人教版2023選擇性必修第一冊Unit 2 Looking into the Future完形填空練習(xí)含解析

第第頁人教版（2023）選擇性必修第一冊Unit2LookingintotheFuture完形填空練習(xí)（含解析）Unit2LookingIntoTheFuture

單元話題完形填空練習(xí)

（2023春·云南玉溪·高二云南省玉溪第一中學(xué)?？计谥校㊣nmanyways,GitanjaliRaoisanordinary11-year-old,livelyandchatty,yetherscientificspiritmakesahugedifference.Lastmonth,she____1____thetopprizeattheDiscoveryEducation3MYoungScientistChallengeforherinvention.

What____2____Gitanjali’sworkwasthathercityfacedawateremergencywithtoomuchlead(鉛)initswater.“Theideadidn’t____3____tomeuntilIsawmyparentstrytodowatertests.Theteststripsmayshowinaccurateresults,whichweren’tvery____4____.”sherecalled.

Shethensearchedforsuitablematerialswithcontinuedeffortsand____5____foundthatcarbonnanotube(納米管)sensorscanbeusedtosensechemicals.Gitanjali____6____tobuildasmallbluehousingusingthe3-Dprinteratherschoolwithcomputerchipsandabatteryinside.Afreeapp,whichGitanjalidesignedunder____7____fromhercomputerscienceteacher,sendsthedatatoalinkedphonethrougha(n)____8____device.

Theprocessofdesigningherprojectwasn’talways____9____,though.KathleenShafer,ascientistpairedwithGitanjaliasherteacherinsummer,_____10_____alongtheway.Intheawardceremony,Gitanjalialso_____11_____hersuccesstoherparents’constantsupportand_____12_____totry“crazyideas”.Gitanjalireceived$25,000tofurtherdevelopherprogramalongwiththegreat_____13_____ofwinningthecontest.AccordingtoShafer,who_____14_____Gitanjali,“sheshowsalotofmotivationtosolve_____15_____issuesthroughscience”.

1．A．designedB．earnedC．offeredD．made

2．A．exposedB．improvedC．definedD．inspired

3．A．occurB．belongC．stickD．a(chǎn)pply

4．A．simpleB．predictableC．reliableD．creative

5．A．initiallyB．immediatelyC．temporarilyD．eventually

6．A．managedB．promisedC．pretendedD．happened

7．A．observationB．commandC．instructionD．control

8．A．sustainableB．permanentC．blankD．a(chǎn)ttached

9．A．optionalB．smoothC．continuousD．complete

10．A．seizedB．riskedC．helpedD．followed

11．A．stressesB．owesC．impressesD．guarantees

12．A．encouragementB．requestC．struggleD．pressure

13．A．fortuneB．intentionC．honorD．potential

14．A．keepsupwithB．getsalongwithC．takescareofD．speakshighlyof

15．A．commercialB．practicalC．symbolicD．dynamic

（2023春·上?！じ叨虾Ｊ衅邔氈袑W(xué)?？奸_學(xué)考試）Thedreamoftheflyingcarcouldcomedowntoearthsoonasseveralstar-upslikeChineseEHANGandUberaredevelopingso-called“passengerdrones”self—flyingdronesbigenoughtoferryindividualcommutersaroundtown—whichcould___16___commutetimesfromhourstominutes.

Atfirstglance,human-carryingdronessoundnomore___17___thanflyingcars.Untilrecently.inventorshadneverbeenableto___18___automobilesandaircraftinapracticalway.Yetafewcompanieshavekeptatit:Woburn,forexample,hassince2023beendevelopingTransition,a“roadableaircraft”that___19___asmallairplanethatcanfolditswingsanddriveonroads.Apersonalflyingcarineverygaragehasprovedtobea(n)___20___sell,however,asthereareserioussafetyconcernsaboutaskingtheaveragecommutertotrainforapilot’slicenseandtaketotheskies.

Passengerdrones,___21___,wouldoperateautonomouslyandleavethe“roadable”partbehindinfavoroflargerversionsofaircraftthatalreadyexist.Passengerdronedesignsfavordistributedelectricpropulsion(推進),meaninginsteadofonelargemotorpoweredbyalargeenginetheyhavemultiplepropellerseachpoweredbyitsown,smallermotor.This___22___liftingpowerandflightperformanceinexchangeformechanicalsimplicityandlighterweight—factorsthatcouldmakethemcheapertooperate.Quieterelectricpowerwouldmakethenoise___23___tocityresidents,althoughitremainstobeseenhowmuchweightsuchavehiclecouldlift,andforhowlong.

Withanyofthesevehicles,safetyisthebiggestconcernand___24___toboththeaircraftandtheautomatedsystemsflyingthem.Advancedartificialintelligenceisneededtoflylargenumbersofautonomousaircraftwithout____25____themintooneanotheror,say,thelocalnewschannel’straffichelicopter.CarryingpeoplefrompointsAtoBseemssimpleenough,buteventhebestAIstruggleswith____26____“What,forexample,wouldadronedoifalandingareasuddenlybecameunavailable”asksSanjivSingh,aCarnegieMellonUniversityroboticsresearcher.Insteadof____27____tofullyautomatedpassengerdrones,hesuggestsfirsttestingthenecessaryAIinunmannedcargoruns,andadoptinga“mixedmode”approachinearlypassengerserviceswherepilotsareassistedbyAIco-pilots.

Technicalchallengesaside,start-ups(創(chuàng)業(yè)公司)promotingthetechnologywillhavetofindawaytoconvincethepublictogivetheirdronesatry,somethingthatrequiresamuchbiggerleapoffaiththangettingintothe____28____ofaself-drivingcar.Passengerdronemakersare“obviouslystillintheveryearlystagesoftechnologydevelopmentandimprovingthe____29____,”saysMikeHirschberg,executivedirectoroftheAmericanHelicopterSocietyInternational.“But20or30yearsfromnowlifemaybealittlelikeTheJetsonswhereyoutakeadvantageofthethirddimensionandhavemuchmore____30____especiallyinurbanclosequarterswheregroundtransportationisjammed.”

Thepassengerdroneprogressmayfollowaslopingtakeoffratherthanvertical(垂直的)leap.CarnegieMellon’sSinghseesalongroadaheadfilledwithlotsoftesting,analysis,regulationandeffortstowinthepublic’strustbeforethetechnologybecomesaviabletransportationoption.“Thereisthedangerofsomeonemovingtoofastandthenhavingaproblemthatsetstheindustrybackforsometime,”hesays.

16．A．simplifyB．a(chǎn)djustC．estimateD．shrink

17．A．magicalB．realisticC．a(chǎn)ppealingD．worthwhile

18．A．imitateB．designC．marryD．divide

19．A．resemblesB．outperformsC．challengesD．personalizes

20．A．toughB．realC．evilD．huge

21．A．inadditionB．forexampleC．onthewholeD．bycontrast

22．A．sacrificesB．strengthensC．balancesD．controls

23．A．immuneB．unknownC．relevantD．tolerable

24．A．contributesB．a(chǎn)ppealsC．extendsD．a(chǎn)dapts

25．A．plungingB．crashingC．blowingD．splitting

26．A．encountersB．locationsC．surprisesD．differences

27．A．leapingB．tendingC．pointingD．a(chǎn)pplying

28．A．disorderB．backseatC．doubtD．flow

29．A．basicsB．figuresC．solutionsD．effects

30．A．a(chǎn)tmosphereB．concentrationC．dependenceD．mobility

（2023秋·山西大同·高二統(tǒng)考期末）Makingsenseofthefive____31____—sight,hearing,touch,smell,andtaste—remainsaforefrontfieldinscience.Toexploretheseprocesses,researchersoftentryto____32____nature.Inthe1950s,____33____,thelateCornellUniversitypsychologistFrankRosenblattcopiedthewiringandprocessinginafly’seyetobuildadevicefilledwithamazeofwiresandelectronics.Studieslikethis,nowpoweredbyadvancedcomputation,arecreatinganewfieldofstudy____34____intelligentsensing,whichmanyscientists____35____atZhejiangLabinHangzhou,China.

“Intelligentsensingisanewtechnologyofcopyingthesensingmodethroughwhichhumans____36____surroundingobjectsandtheenvironment,”saysXuLiu,deanoftheResearchInstituteofIntelligentSensingatZhejiangLab.“Human____37____,hearing,smell,taste,andtouchallhavetheirownnervenetworks,andtheyallcomputeinaparticularway.Itisnotonlythemechanicalsensingprocess,butalsoa____38____ofphysicalsensing,nerveinformationprocessing,andbrainrecognitionthatformsahuman’sknowing,learningandunderstandingtheir____39____”.

Advancesinintelligentsensingrely_____40_____onmoreadvancedsensors,suchasso-calledsmartsensors_____41_____fromaconventionaldigitalsensor.“Thesekindsofsensorswillsoonenterthemarket,buttheycanonlybe_____42_____asinitialtypesofintelligentsensors,”Liusays,becauseevensmartersensorsare_____43_____development.

_____44_____acknowledgingthebreakthroughsthathaveencouragedthedevelopmentofexistingsensors,researcherscanbe_____45_____thattomorrow’ssensorswillbemuchmoreadvanced.

31．A．feelingsB．organsC．sensesD．emotions

32．A．balanceB．modelC．enjoyD．change

33．A．forinstanceB．suchasC．bycontrastD．inreality

34．A．designedB．highlightedC．programmedD．called

35．A．produceB．exploreC．discoverD．find

36．A．controlB．investigateC．a(chǎn)ffectD．perceive

37．A．visionB．contactC．movementD．knowledge

38．A．competenceB．communicationC．comparisonD．combination

39．A．structuresB．solutionsC．surroundingsD．statistics

40．A．heavilyB．widelyC．deeplyD．highly

41．A．supportedB．recoveredC．createdD．removed

42．A．plannedB．regardedC．tradedD．a(chǎn)pplied

43．A．ofB．forC．inD．on

44．A．WhenB．WhileC．BecauseD．If

45．A．confidentB．doubtfulC．uncertainD．fearful

（2023·全國·高二專題練習(xí)）Foraslongasthere’vebeencarsandplanes,someonehasbeentryingtocombinethetwo.ThisItalian____46____wasbuiltinthe1940s.Thetroubleis,they’veneverbeenreally____47____,butnowthingscouldbeabouttochange.AndyWall,SalesDirector,PAL-Vsaid,“So,wehadtostop____48____,andwearenowattheverylaststageofprocessingtheregulationswithinpermissionsforflightwiththis____49____.So…It’sgettingso____50____.“ThePAL-VLibertyismadebyaDutchcompanywhichisnearingtheendofthelongprocesstogeteverythinglicensedand____51____.

Thequestionis,whoisgoingtobuyoneWell,they’vealreadygotlotsof____52____.MarcovandenBosch,ChiefCommercialOfficer,PAL-Vtoldus,“Thisisthe____53____waytobecomeapilot.There’salwaysasmallJamesBondseatineveryheartofeveryguyandeverygirl,sothat’swherewe’re____54____to.”

Ittakeslessthantenminutestoturnitfromaplanetoacar._____55_____,isn’titYoucould_____56_____itatanyairfieldandthendrivehome.Ifyouwantto_____57_____oneofthese,it’sgoingtocostyou?300,000.Itsounds_____58_____butprobablyitwillbeanewmotoringandairtravelrevolutionifyouwanttobeattheforefrontofwhatthey’repromising.You’llneedaprivatepilot’s_____59_____intheUK,butyoucanlearnbothhereinCoventryandinOxford.There’vebeenmanyfalsestartsinbringingaflyingcartomarket.Nextyear,theybelieve,iswhenyoumay_____60_____onedrivingalongastreetnearyou.

46．A．toyB．modelC．equipmentD．network

47．A．portableB．nativeC．a(chǎn)ttractiveD．practical

48．A．dreamingB．workingC．cheeringD．wandering

49．A．carB．vehicleC．planeD．diploma

50．A．interestingB．riskyC．closeD．enjoyable

51．A．designedB．exchangeC．forbiddenD．a(chǎn)pproved

52．A．giftsB．opportunitiesC．ordersD．goods

53．A．fastestB．slowestC．funniestD．oldest

54．A．skatingB．removingC．returningD．selling

55．A．DangerousB．AmazingC．UnbearableD．Grateful

56．A．findB．landC．rentD．a(chǎn)rrange

57．A．purchaseB．witnessC．inventD．name

58．A．a(chǎn)littleB．reasonableC．a(chǎn)lotD．possible

59．A．ticketB．theoryC．invitationD．license

60．A．imagineB．suggestC．seeD．a(chǎn)ppreciate

（2023·高二課時練習(xí)）Moderninventionshavespeededuppeople’slivesamazingly.Motorcars____61____ahundredmilesinmorethananhour,aircraftcrosstheworldwithinaday,whilecomputersoperateatlightningspeed.Indeed,thisloveof____62____seemsnever-ending.Everyyearmotorcarsareproducedwhichgoevenfasterandeachnewcomputerboasts(吹噓)of____63____precioussecondsinhandlingtasks.

Allthesesavetime,butatacost.Whenweloseor____64____halfadayinspeedingacrosstheworldinanairplane,ourbodiestellusso.Wegettheuncomfortablefeelingknownasjet-lag(時差).Ourbodiesfeelthattheyhavebeen____65____behindinanothertimezone.Again,spendingtoolongat____66____resultsinpainfulwrists(手腕)andfingers.Mobilephonesalsohavetheirdangers:toomuchusemaytransmitharmful____67____intoourbrains.

However,howdowe____68____thetimewehavesavedCertainlynotrelax,orsoitseems.Wearesousedtoconstantactivitythatwefindit____69____tositdownanddonothingorevenjustonethingata____70____.Perhapsthedaysarelonggonewhenwemightlisten____71____toastoryontheradio,lettingimaginationtakeusintoanotherworld.

Therewasatimewhensomepeople’slivesweredevotedsimplytothecultivation(耕作)ofthe____72____orthecareofcattle.Nomulti-taskingthere;theirliveswentonatamuchgentlerpace.Thereismuchthatwemightenvyabouta____73____oflifelikethis.Yetbeforewedoso,wemustthinkofthehardtasksourancestors____74____.Modernmachineshave____75____peoplefromthatprimitive(原始的)existence.

61．A．exploreB．getC．coverD．fly

62．A．speedB．timeC．productD．distance

63．A．wastingB．losingC．savingD．spending

64．A．earnB．dropC．missD．gain

65．A．leftB．comeC．forgottenD．felt

66．A．shipsB．a(chǎn)irplanesC．computersD．cars

67．A．preventionB．radiationC．combinationD．damage

68．A．controlB．handleC．doD．deal

69．A．uncomfortableB．easyC．difficultD．good

70．A．secondB．dayC．yearD．time

71．A．a(chǎn)ctivelyB．quietlyC．quicklyD．curiously

72．A．surfaceB．waterC．landD．island

73．A．wayB．viewC．pathwayD．point

74．A．expressedB．chargedC．inspiredD．faced

75．A．freedB．remainedC．keptD．cleared

（2023春·廣東深圳·高一深圳市高級中學(xué)?？计谥校㊣nmanyways,GitanjaliRaoisanordinary11-year-old,livelyandchatty,yetherscientificspiritmakesahugedifference.Lastmonth,she____76____thetopprizeattheDiscoveryEducation3MYoungScicntistChallengeforherinvention.

What____77____Gitanjali’sworkwasthathercityfacedawateremergencywithtoomuchleadinitswater.”Theideadidn’t____78____tomeuntilIsawmypatentstrytodowatertests.Theteststripsmayshowinaccurateresults,whichweren’tvery____79____.”Sherecalls.Shethensearchedforsuitablematerialswithcontinuedeffortsand____80____foundthatcarbonnanotube(納米管)sensorscanbeusedtosensechemicals.Gitanjali____81____tobuildasmallbluehousingusingthe3Dprinteratherschoolwithcomputerchipsandabatteryinside.Afreeapp,whichGitanjalidesignedunder____82____fromhercomputerscienceteacher,givesinstant____83____andsendsthedatatoalinkedphonethroughanattacheddevice.

Theprocessofdesigningherprojectwasn’talways____84____,though.KathleenShafer,ascientistpairedwithGitanjaliasherteacherinsummer,_____85_____alongtheway.Intheawardceremony,Gitanjalialso_____86_____herparentswithconstantsupportand_____87_____totry“crazyideas”.Gitanjalireceived$25,000tofurtherdevelopherprogramalongwiththegreat_____88_____ofwinningthecontest.AccordingtoShafer,who_____89_____Gitanjali,“sheshowsalotofmotivationtosolve_____90_____issuesthroughscience”.

76．A．earnedB．designedC．offeredD．made

77．A．exposedB．improvedC．definedD．inspired

78．A．stickB．belongC．occurD．a(chǎn)pply

79．A．simpleB．reliableC．predictableD．creative

80．A．eventuallyB．immediatelyC．temporarilyD．initially

81．A．managedB．promisedC．pretendedD．happened

82．A．observationB．commandC．instructionD．control

83．A．a(chǎn)ccessB．resultsC．decisionsD．a(chǎn)pproval

84．A．optionalB．completeC．continuousD．smooth

85．A．changedB．helpedC．risked.D．followed

86．A．stressesB．creditsC．impressesD．provides

87．A．encouragementB．requestC．struggleD．pressure

88．A．fortuneB．intentionC．honorD．potential

89．A．keepswithB．getsalongwithC．takescareofD．speakshighlyof

90．A．commercialB．a(chǎn)cademicC．practicalD．systematic

參考答案：

1．B2．D3．A4．C5．D6．A7．C8．D9．B10．C11．B12．A13．C14．D15．B

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了Gitanjali獲得探索教育3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽最高獎一事。

1．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：上個月，她的發(fā)明獲得了探索教育3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽的最高獎。A.designed設(shè)計；B.earned掙得、贏得；C.offered提供；D.made制作。根據(jù)“thetopprizeattheDiscoveryEducation3MYoungScientistChallenge”可知，此處指獲獎，eared符合語境。故選B項。

2．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：啟發(fā)Gitanjali工作的是，她的城市面臨著水中鉛含量過高的緊急情況。A.exposed暴露；B.improved提升；C.defined定義；D.inspired鼓舞、激勵、啟發(fā)。根據(jù)“What____2____Gitanjali’sworkwasthathercityfacedawateremergencywithtoomuchlead(鉛)initswater.”可知，她的城市面臨著水中鉛含量過高的問題，這是她的發(fā)明的靈感來源，此處應(yīng)是“啟發(fā)”，inspired符合語境。故選D項。

3．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：直到我看到父母試著做水測試，我才有了這個想法。A.occur出現(xiàn)、發(fā)生；B.belong屬于；C.stick刺、堅持；D.apply申請、應(yīng)用。根據(jù)“Theideadidn’t____3____tomeuntilIsawmyparentstrytodowatertests.”可知，直到父母試著做水測試才有了這個想法，occurtosb為固定搭配，表示“某人突然想到”。故選A項。

4．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：試紙可能會顯示不準(zhǔn)確的結(jié)果，這不是很可靠。A.simple簡單的；B.predictable可預(yù)測的；C.reliable可靠的；D.creative創(chuàng)新的、有創(chuàng)造力的。根據(jù)前面的“inaccurateresults”可知，不準(zhǔn)確的結(jié)果說明不可靠，reliable符合語境。故選C項。

5．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，她不斷努力尋找合適的材料，最終發(fā)現(xiàn)碳納米管傳感器可以用來感知化學(xué)物質(zhì)。A.initially開始、起初；B.immediately立即、馬上；C.temporarily臨時地、暫時地；D.eventually最終、最后。根據(jù)“Shethensearchedforsuitablematerialswithcontinuedefforts”可知，她不斷努力尋找合適材料，最后發(fā)現(xiàn)了碳納米管傳稿器，eventually符合語境。故選D項。

6．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Gitanjali在學(xué)校用3d打印機建造了一個藍(lán)色的小房子，里面有電腦芯片和電池。A.managed管理、設(shè)法做成；B.promised承諾；C.pretended假裝；D.happened發(fā)生、碰巧。根據(jù)“Gitanjali____6____tobuildasmallbluehousingusingthe3-Dprinteratherschoolwithcomputerchipsandabatteryinside.”可知，應(yīng)該是“設(shè)法”在學(xué)校建造了一個藍(lán)色的小房子，managetodo為固定短語，表示“設(shè)法做成某事”。故選A項。

7．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Gitanjali在她的計算機科學(xué)老師的指導(dǎo)下設(shè)計了一個免費的應(yīng)用程序，通過一個附加設(shè)備將數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到一個連接的手機上。A.observation觀察；B.command命令；C.instruction指示、指導(dǎo)；D.control控制。根據(jù)“whichGitanjalidesignedunder____7____fromhercomputerscienceteacher”可知，應(yīng)該是在老師的“指導(dǎo)下”，instruction符合語境。故選C項。

8．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Gitanjali在她的計算機科學(xué)老師的指導(dǎo)下設(shè)計了一個免費的應(yīng)用程序，通過一個附加設(shè)備將數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到一個連接的手機上。A.sustainable可持續(xù)的；B.permanent永久的；C.blank空白的；D.attached附屬的。根據(jù)“sendsthedatatoalinkedphone”可知，應(yīng)該是通過一個“附加”設(shè)備發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)，attached符合語境。故選D項。

9．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不過，設(shè)計項目的過程并不總是一帆風(fēng)順。A.optional可選擇的、選修的；B.smooth平坦的、流暢的；C.continuous連續(xù)的；D.complete完全的、完整的。根據(jù)“Theprocessofdesigningherprojectwasn’talways____9____,though.”可知，此處與上文存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)指過程并非總是很順利，smooth符合語境。故選B項。

10．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：科學(xué)家KathleenShafer是Gitanjali暑期的搭檔老師，她一直在幫助她。A.seized抓??；B.risked冒險；C.helped幫助；D.followed跟隨。根據(jù)“asherteacher”可知，既然是搭檔老師，應(yīng)該是“幫助”她，helped符合語境。故選C項。

11．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在頒獎典禮上，Gitanjali還將自己的成功歸功于父母不斷的支持和鼓勵，讓她嘗試“瘋狂的想法”。A.stresses強調(diào)；B.owes虧欠、歸功于；C.impresses使印象深刻；D.guarantees保證。根據(jù)“Gitanjalialso____11____hersuccesstoherparents’constantsupportand____12____totry“crazyideas”可知，應(yīng)該是將她的成功“歸因于”父母的支持和鼓勵，oweto為固定短語，表示“歸功于”。故選B項。

12．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在頒獎典禮上，Gitanjali還將自己的成功歸功于父母不斷的支持和鼓勵，讓她嘗試“瘋狂的想法”。A.encouragement鼓勵；B.request要求、請求；C.struggle奮斗、斗爭；D.pressure壓力。根據(jù)“herparents’constantsupportand____12____totry“crazyideas”可知，應(yīng)該是父母的支持和鼓勵，encouragement符合語境。故選A項。

13．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Gitanjali獲得了25,000美元，用于進一步發(fā)展她的項目，并獲得了贏得比賽的巨大榮譽。A.fortune命運、財富；B.intention意圖、打算；C.honor榮譽；D.potential潛力。根據(jù)“Gitanjalireceived$25,000tofurtherdevelopherprogramalongwiththegreat____13____ofwinningthecontest.”可知，應(yīng)該是贏得比賽的“榮譽”，honor符合語境。故選C項。

14．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：Shafer高度評價了Gitanjali，他說：“她表現(xiàn)出了通過科學(xué)解決實際問題的極大動力?！盇.keepsupwith趕上、保持聯(lián)系；B.getsalongwith與……和睦相處；C.takescareof照顧、看護；D.speakshighlyof高度贊揚。根據(jù)后面的話“sheshowsalotofmotivationtosolve____15____issuesthroughscience”可知，Shafer對Gitanjali的評價很高，speakshighlyof表示“高度贊揚”。故選D項。

15．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Shafer高度評價了Gitanjali，他說：“她表現(xiàn)出了通過科學(xué)解決實際問題的極大動力?！盇.commercial商業(yè)的；B.practical實際的；C.symbolic有象征意義的；D.dynamic充滿活力的、精力充沛的。根據(jù)“sheshowsalotofmotivationtosolve____15____issuesthroughscience”和上文內(nèi)容可知，Gitanjali研究的東西用于解決水中鉛含量過高的問題，這屬于“實際問題”，practical符合語境。故選B項。

16．D17．B18．C19．A20．A21．D22．A23．D24．C25．B26．C27．A28．B29．A30．D

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了一種類似于“會飛的汽車”的新思路——載人無人機，詳細(xì)闡述了其面臨的各種技術(shù)難題，指出這種技術(shù)的實現(xiàn)還要走很長的路。

16．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著中國EHANG和優(yōu)步（Uber）等幾家初創(chuàng)企業(yè)正在研發(fā)所謂的“無人駕駛飛機”，飛行汽車的夢想可能很快就會成真。無人駕駛飛機的尺寸足夠大，可以在市內(nèi)運送乘客，從而將通勤時間從數(shù)小時縮短到幾分鐘。A.simplify簡化；B.adjust調(diào)整，校對；C.estimate估計；D.shrink縮小。根據(jù)“fromhourstominutes.”可知，此處是指縮短時間。故選D。

17．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：乍一看，載人無人機聽起來并不比飛行汽車更現(xiàn)實。A.magical有魔力的；B.realistic現(xiàn)實的；C.appealing有吸引力的；D.worthwhile值得的。根據(jù)下文“Untilrecently,inventorshadneverbeenableto3automobilesandaircraftinapracticalway.”可知，載人無人機聽起來不太現(xiàn)實。故選B。

18．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：直到最近，發(fā)明家們還無法以實際的方式將汽車和飛機結(jié)合起來。A.imitate模仿；B.design設(shè)計；C.marry嫁，娶，使……結(jié)合；D.divide分開。根據(jù)上文“human-carryingdrones”可知，載人無人機是把汽車和飛機結(jié)合起來。故選C。

19．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，一些公司一直在堅持這一點：例如，沃伯恩自2023年以來一直在開發(fā)Transition，一種類似于小型飛機的“可行駛飛機”，可以折疊機翼并在公路上行駛。A.resembles像；B.outperforms勝過，做得比……好；C.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；D.personalizes個性化。根據(jù)“roadableaircraft”推知，這種設(shè)備像小型飛機。故選A。

20．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，事實證明，在每個車庫里都有一輛私人飛行汽車是一項艱難的銷售，因為要求普通通勤者訓(xùn)練駕駛執(zhí)照并駕駛飛機上天，存在嚴(yán)重的安全問題。A.tough艱難的，棘手的；B.real真的；C.evil邪惡的；D.huge巨大的。根據(jù)下文“asthereareserioussafetyconcernsaboutaskingtheaveragecommutertotrainforapilot’slicenseandtaketotheskies.”可知，要讓每家人的車庫里都有一輛私人飛機是很艱難的銷售。故選A。

21．考查介詞短語辨析。句意：相比之下，客運無人機將自動運行，并將“可行駛”的部分拋在后面，取而代之的是現(xiàn)有的更大版本的飛機。A.inaddition此外；B.forexample例如；C.onthewhole總的來看，大體上；D.bycontrast相較而言。結(jié)合上文可知，此處是把passengerdrone和personalflyingcar作對比。故選D。

22．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這犧牲了升力和飛行性能，以換取機械簡單性和更輕的重量因素，從而降低了操作成本。A.sacrifices犧牲；B.strengthens加強；C.balances使……平衡；D.controls控制。根據(jù)上文“Passengerdronedesignsfavor“distributedelectricpropulsion(推進),”meaninginsteadofonelargerotorpoweredbyalargeenginetheyhavemultiplepropellerseachpoweredbyitsown,smallermotor.”可知，這種設(shè)計減輕了飛機本身的重量，因此是用犧牲升力和飛行能力來換取取機械簡單性和更輕的重量。故選A。

23．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：更安靜的電力將使城市居民可以忍受噪音，但這種車輛能承受多大的重量，以及能承受多長時間，還有待觀察。A.immune免疫的；B.unknown不為人知的；C.relevant相關(guān)的；D.tolerable可容忍的。根據(jù)“Quieterelectricpower”可知，更安靜的電力使噪音變得可以忍受。故選D。

24．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：對于任何這些車輛，安全是最大的問題，并延伸到飛機和駕駛它們的自動化系統(tǒng)。A.contributes貢獻；B.appeals吸引，上訴，呼吁；C.extends延伸，伸出；D.adapts適應(yīng)，改編。結(jié)合語境可知，此處是指安全問題還延伸到飛機和它的自動化系統(tǒng)。故選C。

25．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：需要先進的人工智能來駕駛大量的自動駕駛飛機，而不會撞到其他飛機，比如當(dāng)?shù)匦侣勵l道的交通直升機。A.plunging用力插入；B.crashing碰撞，發(fā)出巨響；C.blowing吹；D.splitting使……分裂，撕裂。根據(jù)上文“Withanyofthesevehicles,safetyisthebiggestconcern”可知，本段討論的是安全問題，因此此處是指自動駕駛飛機不能撞到其他飛機。故選B。

26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：把人從A點帶到B點似乎很簡單，但即使是最好的人工智能也會遇到意外：例如，如果著陸區(qū)突然變得不可用，無人機會做什么？卡耐基梅隆大學(xué)機器人研究員桑吉夫·辛格問道。A.encounters偶遇；B.locations位置；C.surprises驚喜，意外的情況；D.differences區(qū)分，不同。根據(jù)“What,forexample,wouldadronedoifalandingareasuddenlybecameunavailable”可知，此處是指萬一遇到意外情況，無人機會采取什么措施。故選C。

27．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他建議首先在無人貨運中測試必要的人工智能，并在早期客運服務(wù)中采用“混合模式”方法，由人工智能副駕駛員協(xié)助駕駛員，而不是跳到全自動客運無人機。A.leaping跳躍；B.tending照料，傾向于；C.pointing指；D.applying申請，應(yīng)用，涂抹。根據(jù)“hesuggestsfirsttestingthenecessaryAIinunmannedcargo(貨物)runs,andadoptinga“mixedmode”approachinearlypassengerserviceswherepilotsareassistedbyAIco-pilots.”可知，此處是指一開始不能完全跳入全自動客運無人機這種運載方式，而是要循序漸進。且下文“ratherthanvertical(垂直的)leap.”也是提示。故選A。

28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：撇開技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)不談，推廣這項技術(shù)的初創(chuàng)企業(yè)必須找到一種方法來說服公眾讓他們的無人機試試，這需要比坐上自動駕駛汽車后座更大的信心。A.disorder紊亂；B.backseat后座；C.doubt懷疑；D.flow流。根據(jù)“gettinginto”和“aself-drivingcar”可知，此處是指坐上無人駕駛汽車（的后座）。故選B。

29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：米國國際直升機協(xié)會執(zhí)行董事邁克·赫希伯格表示，無人駕駛飛機制造商“顯然仍處于技術(shù)開發(fā)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施改進的孵化階段”。A.basics基本原理，基本原則；B.figures數(shù)字，人物；C.solutions解決方案；D.effects影響，效果。根據(jù)“intheincubation(孵化)stagesoftechnologydevelopment”可知，此處是指無人駕駛飛機制造商仍然出于技術(shù)開發(fā)和改進基礎(chǔ)的階段。故選A。

30．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但二三十年后的生活可能會有點像《杰森一家》，你可以利用三維空間，有更多的流動性，尤其是在地面交通擁堵的城市近距離區(qū)域。A.atmosphere氛圍，大氣；B.concentration專注，集中；C.dependence依賴；D.mobility移動性，流動性。根據(jù)“youtakeadvantageofthethirddimension”可知，此處是指有了更多的流動性。故選D。

31．C32．B33．A34．D35．B36．D37．A38．D39．C40．A41．C42．B43．C44．B45．A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了浙江實驗室的科學(xué)家們正在開發(fā)的先進的傳感器以及智能傳感技術(shù)。

31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：理解視覺、聽覺、觸覺、嗅覺和味覺這五種感官仍然是科學(xué)的前沿領(lǐng)域。A.feelings感覺，觸覺；B.organs器官；C.senses感官，感覺官能；D.emotions情緒。根據(jù)空后的“sight,hearing,touch,smell,andtaste”可知此處指視覺、聽覺、觸覺、嗅覺和味覺這五種感官。故選C。

32．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為了探索這些過程，研究人員經(jīng)常嘗試模擬自然。A.balance保持平衡，權(quán)衡；B.model復(fù)制，模仿；C.enjoy享受；D.change改變。由下文“thelateCornellUniversitypsychologistFrankRosenblattcopiedthewiringandprocessinginafly’seyetobuildadevicefilledwithamazeofwiresandelectronics”可知句中指研究人員模擬大自然。故選B。

33．考查短語辨析。句意：例如，20世紀(jì)50年代，康奈爾大學(xué)已故心理學(xué)家FrankRosenblatt模仿蒼蠅眼睛中的布線和處理過程，制造了一個充滿迷宮般的電線和電子器件的設(shè)備，稱為感知器。A.forinstance例如；B.suchas比如；C.bycontrast相比之下；D.inreality事實上。句意分析可知，此句是舉例說明上文所闡述的內(nèi)容“Toexploretheseprocesses,researchersoftentryto____2____nature.”，空后是一個完整的句子，forinstance符合句意。故選A。

34．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：像這樣的研究，現(xiàn)在由先進的計算提供動力，正在創(chuàng)造一個名為智能傳感的新研究領(lǐng)域，在中國杭州的之江實驗室有許多科學(xué)家在探索這個領(lǐng)域。A.designed設(shè)計；B.highlighted突出，強調(diào)；C.programmed編寫程序，設(shè)置；D.called給……取名，把……喚作。由下文“intelligentsensing”可知這個新的研究領(lǐng)域被稱為智能傳感。故選D。

35．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：像這樣的研究，現(xiàn)在由先進的計算提供動力，正在創(chuàng)造一個名為智能傳感的新研究領(lǐng)域，在中國杭州的浙江實驗室有許多科學(xué)家在探索這個領(lǐng)域。A.produce生產(chǎn)，制造；B.explore探究，探索；C.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.find找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)。由句中“arecreatinganewfieldofstudy__4__intelligentsensing”可知，智能傳感是一個新的研究領(lǐng)域，需要探索。故選B。

36．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：浙江實驗室智能傳感研究所所長劉旭說：“智能傳感是一種模仿人類感知周圍物體和環(huán)境的感知模式的新技術(shù)?！盇.control控制，掌管；B.investigate調(diào)查；C.affect影響；D.perceive感知，認(rèn)為。由句中“anewtechnologyofcopyingthesensingmode”可知，智能傳感是一種模仿人類感知周圍物體和環(huán)境的感知模式的新技術(shù)。故選D。

37．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：人類的視覺、聽覺、嗅覺、味覺和觸覺都有自己的神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，它們都以特定的方式計算。A.vision視覺；B.contact聯(lián)系，接觸；C.movement移動；D.knowledge知識。由第一段中“Makingsenseofthefive____1____—sight,hearing,touch,smell,andtaste—remainsaforefrontfieldinscience.”可知，此處指人類視覺。故選A。

38．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它不僅是機械的感知過程，而且是物理感知、神經(jīng)信息處理和大腦識別的結(jié)合，形成了人類對周圍環(huán)境的認(rèn)知、學(xué)習(xí)和理解。A.competence能力；B.communication交流，通訊；C.comparison比較；D.combination結(jié)合體，結(jié)合。根據(jù)上文“Intelligentsensingisanewtechnologyofcopyingthesensingmodethroughwhichhumans____6____surroundingobjectsandtheenvironment”以及空后的“thatformsahuman’sknowing,learningandunderstandingtheir____9____”可知，此處指物理感知、神經(jīng)信息處理和大腦識別的結(jié)合。故選D。

39．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它不僅是機械的感知過程，而且是物理感知、神經(jīng)信息處理和大腦識別的結(jié)合，形成了人類對周圍環(huán)境的認(rèn)知、學(xué)習(xí)和理解。A.structures結(jié)構(gòu)；B.solutions解決方案；C.surroundings周圍環(huán)境，周圍事物；D.statistics統(tǒng)計數(shù)字。根據(jù)上文“Intelligentsensingisanewtechnologyofcopyingthesensingmodethroughwhichhumans____6____surroundingobjectsandtheenvironment,”可知此處指形成對周圍環(huán)境的認(rèn)知、學(xué)習(xí)和理解。故選C。

40．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：智能傳感的進步在很大程度上依賴于更先進的傳感器，例如由傳統(tǒng)數(shù)字傳感器創(chuàng)建的所謂智能傳感器。A.heavily在很大程度上，大量地；B.widely普遍地，廣泛地；C.deeply非常，深刻地；D.highly非常，高度地。根據(jù)句中“suchasso-calledsmartsensors____11____fromaconventionaldigitalsensor”以及下文“‘Thesekindsofsensorswillsoonenterthemarket,buttheycanonlybe____12____asinitialtypesofintelligentsensors,’Liusays,becauseevensmartersensorsare___13___development.”可知，智能傳感的進步在很大程度上依賴于更先進的傳感器。故選A。

41．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：智能傳感的進步在很大程度上依賴于更先進的傳感器，例如由傳統(tǒng)數(shù)字傳感器創(chuàng)建的所謂智能傳感器。A.supported支持；B.recovered恢復(fù)，重新獲得；C.created創(chuàng)造，建立；D.removed移開，去除。根據(jù)句意以及上文“Advancesinintelligentsensingrely___10___onmoreadvancedsensors”可知所謂的智能傳感器是在傳統(tǒng)的數(shù)字傳感器基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)明的。故選C。

42．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“這些類型的傳感器將很快進入市場，但它們只能被視為智能傳感器的初始類型，”劉說，因為更智能的傳感器還在開發(fā)中。A.planned計劃，打算；B.regarded將……認(rèn)為，把……視為；C.traded做買賣，互相交換；D.applied申請，使用。由“becauseevensmartersensorsare____13____development”可知很快進入市場的這些傳感器只能被看作是智能傳感器的初始類型，beregardedas“被看作，被視為”符合句意。故選B。

43．考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：“這些類型的傳感器將很快進入市場，但它們只能被視為智能傳感器的初始類型，”劉說，因為更智能的傳感器還在開發(fā)中。A.of屬于；B.for（表示對象、用途等）給，為了；C.in在……內(nèi)，在……中；D.on在……之上，關(guān)于。由句中“Thesekindsofsensorswillsoonenterthemarket,buttheycanonlybe___12___asinitialtypesofintelligentsensors”以及下文“researcherscanbe___1