuteshowlongsince1998howlong/since/whenuntil9o'clockhowlong/untilwhenat8o'clockwhattimeduringsummerholidayswhenonceaweekhowoftenEnglishwhatlanguagetodowhy/what…for保持句意不變didn't…until=did…when…/…did…afterworkharder,andyouwillmakemuchprogressgetupnow,oryouwillmisstheearlybusifyoudon'tgetupnow,

youwillmisstheearlybusunlessyougetupnow,

youwillmisstheearlybustherearemanytreesoneithersideofthesquaretherearemanytreesonbothsidesofthestreettherearemanytreesonallsidesofthesquareyoumuststayuntilyourmothercomesbackyoucan'tleaveuntilyourmothercomesbackaskedwhenhewouldleaveforthecitybybikeaskedwhentocycletothecityaskedwhenhewouldgotothecitybybikegotoschoolonfoot=walktoschoolgotoschoolbybus=takeabustoschool=leaveforschoolbybusgohomebybike=rideabikehomegotothefactoryinahurry=hurrytothefactorydomeafavor=givemeahandgotoShanghaibyplane=flyto/takeaplanetoShanghaihaveawordwithsb=talktosbbeproudof=takeprideingo/walkacross=crossbelocatedin=liein=standinasksbtodo=havesbdo=havesthdonespendone'sholidayin=goto…forone'sholiday瞬間動詞與狀態(tài)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換thefilmbegantenminutesago=thefilmhasbeenonfortenminuteshejoinedthearmytwo

yearsago=hehasbeeninthearmyfortwoyearsshebecameateacherthreeyearsago=shehasbeenateacher

forthreeyearsheborrowedabookaweekago=hehaskeptthebookforaweekhediedtwodaysago=hehasbeendeadfortwodaysheleftShanghailastyear=hehasbeenawayfromShanghaiforayear表示提建議的五種方式whynotdo…whydon'tyoudo…whataboutdoing…h(huán)owaboutdoing…you'dbetterdo…主謂一致問題people,

thepolice,

the+adj.

both…and時間和金錢數(shù)量做主語threedaysistooshortformetofinishthejobthreedayshavepassedsincehediedintheaccidenteitheror…,neither…nor,notonly…butalso…,therebe…aswellas,togetherwith,

alongwith,

but,except,

with5.分?jǐn)?shù)及其他部分詞做代詞時，單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)指代的名詞決定three-fourthsoftheearthismadeupwater,

andtherestisland注意區(qū)分the/asingeranddanceristhe/asingerandthe/adanceristhenumberof…isanumberof…are語言功能——有me無me—Wouldyouliketodo…?—Yes,I’dloveto.—I’dloveto,but…提供吃喝的—Wouldyoulike…/metobring…?—Yes,please./No,thanks.提供幫助的—Wouldyoulikemetodo…?—That’skindofyou.-Wouldyoulikemetobringyousomeicedjuice?--______Ofcoursenot.B)It’smypleasure.C)Yes,I’dliketo.D)Yes,please.1.—Thecaseisveryheavy,MissWu.Wouldyoulikemetocarryitforyou?—________.A)Withpleasure. B)No,youneedn't.C)Yes,I'dloveto. D)It'sverykindofyou.2.---Wouldyoulikemetobringyouacupofcoffee?---____________.A)Yes,I’dliketo.B)It’sapleasure.C)Yes,please D)Itdoesn’tmatter.3.A:Wouldyouliketojoinusinthepicnic?B:_______.A)Notatall. B)Idon’tthinkso. C)I’dliketo,butIcan’t.D)It’sverykindofyou.——Withpleasure與Mypleasure的區(qū)別未幫助：Withpleasure(未幫忙用with)道謝時：Mypleasure=It’sapleasure(別人對你道謝時)—Thankyouforcomingtoseemeoff.—___________I’mfine. B)Myduty.C)Nicetoseeyouoff. D)Mypleasure.—Willyouhelpmewiththeluggage?It'stooheavy.—__________.A)Withpleasure.B)Nevermind.C)Notatall.D)That’sright.功能句A：What'sthedatetodayB:

It'sMay17,1998C:WhatdayistodayD:It'sMondayA:WouldyoulikeanappleB:Yesplease/thankyou/no,thanksA:

WouldyoulikemetohelpyouB：Yesplease/yes,thankyouA：Would

youliketogotomebirthdayB:I'dliketoA:

Would/can/couldyouhelpme…B:Allright/certainly/sure/yes,

ofcourse/noproblemA:I'msorryB:That'sallright/notatall/itdoesn'tmatter/nevermindA:ThankyouB:Youarewelcome/notatall/don'tmentionit/it'smypleasureA:

Wouldyouminddoing…B:Ofcoursenot/certainlynot/I'mafraidIwould/notatallA:CongratulationsB:ThankyouA:Youlooksobeautifultoday/youspeakverygoodEnglishB:Thankyou/it'sverykindofyoutosaysoA:HappybirthdayB:ThankyouA:HappynewyearB:Thankyou/thesametoyouA:ShallIdo…foryouB:Yesplease/noyouneedn't/no,thanksA:Let's…,shallweB:That'sagoodideaA:

You'dbetter…B:

Yes,Iwill.

thankyouA:

MayIuseyour…B:Sure/certainly/ofcourse/hereyouareA:Here'sapresentforyouB:Thankyou,

it'slovely?？纪x詞組agreewithsb.havethesameidea/opinionwith 同意某人的觀點、意見2.apologizetosb./saysorrytosb./makeanapologytosb. 因…而向某人道歉3.arriveat/insomeplace/gettosomeplace/reachsomeplace 到達(dá)某地4.atlast/intheend/finally 最后5.atonce/immediately/innotime 立刻，馬上6.beabletodosth./managetodosth. 有能力做某事；7.beunabletodo/failtodo 未能做某事8.beaged30/be30yearsold 30歲9.bebadfor/beharmfulto/doharmto 對……有害10.bedifferentfrom/(not)bethesameas 與……不同11.beinterestedin/show/take/haveinterestin 對……感興趣的12.bemadeupof/consistof 由……組成13.bepleasedwith/besatisfiedwith 對……感到滿意14.beresponsiblefor/