超導(dǎo)物理-第一講-講義課件

OverviewofSuperconductivity“超導(dǎo)物理”第一講浙江大學(xué)凝聚態(tài)物理研究所CGH課程介紹參考書:張裕恒：《超導(dǎo)物理》，中國科技大學(xué)出版社章立源等：《超導(dǎo)物理學(xué)》，電子工業(yè)出版社張其瑞：《高溫超導(dǎo)電性》，浙江大學(xué)出版社M.Tinkham:“IntroductiontoSuperconductivity”,McGraw-Hill,Inc.考試等：2008-9-112OutlineDiscoveryofSuperconductivityDevelopmentofSuperconductingMaterialsBasicPropertiesofSuperconductorsPhenomenologicalTheoriesMicroscopicTheoriesNewChallenges(HTSC)2008-9-113DiscoveryofSuperconductivity19thCentury:DowntolowerTFirsttoliquefy“thepermanentgas”HeliumPt:residualresistanceisrelatedtotheimpurityMercuryiseasytopurifiedDiscoveryofSCinHgin19112008-9-114DiscoveryofSuperconductivityH.K.Onnes,Commun.Phys.Lab.12,120,(1911)ZeroElectricalResistanceMeasurementvs.Observation2008-9-115Zeroresistance,Really?62008-9-112008-9-1172008-9-1182008-9-119DiscoveryofSuperconductivityMeissnerEffectIdealConductorSuperconductorMagneticlevitation“Fluxfrozen”2008-9-11102008-9-1111122008-9-11132008-9-112008-9-1114SuperconductivityisnotrareElementsAlloysInorganiccompoundsOrganiccompoundsPolymersBiosystems?2008-9-11152008-9-1116SuperconductingCriticalMagneticField2008-9-1117182008-9-11DefinitionofTc,HcandJcTypeIandTypeIISuperconductors2008-9-1119VortexStateforTypeIISuperconductors2008-9-1120212008-9-11VortexPinningforTypeIISuperconductorsToinducedefectstopinthevortices:IncreasingJc;Superconductingmagnet2008-9-1122TheoreticalpredictionofvorticesintypeIIsuperconductorsFirstpublishedin19522008-9-11232003NobelLaureatesforPhysicsAlexeiA.Abrikosov

VitalyL.Ginzburg

AnthonyJ.Leggett

USAandRussiaRussiaUnitedKingdomandUSA2008-9-1124TheoryofSuperconductivityPhenomenologicalTheoryLondonTheoryGinzberg-Landau-Abricosov-GorkovTheoryMicroscopicTheory

BCSTheoryOtherTheoriesMacroscopicQuantumPhenomenon

=(r)=Aei(r)2008-9-1125BCSTheoryofSuperconductivity2008-9-1126超導(dǎo)機制－Cooper電子對實空間正常態(tài)超導(dǎo)態(tài)動量空間2008-9-1127BCSTheoryofSuperconductivity1972NobelPrizeforPhysicsJohnBardeen

LeonNeilCooper

JohnRobertSchrieffer

2008-9-1128JosephsonEffect1973NobelPrizeforPhysicsCompletedthegreatworkasapostgraduate!2008-9-1129Superconductingquantuminterferencedevice(SQUID)

ThresholdforSQUID:10-14TMagneticfieldofheart:10-10TMagneticfieldofbrain:10-13T2008-9-1130DiscoveryofHTSCBackgroundTheory:Little,Ginzberg,…Experiments:Oxides,theceramicsuperconductorsBa(Pb,Bi)O3;LixTi2O4(La,Ba)2CuO42008-9-1131DiscoveryofHTSCBednorzandMuller,Z.PhysikB64,189,(1986)2008-9-1132DiscoveryofHTSC"fortheirimportantbreak-throughinthediscoveryofsuperconductivityinceramicmaterials"K.AlexanderMuller

J.GeorgBednorz1987NobelPrizeforPhysics2008-9-1133RetrospectionontheDiscoveryofHTSC(La,Ba)2CuO4:

AFrenchGroup(B.Raveau)ARussianGroupPioneerProposalonOxideSuperconductorinChina:Ba(Pb,Bi)O3NewdiscoveryanditsimpactonScience&Technology2008-9-1134CommonstructuremodelofHTSC2008-9-11352008-9-1136ElectronicPhaseDiagramofHTSC2008-9-1137SuperconductingGapFunctions(0,)(,0)(/2,/2)s-wavegapd-wavegap2008-9-1138贗能隙現(xiàn)象與預(yù)超導(dǎo)配對

傳統(tǒng)超導(dǎo)體

Cooper對的出現(xiàn)與建立相干性同步完成.

一般單電子高溫超導(dǎo)體Tc一般單電子CooperPairsBose-EinsteinCondensationT*Tc漲落的Cooper對相干的Cooper對：BEC2008-9-11392008-9-1140IsaveragefieldtheoryenoughtoelucidateHTSC?Nanoscalephaseseparations:keytothehigh-Tc?TheRoleofQuenchedDisorder?2008-9-11412023/7/20NewHigh-TcSuperconductorsLaFeAsO,1111,56KBaFe2As2,122,38K2023/7/202023/7/20111,LiFeAs,18K11,FeSe,10K2023/7/20BuildingBlocksMechanismofHTSC?揭示高溫超導(dǎo)機理=諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎發(fā)現(xiàn)室溫超導(dǎo)體=諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎2008-9-1146NobelPrizesmarkMILESTONESintheareaofSUPERCONDUCTIVITY1911Discoveryofsuperconductivity1950-1957:GLAGTheory1957BCSTheory19