2023年考研考博考博英語上海交通大學(xué)考試歷年高頻考試題專家版答案

2023年考研考博考博英語上海交通大學(xué)考試歷年高頻考試題專家版答案（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）答案解析附后第1卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題Plasticsheetingshouldbewrappedaroundthetreeinwinnerto（）itfromthewindandthefrost.問題1選項A.recoverB.shieldC.shadeD.rescue2.單選題CaliforniansandNewEnglandersspeakthesamelanguageand（）bythesamefederallaws.問題1選項A.conformB.abideC.sustainD.comply3.單選題Hypertensionplacesstressonanumberoforgans(calledtargetorgans),includingthekidney,eyes,andheart,causingthemto（）overtime.問題1選項A.deteriorateB.distressC.underscoreD.dilute4.單選題Theleaseis（）insayingthattherentmustbepaidindollarsbythe20thofeverymonth.問題1選項A.explicitB.implicitC.conspicuousD.distinctive5.單選題WhenMr.Johnswentshoppingatthethriftstore,hewaslookingfora（）.問題1選項A.bargainB.chargeC.gainD.purchase6.單選題Islanguage,likefood,abasichumanneedwithoutwhichachildatacriticalperiodoflifecanbestarvedanddamaged?JudgingfromthedrasticexperimentofFrederickIIinthethirteenthcentury,itmaybe.Hopingtodiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakifheheardnomothertongue,hetoldthenursestokeepsilent.Alltheinfantsdiedbeforethefirstyear.Butclearlytherewasmorethanlackoflanguagehere.Whatwasmissingwasgoodmothering.Withoutgoodmothering,inthefirstyearoflifeespecially,thecapacitytosurviveisseriouslyaffected.TodaynosuchseverelackexistsasthatorderedbyFrederick.Nevertheless,somechildrenarestillbackwardinspeaking.Mostoftenthereasonforthisisthatthemotherisinsensitivetothesignalsoftheinfant,whosebrainisprogrammedtolearnlanguagerapidly.Ifthesesensitiveperiodsareneglected,theidealtimeforacquiringskillspassesandthelanguagemightneverbelearnedsoeasilyagain.Abirdlearnstosingandtoflyrapidlyattherighttime,buttheprocessisslowandhardoncethecriticalstagehaspassed.Expertssuggestthatspeechstagesarereachedinafixedsequenceandataconstantage,buttherearecaseswherespeechhasstartedlateinachildwhoeventuallyturnsouttobeahighIQ.Attwelveweeksababysmilesandmakesvowel-likesounds,attwelvemonthshecanspeaksimplewordsandunderstandsimplecommands,ateighteenmonthshehasavocabularyofthreetofiftywords.Atthreeheknowsabout1000wordswhichhecanputintosentences,andatfourheknowshislanguagediffersfromthatofhisparentsinstyleratherthangrammar.Recentevidencesuggeststhataninfantisbornwiththecapacityofspeaking.Whatisspecialaboutman'sbrain,comparedwiththatofthemonkey,isthecomplexsystemwhichenablesachildtoconnectthesightandfeelof,say,atoy-bearwiththesoundpattern"toy-bear".Andevenmoreincredibleistheyoungbrain'sabilitytopickoutanorderinlanguagefromthemixtureofsoundaroundhim,toanalyze,tocombineandrecombinethepartsofalanguageinnewways.Butspeechhastobeinduced,andthisdependsoninteractionbetweenthemotherandthechild,wherethemotherrecognizesthesignalsinthechild'sbabbling,graspingandsmiling,andrespondstothem.Insensitivityofthemothertothesesignalsdulltheinteractionbecausethechildgetsdiscouragedandsendsoutonlytheobvioussignals.Sensitivitytothechild'snon-verbalsignalsisessentialtothegrowthanddevelopmentoflanguage.1.WhatisthepurposeofthedrasticexperimentofFrederickIIinthethirteenthcentury?2.Todaysomechildrenarebackwardinspeakingbecause（）.3.Ifachildstartstospeaklaterthanothernormalchildren,hewill（）inthefuture.4.Comparedwiththebrainofthemonkey,human'sbrainisacomplexsystemwhichenablesachild（）.5.WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbeinferredfromthepassage?問題1選項A.Toprovethatababycouldn'tlivewithouthismother.B.Todiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakwithouthearinganyhumanspeech.C.Tofindoutwhatrolecarefulnursingwouldplayinteachingachildtospeak.D.Toprovethatachildwouldbedamagedwithoutlearningalanguage.問題2選項A.theyareincapableoflearninglanguagerapidly.B.theyarefacedwithsomuchlanguageatonce.C.theirmothersrespondinadequatelytotheirattemptstospeak.D.theirbrainisnotprogrammedtolearnlanguagerapidly.問題3選項A.haveahighIQB.beinsensitivetoverbalsignalsC.belessintelligentD.notnecessarilybebackward問題4選項A.tobebornwiththecapacityofsinging.B.tosecthingsmoreclearlythananimalsC.toconnectthesightandthefeelwiththesoundwordD.torunfasterthananimals問題5選項A.Thefacultyofspeechisinborninman.B.Motherplaysanimportantroleinchild'slearninglanguage.C.Insensitivityofthemothertotheinfants'signalswillcausethemtolearnnothingaboutlanguage.,D.Thechild'sbrainishighlyselective7.案例題Apowerfulpersonalgrowthtoolisthe30-daytrial.ThisisaconceptIborrowedfromthesharewareindustry,whereyoucan（1）atrialversionofapieceofsoftwareandtryitoutrisk-freefor30daysbeforeyou'rerequiredtobuythe（2）version.It'salsoagreatwaytodevelopnew（3）,andbestofall,it'sbrain-deadsimple.Let'ssayyouwanttostartanewhabitlikeanexerciseprogramor（4）abadhabitlikesuckingoncancersticks.Weallknowthatgetting（5）andstickingwiththenewhabitforafewweeksisthehardpart.Onceyou'veovercomeinertia,it'smucheasiertokeepgoing.Yetweoftenpsycheourselvesoutofgettingstartedby（6）thinkingaboutthechangeassomething（7）beforewe'veevenbegun.Itseemstoooverwhelmingtothinkaboutmakingabigchangeand（8）withiteverydayfortherestofyourlifewhenyou'restillhabituatedtodoingthe（9）.Themoreyouthinkaboutthechangeassomethingpermanent,themoreyou（10）whereyouare.Butwhatifyouthoughtaboutmakingthechangeonly（11）sayfor30days—andthenyou'refreetogobacktoyouroldhabits?Thatdoesn'tseemsohardanymore.Exercisedailyforjust30days,thenquit,maintaina（12）organizeddeskfor30days,thenslackoff.Readforanhouradayfor30days,thengobacktowatchingTV.Couldyoudoit?Itstill（13）abitofdisciplineandcommitment,butnotnearlysomuchasmakingapermanentchange.Any（14）deprivationisonlytemporary.Youcan（15）downthedaystofreedom.Andforatleast30days,you'llgainsomebenefit.It,'snotsobaD.Youcanhandleit.It'sonlyonemonthoutofyourlife.Directions:Chooseoneappropriatewordfromthefollowingwordbanktofillintheblanksnumberedfrom1to15inthepassagebelow,Changethewordformwherenecessary.Rememberthebankcontainssomeextrawordsthatmaynotbeusedinfillinganyoftheblanks.WritethewordsintheircorrectformswiththecorrespondingnumbersontheAnswerSheet.Temporary

download

commitment

neatly

requirementally

count

opposite

stay

disciplinepermanent

habit

overcome

stick

adoptfull

free

perceive

quit

start

8.單選題Soil（）isanaturalprocess.Itbecomesaproblemwhenhumanactivitycausesittooccurmuchfasterthanundernaturalconditions.問題1選項A.preservationB.abrasionC.erosionD.eruption9.單選題Competitorsfrommorethanahundredcountrieshave（）inLosAngelesfortheOlympicGames.問題1選項A.denouncedB.convergedC.detachedD.sprawled10.單選題Anorganizationisonlyasgoodasthepeopleitemploys.Selectingtherightpersonforthejobinvolvesmorethanidentifyingtheessentialordesirablerangeofskills,educationalandprofessionalqualificationsnecessarytoperformthejobandthenrecruiting（招募）thecandidatewhoismostlikelytopossesstheseskillsoratleastisperceivedtohavetheabilityandinclinationtoacquirethem.Thisisapurelyperson/skillsmatchapproachtoselection.Workinvariablytakesplaceinthepresenceand/orunderthedirectionofothers,inaparticularorganizationalsetting.Theindividualhastofitinwiththeworkenvironment,withotheremployees,withtheorganizationalclimate,styleofwork,organizationandcultureoftheorganization.Differentorganizationshavedifferentcultures.WorkingasanengineeratBritishAerospacewillnotnecessarilybeasimilarexperiencetoworkinginthesamecapacityatGECorPlessey.Poorselectiondecisionsareexpensive.Forexample,thecostsoftrainingapolicemanareabout￡20,000.Thecostsofemployinganunsuitabletechnicianonanoilrig（石油鉆塔）orinanuclearplantcould,inanemergency,resultinmillionsofpoundsofdamageorlossoflife.Thedisharmonyofapoorperson-environmentfitislikelytoresultinlowjobsatisfaction,lackoforganizationalcommitmentandemployeestress,whichaffectorganizationaloutcomes,i.e.productivity,highratesofstaffchangeandabsenteeism,andindividualoutcomesi.e.physical,psychologicalandmentalwell-being.Howeverdespitetheimportanceoftherecruitmentdecisionandtherangeofsophisticatedandmoreobjectiveselectiontechniqueavailable,includingtheuseofpsychometrictests,assessmentcentersetc.,manyorganizationsarestillpreparedtomakethisdecisiononthebasisofasingle30to45minuteunstructuredinterview.Indeed,researchhasdemonstratedthataselectiondecisionisoftenmadewithinthefirstfourminutesoftheinterview.Intheremainingtime,theinterviewerthenattendsexclusivelytoinformationthatreinforcestheinitial"accept"or"reject"decision.Researchintothevalidityofselectionmethodshasconsistentlydemonstratedthattheunstructuredinterview,wheretheinterviewerasksanyquestionsheorshelikes,isapoorpredictoroffuturejobperformanceanddoeslittlebetterthanmorecontroversialmethodslikegraphology（筆跡學(xué)）andastrology（占星術(shù)）.1.Therightpersonforanorganizationshouldnotonlypossessnecessaryskillsforthejobbutalso（）.2.WrongselectiondecisionswillleadtothefollowingoutcomesEXCEPT（）.3.（）arethebestmethodtoidentifysuitableemployees.4.Inanunstructuredinterview,（）willgreatlydeterminetheinterviewer'sfinaldecision.5.Thispassageismainlyabout（）.問題1選項A.havetheabilityandinclinationtoacquiretheseskillsB.owneducationalandprofessionalqualificationsC.fitinwiththeorganization'senvironmentD.possesssimilarworkexperience問題2選項A.highertrainingcostsperpersonB.greaterdamageorcasualtiesC.highjobsatisfactionD.poorphysical,psychologicalandmentalwell-being問題3選項A.PsychometrictestsandassessmentcentersB.GraphologyandastrologyC.UnstructuredinterviewsD.Structuredinterviews問題4選項A.thecandidate'sjobsatisfactionandorganizationalcommitmentB.theimpressionthecandidatemakesinthefirstfewminutesC.thequestionstheinterviewerhappenstoaskthecandidateD.thecandidate'scapabilitytocopewithanemergency問題5選項A.importanceofemployeeselectionB.futuretrendsinemployeeselectionC.bestmethodsofemployeeselectionD.popularmythsinemployeeselection11.單選題Hefinallyagreedtosigntheagreementwithus,butwithsome（）.問題1選項A.recurrenceB.rejectionC.reluctanceD.refutation12.單選題Fromthelivingroomandfamilyautotothesupermarketandoffice,it'simpossibletoescapetheelectronicrevolutionthatis（）thewaypeopleliveandwork.問題1選項A.resumingB.transformingC.preparingD.seeking13.單選題Thedoctorwasina（）astowhethertotellthepatientthetruthoralie.問題1選項A.prudenceB.dilemmaC.secrecyD.psychology14.單選題Withoutoutside（）China'sadvertisingcannotreallymatureandobtainafootholdintheglobaladsmarket.問題1選項A.prestigeB.consumptionC.pressureD.controversy15.單選題Therearelawstospecifytheperson（s）whowillobtainadeadperson's（）ifnowillexists.問題1選項A.heritageB.fameC.estateD.prestige16.單選題Bothsidesattheconflicthaveagreedtemporarilyto（）hostilities.問題1選項A.suspendB.reconcileC.compromiseD.negotiate17.單選題Foryearsthegirlhadharboredher（）againstherstepmother.Today,shefinallygotthecouragetospeakitout.問題1選項A.resentmentB.rivalryC.compulsionD.concession18.單選題Inprotest,blacksand（）whitessatatthecountersoftheserestaurantsandrefusedtomoveuntiltheywereserved.問題1選項A.sensibleB.indifferentC.influentialD.sympathetic19.單選題Hehadaquarrelwithhiswifeandjust（）her.問題1選項A.becameofB.gotholdofC.walkedoutonD.passedover20.單選題HispastaffectionforJane（）anynewrelationshipimpossibleforhim.問題1選項A.resentedB.renderedC.repelledD.resorted第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】B【解析】recoverfrom恢復(fù);shield與from庇護,使免遭……;shade不與from搭配,rescuefrom從...中營救。句意：應(yīng)該用塑料布把樹裹起來,以防止風和霜凍。選項B符合句意。

2.【答案】B【解析】固定搭配題。abideby指"遵守...";conform"遵守,符合",一般與to和with搭配;sustain"承受;維持";comply"遵從，服從"，一般與with搭配。句意：加利福尼亞人和新英格蘭人說同一種語言,并且遵守同樣的聯(lián)邦法律。選項B正確。

3.【答案】B【解析】動詞辨析題。deteriorate惡化，變壞；distress悲痛，苦惱，不幸；underscore強調(diào)，底線；dilute稀釋，沖淡。句意：高血壓使許多器官受到壓力，包括腎臟、眼睛和心臟，久而久之會使它們感到痛苦。選項B符合句意。

4.【答案】A【解析】形容詞辨析題。explicit"詳述的,明確的";implicit"含蓄的'conspicuous"顯著的";distinctive"有特色的,與眾不同的",一般接介詞of。句意：契約上明確規(guī)定房租必須在每月20日前以美元支付。選項A符合句意。

5.【答案】A【解析】名詞辨析題。bargain便宜貨；charge費用；gain利潤，收獲；purchase購買的東西。根據(jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞thethriftstore（舊貨店，二手店）判斷,選項A更符合句意。

6.【答案】第1題:B第2題:C第3題:A第4題:C第5題:B【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Hopingtodiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakifheheardnomothertongue...”為了弄清一個孩子如果聽不見母語會說什么語言。選項B符合原文。2.根據(jù)第三段的第三句“Mostoftenthereasonforthisisthatthemotherisinsensitivetothesignalsoftheinfant,...”最常見的原因是母親對嬰兒的信號不敏感...。選項C符合原文。3.根據(jù)第四段的第一句“buttherearecaseswherespeechhasstartedlateinachildwhoeventuallyturnsouttobeahighIQ.”在某些情況下，語言開始較晚的孩子最終被證明是高智商的。選項A符合原文。4.根據(jù)第五段的第二句“whichenablesachildtoconnectthesightandfeelof,say,atoy-bearwiththesoundpattern"toy-bear".”它能讓孩子把玩具熊的視覺和感覺與“玩具熊”的聲音模式聯(lián)系起來。選項C符合原文。5.根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Sensitivitytothechild'snon-verbalsignalsisessentialtothegrowthanddevelopmentoflanguage.”母親對兒童非語言信號的敏感對兒童的成長及其語言的發(fā)展起著至關(guān)重要的作用。選項B符合原文。7.【答案】1.download

2.full

3.habits

4.quit

5.started6.mentally

7.permanent

8.sticking

9.opposite

10.stay11.commitment

12.neatly

13.requires

14.perceived

15.count【解析】1.根據(jù)句意,下載某種軟件,用downloadsoftware。2.fullversion指完整版。句意：下載某個軟件的免費試用版使用30天后,你會被要求購買完整版。3.從下文的"Let'ssayyouwanttostartanewhabit."可推測,填空處也應(yīng)該填入habit,且為復(fù)數(shù)。4.quitabadhabit指改正某個壞習慣。5.根據(jù)句意：我們都知道,開始并堅持幾個星期的新習慣是困難的。先開始才能堅持。6.根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知這里應(yīng)該用副詞修飾thinking,根據(jù)上文的psych推斷mentally正確。7.根據(jù)下文"Themoreyouthinkaboutthechangeassomethingpermanent,..."可知此處也應(yīng)填入permanent。8.stickwith堅持,文中多次出現(xiàn)。9.dotheopposite為固定用法,意為背道而馳。10.根據(jù)句意：你越認為這種改變是永久性的,你就會在原地待得越久。這里指保持現(xiàn)狀。11.make…commitment為固定搭配,意為"做出……的承諾"。12.maintainaneatlyorganizeddesk保持課桌的干凈整潔。13.根據(jù)句意：盡管它依然完成了一些紀律和承諾,但遠沒有達到永久改變的程度。14.句意：任何感知到的剝奪都只是暫時的。15.countdown為固定搭配,意為"倒數(shù)"。8.【答案】C【解析】名詞辨析題。preservation保留，保護；abrasion磨損，損耗；erosion腐蝕，侵蝕；eruption噴發(fā)，爆發(fā)。句意：土壤侵蝕是一個自然過程。當人類活動導(dǎo)致它比自然條件下發(fā)生得快得多時，這就成了一個問題。選項C符合句意。

9.【答案】B【解析】動詞辨析題。denounced譴責，揭發(fā)，聲明...無效；converged聚集，齊聚；detached分離的；sprawled平躺的。句意：來自100多個國家的運動員齊聚洛杉磯參加奧運會。選項B符合句意。

10.【答案】第1題:A第2題:C第3題:C第4題:B第5題:A【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句“...oratleastisperceivedtohavetheabilityandinclinationtoacquirethem.”或者至少被認為有能力和意愿獲得它們。選項A符合原文。2.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，選項A，B，D在本段均有提及且正確，只有選項C不符合題意。3.細節(jié)事實題。根最后一段第一句“...manyorganizationsarestillpreparedtomakethisdecisiononthebasisofasingle30to45minuteunstructuredinterview.”許多組織仍然準備在30到45分鐘的無組織面試的基礎(chǔ)上做出這個決定。選項C符合原文。4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Indeed,researchhasdemonstratedthataselectiondecisionisoftenmadewithinthefirstfourminutesoftheinterview.”事實上，研究表明，選擇通常是在面試的前四分鐘內(nèi)做出的。選項B符合原文。5.全文主旨題。本文主要介紹了應(yīng)該選拔什么樣的人才,錯誤的選拔會產(chǎn)生的后果以及選拔人才的方法,都是為人才選拔的重要性這一主題服務(wù)的。所以選項A正確。11.【答案】C【解析】名詞辨析題。recurrence循環(huán)，重現(xiàn)rejection拒絕，抑制；reluctance勉強，不情愿；refutation反駁，駁斥。句意：他最終同意與我們簽訂協(xié)議，但有些不情愿。選項C符合句意。

12.【答案】B【解析】動詞詞義辨析。resuming重新開始,繼續(xù);transforming轉(zhuǎn)化,轉(zhuǎn)變;preparing準備;seeking尋找,謀求。句意：從起居室和家用汽車到超市和辦公室,人們不可能逃脫正在改變?nèi)藗兩詈凸ぷ鞣绞降碾娮痈锩?。選項B符合句意。13.【答案】B【解析】名詞辨析題。prudence謹慎；dilemma困境，進退兩難；secrecy保密；psychology心理學(xué)。句意：醫(yī)生陷入進退兩難的困境，不知該告訴病人真相還是謊言。選項B符合句意。

14.【答案】D【解析】考查名詞辨析。prestige"威望,聲望";consumption"消費,耗費;pressure"壓力,壓迫";controversy"爭論;爭戰(zhàn)"。句意:沒有外界的爭議,中國的廣告就不可能真正成熟,并且在全球廣告市場上立足。選項D符合句意。

15.【答案】C【解析】名詞詞義辨析。heritage遺產(chǎn);fame名聲;estate房地產(chǎn),財產(chǎn);prestige威望。句意：法律規(guī)定,如果沒有遺囑,誰將獲得死者的遺產(chǎn)。選項C符合句意。16.【答案】A【解析】動詞詞義辨析。Suspend"延緩,推遲";reconcile"使一致,使和解";compromise"妥協(xié),和解";negotiate"談判,交涉"。句意：沖突雙方已同意暫時停止敵對行動。選項A符合句意。

17.【答案】A【解析】名詞辨析題。resentment怨恨，憤恨；rivalry競爭，對抗；compulsion強制，強迫；concession讓步。句意：多年來，這個女孩一直對她的繼母心懷怨恨。今天，她終于鼓起勇氣說了出來。選項A符合句意。

18.【答案】D【解析】形容詞辨析題。sensible"明智的,合情理的";indifferent"不關(guān)心的,冷淡的,中立的";influential"有影響的,有權(quán)勢的";sympathetic"同情的，贊同的"。句意：在抗議活動中,黑人和那些支持抗議行為的白人坐在餐館的柜臺上,拒絕離開，直到他們得到服務(wù)。選項D符合句意。

19.【答案】C【解析】動詞詞組辨析。becameof"使遭遇……;……降臨于;發(fā)生……情況";gotholdof"抓住;握住,占有";walkedouton"丟在一邊";passedover"越過;忽略;寬恕;回避"。句意：他和妻子吵了一架,然后把她丟在一邊。選項C符合句意。20.【答案】B【解析】動詞辨析題。resent厭惡，憎恨；render致使，提出；repel擊退，抵制；resort求助，訴諸。句意：他過去對Jane的感情致使他無法開始一段新戀情。選項B符合句意。

第2卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題Thegovernmentshouldreallypayattentiontothisproblemwhichcanbefoundeverywhereandbynomeans（）tothisregion.問題1選項A.singleB.individualC.aloneD.unique2.單選題Intheprofessionswherewomen（）numerically,itwouldbereasonabletoexpectthemtoholdseniorpositions.問題1選項A.tolerateB.integrateC.predominateD.accumulate3.單選題Thevirusattackstheplant,theflowerdoesnotopen,and（）noseedsareproduced.問題1選項A.consequentlyB.subsequentlyC.simultaneouslyD.spontaneously4.單選題Doyouknowthefactthatbroadbeancontain（）thatmustbedestroyedbycookingthemathightemperaturebeforeeatingthem?問題1選項A.flakeB.aromaC.etherD.toxin5.單選題Therelationshipbetweentechnologyanddevelopmentiscomplicate.Attimesthenegativefeaturesoftechnologyseemto______thepositiveones.問題1選項A.withdrawB.dischargeC.maximizeD.outweigh6.單選題I（）thejusticeandfoughtagainstcorruptionatmybest.問題1選項A.confirmedB.upheldC.overwhelmedD.established7.單選題Idon'tsaythattopersuadeyou,butmerelyto（）myconscience.問題1選項A.revolveB.relieveC.retrieveD.revive8.寫作題Directions:Somepeoplesaythatthebestpreparationforlifeislearningtobecooperative.Otherstaketheoppositeviewandsaythatlearningtobecompetitiveisthebestpreparation,Tellwhichoneyouagreewithandexplainwhy,Pleasewriteanessayofabout300wordsonthisissue.Youshouldgivespecificreasonsanddetailstosupportyourposition.WritetheessayontheAnswerSheetonly.9.單選題Themedicinewassupposedtocureallkindsof（）,rangingfromcoldstobackpains.問題1選項A.complimentsB.ailmentsC.implementsD.commitments10.單選題Thetroopswereina（）position,completelyexposedtoattackfromtheair.問題1選項A.eminentB.brutalC.vulnerableD.adequate11.單選題Mrs.Thompsongaveusa（）accountofwhathadhappened;that'swhywenolongerbelieveinthesincerityofherutterance.問題1選項A.curvedB.distortedC.twistedD.tangled12.單選題

Novelsandshortstoriesfromalibrary'sfictioncollectionareagood（）ofenjoyablereadingpractice.問題1選項A.exitB.resourceC.entryD.source13.單選題Whenmostpeoplethinkaboutchangingtheirbodyshape,theyusuallyfocusonjustlosingweight.BooksandmagazinesaboutdietingareamongthemostpopularintheworlD.Dietingisanimportantpartofstayingfitandhealthy,butlosingweightbymeansofdietingtakestime;losingweighttoofastcancausegreathealthproblems.Dietingmeanschangingone'seatinghabitstoahealthierpattern,butmanywomenmistaketheconceptofdietingandthinkthatthelessoneeats,thebetter.Asaresult,theylosehealthaswellasweight.Aerobicexerciseisamoderateintensityworkoutthat,overacertainperiodoftime,willimprovethebody'suseofoxygen.Nowadaysaerobicexercisehasbecomeaverytrendyworkoutamongyouths.Notonlyisperformingaerobicexerciseinteresting,butitisalsoverybeneficialforhealth.Therearedifferenttypesofaerobicslikejogging,swimming,kickboxing,fitnesswalking,inlineskating,bicycling,etC.Aerobicsstrengthenstheheartandlungs.Itisalsoespeciallypopularwithwomen.Butneitherofthesetwomethods,dietingandaerobics,canhelpshapethebody.Todothisyouneedtobuildmuscle.So,ifafirmerandshapelierbodyisyourgoal,60percentofyourexerciseroutineshouldinvolvestrengtheningmoves,andonly30percentshouldbeaerobicexercises.Foraproperbody-shapingroutine,youshouldplanthreestrength-trainingsessionsaweekwithweights.Useweightswhichareasheavyaspossiblewhilestillallowingyoutodo8to12repsofeachexercise.Doonetothreeexercisesforeachmusclegroups-forexample,chestandbiceps,orback,shouldersandtriceps.Youshouldcombinethiswithfast-pacedaerobicsactivities,likeswimming,cycling,walking,running,orin-lineskating,planthreetofourworkoutsaweek,15to20minuteseach,increasingthepaceeachweek.Asyoubuildmuscle,youmayfindthatyougainweightinspiteofallofyourcalorie-burningexercise.Don'tworry.It'sprobablymuscle,whichisdenserthanfat.Andmuscleisalsoacalorie-burningtissue.Withmoremuscle,youcanburnmorecalories,evenwhenyouarenotexercising.Whenyouaretryingtobuildmuscle,youneedtwotothreeservingofproteinaday,butthemainpartofyourdietshouldbecarbohydrates.Andinordertogettheenergyyouneedforahigh-intensityworkout,youshouldeatsomething,especiallycarbohydrates,anhourorsobeforeyourworkout.Whileweighttrainingwillfirmandshapeyourbody,ithasotherbenefitstoo.Itimprovesboneandmusclestrengthandburnscalories,leadingtoimprovedhealthandahigherqualityoflife.1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutdieting?2."Workouts"includeallthefollowingexcept（）.3.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthesuggestionsgiveninthepassage?4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?5.What'stheultimatepurposeofstrength-trainingwithweights?問題1選項A.Dietingisaboutchangingone'seatinghabits.B.Dietingdoesnotnecessarilymeaneatinglessthanoneusedto.C.Dietingdoesnotnecessarilymeanlosingweight.D.Losingweightisboundtocausegreathealthproblems.問題2選項A.bicyclingB.dietingC.weighttrainingD.aerobicexercise問題3選項A.Exerciseshouldbedoneforeachmajorgroupofmuscles.B.Whenyoudoweight-training,theweightsyouuseshouldbeasheavyaspossible.C.Goonaproperdietformuscle-building.D.Muscle-buildingexerciseshouldbecombinedwithaerobicactivities.問題4選項A.Muscle-buildingexerciseresultsinweight-gaining,butthatisnotaproblemtoworryabout.B.Musclehelpsonekeepfit.C.Improvedmusclestrengthcanleadtoahigherqualityoflife.D.Weight-traininghelpsshapeupyoubody.問題5選項A.Toincreasethepaceofyouraerobicexercise.B.Toburnmorecaloriesandloseweight.C.Tobuildmuscleandloseweight.D.Toshapeyourbodyandmakeyourlifemoreenjoyable14.單選題Totakerevengeofthedefeatlastyear,eachplayerwasmakinghis（）towinthematch.Eventheirfanswerecheeringforthem.問題1選項A.setbackB.endeavorC.remnantD.distinction15.單選題Awayfromtheirprofession,scientistsareinherentlynomorehonestorethicalthanotherpeople.Butintheirprofessiontheyworkinanarenathatputsahigh（）onhonesty.問題1選項A.convictionB.inferenceC.cautionD.premium16.單選題Iffullcreditsweregiventothispartitcould（）ahighgradeforthestudentinhisphysicalcourse.問題1選項A.belongtoB.beduetoC.besubjecttoD.contributeto17.單選題Sofar,thepolicecanonly（）onthepossiblemotivesforthekilling.問題1選項A.conceiveB.speculateC.assumeD.imagine18.單選題Thetwopharmaceuticalcompaniescollaboratedindevelopingnewdrugsto（）thepainofpatientsintheterminalstagesofcancer.問題1選項A.alleviateB.confrontC.insulateD.terminate19.單選題Itis（）thatmakesthefemalehorsetobenddownandlickitsnewbornfoal.問題1選項A.impulseB.inspirationC.incentiveD.instinct20.單選題

Nowthattheexcitementofcelebratinghashadachanceto（）,it'stimetoturntheOlympicidealintoreality.問題1選項A.cutoffB.carryawayC.turnoffD.wearoff第2卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】D【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。句意：政府確實應(yīng)該關(guān)注這個問題,這個問題在任何地方都可以發(fā)現(xiàn),并且不是這個地區(qū)所獨有的。選項D符合句意。

2.【答案】C【解析】動詞辨析題。tolerate忍受，容忍；integrate使...完整；predominate支配，主導(dǎo)，在...中占優(yōu)勢；accumulate累積，積聚。句意：在婦女數(shù)量上占優(yōu)勢的職位中，期望她們擔任高級職位也是合情合理的。所以選項C符合句意。

3.【答案】A【解析】副詞辨析題。consequently因此，結(jié)果；subsequently隨后，后來；simultaneously同時地；spontaneously自發(fā)地，不由自主地。句意：病毒攻擊植物，花不能開放，因此種子也沒有發(fā)芽。這里強調(diào)的是因果聯(lián)系，所以選項A正確。

4.【答案】D【解析】名詞辨析題。flake"小薄片，火花";aroma"芳香,香味";ether"乙醚";toxin"毒素"。句意：你知道嗎？蠶豆含有毒素，吃之前必須用高溫烹煮。選項D符合句意。

5.【答案】D【解析】動詞辨析題。withdraw"取回;（使）撤退";discharge"解雇,卸下";maximize"使最大化";outweigh"勝過,超過"。句意：技術(shù)與發(fā)展之間的關(guān)系很復(fù)雜。有時，技術(shù)的負面特征似乎超過正面特征。選項D符合句意。

6.【答案】B【解析】confirmed確認,堅定;uphold支持,維護;overwhelmed壓倒,淹沒;established制定,建立。句意：我維護正義,盡我最大的努力與腐敗作斗爭。選項B符合句意。

7.【答案】B【解析】詞義辨析題。revolve旋轉(zhuǎn)；循環(huán)；relieve解除，減輕；retrieve恢復(fù)，取回；revive復(fù)活，復(fù)興。四個選項中只有relieve更符合句意。句意：我說這個不是為了勸你，只是為了讓我的良心好受些。所以本題選B。

8.【答案】Whichismoreimportanttoone'ssuccesscooperativeorcompetitive?Forsuchquestions,differentpeoplehavedifferentviews.Butinmyconception,Iguesscooperationismorevitalthancompetitive.Firstly,cooperationisourhumanbeingsintrinsicmotive.Whenhumanbeingscouldbecalled"humanbeings"whoaredifferentwithanimals,cooperationisoneofthemostimportantfactorsforourevolution.Wehavewiserbrainthananyothercreaturesonthisplanetbecauseweknowhowtoachieveourgoalthroughteamwork.Wecouldsaythatwithoutcooperation,maybewearestillliveinStone-era.Secondly,inmodernsociety,wearefacingmoreandmoresophisticationinsocialdivisionoflabor.TheTVsetwhichisverycommontoeverybodyofusismadeupofthousandsofsparepartswhichmaybemadeinhundredsoffactory.Thecar,thecomputer,eventhesewingmachineandfruitknifeisverycomplicatedduringthemanufacture