2022-2023學(xué)年河北省唐山市龍江中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

2022-2023學(xué)年河北省唐山市龍江中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.PastwinnersoftheNobelPrizeinphysics,_____hasnowbeenawarded210times,havebeenhonoredfortheirimportantdiscoveries.A.who B.what C.that D.which參考答案：D【詳解】考查非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。句意：諾貝爾物理獎(jiǎng)過去的獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?，因?yàn)樗麄兊闹卮蟀l(fā)現(xiàn)被給予榮譽(yù)稱號(hào)，該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)已經(jīng)頒發(fā)了210次。分析句子可知，此處是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞theNobelPrizeinphysics在從句_____hasnowbeenawarded210times中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系代詞，又非限中不能使用that，故用which。故選D項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】本題考查定語(yǔ)從句完成定語(yǔ)從句一般分為三步：找出先行詞；分析先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?；考慮特殊情況。以本題為例：1）

找出先行詞：theNobelPrizeinphysics（指物）2）

分析先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑簍heNobelPrizeinphysics在_____hasnowbeenawarded210times充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系代詞that/which。3）

考慮特殊情況:非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中不能使用that故用which，選D項(xiàng)。2.Inthepast10yearspeoplehavebecomemore______thesafetyoftheirprivacy.A.worryingabout

B.caredabout

C.concernedabout

D.paidattentionto參考答案：C略3.Differenttypesofteas______byskilledtea-tastersbeforeappearingintheTeaTradeCentre.A.aretasted

B.weretasted C.tasted D.havetasted參考答案：A考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在出現(xiàn)在茶葉交易中心之前，不同類型的茶葉被品茶師品嘗。teas和taste是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，而且這句話表示客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選A。4.Herpatiencefinally______,andafiercequarrelhappenedbetweenherandherhusband.A.gaveinB.gaveupC.gaveawayD.gaveout參考答案：D,考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：“她的耐心最終耗盡了，她和她的丈夫發(fā)生了激烈的爭(zhēng)吵?！眊ivein屈服，投降；giveup放棄；giveaway泄露，贈(zèng)送，頒發(fā)；giveout分發(fā)，用盡，耗盡。5.Theversion_____tobeclosesttotheauthor’soriginalnowbelongstoanationalmuseuminParis.A.isthought B.thinking C.beingthought D.thought參考答案：D6.Theremainsofadventurer’sprivateairplanewerereported______,buttheadventurerremainedmissing.A.beingfound

B.tobefound

C.havingfound

D.tohavebeenfound參考答案：D.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。在bereported/said/considered等句式中通常與動(dòng)詞不定式連用。由于動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作早于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生，因此用動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式，根據(jù)語(yǔ)意，那位探險(xiǎn)家的飛機(jī)已經(jīng)被找到，故動(dòng)詞不定式需用被動(dòng)式。7.Mosthighwaysarelinedwithbillboardsofadvertisement，which__________bypassingcar-drivers.A．a(chǎn)reintendedtoberead

B．a(chǎn)reintendedtobereadingC．a(chǎn)reintendingtoreading

D．a(chǎn)reintendingto

read參考答案：A8.–Whatdidhewanttoknow,John?--__________thatwecouldfinishourwork.A.Whatitwas

B.Whenwasit

C.Whenitwas

D.Whatwasit參考答案：C9.Hegotanewjobinarestaurantandhe_______it.A.iscontentto

B.iscontentwith

C.contents

D.satisfies參考答案：B10.---XiaoMing,willyoutakepartinthecomingNationalEnglishSpeechContest?

---______,weshouldcatchthepreciousopportunity.

A.Noway.B.Whynot?C.Whatfor?D.Whybother?參考答案：B11.--Whatamistake!--Yes.I__________hisdoingitinanotherway,butwithoutsuccess.A.wassuggesting

B.willsuggest

C.wouldsuggest

D.hadsuggested參考答案：D略12.—Hi,Tom,haveyoucheckedtheaccountyet?—Certainly,I________itfivetimeseventhoughyoutoldmetodoittwice.A.checked

B.willhavecheckedC.havebeenchecking

D.hadchecked參考答案：A13.Afantasticideaoccurredtohimthathecoulduseaplasticbottle,

cutoff,asacontainertogrowyoungplantsin.

A．ofwhichthetop

B．whosetop

C．thetopofwhich

D．withitstop參考答案：D14.Mr.Smithfeltupsetforbeing______fromtheconcerthehadlongedfor.A.turnedoutB.turnedawayC.turnedoverD.turnedoff參考答案：B【命題立意】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的用法。句意：史密斯先生因?yàn)殄e(cuò)過了他期待的音樂會(huì)而焦慮不安。A.turnedout結(jié)果；B.turnedaway（from）把臉從…轉(zhuǎn)過去，回避對(duì)…感到厭惡拋棄，放棄；C.turnedover翻過去；D.turnedoff關(guān)上。【舉一反三】turn的?？荚~組turnablindeyeto閉眼不看;視而不見turnadeafearto不聽,不理睬,充耳不聞turnagainst

背叛；對(duì)…采取敵對(duì)態(tài)度becomeunfriendlytosomeoneturnaway轉(zhuǎn)過臉去,轉(zhuǎn)換方向;

不準(zhǔn)…入內(nèi)，不讓…參加,拒絕turnedaway（from）把臉從…轉(zhuǎn)過去，回避對(duì)…感到厭惡拋棄，放棄turndown

拒絕，把…開小，把（音）放低turninto變成,變得;

開到,走進(jìn)turnoff

停止；關(guān)上turnon

(1)打開

(2)取決于(3)反對(duì),攻擊turnout(1)到外邊來

(2)變成

(3)生產(chǎn)，制造；培養(yǎng)出turnover

(1)翻轉(zhuǎn)過來；翻身

(2)仔細(xì)考慮

(3)移交給turnthumbsdown拒絕,不贊同,反對(duì)turn/in

(1)上交，交進(jìn)去，(2)上床睡覺turn…into…

把…變成…turnto

(1)轉(zhuǎn)向;翻到;轉(zhuǎn)到(2)求助于turnup出席，出現(xiàn);

開大點(diǎn);查找turnupsidedown倒放，倒置，徹底弄亂，弄得亂七八糟15.Sarahopestobecomeafriendof________sharesherinterests.A.who

B.nomatterwhoC.whoever

D.whomever參考答案：C試題分析：句意：Sara希望成為和她有共同興趣的人交朋友。這里的介詞of后面接的是賓語(yǔ)從句，whoever引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于anyonewho，nomatterwho只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句不能引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，whomever應(yīng)該在賓語(yǔ)從句中做賓語(yǔ)，who引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句意思是“誰”，所以選C。16.28．IhavebeenlivinginShanghaifortwoyears,butIhaven'tcovered_____ofthecity.

A．a(chǎn)nything

B．much

C．many

D．something

參考答案：B略二、完型填空17.DoubleTroubleWhenIwaseight,Iwantedatoyandneeded$10tobuyit.But,asusual,Iwasbroken.Idecidedtoaskmy11-year-oldsister,Kathleen,foraloan.Iwenttoherroom,___11___herforthecash.Laughing,sheagreedto___12___methemoney,butadded,“Iwillchargeyou10percentcompoundinterestevery___13___untilyoupaymeback.”“Compoundinterest---what’sthat?”Iasked.“Well,interestiswhatyoucallthe___14___moneyborrowershavetopaybackonaloan,”sheexplained.“Compoundinterestmeansthattheinterestpaymentsgetbiggerandbiggerthe___15___youtaketopaybacktheloan.Torepaytheloan,youwillneedtogiveme$11afteronemonth.Ifyouwaittwomonthstopaymeback,your___16___willgrowfrom$10to$11.SoI’llbechargingyouintereston$11.ThenIwilladdthatinteresttothe$11youalreadyoweme,fora___17___of$12.10.That’swhatyou’lloweaftertwomonths.”“Sure.Igetit,”Isaid.Thoughtruthfully,Iwasgetting___18___.Kathleenlentmethemoney,andIboughtthetoy.Mybirthdaycameamonthlater,andmymomgaveme$10.

___19___,thatwasjusttheamountIneededtobuyanothertoyIwanted___20___.Iputoffpayingmysisterforamonth.Afteranothermonth,I___21___abouttheloan.Severalmonthslater,onChristmasmorning,mysisterandIeachfounda$02billinourstockings.Iwasjustputtingitintomypocket___22___Kathleentappedmeontheshoulder.“Sorrykiddo.That’smine.I’m___23___onyourdebt.”“Huh?”ThenIrememberedtheloan.“Hey!Howcanitbethatmuch?I___24___borrowed$10.”“True,”shesaid,“butinteresthasbeencompoundingforeightmonths.Nowyou___25___me$21.43.”Shepaused,thenadded.“Youcanpaymethe$1.43.”I___26___tobelievethata$10loancouldmorethandoublesoquickly.Muchtomy___27___,mysistergotherpencilandtabletandshowedmeexactlyhowitalladdedup.Myhead___28___asItriedtokeeptrackofKathleen’s___29___,butthistime,Igotthebasicideaofcompoundinterest.I___30___thehardwaythatborrowingmoneycanbe“doubletrouble”innotime.11.A.blaming B.begging C.searching D.preparing12.A.pay B.send C.lend D.hand13.A.month B.year C.week D.day14.A.little B.same C.enough D.extra15.A.shorter B.longer C.more D.less16.A.cash B.saving C.note D.debt17.A.total B.cost C.number D.bill18.A.encouraged B.shocked C.confused D.satisfied19.A.Gradually B.Obviously C.Unfortunately D.Hopefully20.A.seriously B.anxiously C.secretly D.desperately21.A.forgot B.knew C.talked D.cared22.A.after B.until C.while D.when23.A.carrying B.collecting C.relying D.focusing24.A.normally B.nearly C.only D.really25.A.owe B.offer C.take D.give26.A.decided B.refused C.pretended D.managed27.A.relief B.delight C.annoyance D.regret28.A.turned B.nodded C.stuck D.hurt29.A.calculations B.excuses C.directions D.discoveries30.A.explored B.learned C.explained D.questioned參考答案：11.B

12.C

13.A

14.D

15.B

16.D

17.A

18.C

19.C

20.D

21.A

22.D

23.B

24.C

25.A

26.B

27.C

28.D

29.A

30.B這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者八歲時(shí)一次借錢的經(jīng)歷。本來作者只借了姐姐10美元，可是最終作者的債務(wù)累加到了21.43美元。經(jīng)過這次經(jīng)歷，作者明白了借錢可能會(huì)給自己帶來雙重麻煩這個(gè)道理。11題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.blaming責(zé)備；B.begging懇求；C.searching搜索，搜尋；D.preparing準(zhǔn)備。我需要錢，去懇求姐姐借錢。B選項(xiàng)正確。【12題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.pay付錢；B.send送，派；C.lend借給；D.hand遞。姐姐同意借給我錢。C選項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.month月；B.year年；C.week周；D.day日。由第三段中的“Torepaytheloan,youwillneedtogiveme$11afteronemonth”可知，姐姐答應(yīng)借給我錢，但是要作者每個(gè)月付10%的利息。A選項(xiàng)正確。【14題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.little不多的，小的；B.same同樣的；C.enough足夠的；D.extra額外的。利息是借錢人在歸還貸款時(shí)額外付的錢。D選項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.shorter更短的；B.longer更長(zhǎng)的；C.more更多的；D.less更少的。歸還貸款需要的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，所需支付的利息就越多。B選項(xiàng)正確?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.cash現(xiàn)金；B.saving積蓄；C.note鈔票；D.debt債務(wù)。姐姐告訴我：“如果你等兩個(gè)月歸還我的錢，那么，你的債務(wù)將從10美元增加到11美元?！盌選項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.total總數(shù)；B.cost花費(fèi)，成本；C.number數(shù)目；D.bill賬單。如果作者兩個(gè)月才歸還姐姐的錢的話，那么，利滾利，最終作者要?dú)w還的總數(shù)為12.10美元。A選項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.encouraged受到鼓勵(lì)的；B.shocked震驚的；C.confused困惑的；D.satisfied滿意的。根據(jù)though可知，我告訴姐姐我明白了。但是，說實(shí)話，我很困惑。C選項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A.Gradually逐漸地；B.Obviously明顯地；C.Unfortunately不幸地；D.Hopefully充滿希望地。我生日那天，媽媽給了我10美元，不幸地是，那筆錢恰恰就是我買另一個(gè)玩具所需要的錢。C選項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A.seriously嚴(yán)肅地，認(rèn)真地；B.anxiously焦慮地；C.secretly秘密地；D.desperately極度地。作者特別想要再買一個(gè)禮物。D選項(xiàng)正確?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.forgot忘記；B.knew認(rèn)識(shí)，知道；C.talked交談；D.cared在意。由下文中““Huh?”ThenIrememberedtheloan”可知，又過了一個(gè)月，作者忘記了自己借的錢，到了圣誕節(jié)經(jīng)姐姐提醒才想起來。A選項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。A.after在……之后；B.until直到……；C.while當(dāng)……時(shí)候；D.when當(dāng)……時(shí)候。作者正要把20美元放到自己的口袋里，這時(shí)候姐姐拍了拍他的肩膀。bedoing…when…意為“正要做某事這時(shí)突然……”。D選項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.carrying攜帶，運(yùn)送；B.collecting收?。籆.relying依靠；D.focusing（使）集中。姐姐告訴作者：“我要收債了”。B選項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A.normally正常地；B.nearly幾乎；C.only僅僅；D.really的確，確實(shí)。作者經(jīng)過姐姐提醒，記起了自己的債務(wù)。但是他認(rèn)為自己沒借那么多錢，他只借了10美元。C選項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.owe欠；B.offer（主動(dòng)）提供；C.take帶走；D.give給。姐姐告訴作者，過了八個(gè)月，作者欠她21.43美元。A選項(xiàng)正確?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.decided決定；B.refused拒絕；C.pretended假裝；D.managed設(shè)法做到。作者不相信10美元的借款會(huì)這么快就會(huì)加倍。B選項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.relief緩解；B.delight高興；C.annoyance惱怒；D.regret后悔，遺憾。令作者感到生氣的是，姐姐拿來鉛筆和便簽簿，向作者展示這個(gè)錢數(shù)是怎么來的。C選項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.turned轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；B.nodded點(diǎn)頭；C.stuck粘貼，粘；D.hurt疼痛。當(dāng)作者努力地想弄清楚姐姐的計(jì)算時(shí)，作者很頭疼。D選項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.calculations計(jì)算；B.excuses借口，理由；C.directions方向；D.discoveries發(fā)現(xiàn)。由上面的“mysistergotherpencilandtabletandshowedmeexactlyhowitalladdedup”可知，姐姐給作者計(jì)算這個(gè)錢數(shù)是怎么來的。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A.explored探索；B.learned學(xué)會(huì)；C.explained解釋；D.questioned詢問，質(zhì)疑。作者通過這次經(jīng)歷學(xué)會(huì)了借錢可能會(huì)給自己帶來雙重麻煩這個(gè)道理。B選項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】完形填空解題技巧：上下聯(lián)系尋信息：文章中，句與句之間、段與段之間緊密相連、渾然一體。因此，完形填空中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)前面的信息為后面的空白提供暗示，而后面的信息有可能是前面空白的答案的情況。這時(shí)，考生切不可死盯空白不放，而要聯(lián)系上下文，尋求信息以確定答案。例如11小題。由下文中““Huh?”ThenIrememberedtheloan可知，作者本來忘記了自己借的錢，到了圣誕節(jié)經(jīng)姐姐提醒才想起來。這是典型的通過上下文聯(lián)系來確定答案的例子。三、閱讀理解18.AnenvironmentalgroupcalledtheFoodCommissionisunhappyanddisappointedbecauseofthesalesofbottledwaterfromJapan.Thewater,itangrilyarguesinpublic,hastraveled10,000“foodmiles”beforeitreachedWesterncustomers.TransportingwaterhalfwayacrosstheworldissurelytheextremelystupiduseoffuelwhenthereisplentyofwaterintheUK.ItisalsoworryingthatwewerewastingourfuelbybuyingprawnsfromIndonesia(7,000foodmiles)andcarrotsfromSouthAfrica(5,900foodmiles).

Countingthenumberofmilestraveleddonebyaproductisastrangewayoftryingtotellthetruesituationoftheenvironmentaldamageduetoindustry.Mostfoodistransportedaroundtheworldoncontainershipsthatareextremelyenergyefficient.Itshouldbenoticedthatatonofbuttertransported25milesinatrucktoafarmers’marketdoesn’tnecessarilyuselessfuelonitsjourneythanasimilarproducttransportedhundredsofmilesbysea.Besides,theideaof“foodmiles”ignorestheamountoffuelusedintheproduction.ItispossibletocutdownyourfoodmilesbybuyingtomatoesgrowninBritainratherthanthosegrowninGhana.ThedifferenceisthattheBritishoneswillhavebeenraisedinheatedgreenhouseandtheGhanaianonesintheopensun.Whatistheideaof“foodmiles”doesprovide,however,isthechancetocutoutThirdWorldcountriesfromFirstWorldfoodmarkets.Thenumberofmilestraveledbyourfoodshould,asIseeit,beregardedasasignofthesuccessoftheglobaltradesystem,notasignofdamagetotheenvironment.28.TheFoodCommissionisangrybecauseitthinksthat________.

A.UKwastesalotofmoneyimportingfoodproducts

B.someimportedgoodscausesenvironmentaldamage

C.growingcertainvegetablescausesenvironmentaldamage

D.peoplewastedenergybuyingfoodfromothercountries29.Thephrase“foodmiles”inthepassagereferstothedistance________.

A.thatafoodproducttravelstoamarket

B.thatafoodproducttravelsfromonemarkettoanother

C.betweenUKandotherfoodproducingcountries

D.betweenaThirdWorldcountryandaFirstWorldfoodmarket30.BycomparingtomatoesraisedinBritainandinGhana,theauthortriestoexplainthat_____.

A.BritishtomatoesarehealthierthanGhanaianones

B.Ghanaiantomatoestastebetterthantomatoesones

C.cuttingdownfoodmilesmaynotnecessarilysavefuel

D.protectingtheenvironmentmaycostalotofmoney31.Fromthepassageweknowthattheauthorismostprobably________.

A.asupporteroffreeglobaltrade

B.amemberofaFoodCommission

C.asupporterofFirstWorldfoodmarkets

D.amemberofanenergydevelopmentgroup參考答案：DACA本文為議論文，把環(huán)境的破壞歸因于產(chǎn)品從生產(chǎn)到市場(chǎng)的距離是相當(dāng)?shù)钠婀?，相反產(chǎn)品從生產(chǎn)到市場(chǎng)的公里數(shù)是世界貿(mào)易體系成功的標(biāo)志。28.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。在第一段第一句找到題目關(guān)鍵詞“FoodCommission”，第二句找到關(guān)鍵詞“angrily”向下繼續(xù)研讀，根據(jù)第三，第四句“TransportingwaterhalfwayacrosstheworldissurelytheextremelystupiduseoffuelwhenthereisplentyofwaterintheUK.ItisalsoworryingthatwewerewastingourfuelbybuyingprawnsfromIndonesia(7,000foodmiles)andcarrotsfromSouthAfrica(5,900foodmiles).”既然英國(guó)有大量的水資源，那么跨越半個(gè)地球把水運(yùn)到英國(guó)肯定是極愚蠢的燃料利用。我們浪費(fèi)燃料來從印度尼西亞從南非購(gòu)買胡蘿卜是令人擔(dān)憂的。故選D。29.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段第二句“hastraveled10,000“foodmiles”beforeitreachedWesterncustomers.”到達(dá)西方消費(fèi)者之前，已經(jīng)走了一萬公里的“食物里程”。可見“foodmiles”指的是到達(dá)消費(fèi)市場(chǎng)的路程。故選A。31.A推理判斷題。從第二段第一句“Countingthenumberofmilestraveleddonebyaproductisastrangewayoftryingtotellthetruesituationoftheenvironmentaldamageduetoindustry.”和第三段第二句“Thenumberofmilestraveledbyourfoodshould,asIseeit,beregardedasasignofthesuccessoftheglobaltradesystem,notasignofdamagetotheenvironment.照我看來，食物的公里數(shù)應(yīng)該被認(rèn)為是經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的一個(gè)成功的標(biāo)志而不是環(huán)境破壞的標(biāo)志?？芍髡呤琴Q(mào)易全球化自由化的支持者。故選A。19.Thegirlwashangingbyherhandsfromtherailingsofabalcony(陽(yáng)臺(tái)的欄桿).Thebalconywasonthetwelfthfloorofthehigh-riseblocknexttohis.Hisflatwasontheninthfloorandhehadtolookuptoseeher.Itwashalf-pastsixinthemorning.Hehadbeenawakenedbythesoundofanaircraftflyingdangerouslylowoverhead,andhadgotoutofbedtolook.Hissleepyeyes,movedfromtheblueskywhichwasemptyofcloud,emptyofanythingbutthebrightdisappearingarrowoftheaircraft,andthenrestedonthehangingfigure.Hereallythoughthemustbedreaming,forthissunrisetimewasthehourfordreams.Then,whenheknewhewasn’t,hedecideditmustbeasceneinafilm.Therewerecameramendownthere,awholefilmunit,andallthecorrectsafetyprecautionshadbeentaken.Probablythegirlwasn’tevenarealgirl,butadummy(假人).Heopenedthewindowandlookeddown.Thecarpark,pavedcourts,grassspacesbetweentheblocks,allwere