The-Conqueror-Who-had-been-conquered-by-the-Conquered-希臘羅馬文化英語論文

TheConquerorWhohadbeenconqueredbytheConqueredI.AbstractMaybeeveryonewillknowasaying:theconquerorhadbeenconqueredbythefailurethatisconquered.InthispaperIwilldescribethedifferencebetweenRomanandGreekculturetoexplainthatRomeconqueredGreecebywar,butRomewasconqueredbyGreekculture.Thereisasayinginthisworld:Romewasnotbuiltinaday.Itaimstotellusthatwehavetotakelongtimewhateverwewanttodo.Buthowmanypeopleknowthatthissayinghasasmallmistake.Infact,Romawasbuiltinaday.ArchaeologistsfoundareelwhatissignedbyCaesarandanAncientBabylonconstructioncompany.ThisreelisacontractwhatisaboutRome.TheAncientBabylonconstructioncompanyclaimedthatiftheycouldnotbuildRomainaday,Caesarwouldbeheadingthemandfeedthemtothelions.Archaeologistsholdtheopinionthatthiscontractiseffectivebecausetheydonotfindanymarkthattheheadwasbittenbylions.Notonlythecity,butalsotheRomancivilizationwasbuiltforashorttime.WeknowthattheGreecewasdestroyedbyRomebutthe

originofRomancivilizationisfromGreece.SoRomandidnotdeveloptheircivilization,opposite,theyinheritedtheculturefromGreece.Itlikesthesaying:builtinaday.Themostdirectrelationshipwhatwecanfindbetweentwocivilizationsisthelanguageandcharacters.ItiseasytoknowthattheoriginoftheGreekalphabetisPhoenicianalphabet.TheofficiallanguageofRomeisLatin.AndtherelationshipbetweenGreekandLatinislikedistantrelative.Mythologyandcivilizationisbasedonwordsandalphabet.Wecanfindthecommon

groundsfromthewordsandalphabetsowecouldfindthecommon

groundsontheculturelikemythology.Finally,Iwanttosay,RomeisaconquerorandGreeceisconquered.Butonthecivilization,RomewasconqueredbyGreece.Whateverthelanguage,alphabet,mythology,especiallyart,RomeinheritedandstudiedGreekcivilization.MaybeGreekshouldnothatetheRoman,becauseRomepromotesthecultureusedanotherwayandmakethecivilizationcontinuation.

II.IntroductionFirstisthetitle:theconquerorhadbeenconqueredbythefailurethatisconquered.Maybeeveryoneknowsthesentence,butmostofusdonotknowthemeansaboutit.Accordingtothecommonunderstanding,whenaconquerornationconquerorsacountry,itmaybeconqueredbythecultureoffailure.Inthiseasy,firstly,Iwilldiscussaquestion:whetherRomawasbuiltinday.ArchaeologistsfoundareelwhataboutbuildingRome.Thetimelimitinthereelisoneday.ThenIwillwritethatRomeinheritedsomethingfromGreece.Romandidnotcompilethemythandreligion,insteadoftheyusethesimplestway:inheritedfromGreece.ThirdlyIwilldescribetherelationshipbetweenLatinandGreece.Themostdirectrelationshipwhatwecanfindbetweentwocivilizationsisthelanguageandcharacters.ThenIwilldiscussthesimilarmythologyandartbetweenRomeandGreece.Thetwopartsarethegreatestwaytocontrastthesamepointbetweentwokindsofculture.Nextpartistheadvancedmilitaryandpolitics.ThereisasayinginChina:Indigoblueisextractfromtheindigoplant,butisbluerthantheplantitcomesfrom.Romeasastudent,insomesidestheRomesurpassedhisteacherGreece.Themostobvioustwopointsaremilitaryandpolitics.RomanarmyconqueredtheMediterraneanSea;Romantwelvetablemethodisfamousintheworld.FinallyIwillexplainreasonofthesimilarcivilization.SomeonewillaskthequestionwhytheculturebetweenRomeandGreeceissosimilar.SointhelastpartIwillsolvethequestioninmyopinion.

TablesandContentsI.Abstract·························································2II.Introduction·····················································3III.TheCityWasBuiltinaDay·······································53.1TheevidenceabouttheRomewasbuiltinaday·························53.2Thecultureappearquickly··········································5IV.TheCultureWhatWasInheritedFromGreece························54.1Romanempiredidnothavetheunifiedcivilization·······················54.2.TheRelationshipbetweenLatinandGreece····························64.3SimilarMythologyandArt··········································64.4ReasonoftheSimilarCivilization····································7V.TheStudentSurpassedHisTeacher··································75.1MilitaryScience···················································75.2PoliticalSystem··················································85.2.1GreekPoliticalSystem···········································85.2.2RomanPoliticalSystem··········································85.3Legalsystem·····················································95.3.1GreekLegalsystem··············································95.3.2RomanLegalsystem·············································9VI.Conclusion·····················································10VII.Reference·····················································11

III.TheCityWasBuiltinaDay.3.1TheevidenceabouttheRomewasbuiltinaday.Thereisasayinginthisworld:Romewasnotbuiltinaday.Itaimstotellusthatweneedtotakelongtimewhateverwewanttodo.Butthereisfewpeopleknowthatthissayinghasasmallmistake.Infact,Romawasbuiltinaday,fasterthanpeoplehaverealized.ArchaeologistsfoundareelwhatissignedbyCaesarandanAncientBabylonconstructioncompany.ThisreelisacontractwhatisaboutRomecity.TheAncientBabylonconstructioncompanyclaimedthattheywouldbuildtheRomejustonoday;iftheycouldnotbuildRomainaday,Caesarwouldbeheadingthemandfeedthemtothelions.Archaeologistsholdtheopinionthatthiscontractiseffectivebecausetheydonotfindanymarkthattheheadwasbittedbylions.Nowarchaeologistsareusingcarbon-14toappraisaltheageofthisreel.3.2ThecultureappearquicklyWecannotimaginethatthegrandcitywasbuiltinaday.Theroad,theColosseumandthepantheonissograndthatwecannotunderstandtheywerebuiltsoquickly.Butnowwealsodonothaveenoughevidencetoprovetheguess.WedonotknowhowmuchtimetheytaketobuildRome,inanycaseRomancultureappearsisanindisputablefact.Fromthehistoryrecords,Romancivilization(includingmythandreligion)appearbetween200BCand100BC.Maybesomeonewillthinkthatonehundredyearsistolongtoodomanythings.Butjustonehundredyearsisnotenoughtobuildacivilization,evenincludingthemythandreligion.IV.TheCultureWhatWasInheritedFromGreece4.1RomanempiredidnothavetheunifiedcivilizationNotonlythecity,butalsotheRomancivilizationwasbuiltforashorttime.BeforetheempireRomeisaninhabitedlandwhatiscombinedbymanytribes.Accordingtothecommonsense,differenttribesalwayshavedifferentculture.Maybetheyhavetheunifiedcommunicationmode,butitwasimpossiblethattheyhavetheunifiedlanguageandcivilization.WeknowthattheGreecewasdestroyedbyRomebutthe

originofRomancivilizationisfromGreece.SoRomandidnotdeveloptheircivilization,opposite,theyinheritedtheculturefromGreece.4.2.TheRelationshipbetweenLatinandGreeceThemostdirectrelationshipwhatwecanfindbetweentwocivilizationsisthelanguageandcharacters.ItiseasytoknowthattheoriginoftheGreekalphabetisPhoenicianalphabet.TheofficiallanguageofRomeisLatin.AndtherelationshipbetweenGreekandLatinislikedistantrelative.Igiveanexample:inGreece,thenumber5iswrittenby“Π?ντε”,inLatin,thenumber5waswrittenby“V”,ituseasymbolfromGreece.Therearemanydifferencesbutwecanalsofindthecommon

grounds.Forinstance,thepronunciationandshapewillbeagoodexample.Ifweobserveitcarefullyenough,wecanfindthatGreekismorecomplexthantheLatin.Butanywaytheylookabitlike.Ontheotherhand,thepronunciationoffundamentalLatinwordsisfromthepronunciationofGreece.Romanaresosmartbuttheyaresolazy.Theydidnotwastedmuchtimetocreatealanguage;insteadoftheyusedtheGreececharacterasthefoundation.4.3SimilarMythologyandArt.Mythologyandcivilizationisbasedonwordsandalphabet.Wecanfindthecommon

groundsfromthewordsandalphabetsowecouldfindthecommon

groundsontheculturelikemythology.IntheGreekmythology,thekingofallgodsiscalledZeus,hecontrolsheavenandusesthunderasaweapon.ButinRomanmythology,thekingofallgodsiscalledJupiter.Exceptnameeverythingissame.Wecanfindmanyinstances.PrometheusislikeZeus,eventheRomanweresolazythattheydidnotchangethename.WecanseethatRomemightjustcopyandcarry.ThesamegodsandthesamestoriesmadeRomeandGreecebecamepolytheistic.Expectthealphabetandmythology,artisalsoatypicalsignwhatrepresentsacountry.WhenRomeoccupiedthelandofGreeceasaconqueror,thearchitectswhowerefromGreececouldonlygatherintheRomanCityandtheymadeacontributiontodevelopRomanarchitecture.Greekarchitecturewasexquisite,harmoniousandartistic.Thetemplecanbeseenagreatinstance.ButRomanarchitecturewasgrandandpowerfullikethearena.4.4ReasonoftheSimilarCivilization.RomeandGreeceissosimilarthatwehavetoconsiderthereason.First,RomadestroyedGreeceandthearmytookeducatedGreekback.TheGreekculturewenttoRomelikethis.Second,Romewasabelligerentcountrysothattheydidnothaveenoughtimetothinkandcreate.Third,forcontrollingthecountry,Romeadoptedthestrictandcheckedreligiontoconstrainthepolytheisticsystem.Let’sseethedevelopmentcourseoftwocountries.IwillcontrastthecivilizationdevelopmentcourseofRomeandGreece.Firstly,Greeceexperiencedthetimeline:AegeanEra→Gretecivilization(Foreigncivilization)→Mycenaeancivilization(regionalpowerconcentration)→Homericage→ThedarkagesofGreece(regressionofcivilization)→Classicalantiquity→Slaverycountry.NextisRomanturn:Etruscancivilization→KingdomofRome(regionalpowerconcentration)→EraofRepublic→Slaverycountry→AgeofEmpires.Overallthetwocivilizationsexperiencedthiscourse:Foreigncivilization→Militarydemocracy→Aristocraticcentralization→Democracyandtyranny→Democracyera→Aristocraticcentralization.ThedifferenceisthatRomantimelineisclaritybutGreeceisconfused.V.TheStudentSurpassedHisTeacher5.1MilitaryScienceAlthoughRomewasconqueredbyGreekcivilization,butinfactRomeisthewinnerofthebattle.IfRomedonothaveanyadvantage,itisimpossiblethatitcoulddestroyGreece.InanycaseRomeistheConqueror.InsomesidestheRomesurpassedhisteacherGreece.Asacountry,especiallythecountrycalledRome,militarycannotbeignored.InRomanarmy,thebasicunitisgroup.Theemergenceoftheinfantrydetachmenttacticsmakethefightisreasonable:First,topreventtheweaponishinderedwhenwavethearms.2,inordertobeabletomovequickly,theysavethespacewhatcouldallowagrouptothrough.3,theycanchangetheheavycasualties.4,thearmycanfacetheenemy'smove. Let’sobservetheGreekarmy,theyequipthegiantshieldandthebasicunitispeople.Itisdoomedthattheydonothaveenoughmaneuverableandcannotdealwiththelargebattle.ThepowerfulofRomanarmycoverallatoneglance.RomewasamilitarynationsothattheGreecewasdestroyedbyRome.5.2PoliticalSystem5.2.1GreekPoliticalSystem“Smallterritoryandpopulation”isanotablefeatureofGreece.Itmeansthateachcityissmallanditspopulationislimited.Everycitystateadoptsthesovereigntyofthepeopleandthedirectdemocracysystem.Directdemocraticsystemmeansthatthepoliticalsovereigntyofthecitybelongstohispeople;citizensaredirectlyinvolvedinthemanagementofthecity,ratherthanthroughtheelectionofrepresentativesoftheparliamenttogovernthecountry.Underthissystem,themajorityofthecitizenswhohavetherighttoenjoypoliticalrightshavethehighestauthority.Thiskindofdemocraticsystemcanbeimplementedonlyinthenarrowandsmallcitiesofthecountry.Ingeneral,theancientGreecehasnotformedastableauthoritariansystem.5.2.2RomanPoliticalSystemTheRepublicistheoriginalcreationoftheRomans.Theword“Republic”isderivedfromtheLatinword“respublica”,whichmeans“thecauseofthepublic”.BeforetheRomanRepublic,therehadbeenthreeformsofpolitical,themonarchy,aristocracyanddemocracy,butthethreeformshavesomedefects.AndtheRepublicofRomeistheproductofamixtureofthefirstthreetraditionsandthebalanceofthesystem.TheRepublicofRomehascreatedaprecedentandprinciple:theinternalpowerofpoliticsorgovernmentmustbebalanced.Theprincipleofbalanceofpower,whichisthefirstofRome,hasbecomeacommonprincipleinthedevelopmentofwesternpoliticsinthefuture.5.3Legalsystem5.3.1GreekLegalsystemGreeklowisthestandardStatelaw.Citystateofself-sufficiencyandcloseddoctrinemusthavelawstoprotect.Therefore,thecityalsohasthelawaboutcitizenship,civilrightsandobligations.Thestatelawmusthavethestatelowincludingadministrativeorganandproceedings.Italsohasthecivillawincludingproperty,inheritanceandcontract.ThelawofthestateinGreecemaintainsthevalidityofthestatesystem.Buttheexistingresearchshowsthatthestatelawdoesnothavebeenrecorded.5.3.2RomanLegalsystemInalmostpartswhatiscreatedbyintelligence,theRomanswerethedevoutstudentsofGreeks,butinalegal,theyaretheteacher.Intheirhands,thelawbecomesthesubjectofsciencefirstly.TheRomanlegalsystemknownastheRomanlaw,itcoversalllegalsystemoftheancientRomanslaverycountriesthroughoutthehistoricalperiodofdevelopment,itisthemostcomprehensivelegalsystemintheancientworld.InthecourseofthedevelopmentofRomecivilization,lawisthemostimportantpart.TwelvecoppertablemethodsistheearliestwrittencodeinthetimesoftheRepublicofRome,includingcivillaw,thecriminallawandtheprocedure.Itprovidedaready-madelegalformforthelatercapitalistEurope.Therefore,ithasimportantsignificanceinthehistoryofthecode,anditalsohasasignificantdifferencewiththelawofthestate.

VI.ConclusionInmypaper,IdiscusstheRomecitywasbuiltinaday.AndIwritethecivilizationbetweenRomeandGreece.Romesurpasseshisteacherinpolitics,militaryandlaw.Finally,Iwanttosay,RomeisaconquerorandGreeceisconquered.Butonthecivilization,RomewasconqueredbyGreece.Whateverthelanguage,alphabet,mythology,especiallyart,RomeinheritedandstudiedGreekcivilization.OnlyaboutthemilitaryandpoliticsRomesurpassedhisteacher.ThisiswhyIholdtheopinionthatRome(includingRomanCityandRomancivilization)wasbuiltforashouttime.MaybeGreekshouldhatetheRoman,becauseRomedestroyedtheirhomeland;butinotherhand,GreekshouldthankRoman,becausetheypromotesthecultureusedanotherwayandmakethecivilizationcontinuation.Ofcourse,militaryScienceandpoliticscannotbelack.Inmyopinion,theRomecivilizationisgreaterthanGreek.TheRomanculturewasdevelopedbybattleandconquestbutGreekculturewasjustdevelopedbytrade.Andaboutpolitics,Greecewascity-statessystemandeverycitywasindependentslavery.ButRomewasfederalanddemocratic.RomanpracticalspiritmadetheLawoftheTwelveTablesandthepoliticalsystem,legalsystemandpoliticalsystem.Allinall,theGreekcivilizationismoreoriginal;italsolaidthefoundationofWesterncivilization.RomancultureistheabsorptionandcomplementoftheGreekcivilization,butitspoliticalsystemandlegalaspectsofthecontributionofthesamelandmark.“ThyNaiadairshavebroughtmehometotheglorythatwasGreeceandthegrandeurthatwas”thisisagreatsentencewrittenbyEdgarAllanPoe.Andnow,forus,whetheritistheidealspiritorthespiritofrealism,theartofGreeceandRomeareworthtolearn,itisworthtoexplore.

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