程序員必備的常用英語詞匯

AD0(ActiveXDataObject)ActiveXAD0(ActiveXDataObject)ActiveX數(shù)據(jù)對象程序員必備的常用英語詞匯對于時刻需要和國際接軌的碼農(nóng)們，英語的重要性是毋庸置疑的。尤其是那些胸懷大志的潛在大牛們，想在碼農(nóng)行業(yè)闖出一片天地，秒殺身邊的小弟們，熟練掌握英語更是實現(xiàn)其目標最關(guān)鍵的因素之一。否則，試想在你捧著某出版社剛剛翻譯出來的《JSP高效編程》苦苦學(xué)習(xí)JSP模板的時候，你旁邊的小弟卻是拿著原版的《AngularJSinAction》學(xué)習(xí)開發(fā)單頁面應(yīng)用，雖然你們都同樣認真地學(xué)習(xí)了一個月，可做出來東西的效果能一樣嗎？所以，英語好才能學(xué)到最新最炫的技術(shù)，否則只能拿著國內(nèi)出的翻譯版學(xué)習(xí)兩三年前的老古董還把它當個寶。學(xué)英語首先要有詞匯：A(46)：abstract抽象的abstractbaseclass(ABC)抽象基類abstractclass扌由象類abstraction抽象、抽象物、抽象性access存取、訪問accessfunction訪問函數(shù)accesslevel訪問級別account賬戶action動作activate激活active活動的actualparameter實參adapter適配器add-in插件address地址addressspace地址空間advanced高級的aggregation聚合、聚集algorithm算法alias別名align排列、對齊allocate分配、配置allocator分配器、配置器anglebracket尖括號annotation注解、評注API(ApplicationProgrammingInterface)應(yīng)用(程序)編程接口appearance夕卜觀append附加application應(yīng)用、應(yīng)用程序applicationframework應(yīng)用程序框架ApproximateStringMatching模糊匹配architecture架構(gòu)、體系結(jié)構(gòu)archivefile歸檔文件、存檔文件argument參數(shù)。array數(shù)組arrowoperator箭頭操作符assert(ion)斷言assign賦值assignment賦值、分配assignmentoperator賦值操作符associated相關(guān)的、相關(guān)聯(lián)的asynchronous異步的attribute特性、屬性authenticationservice驗證服務(wù)authorization授權(quán)B(34)：background背景、后臺(進程)backup備份backupdevice備份設(shè)備backupfile備份文件backwardcompatible向后兼容、向下兼容baseclass基類basetype基類型batch批處理BCL(baseclasslibrary)基類庫BinPacking裝箱問題binary二進制binding綁定bit位bitmap位圖block塊、區(qū)塊、語句塊boolean布林值(真假值，true或false)border邊框boundschecking邊界檢查boxing裝箱、裝箱轉(zhuǎn)換brace(curlybrace)大括號、花括號bracket(squarebrakcet)中括號、方括號breakpoint斷點browserapplications瀏覽器應(yīng)用(程序)browser-accessibleapplication可經(jīng)由瀏覽器訪問的應(yīng)用程序bug缺陷錯誤build編連(專指編譯和連接)built-in內(nèi)建、內(nèi)置bus總線business業(yè)務(wù)、商務(wù)(看場合)businessLogic業(yè)務(wù)邏輯businessrules業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)則buttons按鈕by/through通過byte位元組(由8bits組成)C(91)：cache高速緩存calendar日歷CalendricalCalculations日期call調(diào)用calloperator調(diào)用操作符callback回調(diào)candidatekey候選鍵(fordatabase)cascading級聯(lián)刪除(fordatabase)cascading級聯(lián)更新(fordatabase)casting轉(zhuǎn)型、造型轉(zhuǎn)換catalog目錄chain鏈(functioncalls)character字符characterformat字符格式characterset字符集client-serverclient-server客戶機/服務(wù)器、客戶端/服務(wù)器checkbox復(fù)選框checkbutton復(fù)選按鈕CHECKconstraintsCHECK約束(fordatabase)checkpoint檢查點(fordatabase)childclass子類CIL(commonintermediatelanguage)通用中間語言、通用中介語言class類classdeclaration類聲明classdefinition類定義classderivationlist類繼承列表classfactory類廠classhierarchy類層次結(jié)構(gòu)classlibrary類庫classloader類裝載器classtemplate類模板classtemplatepartialspecializations類模板部分特化classtemplatespecializations類模板特化classification分類clause子句cleanup清理、清除CLI(CommonLanguageInfrastructure)通用語言基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施client客戶、客戶端clientapplication客戶端應(yīng)用程序clientarea客戶區(qū)clientcursor客戶端游標(fordatabase)clipboard剪貼板connectionconnection連接(fordatabase)clone克隆CLS(commonlanguagespecification)通用語言規(guī)范codeaccesssecurity代碼訪問安全codepage代碼頁COFF(CommonObjectFileFormat)通用對象文件格式collection集合COM(ComponentObjectModel)組件對象模型combobox組合框commandline命令行comment注釋commit提交(fordatabase)communication通訊compatible兼容compiletime編譯期、編譯時compiler編譯器component組件compositeindex復(fù)合索引、組合索引(fordatabase)compositekey復(fù)合鍵、組合鍵(fordatabase)composition復(fù)合、組合concept概念concrete具體的concreteclass具體類concurrency并發(fā)、并發(fā)機制configuration配置、組態(tài)ConnectedComponents連通分支connectionpooling連接池dataconnection數(shù)據(jù)連接dataconnection數(shù)據(jù)連接(fordatabase)datadictionary數(shù)據(jù)字典(fordatabase)console控制臺constant常量ConstrainedandUnconstrainedOptimization最值問題constraint約束(fordatabase)construet構(gòu)件、成分、概念、構(gòu)造(forlanguage)construetor(ctor)構(gòu)造函數(shù)、構(gòu)造器container容器containment包容context環(huán)境、上下文control控件cookiecopy拷貝CORBA通用對象請求中介架構(gòu)(CommonObjectRequestBrokerArchitecture)cover覆蓋、涵蓋create/creation創(chuàng)建、生成crosstabquery交叉表查詢(fordatabase)Cryptography密碼CTS(commontypesystem)通用類型系統(tǒng)cube多維數(shù)據(jù)集(fordatabase)cursor光標cursor游標(fordatabase)custom定制、自定義D(70)：data數(shù)據(jù)deadlockdeadlock死鎖(fordatabase)datafile數(shù)據(jù)文件(fordatabase)dataintegrity數(shù)據(jù)完整性(fordatabase)datamanipulationlanguage(DML)數(shù)據(jù)操作語言(DML)(fordatabase)datamember數(shù)據(jù)成員、成員變量datasource數(shù)據(jù)源(fordatabase)Datasourcename(DSN)數(shù)據(jù)源名稱(DSN)(fordatabase)datastructure數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)DataStructures基本數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)datatable數(shù)據(jù)表(fordatabase)data-bound數(shù)據(jù)綁定(fordatabase)database數(shù)據(jù)庫(fordatabase)databasecatalog數(shù)據(jù)庫目錄(fordatabase)databasediagram數(shù)據(jù)關(guān)系圖(fordatabase)databasefile數(shù)據(jù)庫文件(fordatabase)databaseobject數(shù)據(jù)庫對象(fordatabase)databaseowner數(shù)據(jù)庫所有者(fordatabase)databaseproject數(shù)據(jù)庫工程(fordatabase)databaserole數(shù)據(jù)庫角色(fordatabase)databaseschema數(shù)據(jù)庫模式、數(shù)據(jù)庫架構(gòu)(fordatabase)databasescript數(shù)據(jù)庫腳本(fordatabase)datagram數(shù)據(jù)報文dataset數(shù)據(jù)集(fordatabase)dataset數(shù)據(jù)集(fordatabase)DBMS(databasemanagementsystem)數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)(fordatabase)DCOM(distributedCOM)分布式COMdeallocate歸還debug調(diào)試debugger調(diào)試器decay退化declaration聲明default缺省、默認值DEFAULTconstraint默認約束(fordatabase)defaultdatabase默認數(shù)據(jù)庫(fordatabase)defaultinstance默認實例(fordatabase)defaultresultset默認結(jié)果集(fordatabase)defer推遲definition定義delegate委托delegation委托deploy部署derivedclass派生類designpattern設(shè)計模式destroy銷毀destruetor(dtor)析構(gòu)函數(shù)、析構(gòu)器device設(shè)備DHTML(dynamicHyperTextMarkupLanguage)動態(tài)超文本標記語言dialog對話框Dictionaries字典digest摘要digital數(shù)字的directive(編譯)指示符directory目錄disassembler反匯編器DISCO(DiscoveryofWebServices)WebServices的查找dispatch調(diào)度、分派、派發(fā)distributedcomputing分布式計算distributedquery分布式查詢(fordatabase)DNA(DistributedinterNetApplication)分布式網(wǎng)間應(yīng)用程序document文檔DOM(DocumentObjectModel)文檔對象模型dotoperator(圓)點操作符double-bytecharacterset(DBCS)雙字節(jié)字符集(DBCS)driver驅(qū)動(程序)DTD(documenttypedefinition)文檔類型定義dump轉(zhuǎn)儲dumpfile轉(zhuǎn)儲文件E(32)：e-business電子商務(wù)efficiency效率efficient高效encapsulation封裝enduser最終用戶end-to-endauthentication端對端身份驗證engine弓丨擎entity實體enum(enumeration)枚舉enumerators枚舉成員、枚舉器equal相等equality相等性equalityoperator等號操作符errorlog錯誤日志(fordatabase)escapecharacter轉(zhuǎn)義符、轉(zhuǎn)義字符escapecode轉(zhuǎn)義碼evaluate評估event事件eventdriven事件驅(qū)動的eventhandler事件處理器evidence證據(jù)exception異常exceptiondeclaration異常聲明exceptionhandling異常處理、異常處理機制exceptionspecification異常規(guī)范exception-safe異常安全的exit退出explicit顯式explicitspecialization顯式特化explicittransaction顯式事務(wù)(fordatabase)export導(dǎo)出expression表達式F(29)：fatclient胖客戶端feature特性、特征fetch提取field字段(fordatabase)field字段(java)fieldlength字段長度(fordatabase)file文件filter篩選(fordatabase)finalization終結(jié)finalizer終結(jié)器firewall防火墻flag標記flashmemory閃存flush刷新font字體foreignkey(FK)外鍵(FK)(fordatabase)form窗體formalparameter形參forwarddeclaration前置聲明forward-only只向前的forward-onlycursor只向前游標(fordatabase)framework框架fullspecialization完全特化function函數(shù)functioncalloperator(即operator())函數(shù)調(diào)用操作符functionobject函數(shù)對象functiontemplate函數(shù)模板functionality功能functor仿函數(shù)G(13)：GC（Garbagecollection）垃圾回收（機制）、垃圾收集（機制）generate生成generic泛化的、一般化的、通用的genericalgorithm通用算法genericity泛型getter(相對于setter)取值函數(shù)global全局的globalobject全局對象grant授權(quán)(fordatabase)group組、群groupbox分組框GUI圖形界面GUID(GloballyUniqueIdentifier)全球唯一標識符H(20)：handle句柄handler處理器harddisk硬盤hard-coded硬編碼的hard-copy截屏圖hardware硬件hashtable散列表、哈希表headerfile頭文件heap堆helpfile幫助文件hierarchicaldata階層式數(shù)據(jù)、層次式數(shù)據(jù)hierarchy層次結(jié)構(gòu)、繼承體系highlevel高階、高層incrementalincremental增量更新(fordatabase)hook鉤子Host(application)宿主(應(yīng)用程序)hotkey熱鍵HTML(HyperTextMarkupLanguage)超文本標記語言HTTP(HyperTextTransferProtocol)超文本傳輸協(xié)議HTTPpipelineHTTP管道hyperlink超鏈接I(49)：icon圖標IDE(IntegratedDevelopmentEnvironment)集成開發(fā)環(huán)境identifier標識符IDL(InterfaceDefinitionLanguage)接口定義語言idletime空閑時間ifandonlyif當且僅當IL(IntermediateLanguage)中間語言、中介語言image圖象IME輸入法immediatebase直接基類immediatederived直接派生類immediateupdating即時更新(fordatabase)implement實現(xiàn)implementation實現(xiàn)、實現(xiàn)品implicit隱式implicittransaction隱式事務(wù)(fordatabase)import導(dǎo)入isolationlevelisolationlevel隔離級別(fordatabase)IndependentSet獨立集index索弓丨(fordatabase)infiniteloop無限循環(huán)infiniterecursive無限遞歸information信息inheritance繼承、繼承機制initialization初始化initializationlist初始化列表、初始值列表initialize初始化inline內(nèi)聯(lián)inlineexpansion內(nèi)聯(lián)展開innerjoin內(nèi)聯(lián)接(fordatabase)instance實例instantiated具現(xiàn)化、實體化(常應(yīng)用于template)instantiation具現(xiàn)體、具現(xiàn)化實體(常應(yīng)用于template)integrate集成、整合integrity完整性、一致性integrityconstraint完整性約束(fordatabase)interacts交互interface接口interoperability互操作性、互操作能力interpreter解釋器introspection自省invariants不變性invoke調(diào)用item項、條款、項目livelocklivelock活鎖(fordatabase)iterate迭代iteration迭代(回圈每次輪回稱為一個iteration)iterative反復(fù)的、迭代的iterator迭代器J(2)：JITcompilationJIT編譯即時編譯JobScheduling工程安排K(2)：key鍵(fordatabase)keycolumn鍵列(fordatabase)L(25)：leftouterjoin左向外聯(lián)接(fordatabase)level階、層例library庫lifetime生命期、壽命LinearProgramming線性規(guī)劃link連接、鏈接linkage連接、鏈接linker連接器、鏈接器list列表、表、鏈表listbox列表框literalconstant字面常數(shù)load裝載、加載loadbalancing負載平衡loader裝載器、載入器local局部的localobject局部對象lock鎖log日志login登錄loginsecuritymode登錄安全模式(fordatabase)lookuptable查找表(fordatabase)loop循環(huán)loosecoupling松散耦合lvalue左值M(42)：machinecode機器碼、機器代碼macro宏maintain維護managedcode受控代碼、托管代碼ManagedExtensions受控擴充件、托管擴展managedobject受控對象、托管對象manifest清單many-to-manyrelationship多對多關(guān)系(fordatabase)many-to-onerelationship多對一關(guān)系(fordatabase)marshal列集Matching匹配member成員memberaccessoperator成員取用運算子（有dot和arrow兩種）memberfunction成員函數(shù)memberinitializationlist成員初始值列表memory內(nèi)存memoryleak內(nèi)存泄漏menu菜單message消息messagebased基于消息的messageloop消息環(huán)messagequeuing消息隊列metadata元數(shù)據(jù)metaprogramming元編程method方法micro微middletier中間層middleware中間件modeling建模modelinglanguage建模語言modem調(diào)制解調(diào)器modifier修飾字、修飾符module模塊mostderivedclass最底層的派生類mouse鼠標multi-tasking多任務(wù)multi-thread多線程multicastdelegate組播委托、多點委托multithreadedserverapplication多線程服務(wù)器應(yīng)用程序multiuser多用戶mutable可變的mutex互斥元、互斥體N(11)：namedparameter命名參數(shù)namedpipe命名管道namespace名字空間、命名空間native原生的、本地的nativecode本地碼、本機碼nestedclass嵌套類nestedquery嵌套查詢(fordatabase)nestedtable嵌套表(fordatabase)network網(wǎng)絡(luò)networkcard網(wǎng)卡NetworkFlow網(wǎng)絡(luò)流O(16)：object對象objectbased基于對象的objectmodel對象模型objectoriented面向?qū)ο蟮腛DBCdatasourceODBC數(shù)據(jù)源(fordatabase)ODBCdriverODBC驅(qū)動程序(fordatabase)one-to-manyrelationship—對多關(guān)系(fordatabase)one-to-onerelationship—對一關(guān)系(fordatabase)operatingsystem(OS)操作系統(tǒng)operation操作operator操作符、運算符option選項outerjoin夕卜聯(lián)接(fordatabase)overflow上限溢位(相對于underflow)overload重載override覆寫、重載、重新定義P(45)：package包packaging打包palette調(diào)色板parallel并行parameter參數(shù)、形式參數(shù)、形參parameterlist參數(shù)列表parameterize參數(shù)化parentclass父類parentheses圓括弧、圓括號parse解析parser解析器part零件、部件partialspecialization局部特化passbyreference弓I用傳遞passbyvalue值傳遞pattern模式persistence持久性pixel像素placeholder占位符platform平臺PointLocation位置查詢pointer扌旨針polymorphism多態(tài)pooling池化popup彈出式port端口postfix后綴precedence優(yōu)先序(通常用于運算子的優(yōu)先執(zhí)行次序)prefix前綴preprocessor預(yù)處理器primarykey(PK)主鍵(PK)(fordatabase)primarytable主表(fordatabase)primitivetype原始類型print打印printer打印機procedure過程process進程program程序programmer程序員programming編程、程序設(shè)計progressbar進度扌旨示器project項目、工程property屬性protocol協(xié)議pseudocode偽碼savepointsavepoint保存點(fordatabase)relationaldatabaserelationaldatabase關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫Q(4)：qualified合格的qualifier修飾符quality質(zhì)量queue隊列R(42)：radiobutton單選按鈕randomnumber隨機數(shù)RandomNumberGeneration隨機數(shù)生成range范圍、區(qū)間rank等級raw未經(jīng)處理的re-direction重定向readOnly只讀record記錄(fordatabase)recordset記錄集(fordatabaserecursion遞歸recursive遞歸refactoring重構(gòu)refer引用、參考reference弓［用、參考reflection反射refreshdata刷新數(shù)據(jù)(fordatabase)register寄存器regularexpression正貝V表達式remote遠程remoterequest遠程請求represent表述，表現(xiàn)resolution解析過程resolve解析、決議resultset結(jié)果集(fordatabase)retrievedata檢索數(shù)據(jù)return返回returntype返回類型returnvalue返回值revoke撤銷rightouterjoin右向外聯(lián)接(fordatabase)robust健壯robustness健壯性rollback回滾(fordatabase)rollforward前滾(fordatabase)routine例程row行(fordatabase)rowset彳亍集(fordatabase)RPC(remoteprocedurecall)RPC(遠程過程調(diào)用)runtime執(zhí)行期、運行期、執(zhí)行時、運行時rvalue右值S(64)：Satisfiability可滿足性save保存SAX(SimpleAPIforXML)scalable可伸縮的、可擴展的schedule調(diào)度scheduler調(diào)度程序schema模式、綱目結(jié)構(gòu)scope作用域、生存空間screen屏幕scrollbar滾動條SDK(SoftwareDevelopmentKit)軟件開發(fā)包sealedclass密封類search查找Searching查找semantics語義sequentialcontainer序列式容器serial串行serialization/serialize序列化server服務(wù)器、服務(wù)端session會話(fordatabase)SetandStringProblems集合與串的問題SetCover集合覆蓋SetDataStructures集合SetPacking集合配置setter設(shè)值函數(shù)sideeffect副作用signature簽名single-threaded單線程slider滑塊transactiontransaction事務(wù)(fordatabase)subquerysubquery子查詢(fordatabase)slot槽SMTP(SimpleMailTransferProtocol)簡單郵件傳輸協(xié)議snapshot截屏圖snapshot快照(fordatabase)SOAP(simpleobjectaccessprotocol)簡單對象訪問協(xié)議software軟件Sorting排序sourcecode源碼、源代碼specialization特化specification規(guī)范、規(guī)格splitter切分窗口SQL(StrueturedQueryLanguage)結(jié)構(gòu)化查詢語言(fordatabase)stack棧、堆棧standardlibrary標準庫standardtemplatelibrary標準模板庫stateless無狀態(tài)的statement語句、聲明staticcursor靜態(tài)游標(fordatabase)staticSQLstatements靜態(tài)SQL語句(fordatabase)statusbar狀態(tài)條storedprocedure存儲過程(fordatabase)stream流string字符串StringMatching模式匹配stub存根subobject子對象subscriptoperator下標操作符support支持suspend掛起symbol記號syntax語法systemdatabases系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(fordatabase)systemtables系統(tǒng)表(fordatabase)T(23)：table表(fordatabase)table-levelconstraint表級約束(fordatabase)target標的，目標taskswitch工作切換TCP(TransportControlProtocol)傳輸控制協(xié)議template模板temporaryobject臨時對象temporarytable臨時表(fordatabase)text文本TextCompression壓縮textfile文本文件thinclient