CET-完形填空教學課件

CET-完形填空1、紀律是管理關(guān)系的形式?！⒎{西耶夫2、改革如果不講紀律，就難以成功。3、道德行為訓練，不是通過語言影響，而是讓兒童練習良好道德行為，克服懶惰、輕率、不守紀律、頹廢等不良行為。4、學校沒有紀律便如磨房里沒有水?！涿兰~斯5、教導兒童服從真理、服從集體，養(yǎng)成兒童自覺的紀律性，這是兒童道德教育最重要的部分。——陳鶴琴CET-完形填空CET-完形填空1、紀律是管理關(guān)系的形式?！⒎{西耶夫2、改革如果不講紀律，就難以成功。3、道德行為訓練，不是通過語言影響，而是讓兒童練習良好道德行為，克服懶惰、輕率、不守紀律、頹廢等不良行為。4、學校沒有紀律便如磨房里沒有水?！涿兰~斯5、教導兒童服從真理、服從集體，養(yǎng)成兒童自覺的紀律性，這是兒童道德教育最重要的部分。——陳鶴琴CET-完形填空主講教師：李麗(一)題型介紹完形填空（cloze）測試學生各個層面上語言理解能力及語言運用能力。短文長度為220~250詞，內(nèi)容為學生熟悉的題材。完形填空分值比例為10％，考試時間為15分鐘。完形填空部分的短文有20個空，每個空為一題，每題有四個選項，空白處所刪去的詞既有實詞也有虛詞。要求考生選擇一個最佳答案，使短文的意思和結(jié)構(gòu)恢復完整。小結(jié)：四級考試常見形近詞語歸納advice(n.)忠告，建議advise(v.)向……建議，忠告adapt(v.)適應，適合；改編，改寫adopt(v.)采納，通過；收養(yǎng)affect(v.)影響；感動effect(n.)(v.)影響，作用，結(jié)果；效果；產(chǎn)生，招致angel(n.)天使angle(n.)角度；方面；觀點alltogether(短語)一起，一道altogether(adv.)全部地，完全；總共；總之a(chǎn)ssure使放心，使確信；保證，擔保；保險ensure(v.)確保，保證insure(v.)保險，給……保險；保證

clash(v.)碰撞；(n.)碰撞聲crash摔壞；墜毀；失?。?n.)失敗，瓦解；爆炸聲，撞擊聲comprise(v.)包括，包含，構(gòu)成compose(v.)組成，構(gòu)成；創(chuàng)作試比較：TheUnitedStatescomprises50states.Thecommitteecomprisesevenmembers.Ourpartyiscomposedofteachersandstudents.Wateriscomposedofhydrogenandoxygen.compliment(v.)稱贊，恭維；(n.)問好，致意，贊揚complement(v.)補充；(n.)補語consciousness(n.)意識，覺悟，自覺conscience(n.)良心，良知considerable(adj.)相當大(多)的，可觀的；值得考慮的considerate(adj.)考慮周到的，體諒人的contest(n.)比賽，競爭context(n.)上下文，內(nèi)容credible(adj.)可信的creditable(adj.)值得稱贊的，帶來榮耀的descent(n.)下降；下來；出身decent(adj)像，體面的，恰當?shù)膁istract(v.)分神，打擾；擾亂，迷惑contract(v.)收縮；訂約，簽合同subtract(v.)減去，扣除device(n.)手段，辦法；裝置devise(v.)想出，設計出discern(v.)認出，發(fā)現(xiàn)；識別concern(v.)涉及，關(guān)系到；關(guān)心dominant(adj.)支配的，統(tǒng)治的，占優(yōu)勢的dominate(v.)支配，統(tǒng)治控制effective(adj.)有效的，產(chǎn)生效力的；實在的，實際的efficient(adj.)(指人)有能力的，能干的economic(adj.)有關(guān)經(jīng)濟的economical(adj.)節(jié)儉的healthful(adj.)對健康有益的healthy(adj.)健康的hanged(hang的過去式及過去分詞)絞死hung(hang的過去式及ed分詞)懸掛imaginative(adj.)富于想象力的imaginary(adj.)假想的，想象中的，虛構(gòu)的imaginable(adj.)可以想象的intelligent(adj.)聰明的，智慧的，理解力強的intelligible(adj.)可理解的，能懂的intellectual(n.)知識分子；(adj.)智能的，顯示智力的，有智力的intense(adj)強烈的，劇烈的intensive(adj.)仔細的，精細的intimate(a.)親密的，親近的imitate(vt.)模仿，仿造intimidate(vt.)恐嚇，威脅lessen(v.)減少，減輕lesson(n.)功課personal(adj.)個人的，私人的；親自的，本人的；身體的personnel(n.)全體人員，全體職員；人事部門precede(v.)先于，領(lǐng)先于，在……前proceed(v.)進行，繼續(xù)下去；發(fā)生exceed(v.超過，勝過；越出principal(n.)校長；主要人物；(adj.)主要的，基本的principle(n.)原則，原理progressive(adj.)進步的，先進的；前進的successive(adj.)連續(xù)的，接連的respectable(adj.)受人尊敬的respectful(adj.)尊敬別人的respective(adj.)各自的historic（有歷史意義的），historical（關(guān)于歷史的）considerate（關(guān)心別人的），considerable（相當大的，相當多的）sensible（合理的，可感知的），sensitive（敏感的）credible（可信的），credulous（容易輕信的）continual（持續(xù)的，中間有間隔），continuous（持續(xù)的，中間沒有間隔）satisfied（滿意的），satisfactory（令人滿意的）farther（更遠，表示距離），further（更進一步，表示程度）小結(jié)：四級考試常見近義詞語歸納accurate,correct,exactShegaveanaccurateaccountoftheaccident.Hegavecorrectanswerstothequestions.Hisanswerisquiteexact.abandon,desert,forsake,quitsheabandonedherchild.thesoldierdesertedhiscountryandhelpedtheenemy.shepleasedwithherhusbandnottoforsakeher.shequittedherjob.2、慣用搭配題這里說的慣用搭配題，是指由主詞（包括動詞、名詞和形容詞）結(jié)合副詞或者介詞構(gòu)成的短語及慣用法，這是四級完型考試的一個熱點。（2007.12）Inaddition,advertisingcaninfluenceconsumers’moodswhich,in86,arecapableofinfluencingconsumers’reactionstoproducts.a.turnb.totalc.detaild.depth(2007.06)Almostovernight,scoresoftentvillagesbloomedacrosstheregion,tendedbyinternationalaidorganizations,militarypersonnelandaidgroupsworkingdayandnighttoshelterthesurvivorsbeforewinterset71.a.outb.inc.ond.forth介詞搭配不同主詞動詞+介詞（數(shù)量很大，茲略舉數(shù)例如下）Hecouldn'taccountfor(解釋)hislongabsencefromschool.Iagreewith(與...看法一致)youonthatpoint.Shedoesn'tagreeto(同意)myproposal.Hiscommentsamountto(等于)treason.Whenhisfatherdied,Jimcameinto(繼承)afortune.Inthevalleywecameacross(碰到)agroupofMexicans.Itisthejobofthepolicetogetafter

(追捕)criminals.Ifyougoabout

(做)itintherightway,you’llsoongetitfinished.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgofor(爭取)thatjob.Thepolicearelookinginto(調(diào)查)thecase.Theydidn’tlookafter(照顧)thechildrenproperly.Canwerelyon(信賴，依靠)thisoldcartogetusthere?Whenthechild’spleasdidn’twork,heresortedto(訴諸)tears.Ifyouaretoobusy,I’llseeabout(料理)traintickets.Whoisseeingto(料理)thearrangementsforthenextmeeting?Whydoyoutakemefor(把…當作)afool?Beforelonghehadtakento(愛上)agirlstudentinhisclass.形容詞+介詞（最常用與做主語補語）Hewasabsentfromthemeeting.I’mnotyetaccustomedto習慣于

thecold.Don’tbeafraidofdifficulties.Ifeelquiteashamedof恥于…playingsobadly.Iwasastonishedathisbehaviour.Youshouldnotbeblindto對…視而不見，看不懂

thebeautiesofnature.Hewasbusywithhiswork.Hefeltconfident

ofvictory.Heiscontentwithwhathehas.Theyaredependentonmyassistance.Maryisquiteequalto等于，勝任；當

Billinbrains.He’sveryexperiencedinmendingcars.Heremainedfaithfultohisfriend.Heisfamousforhisfineacting.Heisgoodatlanguages.Hisworkisinferiorto不如

hers.Heiskeenonpolitics.Tomisveryproudofhissuccess.I’msickof(厭惡)winter.I’veneverfeltsurerofsuccess.Sheistiredofthisstupidfellow.Yourbookisveytrueto(忠實于)life.IamweakinFrench.Hisworkisworthyofpraise.Theywereterriblyworriedaboutyou.名詞+介詞inviewof由于；鑒于onaccountof由于；基于ontopof在…上邊；在…上方；除…之外；接著undercoverof在…之掩護之下under/onthepretenceof在…之保護之下with/withoutregardof關(guān)于/不關(guān)心withrespectto關(guān)于，（至于）談到withoutprejudiceto無偏見，不違背，不使…受損害incontrastto/with相反的inconsequenceof由于的…緣故indangerof處于…危險之中indefianceof不管…，無視…；不顧inexcessof多于，超出inlinewith跟…一致，符合；本著inplaceof代替inpointof關(guān)于，就…而論inreturnfor作為…的報答inspiteof雖然，盡管…；不顧；別看intermsof根據(jù)；用…的話；就…而言；主詞搭配不同副詞動詞+副詞小品詞(在這一類動詞詞組中副詞不起修飾作用，所以叫做副詞小品詞)Theplaneblewupwhenitwashitbyamissile.TheSino-JapaneseWarbrokeoutin1937.Theboywaswellbroughtup.Wearegoingtobringupsomeimportantproblemstodiscussatthemeeting.Canyoufigureoutawaytodoit?Ican‘tfigureoutwhyhesaidthat.Themeetinghasbeencalledoff.Afterjustafewminutesshesuddenlycameto.Wewillcarryonourconversationtomorrow.Theplanhasbeensatisfactorilycarriedout.Thefirmhadtolayoff100men.theyarequarrellingandmakingupbyturns.wemustdoallwecantomakeuptheeconomiclosses.wecouldhardlymakeoutwhatshemeant.動詞+副詞小品詞+介詞（此組合視為“一個動詞”，不容拆開）Willthisenthusiasmcarryovertothenextweek?Ifinallycaughtontowhatshewastalkingabout.Idon'twanttocomedownwiththefluagain.Mynephewoftencomesoutwiththecleverestremarks.IwillhavetofillinforWallyuntilhegetsback.Putthefoodwherethecatcan'tgetaroundto/at.Howcouldhegetawaywithcheating?Mywifeisalwaysgettingonatmefornotkeepingtheroomclean.I'vegotontoagoodideaforincreasingproduction.Wedon'tgoinforthatkindofthing.Ican'tgothroughwiththeperformance.Iamsonervous.HisEnglishisnotgoodenoughforhimtokeepupwith跟上therestoftheclass.Icould'tputupwith忍受thenoiseanylonger.Thechildrenarelookingforwardto盼望theholiday.Wealllookupto尊敬Roger.Heisauthoritativebutkind.Weshouldnotlookdownon看不起theirhumblefood.Youmustmakeupfor彌補theomission.Iwillownupto承認mymistakes.試比較：動詞+賓語+副詞小品詞+介詞（此組合拆開）Idon'tthinkitisfairthatyoushouldcomehomeafterabaddayatworkandtakeitouton對...發(fā)脾氣meandthechildren.以上三類動詞詞組都是固定搭配，相當于一個及物或不及物動詞，因而又稱為“成語動詞”。要注意，這些動詞詞組與某些非固定搭配是有區(qū)別的：【1】Thelightswentout.【2】Heputonhiscoatandwent

out.其他動詞詞組："動詞+名詞+介詞"=一個及物動詞Shesoonrealizedthatshewasbeingmadefunof.YoushouldmakethemostoftheopportunitytoimproveyourEnglish.Sheindulgedinluxuryandmadeamessofherlife.Iwilltakecareofyourchildrenwhenyouareaway.Theyaretakingfulladvantageofthefavourablesituationtoincreaseexports."動詞+名詞"=一個不及物動詞Thehousehaschangedhandsseveraltimes.Inafewminutesthemedicinewilltakeeffect.Verysoontheseedsgerminatedandtookroot.Hisideashavetakenrootinthemindsofhisfollowers.Whendidtheaccidenttakeplace?3、邏輯銜接題邏輯銜接題是完形填空中最復雜的題型，全面考查考生對文章的理解和把握。邏輯銜接也就是句與句之間或者句子內(nèi)部的邏輯關(guān)系一般題目會要求考生根據(jù)上下文選擇合適的邏輯連接詞。（2006.12）Buthumanlanguagepermitscommunicationaboutanything,71thingslikeunicorn(獨角獸)thathaveneverexisted.a.onlyb.almostc.evend.just每篇文章都有其發(fā)展脈絡，完形填空的文章也不例外，其各段、各句之間都有邏輯上的必然關(guān)聯(lián)。通過把握文章的邏輯關(guān)系，不僅可以準確掌握段與段、句與句之間的關(guān)系，正確解答邏輯銜接類題目，而且可以迅速確定文章的中心和基本結(jié)構(gòu)，從而準確理解上下文語義，提高整體答題速度和質(zhì)量。具體說來，完形填空中涉及的邏輯關(guān)系主要有一下幾種：轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：but,however,though,whereas,nevertheless,yet因果關(guān)系：so,therefore,thus,because,for,since,as,nowthat...,hence,accordingly,consequently,asaresult順序關(guān)系/列舉：before,after,first,second,inaddition,then,next,finally，firstly...sencondly...thirdly/finally,inthefirstplace...inthesecondplace...,foronething...foranotherthing...,tobeginwith...then/furthermore...toconclude/finally...,ononehand...ontheotherhand,tostartwith...next...inaddition...finally,firstandforemost...besides...lastbutnotleast.時間順序：when,while,as,after,before,since,until,assoonas,once讓步關(guān)系：though,although,despite,inspiteof條件關(guān)系：if,unless,once,provided(that)...,oncondition(that)...,suppose,incase,so(as)longas,sofaras解釋關(guān)系：i.e.,thatistosay,inotherwords并列關(guān)系/補充：and,while；also,further,furthermore,likewise,similarly,moreover,inaddition,what'smore,too,either,neither,not...but...,notonly...butalso...(2005.12)Mostpeoplecantoleratethesepressurespretty86,butpassengerswithheartdiseasemayexperiencechestpainsasresultofthereducedamountofoxygenflowingthroughtheirblood.a.harshlyb.reluctantlyc.easilyd.casually4、語法結(jié)構(gòu)題指對倒裝句、從句、虛擬語氣及平行結(jié)構(gòu)等語法關(guān)系的考查，考查形式主要是相關(guān)連接詞的選擇以及從句的判斷。這就要求我們在做題時：第一：認真判斷帶刺在上下文中的指代關(guān)系，注意是指人，還是指物，以及單復數(shù)的問題。其次，認真判斷從句的類型，是名詞性從句，定語從句還是狀語從句。第三，熟悉特殊的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，如強調(diào)句，虛擬語氣的各種形式等。（2005.12）Forstarters,cabinpressuresathighaltitudesaresetatroughly85theywouldbeifyoulivedat5000to8000feetabovesealevel.a.whob.whatc.whichd.that簡單句主語+系動詞+表語主語+不及物動詞+（狀語）主語+及物動詞+賓語+（狀語）主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓語補足語Therebe句型IremembersendingE-mailtoyou.PleaseremembertosentE-mailtome.Iforgotpostingyourletter.Ifrogottopostyourletter.Iregretnothavingacceptedyouradvice.Iregrettosaythatallmyeffortswereinvain.HetriedspeakingEnglishtous.Pleasetrytodobetternexttime.Wesawtheanimalclimbupthetree.Wesawtheanimalclimbingupthetree.Theyweremadetoworkdayandnight.Someonewasheardtocomeupthestairs.主從復合句（從句）賓語從句狀語從句CET2008.12.91、89定語從句CET2008.12.87主語從句CET2008.12.882009.06.90同位語從句表語從句賓語從句Ourteachertaughtusthat(起連接作用)weshoulddoasmuchaspossibletoservethepeople.Heaskedwhether/if(起連接作用)wehadcleanedthecookersafterbreakfast.Iwonderwho(作主語)wonthefirstprizeinthespeechcontest.連接詞還有which、what;when,where,how,why.狀語從句時間狀語：when,whenever,while,after,before,as,once,till,until,assoonas,since,themoment/instant/minute/nosooner…than地點狀語從句：where,wherever條件狀語：if,unless,aslongas,incase原因狀語從句：because,since,as,nowthat方式/比較狀語從句：as…as,so…as,than,themore…themore,as,asif,asthough讓步狀語從句：though,although,evenif,eventhough,whoever,whatever,however,nomatter+what/who/how結(jié)果狀語從句：so…that,such…that,sothat目的狀語從句：sothat,inorderthat定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)別Thefactthattheearthgoesaroundthesunisknowntoall.Thefactthatwearediscussingisveryimprotant.Theideathatshewillmarryyouisridiculous.Theideathatcametohimwasverygood.虛擬語氣Iftherewerenoair,therewouldbenolifeontheearth.Inthatcase,youwouldn’thaveapanonfire.(inthatcase=ifthathappened,如果這樣的話)虛擬語氣的形式：1、現(xiàn)在虛擬式，也叫做be-型虛擬式。形式：(should)+do（1）insist,order,command,suggest,propose,request,advise,desire,demand,ask+賓語從句；MysisteradvisedmethatIshouldaccepttheinvitation.HeaskedthatthemessagebegiventoMr.Liimmediately.Theofficercommandedthathismenreportwhattheyhadseeninthestreet.Fatherdemandedthatweshouldreturnhomeassoonastheschoolisover.HedesiresthatMaryseehimatonce.Iorderedthatthegatebelockedasitwasdark.IproposethatMr.Wangbethechairman.Sherequestedthattheheavyboxbecarriedupstairs.Isuggestthatthesportsmeetbeputoff.Iinsistedthathegoatonce.這類詞匯的記憶技巧(should+do)堅（持）/建議：insist/propose,advise,suggest;決（定）：decide;求（要求/需要/請求）：ask,desire,demand,urge/require/request;命（令）：command,order.（2）Itis(was)+requested,desired等+that從句；Itwasrequestedthattheplayshouldbeputonagain.（3）Itis(was)+requirement,order,plan,command,request,proposal,suggestion+that從句；Itwasrequestthattheplayshouldbeputonagain.（4）上述名詞的同位語從句中Theadvicethatthemercybegiventothemsoundsreasonable.總結(jié)：Itis…that+主語+(should)do句型，表達虛擬語氣，共有：三個名詞及“堅、決、求、命”四類動詞的相應名詞形式：apity,ashame,nowonder;七個形容詞：important,necessary,natural,strange,proper,right,best/better.“堅、決、求、命”四類動詞ItwasourideathatheshouldgotoEnglandforfurtherstudy.Itwassuggestedthatheshouldbegivenaspecialcare.ItisimportantthatweshouldtakehisadviceonhowtolearnEnglish.Itisquitenaturalthatmycominglateagainmakethemveryangry.ItwasnecessarythatIshouldkeepmypromise.CET42010.6.902、非真實條件從句+主句的虛擬式：情景條件從句的謂語動詞主句的謂語動詞與現(xiàn)在事實相反動詞過去式（be要用were）Should/would+do與過去事實相反Had+doneShould/would+havedone與將來事實相反1、動詞過去式2、should+do3、wereto+doShould/would+doCET2009.06.88/2009.12.87主從句表達的時間不一致（錯綜時間條件句）Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbeallrightnow.Ifheweren’tanaughtyboy,hewouldn’thavecausedsomuchtrouble.3、語境隱含的虛擬條件句Or,otherwise,however,without,with,for,wish,hadrather,wouldsooner,wouldrather,butfor,asif等。Hewasverybusyyesterday,otherwise,hewouldhavecometotheparty.Withoutairandwater,therewouldbenolife.Heactedasifhekneweverythingintheworld.Theteacherlovesherasifshewerehisowndaughter.Iwishitweretrue.Iwishyouhadbeenhereyesterday.If引導的虛擬條件句的倒裝形式：虛擬語氣中，從句如果省掉if，要將從句中的助動詞，系動詞或情態(tài)動詞提到句首。形式：were/should/had+主語+…=if+主語+were/should/hadWereIyou,Iwouldgothere.=IfIwereyou,Iwouldgothere.Shoulditraintomorrow,Iwouldn’tgo.=Ifitshouldraintomorrow,Iwouldn’tgo.Ididn’tknowhistelephonenumber.HadIknownit(=ifIhadknownit),Iwouldhaverunghimup.強調(diào)句Itwasintheschoolwherehehadstudiedthathebegantheimportantexperiment.強調(diào)句的類型：強調(diào)句型：Itis/was+被強調(diào)的部分+that（who）+其他成分；謂語動詞的強調(diào)：用助動詞does,do或did強調(diào)謂語；其他強調(diào)方式強調(diào)句型：Itis/was+被強調(diào)的部分+that（who）+其他成分強調(diào)的對象：主語、賓語、地點狀語、時間狀語或狀語從句。IsawBobintheparktheotherday.強調(diào)主語：ItwasIthatsawBobintheparktheotherday.強調(diào)賓語：ItwasBobthatIsawintheparktheotherday.強調(diào)地點狀語：強調(diào)時間狀語：強調(diào)句型：Itis/was+被強調(diào)的部分+that（who）+其他成分Itis+被強調(diào)的部分+that（who）+其他成分(一般現(xiàn)在時，現(xiàn)在進行時，現(xiàn)在完成時，一般將來時等)——現(xiàn)在范疇的時態(tài)Itwas+被強調(diào)的部分+that（who）+其他成分（一般過去時，過去進行時，過去完成時，過去將來時等）——過去范疇的時態(tài)強調(diào)句型：Itis/was+被強調(diào)的部分+that（who）+其他成分ItisMarywhowillgotoBeijingtomorrow.Itwasintheafternoonthatwefinishedthework.含有從句的強調(diào)句變型練習：Whathesaidmadetheteacherveryangry.強調(diào)主語從句：Hecouldn’tunderstandwhattheteachersaidveryclearly.強調(diào)賓語從句：Hewaslatebecausehemissedtheearlybus.強調(diào)狀語從句：not…until…句型的強調(diào)1、句型：itis/was+notuntil+短語或從句+that+其他成分Wedidn’tbegintheexperimentuntiltheolderworkercame.=not…until…句型的強調(diào)倒裝句形式：Robertdidn’tgotobeduntilhefinishedhishomework.=相似句型：Itbe+時間段+since從…已經(jīng)多長時間了。Itistwomonthssinceshewasill.Itbesometime+before從句Itwas+時間段+before從句：過了多久就…Itwillbe+時間段+before從句：要過多久才…,在…之前還有很長一段時間Itwillbealongtimebeforewefinishtheproject.Itwastwohoursbeforehecameback.CET2009.12.89謂語動詞的強調(diào)：Dobringyourtextbooks.Dobecarefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.IdidwritetoyouwhenIwasinBeijing.其他強調(diào)方式：可用onearth,intheworld等詞組強調(diào)疑問詞以加強語氣。Whatonearthareyoudoing?Whatintheworldhappened?Shewillneverintheworldsayno.可以用even,ever,indeed,really等副詞強調(diào)句中的謂語動詞以加強語氣。Ireallydon’tknowwhathashappenedtohim.Thankyouverymuchindeed.倒裝

從形式上劃分：完全倒裝:Thedooropenedandoutrushedthechildren.部分倒裝:Onlyinthiswaycanweworkoutthephysicsproblem.完全倒裝

1、therebe句型Therewerenoschoolsorhospitalsinmyhometownintheolddays.在過去我的家鄉(xiāng)沒有學校和醫(yī)院。Isthereatelephoneinyourhouse?你家里有電話嗎？“therebe…”的倒裝句根據(jù)表達的需要還可以用表示處所，位置關(guān)系的動詞，如therelive(stand,lie,seemtobe,exist,happentobe…)Therelivedanoldpeasantinthathouse.有一位老農(nóng)住在那棟房子里。Thereseemstobesomemisunderstandingaboutthematter.這個問題上似乎有些誤會。完全倒裝2、置于句首副詞：here,there,now,then,in,out,up,down,away,off,此類句子通常的謂語動詞:be,go,come,follow,rush,fly,fall等表示運動的不及物動詞，通常時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時的肯定形式。Incametheboy.那個男孩進來了。Awayflewthebird.那只鳥飛走了。Nowcomesmyturntoanswerthequestion.現(xiàn)在輪到我回答問題了。Inhecameandthelessonbegan.他進來了，開始上課。（此句型主語必須為名詞，主語為代詞時，句子不倒裝。）完全倒裝3、表語、狀語提前為了保持句子平衡，或為強調(diào)表語或狀語，或使上下文緊密銜接時，把表語或狀語提前，用完全倒裝語序。形容詞+連系動詞+主語PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhite,ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.出席會議的有懷特教授，史密斯教授和許多其他客人。過去分詞+連系動詞+主語Gonearethedayswhentheycoulddowhattheylikedtothechinesepeople.他們能夠?qū)χ袊嗣駷樗麨榈娜兆右蝗ゲ粡头盗?。表地點的介詞短語+be+主語（名詞）Inthedistancestandsahighbuilding.遠處矗立著一棟高樓。Totheeastofthetwohillsliesacity.這兩座山的東邊坐落著一座城市。AmongthegoodsareChristmastrees,flowers,candles,turkeysandtoys.貨品中有圣誕樹、花卉、蠟燭、火雞和玩具?，F(xiàn)在分詞+be+主語Coveringmuchoftheearth’sfaceisablanketofwater.地球表面許多地方都布滿了水。完全倒裝4、直接引語的一部分或全部放在句首“Doyouhaveanyquestions?”Askedtheteacher.““Idon’tagreewithyou”,saidTom.當主語是代詞或謂語含有助動詞時，一般不倒裝。另外，如果謂語比主語長，或是它后面有賓語時，一般也不倒裝。“Pleasedomeafavor,”hesaid.他說請幫我個忙。（主語是代詞不倒裝）“heisaliar,youcan’ttrusthim,”tomsaidtomeinawhisper.他愛說謊，你別相信他。湯姆小聲告訴我。（謂語比主語長，且謂語后面有賓語，不倒裝）“Iamtired,”shehadsaid.

她說我累了(有助動詞had，所以不倒裝)不完全倒裝（部分倒裝）1、用于疑問句中AreyoufromBeijing?你是北京人嗎？Whatdoyouwant?你想要什么?Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?不完全倒裝（部分倒裝）2、否定意義的副詞或連詞位于句首，否定詞+助動詞（be動詞）+主語常見放在句首的否定詞bynomeans絕不never決不innocasenosooner…than…一…就innowayhardly…when…atnotimescarcely…whenonnoconsiderationnot不，沒有undernocircumstancesnotabit一點也不innocircumstancesnotonly…butalso不但…而且hardly幾乎不幾乎沒有not…until直到…才scarcelybarelynowhere沒有地方little幾乎沒有，一點也不rarely很少notonce一次也不seldomCET2010.6.88不完全倒裝（部分倒裝）否定副詞及介詞短語+助動詞/be動詞+主語Hardlycanyouunderstandthetext.你幾乎不懂這篇課文。AtnotimewillChinabethefirsttousenuclearweapons.在任何時候中國都不會最先使用核武器。不完全倒裝（部分倒裝）Notuntil+時間短語或從句+助動詞/be動詞+主語（主句倒裝）Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriverdidthevillagersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.直到河里的魚都死了，村民們才意識到污染有多嚴重。NotuntilhecamebackdidIleave.直到他回來了，我才離開。不完全倒裝（部分倒裝）Nosooner+had+主語+過去分詞That+從句（一般過去時）HardlyWhen/beforescarcelyNosoonerhadtheyreachedhomethanitrained.HardlyhadIreachedthebusstopwhenthebusstarted.Scarcelyhad