高中英語Unit5MeetingYourAncestorsUsinglanguage（一）教案新人教版選修8

/10/10/Unit5MeetingyourancestorsPeriod4UsinglanguageTeachinggoals教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.Targetlanguage目標(biāo)語言a.重點(diǎn)詞匯和知識(shí)archaeology,accurate,radioactivity,chronological,excavation,identify,alternative,household,datebacktob.交際用語Practicegivingopinionsanddescribingobjectsshould...because...atweshould...because...Isuggestwe...If...,thenmaybeweoughtto...Perhapsweshould/could...Wemustaskforhelpfrom...Whatif...?Itseemslikely/unlikelythat...Itlookslike...Itcouldbe...because...Howlargedoyouthinkitis?Isthereany...onthe...?Itmay/mighthavebeenusedas/for...2.Abilitygoals能力目標(biāo)Enablethestudentstotalkaboutarchaeologicalevidenceandknowledgeandlearntodescribepeopleandpracticegivingopinions.3.Learningabilitygoals學(xué)能目標(biāo)Helpthestudentslearnhowtogiveopinionsanddescribeobjects.Teachingimportant&difficultpoints教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)Learntodescribeobjectsandgiveopinions.Teachingmethods教學(xué)方法Listeningandcooperativelearning.Teachingaids教具準(zhǔn)備Atapereorder,aprojectorandacomputer.Teachingprocedures&ways教學(xué)過程與方式StepⅠLead-inLead-inbytalkingabouttheancientcivilizations.T:Goodmorning,boysandgirls!Youmusthavelearnedhistoryinthepastyears,haven’tyou?S:Yes.T:Haveyoueverheard“FourGreatAncientCivilizations”?S:Yes,theyareAncientChina,AncientGreece,AncientEgyptandAncientIndia.T:Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?S1:InAncientChina,wehave“FourGreatInventions”.Theyarethecompass,printing,gunpowderandpapermaking,ofwhichweareproud,andwhich,inthewordsofRogerBacon,“changedthewholeappearanceandstatusofthingsintheworld.”S2:Chinawasthefirstcountryintheworldtomakepaper.PapermadeduringtheWesternHanDynasty(202BC-16AD)hasbeenfoundinGansuProvince,Xi’anandShaanxiS3:Beforepaperwasinvented,theancientChinesecarvedcharactersonpottery,animalbonesandstones,castthemonbronzes,orwrotethemonbambooorwoodenstripsandsilkfabric.Thesematerials,however,wereeithertooheavyortooexpensiveforwidespreaduse.Theinventionanduseofpaperbroughtaboutarevolutioninwritingmaterials,pavingthewayfortheinventionofprintingtechnologyintheyearstocome.S4:TheinventionofgunpowderwasnodoubtoneofthemostsignificantachievementsoftheMiddleAgesinChina.Thecorrectprescriptionformakinggunpowderwithnitre,sulphurandcarbonwasprobablydiscoveredintheninthcentury.S5:Bi’sprintingconsistedoffourprocesses:makingthetypes,composingthetext,printingandretrievingthemovabletypes.AccordingtoDreamStreamEssays,BiShengcarvedindividualcharactersonsquaresofstickyclay,andthenbakedthemtomakeclaytypepieces.Whencomposingatext,heputalargeironframeonapieceofironboardandarrangedthewordswithintheframe.Whileoneplatewasbeingprinted,anotherplatecouldbecomposed.Afterprinting,themovabletypesweretakenawayandstoredforfutureuse.Movabletypeprintinghadaveryimportantpositioninthehistoryofprinting,foralllaterprintingmethodssuchaswoodentype,coppertypeandleadtypeprintinginvariablydevelopedonthebasisofmovableclaytypes.BiShengcreatedmovabletypeprintingmorethanfourhundredyearsearlierthanitwasinventedinEurope.S6:Accordingtoancientrecords,naturalmagnetswereemployedinChinaasdirection-findingdevices.Thisledtothefirstcompass,calledasinan(south-pointingladle)duringtheWarringStatesPeriod.IntheHanDynastycompassesconsistedofabronzeonwhich24directionswerecarvedandarodmadefromanaturalmagnet.Suchdeviceswereinuseuntiltheeighthcentury.IntheSongDynasty,ShenKuodescribedthefloatingcompass,suspendedinwater,atechniquethatminimizedtheeffectofmotionontheinstrument.Thisenabledthecompasstobeusedforseanavigationforthefirsttime.Theinventionofthecompasspromotedmaritimeundertakings,anditsusesoonspreadtotheArabworld,andthencetoEurope.S7:China’sfourgreatancientinventionsmadetremendouscontributionstotheworld’seconomyandthecultureofmankind.TheywerealsoimportantsymbolsofChina’sroleasagreatworldcivilization.S8:AncientEgyptisfamousforpyramidsandmummy.S9:OlympicgamesgrewoutofAncientGreece.Besides,AncientGreeceiswellknownforitsart,architectureandmyth.S10:AncientIndiaisknownforitscultureofBuddha.T:Excellent!I’mveryhappythatyou’veknownsomuchaboutFourGreatAncientCivilizations.Today,wewilltalkaboutsomeotherculturalheritage.StepⅡWarmingupDealwiththeWarmingUppart.T:Nowturntopage37andlookatthepictures.Whatcanyouseeinthepictures?S:SomeculturalrelicsfromAncientGreece,ChinaandEgypt.T:Good.Nowtrytoidentifythesepictures.Discusswhattheymayhavebeenmadeofandexplaintheiruse.Canyouthinkofthealternativeswewouldusetoday?Thestudentsaregiven3minutestodiscuss.3minuteslater,letthestudentsgivetheiropinions.S1:Thefirstpictureisanoillamp.Ithinkitmighthavebeenmadeofbronze.Itwasusedtogetlight.Butnowwegetlightbyusingelectricity.S2:Itiscalled“Bianzhong”.Iguessitwasmadeofbronze,too.Itwasusedtoplaymusic.Todayweuseothermusicalinstruments,suchasviolin,pianoandguitar.S3:ThethirdoneisStoneAxe,whichiscertainlymadeofstone.Itmighthaveusedtoscrapeandcutupthings.Todaywecanusesteelaxe.S4:ThelastoneisaburialmaskofPharaoh.ItwasmadeofgoldandusedtoprotectthefaceofPharaoh;andthemaskenabledthespirittorecognizethebody.Ithinkweneverusemaskswhenapersondies.Butnowweusemaskstoplayorgiveperformance.…T:NowIcangiveyousomesuggestedanswers.Lookatthescreen.Showthefollowing.ItsnameWhatitwasmadeofItsuseToday’salternatives1.OillampBronzeGetlightelectricity,wind2.BianzhongBronzePlaymusicPiano,violinandguitar3.StoneaxeStoneScrapeandcutupthingsAxemadeofothermaterials,forexample,steel4.PharaohmaskGoldPreservethefaceorenablethespirittorealizethebodyNothingStepⅢSpeakingTalkaboutSanxingduiRuinswiththestudents.T:WehavelookedatsomeculturalrelicsofAncientGreece,ChinaandEgyptabove.DoyouwanttoknowmoreaboutChineseculturalrelics?S:Yes.Thenshowthepicturesonpage44.TellthestudentstheywerefoundduringanexcavationintheSanxingduiRuins.T:WhatdoyouknowaboutSanxingduiRuins?S1:IknowthatSanxingduiRuinsarefoundinSichuanS2:Theyarefamousforgoldmasks,bronzewares,jadetabletsandsacredtrees.S3:Andhalfhumanandhalf-animalmasks.ThereisSanxingduiInternationalMaskFestivalatthestartoftheMayDayholiday.S4:ItisbelievedthatSanxingduiwasthecapitaloftheancient“Shuculture”oftheSichuanarea,previouslybelievedtobe3,000yearsold.Ametropolisofitstime,coveringaboutthreesquarekilometers,Sanxingduihadhighlydevelopedagriculture,includingwine-makingability,ceramictechnologyandsacrificialtoolsandmining.T:Good,SanxingduiRuinsareveryimportantculturalrelicsforusChineseandeventhewholeworld.Some100yearsago,Sanxingduiintoday’sSichuanShowthefollowingonthescreen.Givethestudentsthreeminutestodiscuss.1.Guesswhattheyare.2.Discusswhattheseobjectswerepossiblyusedfor.3.Describetheseobjects.Youshouldinclude:a.Thenameofthesitewherethefourobjectswerefoundandtheirpossibledates;b.Adescriptionofeachincludingappearance,shapeandaguessaboutthematerialitwasmadeof;c.Whatwecanlearnfromtheseobjectsaboutthepeoplewholivedthen.Afterafewminutes.T:OK,somuchfordiscussion.Firstlookatthequestionsonthescreenagain.Whataretheanswers?S1:Inmyopinion,thefirstonelookslikeatree.Itmightbemadeofbronze.Also,itmightbeusedtooffersacrificestogodsorancestors.S2:Ithinkthesecondpictureisananimal-faceimage.Itmightalsobemadeofbronze.Itmightstandforauthority.S3:Itlookslikeabird.Ithinkitcouldbemadeofbronzeanditmightbeanornament.S4:Itmaybeapotterypot,whichisusedtocontainboiledwaterorwine.T:Welldone.Yourguessessoundreasonable.Lookatthescreen.ThesearewhatIhavefoundaboutthesethings.Showthefollowing.1.bronzesacredtree442×802-52kb.2.bronzeanimal-faceimage520×364-55kb.3.bird-shapedornament1s500×815-50kbt1.4.potterypot579×924-170kb.DealwiththeSPEAKINGTASK.T:AboveareobjectsinancientChina.Nowlet’sturntoapictureofancientEgypt.Turntopage84.ReadtheinstructionsanddiscussthepaintingandthenfillinthechartinPart1.Asampledialogue:S1:Whatcanyoufindinthepainting?S2:Icanfindsomepeoplearesittingonlowstools,servedbysomeone.S1:Yes.Inthelowerpartofthepicture,someoneisholdingaplatewithmeatofpoultry.Andonthetablethereareotherkindsoffood.S2:Look.Therehangsomeclothesonthewall.Theyhadtotakeoffclotheswhenhavingdinner.S1:Iagree.Andwecanseethattheirmealsarearrangedwell.Maybethesoupmustbefirstserved,andthencomesthemeat.S2:Doyoufindsomeonedancing?S1:Yes.Maybetheyarewatchingthedancingwhileeating.…Askthestudentstoreadtheiranswers.EvidencefromthewallpaintingFoodArrangementsforthemealClothesHygieneEntertainmentPeopleSomeoneisholdingaplatewithgoosemeatinitSomethinglikesoupareservedfirst,thenanotheronepresentsthemeat...ClothesarehangingonthewallTheroomiscleanandtheytookoffclotheswheneating.SomeoneisdancingSomearesittingonthetoolsandservedbyotherswhodressdifferently.ThengoonwithPart2.Askthestudentstoshowtheirconclusionafterdiscussion.AdescriptionofancientEgyptianlife:ThefewfurnishingsintheancientEgyptianhomeweresimpleindesign.Themostcommonpieceoffurniturewasalowstool,usedbyallEgyptiansincludingthepharaoh.Andsomeonewasdancingforthemwhiletheyareeating.Perhapstherewasmusictoo.Itisreasonabletoassumethatthepeoplesittingonthestoolsinthepaintingwereofhighersocialpositions.Aswecanseefromthepainting,therehungsomeclothesonthewall.Itseemsthattheyshouldtakeoffclotheswhenhavingdinner.Wethinktheyweredoingwellinhygiene.OurevidencesuggeststhattheancientEgyptianpeoplewereveryparticulartotheirfoodandclothes,andpaidgreatattentiontohygiene.StepⅣListeningGivethestudentsoneminutetoscanthequestionsfirst.T:Now,tellmewhatyouhavelearntfromthetape?S1:I’veknownthemethodsthatarchaeologistsusetodatebones.They’relayersinthegroundandradiocarbondating.S2:Besides,eachlayerlooksdifferentastheyareuncovered,sowecantellwhereonelayerstartsandanotherfinishes.S3:Alllivingthingshavecarbonintheirbodies.Whentheydie,thecarbonwillreliveatacertainrate.Archaeologistscanuseradioactivitytotellhowoldtheremainsare.T:Good.Nowpleaselistentotherecordingandfillinthediagramandthechart.Checktheanswerswiththeclass.ThenaskthestudentstodoPart3.Sampleanswers:IthinkthechronologicalorderisB-C-A.Ireachedtheconclusionbylookingatthelayersontheground.Fromthepicture,wecanseeBhasnolayers,whichsuggestsitisbuiltprimitively;Chasthinlayersofash,whichsuggeststhebuildingisbuiltabitlaterthanB.Ahasthethickestlayers,whichsuggeststhatthegroundhasbeendevelopingformanyyearsandbuildingAisbuiltlaterthanC.SomychronologicalorderisB-C-A.ListeningtaskT:Afterwelearnedsomearchaeologicalknowledge,let’slookatsomethingaboutancientEgypt.Nowturntopage81,youaregiventhreeminutestodiscussthefirstquestion:whatdidtheancientEgyptiansbelieve?Threeminuteslater,letthestudentsshowtheirdiscussion.S1:Accordingtothepicture,IthinktheancientEgyptiansbelievedthatthephysicalbodyhadtobepreservedtoallowaplacefortheirspirittodwellintheafterlife.Becauseofthis,mummificationwasperformedtopreservethebody.S2:Egyptiansbelievedthatthebodywasthelinktoaspiritualexistenceintheafterlife.Thebodywasmummifiedsothespiritcouldgetneededfoodanddrinkintheafterlife.Incasethebodywasdestroyedordamaged,magicalspellswereplacedonastatueofthedeceasedsothespiritcouldcontinuetohavetheirneedsmet.…Sampleanswers:TheEgyptiansbelievedthatdeathwassimplyatemporaryinterruption,ratherthancompletecessation,oflife,andthateternallifecouldbeensuredbymeansoflikepietytothegods,preservationofthephysicalform,a