英語影視欣賞復(fù)習(xí)資料-2

...v.9.Culturaldifferencesonthebus:1.Oldandyoung;2.Pregnantandhandicapped;10Million;thousands;hundredsIt’slikeamillionpeopleflyinginaroundtheworld.OurhousehadbeeninMama’sfamilysincehergrandpa’sgrandpa’sgrandpahadeacrosstheoceanaboutathousandyearsago.I’vetoldyouahundredtimesthattodayI’llebacklate.11.Hisbackisascrookedasapolitician.Crookn.1.Acrookisadishonestpersonoracriminal.Themanisacrookandaliar.2.Thecrookofyourarmorlegisthesoftinsidepartwhereyoubendyourelboworknee.Shehidherfaceinthecrookofherarm.Crookv.Ifyoucrookyourarmorfinger,youbendit.Hecrookedhisfinger:"eforward,"hesaid.Crookedadj.1.Ifyoudescribesomethingascrooked,especiallysomethingthatisusuallystraight,youmeanthatitisbentortwisted.Themaponthewallisabitcrooked.2.Acrookedsmileisunevenandbiggerononesidethantheother.Pollygaveheracrookedgrin.3.Ifyoudescribeapersonoranactivityascrooked,youmeanthattheyaredishonestorcriminalHeisclearlyacrookedcop.12.Pun(??1?ó?)Definition:1.“alsoplayonwords;2.Anamusinguseofawordorphrasethathastwomeanings,orwordswiththesamesoundbutdifferentmeanings.Forexample:咸菜煎豆腐——有言(鹽)在先Sevendayswithoutwatermakeoneweak’(=1week)13.Classification1.Homophonicpuns諧音雙關(guān)2.Homographicpuns詞義雙關(guān)A.Homonyms同形異義B.Polysemy一詞多義3.Asteismus岐解雙關(guān)14.Functionsofpuns①.用于廣告文體，作為一種特殊的交際模式，有其明顯的目的性，而雙關(guān)語又具有簡潔凝練幽默幽默，新穎別致等語用效果，能夠突出廣告的特點(diǎn)，廣告商利用語言文字同音或同義，同音異義的關(guān)系，使一句話關(guān)涉兩件事，一明一暗，一真一假，即引人注日，又引起聯(lián)想、Moneydoesn'tgrowontrees.Butitblossomsatourbranches.Moneydoesn'tgrowontrees.Butitblossomsatourbranches.

錢長在樹上不行，但在我們這“行〞行!

這是英國勞埃德銀行((LoydBank)外路牌廣告其中branch一詞有雙重含義:一為字而含義，承接上句中的tree指樹枝;而更深一層的含義那么為分行、支行，即該銀行的各個(gè)分支機(jī)構(gòu)、事實(shí)上這個(gè))’告的真正意圖是寫召人們將錢存到勞埃德銀行。因此該)’告的言外之意是:把錢存到勞埃德銀行吧.在那里錢會(huì)不斷增值。又如:AskforMore這是摩爾香煙在廣告語中樹立的雙關(guān)典范、它巧妙地使用一詞的雙重意義:more是一個(gè)副詞，表示‘更加，更多〞;首字母大寫之后，變成了品牌名稱，表示‘摩爾〞、這那么廣告使人們輕松記住了商品的品牌，同時(shí)又給人留下難忘的幽默:‘再來一支，還抽摩爾〞。②.用于日常生話在口常生話中雙關(guān)是很常見的，使用者可以更為巧妙和幽默地表達(dá)隱含的“特殊〞意義，使之不太過直白。“Forthfloor",shoutedthepassengertotheelevator.“Hereyouare,son."“Howdareyoncallme‘son’?’，“Sir,Icalled,orwhatever.I‘vebroughtyouupanyway.對乘客一開場的出言不遜，電梯管理員并沒有以牙還牙地吼叫，而是利用雙關(guān)語反唇相譏一“bringup;(把你帶上來;把你撫養(yǎng)成人)，讓這個(gè)無禮的乘客無言以對。③.用于謎語中雙關(guān)用于謎語中使謎語更加隱秘、有內(nèi)涵----Whichrunsfaster,heatorcold?----Heatrunsfaster,becauseyoucaneasilycatchcold.這里。Cold本意是冷，而它和catch〞抓住〞在一起那么表示〞感冒〞了，熱沒有類似的用法，所以熱和冷相比擬，熱要跑得。④.用于笑話中笑話中使用雙關(guān)，使語言更加俏皮和更有幽默性.---Whatdidthetelephonegirlsaytoyouwhenshebroketheengagement.---Shesaid:"Ringoff.“女郎在切斷是跟你說什么了?她說:“把戒指拿下來。〞這是由兩個(gè)雙關(guān)詞組構(gòu)成的兩個(gè)習(xí)語、Breaktheengagement意為解除婚姻;或打完后切斷.Ringoff的意思是把戒指拿下來;或掛斷。這兩個(gè)習(xí)語同樣也是一詞多義的現(xiàn)象來引起歧義.Judge:“Whatmadeyouthinkthatyoucouldparkyourcarthere?〞Tourist:“Well,therewasabigsignthatread:‘FineforParking.’〞“你怎么想把車子停在那里？〞“喔，那里有個(gè)大牌子，上面寫著‘停車的好地方。〔停車罰款〕’〞原文：Professorofphysics:Whatismatter?Student:Nevermind.Professor:Thenwhatismind?Student:Itdoesn’tmatter.譯文：物理教授：“什么是物質(zhì)？〞〔“你怎么啦？〞〕學(xué)生：“它不是精神。〞〔“不要緊。〞〕教授：“那什么是精神？〞〔“那你介意什么？〞〕學(xué)生：“它不是物質(zhì)。〞〔“我不介意什么。〞〕Theprofessortappedonhisdeskandshouted,“Gentlemen,Order!〞

Theentireclassyelled,“beer!〞

教授敲著桌子大聲說：“先生們，安靜！〞全班一致答復(fù)“啤酒〞⑤.文學(xué)作品中。在英語文學(xué)作品中雙關(guān)語有著廣泛的應(yīng)用，對于刻畫人物性格起到很大的作用、如:海明威的著名小說AFarewelltoArms，標(biāo)題中的arms,很多西力評論家指出是一語雙關(guān)、Arms是多義詞，聯(lián)系小說內(nèi)容,arms具有雙重含義，一層意義為武器，象征帝國主義戰(zhàn)爭;另一層意義為手臂，象征愛情、同時(shí)，這也與小說本身的兩大主題相符:戰(zhàn)爭與愛情、小說的標(biāo)題具備了雙重含義:永別了，武器;同時(shí)，永別了，愛情、15.Puzzles1.--Whencanapersonbeetwopersons?--Whenoneissoangrythatheisbesideshimself.Or--Whenhedoublesupwithlaughter.2.--Whenamanfeelsgirlish?--Whenhemakeshismaidenspeech.3.--Whenisaveryangrymanlikeaclockoffiftyminutespasttwelve？--Whenheisjustgoingtostrikeone.4.–Whyshouldn’tyoubelieveamaninbed?--Becauseheisalwayslying.5.–Whendidtheblindmansuddenlysee?--Whenhetookupahammerandsaw.6.–Howwouldagreedymanpunctuate“Isawaone-hundred-dollarbillonthesidewalk?〞--Hewouldjustmakeadashafterit.16.Quiz1.Iwasarrestedattheairport.JustbecauseIwasgreetingmycousinJack!AllthatIsaidwas"HiJack",butveryloud.2.Abicyclecan'tstandonitsownbecauseitistwo-tyred.3.Hisleftbrainhasnothingrightandhisrightbrainhasnothingleft.4.Heisnotagravemanuntilheisagraveman.5.Timeflieslikeanarrow,fruitflieslikeabanana.

6.Heworeanewhairpieceeverydayandwasconsideredabigwig.7.HedrovehisexpensivecarintoatreeandfoundouthowtheMercedesbends.17.Doyourememberyourmotherwheny'allwerelivingtogether?Haveanyofy'allbeencontactedaboutthiscase?Y'allgottheseknivesandgunspointingatme,ContractedforminAmericanEnglish18.1.gotta–gotto;2.hafta–haveto;3.hasta–hasto;4.oughta–oughtto;5.wanna–wantto;6.wannabe–wanttobe;7.gonna–goingto;8.kinda–kindof;9.kindsa–kindsof;10.lotta–lotof;11.lotsa–lotsof;12.gimme–giveme;13.lemme–letme;14.coulda–couldhave;15.shoulda–shouldhave;16.woulda–wouldhave;17.mighta–mighthave;18.musta–musthave;19.getcha–getyou;20.gotcha–gotyou;21.betcha–betyou;22.doncha–don’tyou;19.1.whatareyougonnadothisafternoon?2.I’mgonnaplayfootball.3.I’mgonnagohome.4.Youwannaaskhertoseeamovie?5.Youwannadan