云南省高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷含有答案解析

第頁云南省高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷(含有答案解析）（滿分：150分；考試時間：120分鐘）學(xué)校:___________班級：___________姓名：___________考號：___________一、閱讀理解ThefirstTomatinawasthrowninthesummerof1944or1945duringalocalreligiouscelebration.OnepopularoriginstoryofthistomatothrowingfestivalinSpainrecordshowasingeratthefestivalgaveaperformanceterribleinquality,andthetownspeopleofBu?ol,indisgust,grabbedproducefromnearbycarts,throwingitatthesinger.Anotheraccountdetailshowthetownspeopleexpressedtheirdissatisfactionbyrocketingtomatoesatpoliticalleadersoutsideofthecityhall.GiventheeconomicandpoliticalsituationofSpaininthemid-1940s,bothoftheseretellingsarelikelymorefictionthanfact.Amorebelievableversionisthatafewteenagers,overexcitedbythefestival,eitherknockedoverapasser-bywhohatefullybeganthrowingtomatoesorpickeduptomatoesthathadfallenfromthebedofapassinglorryandthrewthemateachotherjokingly,thusunknowinglycreatingoneofSpain’smostpopularyearlyevents.Whateverthecase,itwasofficiallybannedinthe1950s.In1957,thetownspeopleheldaceremonialtomatoburialtoexpresstheirdisapprovaloftheban.Theyputalargetomatointoacoffin(棺材)andcarrieditthroughthestreetsofthevillageinafuneralprocession.Localauthoritiesthenliftedthebanin1959.Tomatinawastelevisedforthefirsttimein1983,andithasseenparticipationnumbersriseuncontrollablyeversince.In2012,Bu?olbeganrequiringpaymentforentrance.BusesrollintoBu?olintheearlyhoursofthefinalWednesdayinAugust,carryingtouristsfromallovertheworld.Aseriesoflorriesloadedwith,asof2021.morethan319,000poundsoftomatoesdrivesthroughthecrowds,passingoutthevegetableammunition(彈藥).Justimaginethefunofiteveryyear!ThefestivalhasthussparkedimitationcelebrationsinplaceslikeChile,ArgentinaandSouthKorea.1．WhatmightbeasceneatthefirstTomatina?A．Thelocalsblamedadancerforperformingbadly.B．Thefolksattackedtheirreligiousleadersviolently.C．Teenagersfiredofftomatoesattheirfriendsplayfully.D．Teenagersstartedatomatofightwithwalkersfiercely.2．WhichyearmarkedaturningpointforTomatina’spopularity?A．1950. B．1957. C．1959. D．1983.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"sparked”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Setoff. B．Lainin. C．Thoughtof. D．Resultedfrom.4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Areportonpublicdemandfortomatoes.B．AnintroductiontoaSpanishyearlyevent.C．Differencesinthereactionsatceremonies.D．DisagreementsovertheoriginsofTomatina.Robotscanimprovementalwell-beingintheworkplace,butonlyiftheylookright,researchsuggests.AstudybytheUniversityofCambridgefoundthatpeoplewhointeractedwithrobotsthatweremoretoy-like,feltagreaterconnectioncomparedtohuman-likerobots.Overfiveweeks,26employeestookpartintheweeklyrobot-ledwell-beingsessions.Whiletherobotshadidenticalvoices,facialexpressionsandscriptsforthesessions,theirphysicalappearanceaffectedhowpeopleinteractedwiththemandhoweffectivetheythoughtofthemtobe.Thefirst,theQT,isachildlikehumanoidrobotandroughly90centimeterstall,whilethesecond,Misty,isa36centimeterstalltoy-likerobot.Accordingtotheresearchers,toy-likerobotslooksimpler,meaningpeoplemayhavehadlowerexpectationsandendedupfindingtheroboteasiertotalktoandconnectwith.Thosewhoworkedwiththehumanoidrobotfoundtheirexpectationsdidnotmatchreality,sincetherobotwasnotcapableofbehavingorinteractinglikeanactualhuman.Theseperceptionsofrobotsaretypicallyguidedbypopularculture.Researchersaddedthatinfilms,TVshowsandbooks,robotscandoanythingthatanindividual’simaginationcanthinkof.Butwhenfacedwitharobotintherealworld,peoplefindthatitoftendoesnotliveuptoexpectations.Co-authorofthestudy,MinjaAxelsson,said,“Theseperceptionsofhowrobotsshouldlookorbehavemightbeholdingbacktheuptakeofroboticsinareaswheretheycanbeuseful.”ProfessorHaticeGunes,fromCambridge’sDepartmentofComputerScienceandTechnology,saiditis“incrediblydifficult”tocreaterobotsthatarecapableofnaturalconversation.5．Howlongdidthesessionslast?A．Foraboutoneweek. B．Foroveronemonth.C．Forabout26days. D．Forover90days.6．Whatdotoy-likerobotsmeantotheemployees?A．Moredisappointment. B．Richerimagination.C．Lesscommunication. D．Closerrelationship.7．WhatcanweinferfromMinjaAxelsson’swords?A．It’snecessarytoimproverobots’appearance.B．It’sdifficultforrobotstointeractwithpeople.C．Robotscanbemadetomeetindividualneeds.D．Personalpreferencesmayaffecttheuseofrobots.8．Whichisthesuitabletitleforthetext?A．Robots’AppearanceMayImproveMentalWell-beingB．PopularCultureDecidesHuman’sDemandforRobotsC．AttitudestowardsRobotsVaryfromPersontoPersonD．Human-likeRobotsImproveEfficiencyinWorkplacesInthe2010s,34-yearoldBrianneMillertravelledaroundtheworldasamarine(海洋的)biologist.Nomatterhowremotethelocation,shemadethesamealarmingdiscovery:largeamountsofplasticpollutingthewaterandthreateningmarinelife.Millerknewsheneededtodosomething.Canadiansthrowoutthreemilliontonsofplasticwasteeachyear,33percentofwhichcomesfromfoodpackaging.Miller,determinedtosolvetheproblematthesource,envisionedashopthatnotjustbannedtheuseofplasticbags—aplacethatavoidedbothwastefulpackagingandthebadhabitofwastingfooditself.Toputherthoughtintopractice,inJune2018,Milleropenedoneofthefirstzero-wastegrocerystoresinCanada.ShenameditNada.Youcanbringyourowncontainers(容器),thoughit’snotnecessary:rightbythefrontdoorarerecycledglassorplasticcontainers,freeforthetaking.Theearlydaysofthepandemic(疫情)werehardonthebusiness.Becausefoodsaleswererestricted(限制),Nadacloseditsdoorstothepublicfor18months.ButthenMillerturnedtoonlineorderinganddelivery.Thezero-wastedeliveriesaremadebye-bikeandelectricvehicles.Everythingfromoliveoiltofresheggscomesdeliveredinrecycledcontainers,whicharecollectedandreusedforthenextroundofdeliveries.Thosecontainersdosomuchmorethanjustreducewaste.Theygetpeoplethinkingbig,justasMillerhadhopedtheywould.“Youcanseehowmanytimesthecontainerhasbeenused,”shesays.9．WhatmadeMillertakeactiontodealwithplasticwaste?A．Theterriblesituationoftheoceanlife.B．Thestrongdesiretotravelallovertheworld.C．Thegreatresponsibilityofresearchingplastic.D．Therespectandadmirationfromotherbiologists.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“envisioned”inparagraph2referto?A．Doubt. B．Demand. C．Advise. D．Imagine.11．WhatcanweknowaboutMiller’szero-wastegrocerystore?A．Itaskedconsumerstopayforplasticcontainers.B．Itwentoutofbusinessbecauseofthepandemic.C．Itprovidedenvironmentalfriendlydeliveryservice.D．Itsuggestedpeopletobuylessfoodtoreducewaste.12．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMiller?A．Kindandambitious. B．Creativeanddetermined.C．Braveandhumorous D．Optimisticandconfident.Takealookatyourfingers.WouldyoubelievemeifItoldyouthatthelengthofyourfingersinrelationtooneanothercanpredictyourpersonality?IknowthatitsoundslikeoneofthosesillytestsyouseeonFacebook,butIhavetoadmitthatitwasspot-onforme.Lookatyourthreemiddlefingersofyourlefthand.Isyourindexfinger(食指)longerthanyourringfinger?Isyourringfingerlongerthanyourindexfinger?Orarethetwothesamelength?Category1:Alongerringfinger.Ifyourringfingerislongerthanyourindexfinger,researchshowsthatyou’relikelyacharmingtype,andyoucanprobablytalkyourselfoutofanysituation.Othersoftenfindthispersonalitytypeirresistible(無法抵制的)andwillgotogreatlengthstohelpyou.You’remorelikelytotakerisks,andyou’regoodatproblem-solving.Peopleinthiscategorymakegreatengineers,soldiersandcrossword-puzzlesolvers.Category2:Alongerindexfinger.Ifyourindexfingerislongerthanyourringfinger,chancesarethatyouarefullofconfidence—possiblyeventothepointofbeingover-confidentandtooproud.Youarenotnecessarilyshy,butyoudoenjoytimetoyourselfespeciallywhenyou’retryingtocompleteaproject.Youareadeterminedgo-getterwhocanmakethingshappen,butyoumaybeshywhenitcomestotakingthefirststepinbuildingupafriendship.Youarealsoprobablyhappywithwhatyouhave,butyou’realwayswishingformore.Category3:Thetwoarethesamelength.Ifyourindexfingerandringfingerareroughlythesamelength,youarelikelytoavoidconflictatallcostsandseektokeepthepeaceinyourrelationships.Youarewell-organized,faithfulandsympathetic.Butdeepdownunderallofthatcaringandpeace-loving,youalsocangomadunexpectedlywhenyou’repushedtoofar.Howwelldidthesedescriptionsmatchyourpersonality?Iwassurprisedattheaccuracyinmycase.13．Whatmightpeoplewithalongringfingertendtobelike?A．Creative. B．Attractive. C．Hard-working. D．Harm-hearted.14．Whichisthecasewithpeoplehavingalongerindexfinger?A．Theyarenotwelcomemostofthetime.B．Theyalwaysfeelconfidentandneverfeelshy.C．Theyarealwayssatisfiedwithwhattheyhave.D．Theyprefertobeleftalonewhenworkingonaproject.15．Whichisasuitablematchfor“Category3”people?A．Thecrossword-puzzlesolver. B．Theadventurer.C．Thepeacemaker. D．Thesweettalker.16．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．NeverbelievethesillytestsonFacebook.B．Thelengthoffingerscanshowpersonality.C．Whyyourfingersarenotofthesamelength.D．Howtofindoutaboutone’spersonalityexactly.二、七選五HowtolearnnewthingsIsitevertoolatetolearnanewskill?Theansweris:absolutelynot!Learningnewthingsisbeneficialatanyage.Itcanchangeyourlifeinmanyways—fromgivingyouacareerpromotiontohelpingyoudiscoveranewpassion.Allyouneedisenthusiasm,focus,andsomehelpfullearningstrategies.17●Takeaclassoronlinecourse.Classesofferinformative,guidedinstructiononyourchosendiscipline.Checkoutthecourselistingsatyourlocalcommunitycollegeorlookforclassofferingsatlocalchurches,freeschools,communityrecreationcenters,andculturalcenters.18●Learnthroughpracticalexperience.Themosteffectivewaytolearnsomethingisjusttodoit!19Forexample,youwanttolearnaprogramminglanguage.Tryitoutratherthanspendingallyourtimeinatextbook!Learnbycodingasmallprogramandworkingoutthebugsyourself.●20Teachingaskillenablesyoutounderstanditbetter.Why?Becausebyteachingsomeoneelse,youfirsthavetothinkcriticallyabouttheskillorsubjectandbreakitdownintoeasilyexplainablepieces.Askafriendorcoworkerifyoucandiscusswhatyou’vebeenlearningwiththem.Makeaninformativepresentationaboutthesubjectorstartablogaboutyourlearningprocess.●Testyourself.Atestwillshowyouhowmuchofthematerialyouremember.Quizzesaren’tthemostfunpartoflearning,butsometimesthey’reexactlywhatyouneed.21Findapracticeexamonlineordrawupyourowntestthatyoucanusetogradeyourself.Testingshowsyouhowwellyou’vemasteredthematerialsofarandwhatyoumightstillneedtoworkon.A．Teachsomeoneelse.B．Makeapracticeschedule.C．Setupatestforyourselfwhenyoulearnanewskillorconcept.D．Uselotsofdifferentlearningmaterialsfrombookstoonlinevideos.E．Here’salistoftipsthatwillhelpyoulearnanynewskillyoudesire.F．Checklocalmagazinesandonlinelistingsforindependentteachersandtutors,too.G．Applytheideasyoulearnedfromlessonsandfindoutwhatworksbestforyouinpractice.三、完形填空Eleven-year-oldAngelawasstrickenwithadiseaseinvolvinghernervoussystem.Shewasunabletowalkandhermovementwas22inotherwaysaswell.Thedoctorsdidnot23muchhopeofherrecoveringfromthisillness.Theypredictedshe’dspendtherestofherlifeina24.Theysaidthatfew,ifany,wereabletocomebacktonormalafter25thisdisease.Thelittlegirlwasbrave.There,lyinginherhospitalbed,shewouldsweartoanyonewho’dlistenthatshewas26goingtobewalkingagainsomeday.Shewasthen27toaspecializedrehabilitation(康復(fù))hospitalintheSanFranciscoBayarea.Whatevertreatmentscouldbe28tohercasewereused.Thedoctorswerecharmedbyher29spirit.Theytaughtherabout30aboutseeingherselfwalking.Ifitwoulddonothingelse,itwouldatleastgiveherhopeandsomething31todointhelongwakinghoursinherbed.Angelawouldworkashardaspossibleinphysicaltreatment.Butsheworkedjustashardlyingthere32doingherimaging,visualizingherselfmoving,movingandmoving!Oneday,asshewasmakingeffortswithallhermighttoimagineherlegsmovingagain,itseemedasthougha(n)33appeared:thebedmoved!Itbegantomovearoundtheroom!Shescreamedout,“LookwhatI’mdoing!Look!Look!Icandoit!Imoved,Imoved!”34,atthisverymomenteveryoneelseinthehospitalwasscreaming,too,andrunningfor35.Peoplewerescreaming,equipmentwas36andglasswasbreaking.ItwastheSanFranciscoearthquake!37don’ttellthattoAngela.She’s38thatshedidit.Andnowonlyafewyearslater,she’sbackinschool.Onherown39,nowheelchair.Yousee,anyonewhocan40theearthbetweenSanFranciscoandOaklandcan41asmalldisease,can’tthey?22．A．improved B．restricted C．a(chǎn)voided D．a(chǎn)rranged23．A．holdout B．giveup C．a(chǎn)ccountfor D．wipeoff24．A．hospital B．school C．wheelchair D．house25．A．passingon B．researchingon C．figuringout D．sufferingfrom26．A．probably B．definitely C．nearly D．barely27．A．sheltered B．seized C．transferred D．followed28．A．a(chǎn)pplied B．referred C．a(chǎn)ttached D．exposed29．A．energetic B．relaxing C．a(chǎn)ttractive D．undefeatable30．A．imaging B．promising C．expecting D．predicting31．A．comfortable B．positive C．meaningless D．simple32．A．a(chǎn)nxiously B．relievedly C．faithfully D．randomly33．A．conflict B．disagreement C．a(chǎn)ccident D．wonder34．A．Inaddition B．Inconclusion C．Infact D．Ingeneral35．A．celebration B．surprise C．a(chǎn)ssistance D．cover36．A．falling B．flashing C．rising D．restarting37．A．So B．But C．And D．Or38．A．convinced B．excited C．satisfied D．supposed39．A．hands B．legs C．bike D．vehicle40．A．destroy B．control C．shake D．protect41．A．possess B．ignore C．fear D．conquer四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheMinistryofEducationhasaskedthepublisherofprimaryschoolmathtextbookstoredotheillustrationsafterpublicoutcryfor42（be）toouglyandinappropriate.TheministryhasaskedthePeople’sEducationPresstocarry43instantmeasuresandmakesurenewtextbooksareavailableforstudentsbeforethestartofautumnsemesterinSeptember,itsaidinareleaseonSaturday.Theministrywillconduct44overall

evaluationonalltextbooks45（use）byprimaryandsecondaryschoolsnationwide,especiallyon46（they）contentandillustrations.Theevaluationaims47（make）suretheyinsistonrightpolitical48（direct）andvalueorientation(價值導(dǎo)向），promotetraditionalChinesecultureandconform(符合)topublicaesthetictaste,andanyproblemsfoundwill49（correct）immediately,thereleasesaid.Theministrywelcomesthepublictosendsuggestionsonthetextbooks,50willbetakenintoaccountina51（time）manner,itadded.五、短文改錯52．假如英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Anoldwomanhadacat.Thecatwasveryold;shecouldnotrunquick,andshecouldnotbite,becauseofshewassoold.Onedayanoldcatsawamouse;shejumpedtocaughtthemouse.Butshecouldnotbiteit;sothemousegotoutofhismouthandranaway,becausethecatcouldnotbiteit.Thentheoldwomanbecameveryangrybecausethecathadnotkilledthemouse.Shebeganhitthecat.Thecatsaid,“Donothityourolderservant.Ihaveworkedforyouformanyyear,andIwouldworkforyoustill,becauseIamtooold.Donotbeunkindtotheold,butrememberwhatgoodworktheolddidwhentheyareyoung.”六、其他應(yīng)用文53．假如你是李華，已報名參加國內(nèi)某英文網(wǎng)站舉行的主題為“生活奔小康”的公益廣告大賽，請根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容寫出你的作品介紹：1.名稱；2.內(nèi)容；3.表現(xiàn)形式。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：小康生活awell-offlife；XiaoKang/Xiaokang_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案1．C2．D3．A4．B【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了西班牙著名的西紅柿節(jié)的起源和發(fā)展史。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Amorebelievableversionisthatafewteenagers,overexcitedbythefestival,eitherknockedoverapasser-bywhohatefullybeganthrowingtomatoesorpickeduptomatoesthathadfallenfromthebedofapassinglorryandthrewthemateachotherjokingly,”（一種更可信的說法是，一些青少年對節(jié)日過于興奮，要么是撞倒了一個滿懷仇恨地扔西紅柿的過路人，要么是撿起從一輛路過的卡車上掉下來的西紅柿，互相開玩笑地扔在一起。）可知，在第一次西紅柿節(jié)上，最有可能看到的景象就是，幾個年輕人開玩笑地互相扔西紅柿。故選C項。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Tomatinawastelevisedforthefirsttimein1983,andithasseenparticipationnumbersriseuncontrollablyeversince.”（1983年，《西紅柿節(jié)》第一次在電視上播出，自那以后，參與的人數(shù)就一直在不可控制地上升。）可知，1983年是西紅柿節(jié)發(fā)展的轉(zhuǎn)折點，自此，參與人數(shù)就直線上升。故選D項。3．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中“imitationcelebrationsinplaceslikeChile,ArgentinaandSouthKorea.”（智利、阿根廷和韓國等地也紛紛效仿。）以及選項中四個短語的含義：setoff“激起，引起”；lainin“存在于”；thoughtof“想到”；resultedfrom“源于”；可知，劃線單詞“spark”意為“引起”。故選A項。4．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“ThefirstTomatinawasthrowninthesummerof1944or1945duringalocalreligiouscelebration.”（相傳第一個西紅柿節(jié)源于1944年或1945年的夏天，當(dāng)?shù)氐囊粋€宗教慶典上第一個西紅柿被扔出去。）；第三段中“Whateverthecase,itwasofficiallybannedinthe1950s.In1957,thetownspeopleheldaceremonialtomatoburialtoexpresstheirdisapprovaloftheban.”（無論如何，它在20世紀50年代被官方禁止。1957年，鎮(zhèn)上的居民舉行了一場西紅柿葬禮，以表達他們對禁令的不滿。）；第四段中“In2012,Bu?olbeganrequiringpaymentforentrance.”（2012年，Bu?ol開始要求入會費。）可知，本文以時間為線索，詳細介紹了西班牙一年一度的盛大節(jié)日。故項B項。5．B6．D7．D8．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。研究表明，機器人可以改善工作場所的心理健康，但這些對機器人外觀或行為的看法可能會阻礙機器人在它們可以發(fā)揮作用的領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Overfiveweeks,26employeestookpartintheweeklyrobot-ledwell-beingsessions.(在五周的時間里，26名員工參加了每周一次由機器人主持的健康會議)”可知，（研究）時間持續(xù)了5周，即一個多月。故選B項。6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“AstudybytheUniversityofCambridgefoundthatpeoplewhointeractedwithrobotsthatweremoretoy-like,feltagreaterconnectioncomparedtohuman-likerobots.(劍橋大學(xué)的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與人形機器人相比，與更像玩具的機器人互動的人感到更有聯(lián)系)”可知，玩具機器人對員工來說意味著更緊密的關(guān)系。故選D項。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Co-authorofthestudy,MinjaAxelsson,said,“Theseperceptionsofhowrobotsshouldlookorbehavemightbeholdingbacktheuptakeofroboticsinareaswheretheycanbeuseful.”(該研究的合著者MinjaAxelsson說：“這些對機器人外觀或行為的看法可能會阻礙機器人在它們可以發(fā)揮作用的領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。”)”可知，MinjaAxelsson認為個人偏好可能會影響機器人的使用。故選D項。8．主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其是第一段第一句“Robotscanimprovementalwell-beingintheworkplace,butonlyiftheylookright,researchsuggests.(研究表明，機器人可以改善工作場所的心理健康，但前提是它們的樣子是人們喜歡的)”可知本篇文章主要講了機器人可以改善心理健康。故A項“Robots’AppearanceMayImproveMentalWell-being(機器人的外觀可能會改善心理健康)”作為標(biāo)題，能概括全文。故選A項。9．A10．D11．C12．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了海洋生物學(xué)家布里安·米勒為了減少塑料污染和解決浪費問題，創(chuàng)建了名為Nada的商店。9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Nomatterhowremotethelocation,shemadethesamealarmingdiscovery:largeamountsofplasticpollutingthewaterandthreateningmarinelife.Millerknewsheneededtodosomething.(無論地點多么偏遠，她都有同樣令人震驚的發(fā)現(xiàn)：大量的塑料垃圾散落在水中，威脅著海洋生物。米勒知道她需要做點什么)”和第二段的“Canadiansthrowoutthreemilliontonsofplasticwasteeachyear,33percentofwhichcomesfromfoodpackaging.Miller,decidedtosolvetheproblematthesource(加拿大人每年丟棄300萬噸塑料垃圾，其中33%來自食品包裝。米勒決定從源頭上解決這個問題)”可知，米勒采取行動處理塑料垃圾的想法來自于塑料垃圾對海洋生物構(gòu)成威脅，即海洋生物的糟糕處境。故選A。10．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段的“Toputherthoughtintopractice,inJune2018,Milleropenedoneofthefirstzero-wastegrocerystoresinCanada.(為了將她的想法付諸實踐，2018年6月，米勒在加拿大開設(shè)了第一家零浪費雜貨店)”可知，在此之前開設(shè)一個禁止使用塑料袋的商店只是米勒的設(shè)想。由此猜測劃線詞envisioned意為“想象，設(shè)想”，與imagine同義。故選D。11．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“ButthenMillerturnedtoonlineorderinganddelivery.Thezero-wastedeliveriesaremadebye-bikeandelectricvehicles.(但隨后米勒轉(zhuǎn)向了在線訂購和配送。電動自行車和電動汽車實現(xiàn)了零廢物運輸)”可知，米勒的零浪費雜貨店提供環(huán)保派送服務(wù)。故選C。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Toputherthoughtintopractice,inJune2018,Milleropenedoneofthefirstzero-wastegrocerystoresinCanada.ShenameditNada.Youcanbringyourowncontainers(容器),thoughit’snotnecessary:rightbythefrontdoorarerecycledglassorplasticcontainers,freeforthetaking.(為了將她的想法付諸實踐，2018年6月，米勒在加拿大開設(shè)了第一家零浪費雜貨店。她把它命名為Nada。你可以自帶容器，盡管沒有必要：就在前門旁邊是可回收的玻璃或塑料容器，免費帶走)”可知，米勒開設(shè)了零廢物雜貨店，提供可回收的玻璃杯或塑料容器來裝食物，說明她富有創(chuàng)造力；根據(jù)第二段的“Miller,determinedtosolvetheproblematthesource(米勒，米勒決定從源頭上解決這個問題)”和倒數(shù)第二段的“Theearlydaysofthepandemic(疫情)werehardonthebusiness.Becausefoodsaleswererestricted(限制),Nadacloseditsdoorstothepublicfor18months.ButthenMillerturnedtoonlineorderinganddelivery.(疫情初期生意很艱難。因為食品銷售受到限制，納達對公眾關(guān)閉了18個月。但隨后米勒轉(zhuǎn)向了在線訂購和配送)”可知，米勒認準(zhǔn)了目標(biāo)，就會下定決心去實現(xiàn)它，說明她有決心。綜上，故選B。13．B14．D15．C16．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人們通過對一個人五個手指的長短以及相互比較來發(fā)現(xiàn)其性格特征。13．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Ifyourringfingerislongerthanyourindexfinger,researchshowsthatyou’relikelyacharmingtype”（如果你的無名指比食指長，研究表明你可能是一個有魅力的類型）”可知，一個無名指較長的人可能是具有吸引力的。故選B。14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Ifyourindexfingerislongerthanyourringfinger,chancesareyouarefullofconfidence—possiblyeventothepointofbeingover-confidentandtooproud.Youarenotnecessarilyintroverted,butyoudoenjoytimetoyourselfespeciallywhenyou’retryingtocompleteaproject.”（如果你的食指比無名指長，那么你很可能充滿自信——甚至可能到了過分自信和驕傲的地步。你不一定是內(nèi)向的人，但你確實喜歡獨處的時間，尤其是當(dāng)你試圖完成一個項目的時候）可知，食指較長的人在做項目時更喜歡獨處。故選D。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的“Ifyourindexfingerandringfingerareroughlythesamelength,youarelikelytoavoidconflictatallcostsandseektokeepthepeaceinyourrelationships.”（如果你的食指和無名指差不多長，你可能會不惜一切代價避免沖突，并尋求在人際關(guān)系中保持和平）并結(jié)合選項可推知，“和平締造者”與“第3類”人匹配。故選C。16．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Takealookatyourfingers.WouldyoubelievemeifItoldyouthatthelengthofyourfingersinrelationtooneanothercanpredictyourpersonality?”（看看你的手指。如果我告訴你，你手指的長度可以預(yù)測你的性格，你會相信嗎？）結(jié)合下文提到的食指和無名指長度相比的三種情況可知，文章主要介紹了手指的長度可以顯示個性。故選B。17．E18．F19．G20．A21．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一些學(xué)習(xí)新技能的技巧。17．根據(jù)上文“Isitevertoolatetolearnanewskill?Theansweris:absolutelynot!Learningnewthingsisbeneficialatanyage.Itcanchangeyourlifeinmanyways—fromgivingyouacareerpromotiontohelpingyoudiscoveranewpassion.Allyouneedisenthusiasm,focus,andsomehelpfullearningstrategies.(學(xué)習(xí)一項新技能永遠不會太晚嗎？答案是：絕對不是！學(xué)習(xí)新事物在任何年齡都是有益的。它可以在很多方面改變你的生活——從給你升職到幫助你發(fā)現(xiàn)新的激情。你所需要的只是熱情、專注和一些有用的學(xué)習(xí)策略)”結(jié)合后文介紹了一些學(xué)習(xí)新技能的方法，故E選項“這里有一些技巧可以幫助你學(xué)習(xí)任何你想要的新技能”符合語境，故選E。18．根據(jù)上文“Classesofferinformative,guidedinstructiononyourchosendiscipline.Checkoutthecourselistingsatyourlocalcommunitycollegeorlookforclassofferingsatlocalchurches,freeschools,communityrecreationcenters,andculturalcenters.(課程為您選擇的學(xué)科提供信息豐富的指導(dǎo)。查看當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)大學(xué)的課程列表，或者在當(dāng)?shù)亟烫?、免費學(xué)校、社區(qū)娛樂中心和文化中心尋找課程)”可知，本句為本段最后一句，故主要承接上文說明如何尋找課程以及教師。故F選項“查看當(dāng)?shù)仉s志和網(wǎng)上關(guān)于獨立教師和家庭教師的列表”符合語境，故選F。19．根據(jù)上文“Themosteffectivewaytolearnsomethingisjusttodoit!(學(xué)習(xí)東西最有效的方法就是去做)”以及后文“Forexample,youwanttolearnaprogramminglanguage.Tryitoutratherthanspendingallyourtimeinatextbook!Learnbycodingasmallprogramandworkingoutthebugsyourself.(例如，你想學(xué)習(xí)一門編程語言。嘗試一下，而不是把所有的時間都花在教科書上!通過編寫小程序并自己解決錯誤來學(xué)習(xí))”可知，上文強調(diào)學(xué)習(xí)最有效的是去做，即要實踐，故G選項“把你從課程中學(xué)到的想法應(yīng)用到實踐中，找出最適合你的方法”符合語境，故選G。20．根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Teachingaskillenablesyoutounderstanditbetter.Why?Becausebyteachingsomeoneelse,youfirsthavetothinkcriticallyabouttheskillorsubjectandbreakitdownintoeasilyexplainablepieces.Askafriendorcoworkerifyoucandiscusswhatyou’vebeenlearningwiththem.Makeaninformativepresentationaboutthesubjectorstartablogaboutyourlearningprocess.(教授一項技能可以讓你更好地理解它。為什么？因為通過教別人，你首先必須批判性地思考技能或主題，并將其分解成易于解釋的部分。問問朋友或同事，你是否可以和他們討論你所學(xué)到的東西。就這個主題做一個信息豐富的演講，或者寫一個關(guān)于你學(xué)習(xí)過程的博客)”可知，后文提到“教授一項技能可以讓你更好地理解它”，即通過教人來學(xué)習(xí)。故A選項“教別人”符合語境，故選A。21．根據(jù)上文“Atestwillshowyouhowmuchofthematerialyouremember.Quizzesaren’tthemostfunpartoflearning,butsometimesthey’reexactlywhatyouneed.(考試會顯示你記住了多少材料。小測驗并不是學(xué)習(xí)中最有趣的部分，但有時它們正是你所需要的)”以及后文“Findapracticeexamonlineordrawupyourowntestthatyoucanusetogradeyourself.Testingshowsyouhowwellyou’vemasteredthematerialsofarandwhatyoumightstillneedtoworkon.(在網(wǎng)上找一個練習(xí)考試，或者自己寫一個測試，你可以用它來給自己打分。測試可以告訴你，到目前為止，你對材料的掌握程度，以及你可能還需要改進的地方)”可知，后文提到了給自己寫一個測試，C選項中test對應(yīng)后文test。故C選項“當(dāng)你學(xué)習(xí)一項新技能或新概念時，給自己做一個測試”符合語境，故選C。22．B23．A24．C25．D26．B27．C28．A29．D30．A31．B32．C33．D34．C35．D36．A37．B38．A39．B40．C41．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了身患疾病的11歲女孩安吉拉，如何與病魔抗?fàn)?，最后?zhàn)勝病魔，重新站起來的勵志故事。22．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她不能走路，在其他方面她的運動也受到了限制。A.improved提高；B.restricted限制；C.avoided避免；D.arranged安排。根據(jù)上文“Eleven-year-oldAngelawasstrickenwithadiseaseinvolvinghernervoussystem.”可知，安吉拉患病影響了她的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，她的運動能力也受到限制。故選B項。23．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：醫(yī)生們對她的康復(fù)并不抱多大希望。A.holdout持有；B.giveup放棄；C.accountfor說明；D.wipeoff擦掉。根據(jù)下文“Theypredictedshe’dspendtherestofherlifeina3.”可知，他們認為她要在輪椅上度過余生，所以說醫(yī)生對安吉拉的病不報任何希望。故選A項。24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們預(yù)測她將在輪椅上度過余生。A.hospital醫(yī)院；B.school學(xué)校；C.wheelchair輪椅；D.house房屋。根據(jù)上文“shewasunabletowalk...”可知，她不能走路，所以安吉拉要使用輪椅。故選C項。25．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他們說，如果有的話，很少有人能在患了這種疾病后恢復(fù)正常。A.passingon傳遞；B.researchingon研究；C.figuringout弄清楚；D.sufferingfrom患病。根據(jù)上文“Eleven-year-oldAngelawasstrickenwithadiseaseinvolvinghernervoussystem.”可知，安吉拉患了一種影響神經(jīng)的疾病。故選D項。26．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在那里，躺在病床上，她會向任何聽她說話的人發(fā)誓，她總有一天一定能再次自己走路的。A.probably可能地；B.definitely一定地；C.nearly幾乎；D.barely幾乎不。根據(jù)上文“Thelittlegirlwasbrave.”和“shewouldsweartoanyone”可知，安吉拉很勇敢，而且向別人發(fā)誓，都表明了她堅信自己一定能再次走路的決心。故選B項。27．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，她被轉(zhuǎn)移到舊金山灣區(qū)的一家專門的康復(fù)醫(yī)院。A.sheltered躲避；B.seized抓?。籆.transferred轉(zhuǎn)移；D.followed跟隨。根據(jù)下文“aspecializedrehabilitation(康復(fù))hospitalintheSanFranciscoBayarea.”可知，這是一家在舊金山灣區(qū)的專門的康復(fù)醫(yī)院。由此可知，安吉拉是在醫(yī)院手術(shù)后被轉(zhuǎn)送到康復(fù)醫(yī)院進行康復(fù)。故選C項。28．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：能用的治療方案都應(yīng)用到她的身上。A.applied應(yīng)用；B.referred提及；C.attached貼上；D.exposed暴露。根據(jù)上文“Shewasthen6toaspecializedrehabilitation(康復(fù))hospitalintheSanFranciscoBayarea.”可知，安吉拉來康復(fù)醫(yī)院里進行康復(fù)治療，所以醫(yī)生們應(yīng)用了一切可能的方法給她治療。故選A項。29．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生們被她永不言敗的精神所感動了。A.energe