新高考英語(yǔ)人教版一輪復(fù)習(xí)課后練習(xí)第1部分必修3Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote

第一部分必修3Unit3Ⅰ．閱讀理解A(2020年7月浙江卷)ThetrafficsignalsalongFactoriaBoulevardinBellevue，Washington，generallydon’tflashthesamelengthofgreentwiceinarow，especiallyatrushhour.At9：30a．m.，thefullred/yellow/greensignalcyclemightbe140seconds.By9：33a．m.，aburstofadditionaltrafficmightpushitto145seconds.Lesstrafficat9：37a．m.couldpushitdownto135．Justlikethetrafficitself，thetimingofThatisbydesign.Bellevue，afast-growingcityjusteastofSeattle，usesasystemthatisgainingpopularityaroundtheUS：intersection(十字路口)signalsthatcanadjustinrealtimetotrafficconditions.Theselights，knownasadaptivesignals，haveledtosignificantdeclinesinboththetroubleandcostoftravelsbetweenworkandhome.“Adaptivesignalscanmakesurethatthetrafficdemandthatisthereisbeingaddressed，”saysAlexStevanovic，aresearcheratFloridaAtlanticUniversity.ForallofBellevue’ssuccess，adaptivesignalsarenotacure-allforjammedroadways.KevinBalke，aresearchengineerattheTexasA&MUniversityTransportationInstitute，saysthatwhilesmartlightscanbeparticularlybeneficialforsomecities，othersaresojammedthatonlyasharpreductioninthenumberofcarsontheroadwillmakeameaningfuldifference.“It’snotgoingtofixeverything，butadaptivesignalshavesomebenefitsforsmallercities，”hesays.InBellevue，theswitchtoadaptivesignalshasbeenalessoninthevalueofwelcomingnewapproaches.Inthepast，therewasoftenanautomaticreactiontoincreasedtraffic：justwidentheroads，saysMarkPoch，theBellevueTransportationDepartment’strafficengineeringmanager.Nowhehopesthatothercitieswillconsidermakingtheirstreetsrunsmarterinsteadofjustmakingthembigger.()1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph2referto?A．Increasedlengthofgreenlights.B．Shortenedtrafficsignalcycle.C．Flexibletimingoftrafficsignals.D．Smoothtrafficflowontheroad.()2．WhatdoesKevinBalkesayaboutadaptivesignals?A．Theyworkbetteronbroadroads.B．Theyshouldbeusedinothercities.C．Theyhavegreatlyreducedtrafficontheroad.D．Theyarelesshelpfulincitiesseriouslyjammed.()3．WhatcanwelearnfromBellevue’ssuccess?A．Itisrewardingtotrynewthings.B．Theoldmethodsstillworktoday.C．Itpaystoputtheoryintopractice.D．Thesimplestwayisthebestway.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了華盛頓貝爾維尤的法克托利亞大道采用了可以根據(jù)交通狀況實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)整信號(hào)燈時(shí)間的自適應(yīng)信號(hào)燈，大大緩解了交通壓力。1．C代詞指代題。代詞that多指代上文內(nèi)容。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句，即本段主題句“Justlikethetrafficitself，thetimingofthesignalschanges.”可知，that指代信號(hào)燈時(shí)間隨交通狀況而變化這一情況，也就是C項(xiàng)“交通信號(hào)燈時(shí)間的靈活控制”。故選C項(xiàng)。2．D推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的KevinBalke可定位到第四段。根據(jù)本段中的“adaptivesignalsarenotacure-allforjammedroadways”以及“othersaresojammedthatonlyasharpreductioninthenumberofcarsontheroadwillmakeameaningfuldifference”可知，自適應(yīng)信號(hào)燈不是解決交通擁堵問(wèn)題的靈丹妙藥，在一些擁擠不堪的城市，只有大幅減少道路上的汽車數(shù)量才會(huì)產(chǎn)生有意義的影響。由此可推知，凱文·巴爾克認(rèn)為自適應(yīng)信號(hào)燈在交通擁堵嚴(yán)重的城市沒(méi)那么有用。故選D項(xiàng)。3．A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“InBellevue，theswitchtoadaptivesignalshasbeenalessoninthevalueofwelcomingnewapproaches.”可知，貝爾維尤改用自適應(yīng)信號(hào)燈給我們上了一課，讓我們意識(shí)到樂(lè)于接受新方法的價(jià)值所在。由此可推知從貝爾維尤的成功中我們可以學(xué)到：嘗試新事物是值得的。故選A項(xiàng)。Ⅱ．七選五(2021年山東省濰坊市五縣市聯(lián)考)Formanyofus,nothingisbetterthanburyingourheadinagoodbook.Whetherit’sacrimestoryorabiographyofsomeone’samazinglife,it’sgoodtoreadabooktoswitchofffromthedistractionsofeverydaylife.__1__Itcanbeeducationalandbroadenthemind.Agoodnovelcanmakeushappy,ormakeuscryaswesympathizewithcharacters.Alistofbooksabout“bibliotherapy”canbeofferedtopatients.__2__It’sbecomesosuccessfulthatit’sabouttobeextendedtochildrenaswell.ProfessorPhilipDavis,authorofabookcalledReadingforLife,studiespeopleinreadinggroupsandfoundthatit’sreadingliterature—writtenworkthoughttohaveartisticvalue,thathasthebesteffect.HetoldtheBBCthatwhenreadingsomethingforpleasure,“…thebrainbeginstoworkfromdifferentparts,anditgetsexcited,itgetspre-emotional.__3__”O(jiān)fcourse,it’seasyinoursmartphonegenerationtoabandonagoodbookandplaywithourphonesinstead.Butopeningupapaperbackcouldbeasimplewaytohelpmaintainourmentalhealth.__4__Andtheymayallowyoutoseethatawkwardsituationyou’vebeenanxiousaboutforweeksfromsomeoneelse’spointofview.__5__Ifthebooklistdoesn’tappeal,youcouldreadbookreviews,visitalibraryorbookshoporaskafriend.Onceyou’vefoundtherighttext,you’llbefascinated!A．Youcanseethebraincomingtolife.B．Andyoucouldalwaysuseane-reader.C．Youcanlendittofriendsandforgetyoudid.D．Itmayseemobviousthatreadingisgoodforus.E．It’sthoughtthattheycanhelpyousettargetsandfindfocus.F．Readingbooksisactuallybeingidentifiedasatreatmenttosickness.G．Ifyou’renotaconcernedreader,itcanbehardtoknowwheretobegin.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者通過(guò)分析告訴我們閱讀的重要性以及通過(guò)閱讀可以帶來(lái)的積極影響。1．D根據(jù)后句的“它可以是有教育意義的，還可以開(kāi)闊眼界?！笨芍?，D項(xiàng)“閱讀對(duì)我們有好處，這似乎是顯而易見(jiàn)的?！焙颓熬錁?gòu)成前后說(shuō)明。共同表達(dá)閱讀的好處。故選D項(xiàng)。2．F根據(jù)前句提到“可以向患者提供一系列關(guān)于’閱讀療法’的書(shū)籍”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)書(shū)籍具有“治病”之用。F項(xiàng)“讀書(shū)實(shí)際上被認(rèn)為是一種治療疾病的方法?！痹诖藢?duì)前句構(gòu)成補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。故選F項(xiàng)。3．A根據(jù)前句提及“他告訴英國(guó)廣播公司，當(dāng)你為了快樂(lè)而閱讀時(shí)，……大腦從不同的部分開(kāi)始工作，它變得興奮，它變得情緒化?！笨芍?，此處表示書(shū)籍對(duì)大腦的積極影響。A項(xiàng)“你可以看到大腦蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)?！痹诖藢?duì)上句進(jìn)行總結(jié)說(shuō)明。共同強(qiáng)調(diào)書(shū)籍對(duì)大腦的積極影響。故選A項(xiàng)。4．E根據(jù)前句“但是打開(kāi)一本平裝書(shū)可能是幫助我們保持心理健康的一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單方法?！焙彤?huà)線后的句子“他們可能會(huì)讓你從別人的角度看到你已經(jīng)焦慮了幾個(gè)星期的尷尬局面。”可知，此處前后句都是強(qiáng)調(diào)書(shū)籍對(duì)人生的一些積極的作用。E項(xiàng)“人們認(rèn)為它們可以幫助你設(shè)定目標(biāo)，找到焦點(diǎn)?！痹诖藰?gòu)成前后并列。故選E項(xiàng)。5．G根據(jù)后句“如果書(shū)單不吸引你，你可以看看書(shū)評(píng)，去圖書(shū)館或書(shū)店，或者問(wèn)問(wèn)朋友。一旦你找到了正確的文本，你會(huì)為之著迷的?！笨芍珿項(xiàng)“如果你不是一個(gè)認(rèn)真的讀者，你可能很難知道從哪里開(kāi)始”為后句作者提出解決方案所針對(duì)的問(wèn)題。故選G項(xiàng)。Ⅲ．概要寫(xiě)作閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫(xiě)一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。(2019年上海卷)Wherearethebees?Beesareessentialtotheproductionoffoodweeat.Beesmakehoney,buttheyalsopollinatelargeareasofcrops,suchasstrawberries,applesandonions.Aboutathirdofthefoodweeatisaresultofpollinationofthebees.Unfortunately,beeshavebeendisappearingatanalarmingrate.In2006，beekeepersstartedreportingaboutsomethingcalledColonyCollapseDisaster(CCD)．ThemainsignofCCDisthelossofadulthoneybeesfromahive.InOctoberof2006,somebeekeepersreportedthattheyhadlostbetween30and90percentoftheirhives.Thereweremanytheoriesforthedisappearanceofthebees.Butthemostconvincingonehastodowithpesticidesandlifestylesofbeestoday.Nowadays,beekeepersgetmostoftheirincomenotfromproducinghoneybutfromrentingbeestopollinateplants.Thismeansthatthelifeofthetypicalbeenowconsistsoftravellingallaroundthecountrytopollinatecropsastheseasonschange.Thatmeansalotoftravellingontrucks,whichisverystressfultobees.Itisnotunusualforupto30%ofthehivetodieduringtransportduetostress.Inaddition,beesthatspendmostoftheirtimelockedupontrucksarenotexposedtowhattheyusuallyliveon.Instead,theyliveonasweetliquidfromcorn,usuallypollutedwithpesticides.Theexactreasonforthedisappearanceofbeesisnotsure,butlosingbeesisverycostlytothee