分詞作狀語課件

Module4Unit1Module4Unit11分詞作狀語1.分詞作狀語實(shí)際把狀語從句簡(jiǎn)化.簡(jiǎn)化的條件：其邏輯主語一定要與主句的主語保持一致.

Whilehewasreadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.

----Readingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.

Becausehewasshy,hedidn’tcometotheparty.

----Beingshy,hedidn’tcometotheparty.

AsthebookiswritteninsimpleEnglish,thebookiseasytoread.

----WritteninsimpleEnglish,thebookiseasytoread.

分詞作狀語1.分詞作狀語實(shí)際把狀語從句簡(jiǎn)化.簡(jiǎn)化的條件：22.分詞作狀語時(shí)可分為以下幾種形式：

*doing：用來表示主動(dòng),且前后動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行.

Returninghomelater,myfriendlearnedthatthepolicehadbeentotheflat.

*havingdone:用來表示主動(dòng),且動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句之前.

Havingseenthefilmbefore,Idecidednottoseeitagain.

*beingdone:用來表示被動(dòng),且前后動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行.

Beingquestionedbythepolice,hefeltfrightened.

*done:用來表示被動(dòng)且完成

Destroyedinthestorm,thehousewillberebuilt.2.分詞作狀語時(shí)可分為以下幾種形式：

*doing：3*havingbeendone:用來表示被動(dòng),而且強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作持續(xù)一段時(shí)間或次數(shù).

Havingbeendefeatedthreetimes,hehadtogiveup.

*否定形式：not/never+分詞結(jié)構(gòu)

Notstudyinghard,hedidn’tpassthetest.

Neverhavingtakenaplanebefore,hewasnervous.*havingbeendone:用來表示被動(dòng),而且強(qiáng)43.分詞作狀語如果前后主語一致可簡(jiǎn)化時(shí)間、條件、原因、結(jié)果和伴隨等狀語從句.

(條件)

Ifyouworkharder,youwilldobetterintheexamnexttime.

----Workinghard,youwilldobetterintheexamnexttime.

（時(shí)間）

AfterIdidmyhomework,Iwentbackhome.

----Havingdonemyhomework,Iwentbackhome.

(伴隨）

Hehurriedtothestationandhopedtocatchthelasttrain.

----Hehurriedtothestation,hopingtocatchthelasttrain..(原因)

Becausemyfriendwasfrightenedoflosinghisjob,hesaidnothingtothepolice.

----Frightenedoflosinghisjob,myfriendsaidnothingtothepolice.

3.分詞作狀語如果前后主語一致可簡(jiǎn)化時(shí)間、條件、原因、結(jié)果5(結(jié)果)

HisparentswerekilledintheSARSepidemicandlefthimanorphan.

----HisparentswerekilledintheSARSepidemic,leavinghimanorphan.

注意：分詞不做目的狀語,只有動(dòng)詞不定式可以.

Togethighmarksinthemid-exam,hecheated.

Tobelistedonthetopof500largestenterprisesintheworld,acompanyshouldmeetthefollowingrequirements.

Nottoforgetthekeypoints,hewrotethemdown.(結(jié)果)

Hisparentswerekilled64.注意過去分詞作狀語的用法:一般認(rèn)為,無論在從句中的動(dòng)詞是被動(dòng)語態(tài)還是過去分詞作形容詞,都直接用過去分詞.

Asheisbornandbroughtupinabigcity,heknowsnothingaboutfarming.

--Bornandbroughtupinabigcity,heknowsnothingaboutfarming.

Ashewasfilledwithconfidence,heleftagoodimpressionontheinterviewers.

--Filledwithconfidence,heleftagoodimpressionon…

Heiswalkingalongthestreetandasorry-lookingdogisfollowinghim.

---Heiswalkingalongthestreet,followedbyasorry-lookingdog.

Ifweseetheearthfromthemoon,itlookslikeawaterball.

----Seenfromthemoon,theearthlookslikeawaterball.

4.注意過去分詞作狀語的用法:一般認(rèn)為,無論在從句中的75.為了便于理解,有些連詞可仍然放在分詞短語的前面.1.Whilegoingtoschool,Imetmyformerclassmate.

2.Onceseen,itwon’tbeforgotten.

3.Thoughtired,heisstillinhighspirits.

4.Ifheated,themetalexpands.

6.Ifplayingallday,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.

7.Hestoodthereasifrememberingsomething.

8.Iwon’tgothereunlessinvited.

9.Iwon’tspeaktoMissZhanguntilspokentofirst.

10.WhenaskedifIhadknockedthepottotheground,Idenied.

5.為了便于理解,有些連詞可仍然放在分詞短語的前面.186.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：有時(shí)狀語從句與主句之間的主語不一致,而且也無法調(diào)整,那么除了用狀語從句之外,也可用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),即保

留從句的主語,省略連詞,用分詞作非謂語.

Afterthejobwasdone,theywentbackhome.

--Thejobdone,theywentbackhome.

Astherewasnothingtodo,wesattheretalking.

--Therebeingnothingtodo,wesattheretalking.

Iftimepermits,wewillvisitanotherplace.

--Timepermitting,wewillvisitanotherplace.

Astheproblemwassettled,themeetingwasover.

--Theproblemsettled,themeetingwasover.6.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：有時(shí)狀語從句與主句之間的主語不一致,而且9部分倒裝1）句首為否定或半否定的詞語，如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,notuntil…等。

NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.

Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.

當(dāng)Notuntil引出主從復(fù)合句，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。注意：如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。比如：Ihaveneverseensuchaperformance.

Themotherdidn'tleavetheroomuntilthechildfellasleep.部分倒裝1）句首為否定或半否定的詞語，如no,not,102）否定詞開頭作部分倒裝

如Notonly…butalso,Hardly/Scarcely…when,Nosooner…than等，要倒裝。例如：

Notonlydidherefusethegift,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.

Hardlyhadshegoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.

Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthanastudentcametovisither.2）否定詞開頭作部分倒裝

如Notonly…buta113）so,neither,nor作部分倒裝

用這些詞表示"也"、"也不"的句子要部分倒裝。例如：

TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.

Ifyouwon'tgo,neitherwillI.3）so,neither,nor作部分倒裝

用這124）only+副詞/介詞/狀語從句位于句首，要部分倒裝

Onlyinthisway,canyoulearnEnglishwell.

Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.

如果句子為主從復(fù)合句，則主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。

Onlywhenheisseriouslyilldoesheeverstayinbed.4）only+副詞/介詞/狀語從句位于句首，要部分倒裝

135）as,though引導(dǎo)的倒裝句

as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須將表語或狀語提前（形容詞,副詞,分詞,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前）。但需注意：

1）句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。

2）句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,其他助動(dòng)詞放在主語后。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語和狀語，隨實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起放在主語之前。例如：

Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.

注意：讓步狀語從句中，有though，although時(shí)，后面的主句不能有but，但是though和yet可連用。5）as,though引導(dǎo)的倒裝句

as/th146)其他部分倒裝

1））so…that句型中的so位于句首時(shí)，需倒裝。例如：

Sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.

2））在某些表示祝愿的句型中。例如：

Mayyouallbehappy.愿你們都快樂。

3））在虛擬語氣條件句中從句謂語動(dòng)詞有were,had,should等詞，可將if省略，把were,had