高中總復(fù)習(xí)英語時態(tài)

一般現(xiàn)在時謂語動詞的構(gòu)成形式：主語是第一，二人稱及第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)時，用動詞原形。主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，動詞加-s,–es,-ies.用法：1.表示經(jīng)常性，習(xí)慣性的動作及現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，特征，喜好，真理。常與often,always,usually,everymonth等時間狀語連用。2.表示狀態(tài)和感覺的動詞如：be,like,hate,think,remember,find,sound,feel,look,taste,smell.3.一些動詞用于表示按計劃，規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動作如：begin,start,come,leave,go,arrive,stop,return,open,close4.在時間，條件狀語從句中表示一般將來時。

基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)：用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.He__________(go)toschooleveryday.2.She___________(look)veryhappy.3.Theboyoften____________(carry)aheavybag.4.Maryalways____________(watch)TVatnoon.5.Thetrain_________(leave)atnine.6.Thestories__________(sound)interesting.7.Ifyou(come)thisafternoon,we’llhaveameeting.8.WhenI__________(graduate),I’llgotothecountryside.9.Theearth__________(move)aroundthesun.10.They___________(canswim)inthesea.11.Boys___________(be)alwaystallerthangirls.

一般過去時謂語動詞的構(gòu)成形式：一律用動詞的過去式（有規(guī)則及不規(guī)則之分）規(guī)則：1.–ed:如：worked,opened,started2.–d:如：decided,used,liked3.雙寫最后一個輔音字母在加ed如:stopped,planned,preferred4.輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，改y為i再加ed如：carry改為carried,study5.元音字母加y結(jié)尾的，無須改，直接加ed如：stayed,不規(guī)則：熟記。如：run,come,go,leave,teach,eat,drink,get,do,be,have,steal等。用法：發(fā)生在過去的動作，存在的狀態(tài)，反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作。只是對過去的動作的簡單描述，過去發(fā)生，過去結(jié)束。不強調(diào)過程，只強調(diào)過去的結(jié)果。

基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)：用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.He___________(break)hiscup.2.I__________(see)himinthestreet.3.Myfather___________(work)and________(study)here30yearsago.4.They____________(arrive)inthecitylastweek.5.Thegirl___________(be)bornin1995.6.He_______(live)inShanghaifortenyears,butnowheworksinShishi.7.Theboy________(make)manymistakes,which(make)hismotherveryangry.

現(xiàn)在進行時,過去進行時,將來進行時謂語動詞的構(gòu)成形式：現(xiàn)在進行時：am,is,are+doing(現(xiàn)在分詞)過去進行時：was,were+doing(現(xiàn)在分詞)將來進行時：willbe+doing現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：1.直接加ing如：going,staying,carrying,stealing2.去e(詞尾不發(fā)音)加ing如：come:coming,arrive,leave3.閉音節(jié)，雙寫詞尾輔音字母加ing如：stopping,running,beginning,sitting，preferring4.不存在改y為i的現(xiàn)象：saying,staying用法：現(xiàn)在進行時：表示現(xiàn)在（說話時）動作正在進行。

過去進行時：過去某一時刻，某一階段動作正在進行.

將來進行時：過去某一時刻，某一階段動作正在進行.

基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)：用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.They______________(talk)aboutthefilmnow.2.Thestudents______________(have)aclassmeetingatthemoment.3.I_______________(watch)afootballgameinthefieldwhenhecamein.4.He_______________(sit)therewithsomeboysatthreeyesterdayafternoon.5.Myfathter________________(attend)ameetingthesedays.6.Wangping______________(write)abooklastmonth,butIdidn’tknowifhefinishedit.7.I____________(discuss)thisproblemwithsomeexpertsatthistimetomorrow.8.He_______________(sit)therewithsomeboysatthreetomorrowafternoon.

現(xiàn)在完成時謂語動詞的構(gòu)成形式：has（第三人稱單數(shù)）,have+過去分詞過去分詞的構(gòu)成：規(guī)則：與構(gòu)成過去式一樣。不規(guī)則：熟記如：forget,come,go,buy,think,leave,run,read,sit用法：動作在現(xiàn)在之前已完成，但對現(xiàn)在有影響或造成某種結(jié)果，沒有具體的時間狀語，有時有ever,never,already,yet現(xiàn)于句中。

HehasgonetoXiaMen(人現(xiàn)在不在這里)Thechildhasbrokenthewindow(窗戶還未修好)IhaveneverbeentoSuZhou.2.動作始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，也許還會持續(xù)下去，常與sofar,thismonth,for+時間長度，since+時間狀語（詞，短語或句子）連用Hehaslivedherefor5years=Hehaslivedheresince5yearsago.Hehaslivedheresinceheleftschool.3.常用于以下兩個句型：It(This)isthefirst(last)timethat-----It(This)isthebest(最高級)+名詞that-----ThisisthesecondtimethatIhavereadthebook.Itisthemostinterestingfilmshehasseen.

現(xiàn)在完成進行時：have/hasbeendoing有現(xiàn)在完成時的特點，但更強調(diào)動作的持續(xù)進行，有時也含持續(xù)進行的這一動作最終導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。

基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)：用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Itisthesecondtimethatshe_____________(read)thebook.2.ThisisthemostinterstingfilmthatI_______(see).3.Tom_________never___________(know)suchaperson.4.Ourteacher_________________(teach)Englishfor10years.5.Thetwins________________(be)awaysincetenminutesago.6.He____________(learn)2000Englishwordsnow.7.They____________(play)basketballfortwohoursandtheyfeelsverytirednow.8.---Whathappenedtoyou?You’rewetthrough!---I_____________(walk)intherainfor20minutes!

過去完成時謂語動詞的構(gòu)成形式：had+過去分詞過去分詞的構(gòu)成：規(guī)則：與構(gòu)成過去式一樣。不規(guī)則：熟記如：forget,come,go,buy,think,leave,run,read,sit,see,teach,lie用法：基礎(chǔ)用法：表示在過去某一時間或某一動作之前已發(fā)生或存在的狀態(tài).1.常見于主句是過去時態(tài)的賓語從句中：HesaidthathehadbeentoQuanZhou.2.句中有by+過去時間,bytheendof+過去時間，bythetime+過去時態(tài)的句子。Hehadknownthisbynineyesterdaymorning.Theyhadheld3Englishpartiesbytheendoflastterm.3.從句的動作發(fā)生在過去，而主句的動作在從句動作之前發(fā)生：Thetrainhadleft

whenIgottothestation.注意：1。若主句和從句的動作幾乎同時發(fā)生，不一定要用過去完成時，特別是在after,before引導(dǎo)的從句中。Afterwesaidgood-byetothem,weleftthevillage.JustbeforeIturnedoffthelight,Iheardasuddencry.2．hope,plan,mean,expect,intend,suppose,want’think等動詞用過去完成時表示一個本來打算做而未做的事。在句中常翻譯為“本想---但---”“原打算----但---”Theyhadwantedtohelp,butcouldnotgethereintime.基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)：用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(不一定只是過去完成)1.Bythetimehewastwenty,he____________(write)fivebooks.2.Heaskedifyou_________________(know)MrLi.3.I_________________(plan)tovisityou,butwasstoppedbytheheavyrain.4.He___________(tell)theteacherthathe____________(finish)hishomework.5.MrHu________________(live)therefor10yearsbeforehecamehere.6.Theboy_______(run)awaybeforeIsaidanything.7.BeforeI_________(get)up,he________(get)here8.I________________(see)thefilmtwicebytheendoflastweek.時態(tài)主動被動1.一般現(xiàn)在時do,doesam/is/are+done2.一般過去時didwas/were+done3.現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/are+doingam/is/are+being+done4.過去進行時was/were+doingwas/were+being+done5.現(xiàn)在完成時has/have+donehas/have+been+done6.過去完成時had+donehad+been+done7.一般將來時will/shall+dowill/shall+be+done8.過去將來時would/should+dowould/should+be+done9.將來進行時will/shallbe+doing10.現(xiàn)在完成進行has/havebeen+doing將下列句子改為被動語態(tài)：Theyusetherecordereveryday.Therecorderisusedeveryday(bythem).2.Theyusedtherecorderyesterday.

Therecorderwasusedyesterday(bythem).3.Theywillusetherecordertomorrow.

Therecorderwillbeusedtomorrow(bythem).4.Hesaidwouldusetherecorder.

Hesaid

therecorderwouldbeused(bythem).5.Theyareusingtherecordernow.

Therecorderisbeingusednow(bythem).6.Theywereusingtherecorderatthattime.

Therecorderwasbeingusedatthattime(bythem).7.Hehassolvedthoseproblems.

Thoseproblems

havebeensolved(byhim)8.Shesaidhehadsolvedthoseproblems.

Shesaid

thoseproblems

hadbeensolved(byhim)He_________________(live)hereforfouryears/sincefouryearsago.2.Hetoldmehe____________(live)hereforfouryears/sincefouryearsbefore.3.HeisinBeijingnow.He__________(work)inXiamenfor10years.4.Onceyouareintrouble,you____________(ask)forhelpfromparents.5.Whenhe_______(grow)up,hewillknowthetruth.6.Inthepastfewyears,myhometown___________________(change)alot.7,Ifmoretime_____________(give),I’llsolvethisproblem.8.Nobody______________(allow)tosmokeinpublic9.Nobody____________(like)tobetreatedbadly.10.I_____________(live)inLondinformanyyears,butIhaveneverregrettedmyfinaldecisiontomovebacktoChina.11.Astimegoesby,findingajob______________(get)moreandmoredifficult.12.Whendidyoufindhe____________(lose)hisnewwatch.13.John_____________(leave)twohoursago,soIdidn’tseehim.14.Theybecamefriendsagain.Untilthen,they______________(notspeak)toeachotherfornearlytwoyears.15.Visitors_______________(require)nottotouchanyancientobjects.16.IfI______________(know)hisarrival,Iwouldgotomeethimatthestation.17.----DidyouunderstandwhatImean?----Sorry,I______________(notcatch)whatyousaid.I_______________(think)abouthowtosolveanotherdifficultproblem.18.----WhatwereyoudoingwhenItelephonedyou?----I_______(go)tobed,forI__________(finish)mywork.19.----Whenwillhecomeback?----Ihavenoidea,butIknowhe_____________(stay)thereforafewdays.20.---YouwereoutwhenItelephonedyoulastnight.---Oh,I________________(wait)forafriendattheairport.21.---I’vegotaheadache.---Nowonder.You________________(work)infrontofthatcomputertoolong.22.Heknowsthiscountryverywell,forhe________________(visit)itseveraltimes.23.I________________(ask)younottomovemybook---nowIcan’tfindit.1.Johnwillcallmeassoonashe______Beijing.A.arrivesB.willreachC.gettoD.arrivesin2.Greatchanges__inChinainthepasttwentyyears.A.havebeentakenplaceB.hadbeentakenplaceC.havetakenplaceD.tookplace3.We______food,sowemustgobackhome.A.haverunoutB.arerunningoutC.arerunningoutofD.havebeenrunoutof4.Thegas________.Let’sgotothegasstationbeforeitisusedup.A.hasrunoutB.isrunningoutC.hasbeenrunoutD.isbeingrunout5.Thebooksweresopopularthatthey_______onthefirstday.A.soldoutB.weresoldoutC.havebeensoldoutD.havesoldout__________________________________________________________________6.—Oh,it’syou,Jay.I____you.----I’vejusthadmyhaircut,andI’mwearingnewglasses.A.didn’trecognizeB.hadn’trecognizedC.haven’trecognized D.don’trecognize7.Themeeting_______fortwohours,buttheystill______anyagreement.

A.hasbeengoingon;haven’treached.B.hasbeengoingon;haven’tbeenreached.C.wasgoingon;haven’treachedD.wasgoingon;haven’tbeenreached8.Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy_____goingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.A.hasbeenconsideringB.hadconsideredC.consideredD.isgoingtoconsider____________________________________________________________________10.―Tomwillbeheretoattendameetingtomorrow.―Oh,I

he

today.A.think,wascomingB.think,iscoming C.thought,wascomingD.thought,iscoming11.--Whatbadluckthatwe______thefootballmatchinthelast3minutes.--Andwe_______hardinthelast3years!A.hadlost;trainedB.werelosing;hadtrainedC.havelost;havetrainedD.lost;havebeentraining12.TheWilliamsmovedtoasaferareaandsincethenthey_______backtotheirpastlife.A.wouldn’twatchB.haven’tlookedC.didn’tlook D.hadn’twatched_________________________________________________________13.Mary_______withhergrandmaforthirteenyears,butnowsheislivingwithhermother.A.lived B.haslivedC.hadlived D.isliving14.Theroom____veryusefulwhenwehadvisitors.A.wasprovedB.hasbeenprovedC.hasprovedD.proved15.----Thewindowisdirty.----Iknow.It______forweeks.A.hasn’tcleanedB.didn’tcleanC.wasn’tcleanedD.hasn’tbeencleaned16.MissWhite,pleasekeepvisitorsoffthemeeting-room.Asecretplan______there.A.ismade B.wasmade C.ismaking D.isbeingmade__________________________________________________17.Youcan’tusethemachinetodaybecausesomeparts

thisweek.A.arereplaced B.arebeingre