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INDUSTRIES
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MARKETSElectricityinKenyaCHAPTER
01AccessAccesstotheelectricgridinAfricain2019/2021,bycountryAccesstotheelectricgridinAfrica2019-2021,bycountryShareofrespondents0%20%40%60%80%100%120%TunisiaMoroccoMauritiusEswatini100%100%98%97%96%96%94%SouthAfricaCaboVerdeBotswanaGhana91%91%GabonCameroonSenegal83%81%80%78%KenyaC?ted'Ivoire3Description:Onaverage,nearly70percentofthepopulationinAfricalivedinenumerationareaswithaccesstoanelectricgrid.However,theaccessibilityvariedgreatlyamongcountries.InMoroccoandTunisia,allenumerationareaswereservedbyagrid.Additionally,thesharesurpassed90percentinMauritius,Eswatini,SouthAfrica,CaboVerde,Botswana,Ghana,andGabon.Ontheotherhand,BurkinaFasoandEthiopiarecordedthelowestaccessrates,eachbyroughly30percent.ReadmoreNote(s):Africa;July2019andApril2020;October2020andJuly2021*;48,084interviews;34countriesSource(s):AfrobarometerShareofthepopulationwithaccesstoelectricityinSub-SaharanAfricafrom2010to2020ShareofpopulationwithelectricityinSub-SaharanAfrica2010-202060%48.35%50%40%30%20%10%0%47.1%46.37%43.75%43.73%39.07%38.29%37.95%36.82%35.88%33.3%201020112012201320142015201620172018201920204Description:Around48percentofSub-SaharanAfrica'spopulationhadaccesstoelectricityin2020.Althoughthisstillrepresentslessthanhalfofthetotalpopulation,theshareofpeopleconnectedtoelectricenergyhasoverallimprovedintheregion.Forinstance,in2010,aroundone-thirdoftheinhabitantshadaccesstoelectricity.ReadmoreNote(s):Africa;2010to2020Source(s):WorldBankShareofthepopulationwithaccesstoelectricityinSub-SaharanAfricafrom2010to2020,byareaofresidenceShareofurbanandruralpopulationwithelectricityinSub-SaharanAfrica2010-2020UrbanRural90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%78.29%75.89%74.96%73.83%73.32%72.34%72.44%72.6%72.48%72.31%68.39%29.2%201928.69%27.12%25.56%201624.87%201720.54%201319.57%201219.58%201418.73%201118.65%201516.95%2010201820205Description:Nearly80percentoftheurbanpopulationinSub-SaharanAfricahadaccesstoelectricityin2020.Ontheotherhand,onlyroughlyone-thirdofinhabitantsfromruralareaswereconnectedtoelectricenergythatyear.Accesstoelectricityinbothareasofresidencehasslowlyimprovedsince2010.Overall,electricenergywasaccessibletolessthanhalfofthetotalpopulationinSub-SaharanAfrica.ReadmoreNote(s):Africa;2010to2020Source(s):WorldBankShareofthepopulationwithaccesstoelectricityinKenyafrom2014to2020PopulationwithaccesstoelectricityinKenya2014-202080%71.4%69.7%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%61.4%56.1%53.1%41.6%36%20142015201620172018201920206Description:In2020,around70percentofthepopulationinKenyahadaccesstoelectricity.Thisrepresentedastronggainincomparisontopreviousyears.Forinstance,in2014,abouttwo-thirdsofthecountry'spopulationlackedaccesstoelectricenergy.Overall,electrificationinKenyahasimprovedsincethen.ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;2014to2020Source(s):WorldBankShareoftheurbanpopulationwithaccesstoelectricityinKenyafrom2014to2020UrbanpopulationwithaccesstoelectricityinKenya2014-2020100%94%90.8%87.6%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%84.3%84.1%78.1%68.4%20142015201620172018201920207Description:Roughly94percentoftheurbanpopulationinKenyahadaccesstoelectricityin2020.Thisrepresentedthehighestlevelsince2014.Thatyear,thesharestoodby68percent.Overthetimespan,accessibilitytoelectricenergyincreasedannuallyinthecountry.MeasuredagainstthewholepopulationinKenyawithaccesstoelectricity,urbanresidentsweremoreconnectedtoelectricalservices.ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;2014to2020Source(s):WorldBankCountrieswiththemostreliablesupplyofelectricityinAfricain2019/2021CountrieswiththemostreliablesupplyofelectricityinAfrica2019-2021Shareofrespondents0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%MauritiusMoroccoTunisia98%95%87%Gabon81%81%CaboVerdeSouthAfricaGhana72%71%EswatiniBotswanaTogo59%56%56%56%SenegalC?ted'IvoireNamibia53%52%8Description:NearlyallpeoplewithanelectricconnectioninMauritiusandMoroccoin2019/2021reportedthattheelectricitysupplyworkedmostorallthetime.ThecountriesrecordedthehighestreliabilityratesinAfrica,consideringthe34nationssurveyed.Onaverage,43percentofrespondentsonthecontinenthadareliablesupplyofelectricity.ReadmoreNote(s):Africa;July2019andApril2020;October2020andJuly2021*;34countriesSource(s):AfrobarometerShareofindividualswithareliablesupplyofelectricityinKenyain2019ReliabilityoftheelectricitysupplyinKenya2019Connected,supplyworksmostorallofthetime43%Noeletricgridornoconnection51%Connected,supplyworksabouthalfthetime6%9Description:Around40percentofthepopulationsurveyedinKenyain2019reportedbeingconnectedtoanelectricitysupplythatworkedmostorallofthetime.Forasixpercentshare,theelectricalconnectionworkedabouthalfthetime,occasionallyornever.Other50percentoftheindividualsdidnothaveaconnectiontotheelectricgrid.ReadmoreNote(s):Africa;AugusttoSeptember2019Source(s):AfrobarometerCHAPTER
02InstalledcapacityTotalinstalledcapacityofelectricitygenerationinKenyafrom2017to2021(inmegawatts)InstalledcapacityofelectricitygenerationinKenya2017-20213,5002,989.63,0002,5002,0001,5001,0005002,836.72,818.92,711.72,339.9020172018201920202021*11Description:Asof2021,Kenyaregisteredatotalinstalledcapacitytogenerateroughly3,000megawattsofelectricity.Itwasthehighesttotalinstalledcapacityregisteredinthecountrysince2017.Geothermalpowermadethelargestcontributiontothetotalcapacity,followedbyhydroandthermalpowersources.
ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;2017to2021;*Provisional.
ReadmoreSource(s):KenyaNationalBureauofStatistics;KPLCInstalledcapacityofelectricitygenerationfromgeothermalenergyinKenyafrom2017to2021(inmegawatts)GeothermalpowerelectricityinstalledcapacityinKenya2017-20211,0009008007006005004003002001000863.1863.1828.466365220172018201920202021*12Description:Asof2021,Kenyaregisteredaninstalledcapacitytogenerate863megawattsofelectricityfromgeothermalenergy.Thecapacitykeptstablecomparedtothepreviousyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;2017to2021;*Provisional.
ReadmoreSource(s):KenyaNationalBureauofStatistics;KPLCInstalledcapacityofelectricitygenerationfromthermalenergyinKenyafrom2017to2021(inmegawatts)ThermalpowerelectricityinstalledcapacityinKenya2017-2021900806.9807.78007006005004003002001000749.3749.1677.820172018201920202021*13Description:Asof2021,Kenyaregisteredaninstalledcapacitytogenerate678megawattsofelectricityfromthermalenergy.Theamountdecreasedfrom749megawattsinthepreviousyear.Duringtheperiodinreview,installedcapacityfromthermalsourcesfluctuated,peakingat808megawattsin2018.ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;2017to2021;*Provisional.
ReadmoreSource(s):KenyaNationalBureauofStatistics;KPLCInstalledcapacityofelectricitygenerationfromhydropowerinKenyafrom2017to2021(inmegawatts)HydropowerelectricityinstalledcapacityinKenya2017-2021900834838.1826.2826.2826.2800700600500400300200100020172018201920202021*14Description:Asof2021,Kenyaregisteredaninstalledcapacitytogenerate838megawattsofelectricityfromhydropower.Thecapacityslightlyincreasedfromthepreviousyear,afterkeepingconstantbetween2017and2019.ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;2017to2021;*Provisional.
ReadmoreSource(s):KenyaNationalBureauofStatistics;KPLCInstalledcapacityofwindpowerforelectricitygenerationinKenyafrom2017to2021(inmegawatts)InstalledcapacityofwindpowerinKenya2017-2021500436.145040035030025020015010050336.1336.1336.126.1020172018201920202021*15Description:Asof2021,theinstalledcapacityforwindpowergenerationinKenyaamountedto436megawatts.Thecountryhasinvestedinwindenergy,inaugurating2019theLakeTurkanaWindPlant,whichisconsideredAfrica`slargestwindpowerproject.In2017,Kenyahadaninstalledwindenergycapacityofonly26megawatts.ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;2017to2021;*Provisional.Thesourcedefinesinstalledcapacityasthe"maximumamountofelectricitythatcanbegeneratedifagivenpowerplantoperatesatonehundredpercentefficiency."ReadmoreSource(s):KenyaNationalBureauofStatistics;KPLCCHAPTER
03GenerationAnnualelectricitygenerationinKenyafrom2017to2021(ingigawatthours)AnnualelectricitygenerationinKenya2017-202114,00012,12712,00010,0008,0006,0004,0002,000011,40911,46711,05210,1302017201820192020202117Description:ElectricitygenerationinKenyareachedsome12,127gigawatthoursin2021,thehighestlevelintheperiodobserved.Theproductionofelectricpowerinthecountryhasbeenfollowinganupwardtrend.In2017,some10,130gigawatthourswereharvestedinKenya.
ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;2017to2021;*Provisional.
ReadmoreSource(s):KenyaNationalBureauofStatistics;KPLCMonthlyelectricitygenerationinKenyafromSeptember2020toJanuary2022(inmillionkilowatthours)ElectricitygenerationinKenya2020-20221,0601,0401,0201,000980960940920900Sep2020Oct2020
Nov
Dec2020Jan
2021
Feb2021
Mar
Apr2021
May
Jun2021
Jul2021
Aug
Sep2021Oct2021
Nov
Dec2021Jan
20222020202120212021202118Description:Kenyagenerated1,026millionkilowatt-hoursofelectricityasofJanuary2022,slightlyhigherthanthepreviousmonth.Thetotalelectricitygeneratedinthecountryfluctuatedduringtheperiodinreview,peakingat1,043millionkilowatt-hoursinAugust2021.
ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;September2020toJanuary2022Source(s):CentralBankofKenya;KenyaNationalBureauofStatisticsElectricitygenerationinKenyaasofJanuary2022,bytype(inmillionkilowatthours)ElectricitygenerationinKenya2022,bytypeElectricitygenerationinmillionkilowatthours400
60002008001,0001,200HydroGeothermalThermalWind320311206156Solar32Total1,02619Description:HydropowerandgeothermalenergywerethemainsourceofelectricityproductioninKenyaasofJanuary2022.Thecountryharvested320millionand311millionkilowatthoursfromeachsourcethatmonth.Overall,electricitygenerationinKenyaamountedto1,026millionkilowatthoursinthesameperiod.ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;January2022Source(s):CentralBankofKenya;KenyaNationalBureauofStatisticsElectricitygenerationfromfossilfuelsinKenyafrom2000to2021(interawatthours)ElectricitygenerationfromoilandpetroleumproductsinKenya2000-20213.53.02.52.01.51.00.50.02.862.452.362.242.252.072.041.891.91.861.711.591.531.471.421.361.371.311.261.131.010.912000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
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2007
2008
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2011
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2013
2014
2015
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2017
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2019
2020
202120Description:Kenyagenerated1.4terawatthoursofelectricityfromfossilfuels,includingoil,petroleumproducts,manufacturedgases,andwaste,in2021.Theamountincreasedfrom0.9terawatthoursinthepreviousyear.Duringtheperiodobserved,theelectricityoutputfromfossilenergyoscillatedandpeakedat2.9terawatthoursin2009.ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;2000to2021;includingmanufacturedgasesandwasteSource(s):EIA;EmberElectricitygenerationfromrenewableenergysourcesinKenyafrom2000to2020(interawatthours)ElectricitygenerationfromrenewablesinKenya2000-20201210864202000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
202021Description:ElectricitygenerationfromrenewableenergysourcesinKenyaslightlyincreasedto9.9terawatthoursin2020,approximatelythesamelevelreachedin2018.Thatyear,renewable-generatedelectricityachievedapeakof10terawatthours.RenewableelectricitygenerationinKenyahasbeenincreasingoverallsince2000,whentheoutputregisteredwas2.1terawatthours.ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;2000to2020Source(s):EIAElectricitygenerationfromrenewablesinKenyaasof2020,byenergysource(interawatthours)ElectricitygenerationfromrenewablesinKenya2020,byenergysource65543.5321.210.10.10HydroelectricityGeothermalSolarWindBiomassandwaste22Description:ElectricitygenerationfromrenewableenergysourcesinKenyareachednearly10terawatthoursin2020.Ofthese,fiveterawatthourswereharvestedfromgeothermalenergy.Hydropowergeneratedanoutputof3.5terawatthours,while1.2terawatthoursofelectricityoriginatedfromwindpower.
ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;2000to2020Source(s):EIAShareofrenewablesinelectricitygenerationinKenyafrom2000to2021ShareofrenewablesinelectricitygenerationinKenya2000-2021100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
202123Description:Renewableenergysourcesaccountedfornearly90percentoftheelectricitygenerationinKenyaasof2021.From2001onwards,renewableshavebeenthemainsourceofelectricalenergyproductioninthecountry.Inabsoluteterms,renewable-generatedelectricityinKenyareachedroughly10terawatthoursin2020.ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;2000to2021;wind,solar,hydro,bioenergyandotherrenewablesSource(s):EIA;EmberCHAPTER
04ConsumptionElectricitydomesticdemandinKenyafrom2017to2021(ingigawatthours)ElectricitydomesticdemandinKenya2017-202112,0009,565.410,0008,0006,0004,0002,00008,8548,796.48,702.38,410.120172018201920202021*25Description:ElectricitydomesticdemandinKenyaamountedto9,565gigawatthoursin2021,increasingfrom8,796gigawatthoursinthepreviousyear.Overall,thecountry'selectricitydemandhasgenerallygrownduringtheperiodinreview,withafewoscillations.ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;2017to2021;*Provisional.
ReadmoreSource(s):KenyaNationalBureauofStatistics;KPLCElectricityconsumptioninKenyafrom2010to2019,bysector(interajoules)ElectricalpowerconsumptioninKenya2010-2019,bysectorCommercialandpublicservicesResidentialIndustry35,00030,00025,00020,00015,00010,0005,0000201020112012201320142015201620172018201926Description:ElectricityconsumptionbytheindustrialsectorinKenyareachedaround17thousandterajoulesin2019.Ontheotherhand,residentialconsumersdemandednearly11thousandterajoulesinthesameyear,whilecommercialandpublicservicesconsumed4.9thousandterajoules.Ingeneral,electricityconsumptioninthethreesectorsincreasedduringtheperiodunderanalysis.ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;2010to2019Source(s):IEAElectricitysalesinKenyafrom2010to2020(inmillionkilowatthours)ElectricitysalesinKenya2010-202010,0008,8548,7968,7029,0008,0007,0006,0005,0004,0003,0002,0001,00008,4108,0537,8267,7006,9286,4146,2745,75520102011201220132014201520162017201820192020*27Description:ElectricitysalesinKenyaincreasedto8,796millionkilowatthoursin2020,upfrom8,854millionkilowatthoursinthepreviousyear.Thesalesvolumehasbeenkeepinganupwardtrendsince2011.Overall,Kenyacountedmorethan7.5millioncustomersconnectedtoelectricityin2020.
ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;2010to2020;*Provisional.Figureshavebeenrounded.ReadmoreSource(s):KenyaNationalBureauofStatistics;KPLCElectricitysalesinKenyaasof2020,bytypeofuser(inmillionkilowatthours)ElectricitysalesinKenya2020,bytypeofuserElectricitysalesinmillionkilowatthours05001,0001,5002,0002,5003,0003,5004,0004,500LargecommercialandindustrialDomestic4,2812,580SmallcommercialRuralelectrificationStreetlightning1,24961274.528Description:ElectricitysalesinKenyaincreasedto8,796millionkilowatthoursin2020.Largestcommercialandindustrialcustomerspurchasedthebiggestamount(4,441millionkilowatthours).Domesticcustomersfollowed,acquiring2,580millionkilowatthoursinthementionedyear.Overall,Kenyacountedmorethan7.5millioncustomersconnectedtoelectricityasof2020.ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;2020Source(s):KenyaNationalBureauofStatistics;KPLCTotalnumberofcustomersconnectedtoelectricityinKenyafrom2010to2020(inmillions)NumberofcustomersconnectedtoelectricityinKenya2010-20208.57.587.56.55.54.53.52.51.50.57.076.766.184.893.612.772.332.041.751.4620102011201220132014201520162017201820192020*29Description:Kenyahadover7.5millioncustomersconnectedtoelectricityasofJune30,2020.Theamountincreasedfromsome7.05millionin2019.Overall,thenumberofcustomerswithelectricconnectionshasbeengrowinginthecountry,beingthemajorityconstitutedofdomesticcustomers.
ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;2010to2020;*Provisional.DataasofJune30.Figureswererounded.ReadmoreSource(s):KenyaNationalBureauofStatistics;KPLCDistributionofcustomersconnectedtoelectricityinKenyaasof2020,bytype(in1,000s)NumberofcustomersconnectedtoelectricityinKenya2020,bytypeNumberofcustomersinthousands2,000
3,000
4,00001,0005,0006,0007,0008,000DomesticRuralelectrificationSmallcommercial5,775.81,502.9278Streetlighting
15.8Largecommercialandindustrial
3.6Total7,576.130Description:Kenyahadover7.5millioncustomersconnectedtoelectricityasofJune30,2020.Themajorityweredomesticcustomers,whichconstitutedabaseofsome5.8millionclients.Smallcommercialcustomerswereover277thousandinthesameperiodR.
eadmoreNote(s):Kenya;June30,2020Source(s):KenyaNationalBureauofStatistics;KPLCCHAPTER
05PricesConsumerpriceindex(CPI)forhousing,water,electricity,gasandotherfuelsinKenyafromFebruary2019toJanuary2021CPIforhousing,water,electricity,gasandotherfuelsinKenya2019-2021106.0105.0104.0103.0102.0101.0100.099.0Feb
Mar
Apr
May
JunJulAug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
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Feb
Mar
Apr
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JunJulAug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan2019
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202132Description:InJanuary2021,theConsumerPriceIndex(CPI)forhousing,water,electricity,gasandotherfuelsinKenyaamountedto15.4points.Theindicatormeasurespricechangesovertime.CPIforhousing,water,electricity,gasandotherfuelshasoverallincreasedsincethebasemonthFebruary2019.
ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;February2019toJanuary2021Source(s):KenyaNationalBureauofStatisticsAnnualaverageretailpriceforelectricityinKenyafrom2017to2021(inKenyanshillings)AverageretailpriceforelectricityinKenya2017-20215,1004,941.14,9004,6474,7004,5004,3004,1003,9003,7003,5004,561.84,269.523,727.7120172018201920202021*33Description:Asof2021,domesticconsumerspaidroughly4,941Kenyanshillingsfor200kilowatthoursofelectricityinKenya.Thiscorrespondedtoapproximately42U.S.dollars.Thepriceincreasedbyapproximatelyeightpercentincomparisontothepreviousyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Kenya;2017to2021;priceforconsumerswhouseatleast200kWh;*Provisional.Currencyconversionrateon18/07/2022.ReadmoreS
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